山東省濱州市2019年中考英語語法專項復習 語法一 冠詞語法考點剖析

冠詞語法考點剖析考點一 不定冠詞1基本用法(1)泛指某個人或物，意思為“一”，數(shù)量概念比one弱。A girl is looking for you.有個女孩在找你。(2)用于可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式前，表示一類人或物。A dog is a useful animal.狗是一種有用的動物。(3)用于表示時間、速度、價格等意義的名詞前，表示“每一”，相當于every或each。We have six classes a day.我們每天六節(jié)課。(4)用于序數(shù)詞前，表示“又一，再一”。The apple is delicious. Can I have a second one？這蘋果很好吃，我能再吃一個嗎？(5)用于物質(zhì)名詞前面，表示“一種、一場”等。What a heavy rain！好大的一場雨！(6)用于第一次提到的人或事物的名稱前。I saw a boy over there. He was sleeping.我看見一個男孩在那兒。他正在睡覺。(7)構(gòu)成一些固定短語。a little bit有點兒a couple of兩個all of a sudden突然 have a cold感冒have a look看一看 have a rest/break休息一下have a try試一試 have a walk散步once in a while偶爾 pay a visit to拜訪play a role發(fā)揮作用 quite a lot/few許多 不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞兩變體，a或an都表“一”?？蓴?shù)名詞首次提，何人何物不具體。某類人、物任一個，有時還要表“每一”。2a/an的辨析an用在以元音音素開頭的名詞前，如an egg。即使單詞拼寫以輔音字母開頭，如果單詞的讀音是以元音音素開頭，也要用an，如an hour。反之即使拼寫以元音字母開頭但讀音是以輔音音素開頭，加不定冠詞時也要用a，如 a university。(1)常見的以元音音素開頭的重點名詞和形容詞 animalanswerarmappleAsian easy egg eraserelephant eye education educationalengineer hour idea impoliteimportant interesting orange umbrellauncle unhappy unknown unpleasantunusual (2)常見的不定冠詞易錯短語an honest boyan houra university a useful booka usual story a European countrya UFO1(2018·廣東中考改編) new study says that going to bed late is harmful to our health.A/ BA CAn Dthe2(2018·甘肅白銀中考)The man is driving at 40 kilometers hour.Aa Ban Cthe D/3(2018·湖南郴州中考改編)My daughter seldom has breakfast.It's unhealthy habit. Breakfast is very important to health.Aa Ban Cthe D/4(2018·江蘇宿遷中考)There will be talk on good manners at the school hall this afternoon.Athe Ban Ca D/5(2018·山東濟南長清二模)Excuse me, Mary. What's that in English?It's apple. Aa Ban Cthe D/6(2018·山東濟南高新一模)Tina, do you have English pen pal?Yes, I do. I have one in Britain.Aa Ban Cthe D/7(2018·山東濟南育英中學一模)What's on the table?There's dictionary on it.Aa Ban Cthe D/考點二 定冠詞1用在特定的人或物的名詞前，表示特指。Who is the girl over there？那邊的女孩是誰？2用來指上文中已提到過的人或事物。 There is a chair in the room. An old man is sitting on the chair.房間里有一把椅子，椅子上坐著一位老人。3用于表示世界上獨一無二的事物名詞前以及普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。the sun太陽 the moon月亮the earth地球the Great Wall長城the United States美國the Pacific Ocean太平洋the Tianshan Mountains天山山脈4用在表示演奏的西洋樂器之前。The boy can play the piano.這個男孩會彈鋼琴。中國的傳統(tǒng)樂器前不加the。My father can play erhu.我爸爸會拉二胡。5用于形容詞、副詞的最高級前。Math is the most difficult subject for me.對我來說，數(shù)學是最難的科目。6用在序數(shù)詞或表示順序的其他詞前。All the students take five subjects in the first year.所有學生第一年要上五門課程。7“the形容詞”或“the可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”表示一類事物。The new is sure to replace the old.新事物一定會取代舊事物。The dog is one of the cleverest animals in the world.狗是世界上最聰明的動物之一。8用在姓氏復數(shù)形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫婦倆”。The Turners were having lunch when I got there.我到那里的時候，特納一家正在吃午飯。9用在next, last, same, only等詞前。Are you the only child？你是獨生子嗎？No. I have a sister.不是，我有一個姐姐。10構(gòu)成一些固定短語。around the world世界各地do the dishes清洗餐具go to the movies看電影take the subway乘地鐵in the countryside在鄉(xiāng)下；在農(nóng)村in the face of面對(問題、困難等)at the top of.在頂部或頂端in the end最后all the time頻繁；反復at the beginning of.在開始 at the same time同時；一起by the time .在以前by the end of在(某時間點)以前the day before yesterday前天the day after tomorrow后天get in the way of.擋的路；妨礙 on the one hand . on the other hand .一方面另一方面 the more. the more.越越；愈愈定冠詞的基本用法定冠詞用法有規(guī)律，防止遺忘很容易。特指雙方都熟悉，上文已經(jīng)被提及。世上無二僅獨一，序數(shù)詞和最高級。山河海島建筑物，姓氏復數(shù)奏樂器。少數(shù)形表人一類，方位名詞須牢記。普構(gòu)專有慣用詞，試用此訣有效率。1(2018·天津中考改編)There is an old piano in corner of the living room.Athe Ban Ca D/2(2018·四川成都中考改編)Who is boy playing soccer over there?He is my classmate, Li Ping.Aa B/ Cthe Dan3(2018·四川達州中考改編)Jim is a careless boy.Yeah.You're right.He always drops “o” when he writes the word “dangerous”Athe Ban Ca D/4(2018·浙江溫州中考)Will you go to school­leavers' party tomorrow?Certainly. I'm going with my parents.Aa Ban Cthe D/5(2018·貴州中考改編)Jane, I found an umbrella. Is it yours?No. It's Mike's. Mine is third one on the shelf.Aa Ban Cthe D/6(2018·四川眉山中考改編)Listen! Someone is playing violin.Wow! What beautiful music! I like it very much.Athe Ban Ca D/ 考點三 零冠詞1表示泛指的不可數(shù)名詞和復數(shù)名詞前。We can't live without air.我們離不開空氣。I like oranges, but my mother likes apples.我喜歡橘子，但我媽媽喜歡蘋果。2名詞前已有限定詞時。There is no pen in your schoolbag.你書包里沒有鋼筆。3表示節(jié)日、季節(jié)、月份、日期、星期的名詞前。March 8th is Women's Day.3月8日是婦女節(jié)。表示節(jié)日后面用day的時候不用the; 用festival的時候加the，如Thanksgiving Day, the Spring Festival。4表示球類、棋類、游戲、學科、語言、三餐的名詞前。What do you like for breakfast？你早餐想吃什么？Let's play basketball after school.放學后咱們打籃球吧！5by后接交通工具時。by bike騎自行車by car開汽車6構(gòu)成一些固定短語。on time準時on foot步行at noon在中午at first首先；最初by mistake錯誤地；無意中零冠詞下列情況不用冠，名詞之前代詞限。專有名詞不可數(shù)，球類、學科與三餐。復數(shù)名詞表泛指，節(jié)日、月份、星期前。顏色、語種和國名，稱呼、習語及頭銜。有些名詞前用冠詞或不用冠詞，意義有所不同。(1)at table在吃飯；at the table在桌子旁(2)in class在上課；in the class在班級中(3)go to school去上學；go to the school到那所學校去(4)go to bed上床睡覺；go to the bed到床那邊去(5)in front of在的前面；in the front of在的前部1(2018·吉林長春中考)I enjoy having breakfast with my family at home. It makes me feel relaxed.Aa Ban Cthe D/2(2018·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特中考改編)There is a chess match between a Korean player and AlphaGo.It's very amazing. Playing chess is usually a one­to­one game.Aa Ban Cthe D/3(2018·黑龍江齊齊哈爾中考改編)How long does it take us to go to your hometown from here?It takes us an hour to go to my hometown by train.Aa Ban Cthe D/4(2017·重慶中考)The boys often play basketball after school.A/ Ba Can Dthe5Those children are very naughty, but I like staying with them.Athe Ba C/ Dan6Both parents and children must try to bridge the generation gap between them.A/ Ba Cthe Dan參考答案【語法考點剖析】考點一15 BBBCB67 BA考點二16 ACACCA考點三16 DDDACA7