高中英語 Unit 4 Exploring plants Section Ⅱ Warming up and ReadingLanguage points課件 新人教選修9

Section Warming up & ReadingLanguage points課前自主預(yù)習(xí) .重點(diǎn)單詞 1_ vt.對授粉pollination n授粉pollinator n蟲媒 2_ adj.異國情調(diào)的；外來的；奇異的exotica n奇異事物，新奇事物 3_ adj.遠(yuǎn)的，遠(yuǎn)處的distance n距離，間距；遠(yuǎn)方；遠(yuǎn)處 4_ n斗爭；沖突conflicting adj.相反的 5_ n盡力；竭力 6_ n錨 vi.拋錨，錨定pollinateexoticdistantconflictendeavouranchor 7_ adj.緊的，緊密的tightly adv.緊緊地；堅(jiān)固地 8_ n容器contain v包含，容納，裝盛 9_ n限制，約束restrict v限制restricted adj.有限的 10_ n流利，流暢fluent adj.流利的fluently adv.流利地 11_ vt.& vi.剃；刮n.刮臉，刮胡子，修面shaver n剃須刀tightcontainerrestrictionfluencyshave 12_ n雷雨，雷暴 13_ n海盜 v剽竊，盜用 14_ n懇求；呼吁 vi.(對某人)有吸引力appealing adj.有吸引力的，有趣的 15_ n植物學(xué)家botany n植物學(xué)botanical adj.植物學(xué)的thunderstormpirateappealbotanist .重點(diǎn)短語 1_適應(yīng)于 2_追溯到；遠(yuǎn)在年代 3_大規(guī)模地 4_對感興趣 5_資助；(使)開始從事某種職業(yè) 6_遇到；碰見 7_大量的 8_(對)有吸引力；呼吁 9_大量的，各種各樣的adapt todate back toon a large scaletake interest inset upcome acrossquantities ofappeal toa vast variety of .重點(diǎn)句型 1_，_，dates back to the earliest times. 2However，_the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries _ the exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale. 3Cook called the bay _ the Endeavour had anchored Botany bay. 4_over 120 species of plants to Western gardens _20,000 tea plants.Collecting “exotic” plantsas they are calledit was not untilthatwhereNot only did Fortune introducebut he also shipped課內(nèi)研析探究distant adj. (1)遙遠(yuǎn)的；遠(yuǎn)處的；久遠(yuǎn)的 Have you heard the distant sound of music? 你聽到遠(yuǎn)處的音樂聲了嗎？ (2)疏遠(yuǎn)的，關(guān)系不近的 Those two weak boys are distant relations. 那兩個(gè)瘦弱的男孩是遠(yuǎn)房親戚。 distance n久遠(yuǎn)；距離；冷淡；疏遠(yuǎn) at/from a distance離一段距離 in/into the distance在遠(yuǎn)方，在遠(yuǎn)處 keep sb.at a distance(keep ones distance from sb./sth.) 與某人保持一定距離；對某人疏遠(yuǎn)(3)冷淡的；不親近的Instead of stopping to speak，she passed by with only a distant nod.她沒有停下來談話，只是冷冷地點(diǎn)了一下頭就走了過去。The picture looks more beautiful from a distance.這幅圖畫遠(yuǎn)看更美麗。conflict (1)n.C，U戰(zhàn)爭，戰(zhàn)斗，沖突；爭論，抵觸，論戰(zhàn) There is a conflict between the two cultures. 這兩種文化之間存在著沖突。conflict of interest(s)利益沖突a wordy conflict舌戰(zhàn) (2)vi.沖突；抵觸 These results conflict with the earlier findings. 這些結(jié)果與早期的發(fā)現(xiàn)相矛盾。 My daughter is in conflict with me over her career. 我女兒在擇業(yè)問題上與我有分歧。conflict with與沖突，與戰(zhàn)斗come into conflict with與沖突，與矛盾in conflict with與沖突，與矛盾anchor (1)n.錨 The ship cast/dropped anchor for the night. 船拋錨過夜。 (2)vi.& vt.拋錨，緊固，(使)緊緊扣牢 The tiger anchored fast to its prey. 這只老虎緊緊地抓住獵物不放。 at anchor(船)拋錨，停泊著 cast/drop anchor下錨，拋錨；過安定生活 come to (an) anchor拋錨，停泊；停下來 weigh/raise anchor起錨；快點(diǎn)，加油The ship lay at anchor two miles off the coast.輪船在離海岸兩海里處停泊了。restriction n限制；約束 Im sorry to tell you that you have broken the speed restriction. 很遺憾您超過了速度限制。 The government has agreed to lift restrictions on import.政府已經(jīng)同意撤銷對進(jìn)口的限制。 impose/place a restriction on sth. 對某事實(shí)行限制 restrict vt.限制，約束 restricted adj.受限制的，受約束的 restrictedly adv.有限地；受約束地 restrictive adj.限制(性)的，限定(性)的That country has placed restrictions on press freedom.該國對新聞自由實(shí)行了限制。 (2)limit側(cè)重于“有限制，不許超過預(yù)先定下的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、界限、數(shù)量等”的含義。 Your composition must be limited to 150 words. 你的作文不得超過150字。date back (to.)追溯到；遠(yuǎn)在年代 The college dates back to the Middle Ages. 這所學(xué)?？勺匪莸街惺兰o(jì)。 The custom dates from hundreds of years. 這一習(xí)俗流傳了幾百年。set up 資助；(使)開始(從事某種職業(yè)) Johns parents set him up as a carpenter. 約翰的父母使他從事木工職業(yè)。set up的主要用法：(1)建立、創(chuàng)立、成立(相當(dāng)于found，establish)(2)樹立(榜樣)(3)set oneself up as sb.自認(rèn)為，自稱 They will set up a new training center. 他們要成立一個(gè)新的培訓(xùn)中心。 They set up an example to us. 他們?yōu)槲覀儤淞⒘税駱印?He likes to set himself up as an intellectual. 他喜歡自命為知識(shí)分子。 由set構(gòu)成的常見短語： set aside 留出 set about (doing) sth. 開始(做)某事 set off引起；導(dǎo)致發(fā)生；引起爆炸 set out著手做；出發(fā)；陳述；闡明 set.free 釋放 set fire to放火燒 set sail起航Careless smoking may set off fires.粗心吸煙會(huì)引發(fā)火災(zāi)。come across偶然遇見；被理解；使產(chǎn)生印象 I came across children sleeping under bridge. 我偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)睡在橋下的孩子。 I came across the book in the drawer. 我在抽屜里偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了這本書。Many questions came up at the meeting.會(huì)上提出了許多問題。appeal to (1)向呼吁/請求 The victims families of the murder have appealed to the Supreme Court to have a definitive answer. 被害者的家屬已經(jīng)請求最高法院對這次謀殺案作出確切的答復(fù)。 (2)投合的心意；引起的興趣 Does the idea of working for a venture company appeal to you？你有沒有興趣到合資企業(yè)去工作？ The idea appealed to Mary. 這主意正合瑪麗的心意。 (3)上訴；訴諸appeal to arms/force訴諸武力appeal to the law訴諸法律appeal to another court向另一法院上訴 We will appeal to a great variety of sources of information.我們將求助于多種資料來源。 These subjects have lost their appeal for most students. 對多數(shù)學(xué)生來說，這些學(xué)科已經(jīng)失去了吸引力。appeal to sb.for sth.為某事而向某人呼吁appeal to sb.to do sth.呼吁某人做某事，懇求某人做某事appeal against(對判決不服而)上訴make an appeal to sb.向某人提出呼吁lose ones appeal for失去對的吸引力appealing adj.有吸引力的；有感染力的 完成句子 1他正隔著一段距離同他的一位朋友談話。 He is standing _，talking to a friend of his. 答案：at a distance 2你的陳述與剩下的證據(jù)相沖突。 Your statement is_the rest of the evidence. 答案：in conflict with 3We _(拋錨) a few yards offshore. 答案：dropped anchor 4In our village，there is a tower _(追溯到) several centuries. 答案：dating from/back to 5政府正呼吁每個(gè)人節(jié)約用水。 The government is_to save water. 答案：appealing to everyone 6小孩喜歡鮮艷的顏色。 Bright colours_. 答案：appeal to small childrenCollecting “exotic” plants，as they are called，dates back to the earliest times. 收集所謂“異國”植物要追溯到很久以前。 (1)Collecting “exotic” plants是動(dòng)名詞短語作主語。動(dòng)名詞作主語往往表示一般抽象的行為，用于泛指。動(dòng)名詞短語作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。 Working with you is a pleasure. 和你一起工作是一種樂趣。 Toms not having finished his homework made his teacher angry. 湯姆沒有完成作業(yè)使老師很生氣。動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí)，若表語為no use，no good，any good等名詞，常用it作形式主語，而將動(dòng)名詞后置。句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：It is no use/good doing sth.做某事沒有用處/沒有好處。 Its no use crying over spilt milk. 后悔無益。 Its no good complaining. 抱怨是沒用的。 Its no use crying. 哭是沒有用的。 (2)as they are called是as引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)定語從句。 Taiwan，as you know，is part of China. 如你所知，臺(tái)灣是中國的一部分。 He，as you say，is a friend of ours. 正如你所說的，他是我們的朋友。However，it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical，world 然而，直到十八和十九世紀(jì)，對植物世界的探索才“It is not untilthat”是強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句可以強(qiáng)調(diào)主語、表語、狀語。強(qiáng)調(diào)人時(shí)，that可換成who；若強(qiáng)調(diào)notuntil.句式，必須把not一起提前。 Its me that/whom he blamed. 他責(zé)怪的是我。 Was it you that I saw last night at the concert? 昨天晚上我在音樂會(huì)上見到的是你嗎？ It was what he said that disappointed me. 是他說的話令我傷心。對特殊疑問詞強(qiáng)調(diào)的句式是“疑問詞is/wasitthat句子其余部分(陳述句序)？”；對名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞強(qiáng)調(diào)的句式是“引導(dǎo)詞it is/was名詞從句其余部分”。 Who was it that won the final reward? 是誰最后獲獎(jiǎng)？ 注意：強(qiáng)調(diào)句中it不能用其他代詞更換；is/was時(shí)態(tài)與“其余部分”的時(shí)態(tài)一致，數(shù)不受被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分單復(fù)數(shù)的影響；被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是除謂語以外的任何成分，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人可用that或who，其他一律用that；被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分若是原句的主語，who/that之后的謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上與該主語一致。Cook called the bay where the Endeavour had anchored Botany bay. 庫克把“奮進(jìn)號(hào)”船的拋錨地稱為“植物灣”。 where the Endeavour had anchored是where引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞the bay。 先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞(country，school，room.)，而關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語時(shí)，一般用where引導(dǎo)定語從句。 The house where he used to live has now been turned into a museum. 他過去居住的房子現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成了博物館。 This is the school where I joined the Party. 這就是我在那兒入黨的那所學(xué)校。 (2)引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句時(shí)，where是從屬連詞，所引導(dǎo)的從句修飾主句的謂語動(dòng)詞，where前面沒有表示地點(diǎn)的名詞。 I found my books where I had left them. 我在我原來放書的地方找到了我的書。 (3)有時(shí)，where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句兼有抽象條件含義，可放在主句的前面，而where引導(dǎo)的定語從句則不能。 Where there is water，there is life. 有水的地方就有生命。Not only did Fortune introduce over 120 species of plants to Western gardens but he also shipped 20,000 tea plants from Shanghai to India， Fortune不但把120多種植物引進(jìn)到了西方的花園里，他也用船把20 000種茶樹從上海運(yùn)到了印度， not only.but also.“不但而且”可以連接兩個(gè)分句。若第一分句中的not only位于句首時(shí)，句子需要倒裝，but also引導(dǎo)的句子不用倒裝。 Not only do the staff want a pay raise，but they also demand to reduce working hours. 員工們不但要求漲工資，而且還要求縮短工作時(shí)間。 He is not only my father，but also my English teacher. 他不僅是我的父親，也是我的英語老師。notbut.不是而是not that.but that.不是而是 注意：not only.but also連接主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式根據(jù)就近一致的原則。 Not only he but also I am a student. 不但他是學(xué)生，我也是一名學(xué)生。 .完成句子 1It is no use_(你抱怨)；they wont do anything about it. 答案：your complaining 2There was a cyber cafe around here，_(我記得) 答案：as I remember .選詞填空 1It was along the Mississippi River _Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.(where，that，which) 答案：that 2Where was it_we met the first time？(that，who，which) 答案：that .判斷下列句子中where 引導(dǎo)什么從句 1Is that the small town you often refer to? Right，just the one where you know I used to worked for years. 答案：定語從句 2Make a mark where you have any doubts or questions. 答案：狀語從句謝謝觀看！謝謝觀看！