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1、【精品文檔】如有侵權(quán)，請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除，僅供學習與交流高三英語一輪語法：第05講 動詞和動詞短語.精品文檔.第五講動詞和動詞短語考點一動詞詞義辨析1(2013湖北高考)While intelligent people can often _ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.AsacrificeBsubstituteCsimplify Dsurvive解析：選C考查動詞辨析。句意：聰明的人常常能把復(fù)雜的事情簡單化，而愚蠢的人更可能把簡單的問題復(fù)雜化。根據(jù)句意可知，這里用simplify與后面的the simpl
2、e對應(yīng)，the complex與后面的complicate呼應(yīng)。sacrifice“犧牲”；substitute“代替”；survive“幸存”。2(2013新課標卷)Try not to cough more than you can _ since it may cause problems to your lungs.Acheck BallowCstop Dhelp解析：選D考查動詞辨析。句意：盡量不要過多咳嗽，因為咳嗽過多可能引發(fā)你的肺部問題。not more than one can help意為“能少盡量少”，符合句意。3(2013浙江高考)A good listener take
3、s part in the conversation, _ ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.Arealizing BcopyingCoffering Dmisunderstanding解析：選C考查動詞辨析。句意：善于傾聽的人在談話的時候，往往會提出想法和問題，從而使得談話能流暢地進行下去。offer“提供，主動提出”，符合句意。realize“意識到”；copy“復(fù)制”；misunderstand“誤解”?？键c二動詞短語辨析4(2013湖北高考)In much of the animal world, night is
4、 the time _ for sleep pure and simple.Aset asideBset downCset off Dset up解析：選A考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在很多動物世界里，夜晚完全是用來睡覺的時間。pure and simple“完全是，不折不扣是”。set aside“留出，撥出(時間等)”，符合句意。set down“寫下”；set off“出發(fā)，引起”；set up“建立”。5(2013湖北高考)Butterflies _ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects colle
5、ct.Acarry on Bfeed onCput on Dfocus on解析：選B考查動詞短語辨析。句意：蝴蝶以花產(chǎn)生的一種甜甜的液體為食，蜜蜂和別的昆蟲則采集這種液體。carry on“繼續(xù)”；feed on“以為食物”；put on“上演，穿上”；focus on“集中(注意力、精力等于上)”。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選B。6(2013遼寧高考)Briggs will _ as general manager when Mitchell retires.Aget away Btake overCset off Drun out解析：選B考查動詞短語辨析。句意：米切爾退休時布里格斯將接任總經(jīng)理職務(wù)
6、。take over“接管，接收”，符合句意。get away“脫身”；set off“出發(fā)”；run out“用完”。7(2013江西高考)Mother always complains that children _ their shoes very quickly.Afind out Bwash outCwear out Dset out解析：選C考查動詞短語辨析。句意：母親總是抱怨孩子們的鞋很快就穿破了。wear out“用壞，(使)磨損”，符合語境。find out“查明”；wash out“把洗掉”；set out“啟程，動身”。一、動詞詞義辨析It is thought by s
7、ome people that Ebooks might substitute traditional books in the future because of various advantages of Ebooks over paper ones.有些人認為，將來電子書籍可能取代傳統(tǒng)書籍，因為電子書籍較紙質(zhì)書籍有很多優(yōu)勢。The watch was very good, and he paid 20 percent down for it.(2013新課標卷)那塊表很不錯，他以20%的折扣價買下了它。According to scientists, our mental abiliti
8、es begin to decline from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.(2012浙江高考)根據(jù)科學家的研究，我們的智力在22歲達到最高水平后從27歲開始下降。Are you still mad at her?Not really, but I cant deny that her remarks hurt me.(2011江蘇高考)你還在生她的氣嗎？不那么生氣了，不過，我不能否認她的話傷害了我。動詞詞義辨析一直都是高考考查的重點，這類題絕大多數(shù)情況下所給的四個選項的含義各不相同，沒有關(guān)聯(lián)性，此時考查的是對題干
9、和語境的理解。近三年全國各地高考考查到的還有：sacrifice (犧牲); substitute (代替); simplify (簡化); surviveconclude; lead; avoid (避免); holdpersuade(說服); promise; invite; supportopen; narrow; widen; leavemake; turn; take; havesponsor (贊助); launch (發(fā)射); organize; plantell; remind (提醒); warn; advise二、動詞短語辨析短語動詞是由動詞與介詞、名詞或副詞結(jié)合在一起而組
10、成的。有些短語動詞相當于及物動詞，有些則相當于不及物動詞。1動詞副詞break down壞掉；分解；垮下來break up 打碎；分解；分手bring down 使降低，使下降come out 出現(xiàn)，出版，結(jié)果是cut down 砍倒；削減get over 克服make out 辨認出put away 收起；儲存set aside 撥出；置于一旁set off 出發(fā)，引爆take off 起飛，騰飛；脫掉take over 接管turn out 結(jié)果是，證明是turn down 拒絕，把音量開小work out 解出，進展順利，鍛煉身體figure out 弄清，搞明白Traditionall
11、y, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they set off on their life journey.(2013安徽高考)傳統(tǒng)上，大學生在開始他們的人生旅途之前會舉行畢業(yè)典禮來鼓勵自己。 Oldfashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters.(2013福建高考)無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)在災(zāi)難中癱瘓的時候，老式電話起到重要作用。點津“動詞副詞”搭配構(gòu)成的短語，其賓語若為代詞，應(yīng)放在動詞與副詞中間。
12、如put it on, think it over。2動詞介詞break into 破門而入believe in 信任begin with 以開始come across 偶然碰到depend on 依靠go through 從穿過see to 處理come to 共計look into 調(diào)查set about 著手做bring about 引起，導致agree with 同意，適合Im so glad youve come here to see to this matter in person.(2012湖北高考)我很高興你親自來這里處理此事。You look well. The air a
13、nd the sea foods in Sanya must agree with you, I suppose. (陜西高考)你氣色很好，我想三亞的空氣和海鮮肯定適合你。3動詞副詞介詞add up to 加起來；總共break away from 躲開；脫離catch up with 趕上；超過do away with 廢除go in for 從事；參加put up with 忍受；容忍get along with 與相處；進展get on with 與相處；進展keep out of 使不進入look forward to 盼望live up to 達到；不辜負get down to 著手
14、做come up with 想出，提出look up to 尊敬get across to 使明白，使清楚He will have to find some other work, for he cant put up with this loud noise any more.他必須找其他工作，因為他再也無法忍受這么大的噪音。A good speaker is supposed to manage to get across to the listeners what he means.一個好的演講者應(yīng)該讓聽眾明白他所表達的含義。4動詞名詞介詞catch sight of 突然發(fā)現(xiàn)make
15、use of 利用pay attention to 注意make sense of 理解take notice of 注意到take the place of 代替take part in 參加take pride in 為自豪m(xù)ake sense of 理解take advantage of 利用make room for 為騰出空間keep up with 與保持聯(lián)系James took the magazines off the little table to make room for the television.(天津高考)為給電視機騰出空間，吉姆把雜志從這張小桌子上拿走了。The
16、 school isnt the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose Ill just have to make good use of it.這所學校并不是我真正想去的學校，但既然來了，我還是想充分利用它。1.She has_tears because she needs to be “that strong one” and because now it is time to fight, she says, not to mourn.Abrought backBgiven backCheld back Dlooked back解析：選C
17、考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她已經(jīng)抑制住淚水，因為她需要成為堅強的人，她說，因為現(xiàn)在到了戰(zhàn)斗，而不是哀悼的時候。hold back“抑制住(淚水、憤怒)”；bring back“拿回來”；give back“歸還”；look back“回頭看”。2Despite the fact that all three teams _ different approaches to the problem, they were all immediate successes.Aadopted BattainedCadapted Dattached解析：選A考查動詞辨析。句意：盡管三個隊伍采取了不同的解決方法
18、，但這些方法都立刻奏效了。adopt“采納，采取”，符合句意。attain“獲得，達到”；adapt“(使)適應(yīng)，調(diào)整”；attach“連接，附上”。3(2014武昌調(diào)研)For the dance she had been looking forward to for many days, she wore her best clothes that she _ in the closet.Aset down Bset aside Cset out Dset off解析：選B句意：這場舞會她已經(jīng)期盼好久了，她穿上她留在衣柜中的最好衣服。set aside“留出，撥出”，符合題意。set do
19、wn“記下”；set out“開始，出發(fā)”；set off“出發(fā)，引起”。4He became confused because the book contains new ideas which _ what he has been taught to believe.Acontradict BassessCacknowledge Dconfirm解析：選A句意：他被弄糊涂了，因為這本書里講的新觀點駁斥了他所學的。contradict“與矛盾，駁斥”，符合題意。assess“評估”；acknowledge“承認”；confirm“證實”。5(2014武漢調(diào)研)I have decided t
20、o _ some furniture for my living room, but Im at a complete loss as to which brand to buy.Adecorate BlaunchCmaintain Dpurchase解析：選D句意：我已經(jīng)決定為我的起居室添置一些家具，但完全不知道購買什么品牌的家具。purchase“添置，購買”，符合題意。decorate“裝飾”；launch“發(fā)射”；maintain“維持，維修”。6(2014宜昌調(diào)研)They built strong walls along the borders to _ those who wan
21、ted to do them harm.Acut out Bput out Cwork out Dkeep out解析：選D句意：他們沿著邊界建起堅實的城墻，不讓想傷害他們的那些人入侵。keep out“阻止進入”，符合題意。cut out“刪去，裁剪”；put out“熄滅，出版”；work out“制訂”。7They worked hard and many saved enough money to buy their own land.In this way they came to _ the sugar industry on many parts of the Queenslan
22、d coast.Adominate BcontradictCprohibit Daccumulate解析：選A考查動詞辨析。句意：他們努力工作，很多人省下了足夠的錢買了他們自己的土地，這樣他們就控制了昆士蘭海岸很多地方的制糖業(yè)。dominate“控制，支配”，符合句意。contradict“反駁，與矛盾”；prohibit“禁止”；accumulate“積聚”。8What is most important is facing the hard times, _ the changes, and getting through to the other side where the sun i
23、s still shining just for you.Ameeting with Bagreeing withCgoing with Dcoping with解析：選D考查動詞短語辨析。句意：最重要的是正視艱難時刻，應(yīng)對變化，到達太陽仍只為你發(fā)光的那一邊。這里用cope with表示“對付，應(yīng)付”。meet with“遇見”；agree with“同意”；go with“伴隨”。9(2014湖北七市聯(lián)考)The Chinese football team had experienced a series of reforms.However, its performances in She
24、nzhen in October _ all the people, especially the crazy fans.Aknocked down Blet downCpulled down Dbrought down解析：選B考查動詞短語辨析。句意：中國足球隊已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了一系列的改革。然而，它十月份在深圳的表現(xiàn)讓所有的人失望，尤其是瘋狂的球迷們。let down“使失望”，符合句意。10WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange was in court today, and when asked for his address he said he didnt wan
25、t to _ that information.Agive out Bkeep outChold out Dbring out解析：選A考查動詞短語辨析。句意：維基解密創(chuàng)始人Julian Assange今天出庭，當法官問他住址時，他回答說，他不想公布這一信息。give out“公布，宣布”符合句意。keep out“阻止進入”；hold out“堅持”；bring out“出版”。11Most of the people present at the meeting think poorly of the proposal, which they think will_ the worseni
26、ng of the environment. Aadapt to Brefer to Csubscribe to Dcontribute to解析：選D考查動詞短語辨析。句意：大多數(shù)與會者都不看好這一提議，他們認為它會導致環(huán)境的惡化。contribute to“導致，是的原因之一”，符合句意。12Im looking for a job in which I can _ the different aspects of my experience so far.Acombine BassociateCcomprise Daccumulate解析：選A考查動詞辨析。句意：目前我正在尋找一份能綜合應(yīng)用我不同經(jīng)驗的工作。combine“(使)結(jié)合，組合，綜合”，符合句意。associate“把某人/某物與聯(lián)系起來”；comprise“構(gòu)成，組成”；accumulate“積累，積聚”。
高三英語一輪語法：第05講 動詞和動詞短語
