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英文文獻及翻譯
英文：
Massage for family development, using and maintenance
The utility model for the foot massage is an ideal plantar physiotherapy device. The existing technology, the foot massage and large there are three: First of massage, and the other is foot thorn round, and the third is mechanical vibration. One of massage with massage accurate, the advantages of moderate intensity, but requested massage personnel to have high professional quality, at the same time, but also in the implementation of special occasions, for most people, this is inconvenient; porters riding round is a thorn Thorns with the wheel, riding in the soles of the feet, legs back and forth through the learning campaign to reach the foot massage, this has not targeted massage, massage intensity difficult to grasp, and mechanical vibration massage mainly targeted at the lower limbs of human activities, the plantar Massage basically no role. This new type of foot massage to overcome the thorn round, mechanical vibration, and other technical deficiencies in the use of mechanical massage top dynamic simulation. This device is accurate to write, massage moderate intensity, smaller, self-respect light, easy-to-use features, suitable for sitting, Yang-two position in the massage.
1. A medical device is based on the principle through the foot massage
A medical device is based on the principle Through the foot massage to stimulate the reflex zones, promoting blood circulation smooth, clear the obstacles to human energy channels and enhance the endocrine balance, and promote organ, location and function of the organ systems of coordination, so as to play a natural healing ability of the human body To treatment and health effects.
2. Devices on the composition and working principle
2.1 with a foot massage from the main motor take the initiative to gear, intermediate gear, driven gear, driven gear shaft, protruding disc, foot pedal, a massage par.
2.2 The principle of the electrical power after the slowdown spread to take the initiative to gear shaft, gear and take the initiative to promote two intermediate gears were driven gear so that the protruding disc rotation. - Long massage on the drive-through massage, through the axial adjustment driven gear, were driven by long-rod, in-and short-massage, conducted in different regions of the foot massage the gradual, reaching effects of massage.
3. Devices use
Motor optional two-speed motor, two massage speed can be realized. Take the initiative to promote Middle gear gear and four driven gear shaft. Driven gear divided into two groups, a group of gear and take the initiative to gear shaft meshing of gears, another group of gear and take the initiative to gear between a middle gear, with the aim of changing gears driven by the middle of the steering gear, so that the two groups Driven gear for the left foot of his right foot counter-clockwise rotating clockwise husband, is in line with the theory of Chinese medicine on the right foot massage left-inverse theory. Each driven gear-the-axis to a protruding disc, each one for the two processes set foot. And protruding disc relative Zeta board is set up at the massage, massage-divided into long-rod, in-and short-, foot pedal their height and at the top of the foot corresponding to the convex part, contact with the ball at the top of a massage the soles of the feet , And the foot pedal in the bottom three massage at the length of 4-8 mm respectively, according to a difference in human organs in the foot massage reflection of the distribution of targeted areas, including long-rod set up to the plum blossom-shaped front end and the soles of the feet in the heel, corresponding to Massage response to the shoulder area, Xie Jiaoji, thyroid, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, liver, kidney and ureter, the mecum, appendix, ileocecal valve or colon, descending colon, rectum, anus; corresponding short - The other regional response. Cam-for-like processes, to eliminate massage corner, protruding disc on the processes in the radial configuration so that it can be in the process of rotation for all the massage at work, protruding disc on the processes in the process of turning foot pedal Of all the massage Ganding, on the same circumference as the number of processes to the processes set each week to determine the number of massage the soles of the feet. As a massage at the length of the points, so long massage at the corresponding processes than other processes low two millimeters, and to increase foot massage at the margin. Massage is also due to the installation of electricity, in addition to the electrical, other parts are used for non-metallic materials production.
4. Conclusion
From the history of medicine, massage treatment, far back in medical applications and other methods. Later, acupuncture meridians and the rise of the theory of continuous improvement, foot massage Point laid the foundation. In recent years, foot massage gradually start of the study, and rapid development, in order to make the national treasures that has been continuously carried forward, we designed a foot massage for the liberation of the manual operation of the working class, also reached a basic effect prevent and cure diseases, Hope it early access to millions of households, to the motherland to contribute to the development of Medicine.
The home massages features and maintenance
In the current family health care electronic products, Xiaoqiaolinglong, easy to carry automatic massage for a more universal application. Household automatic massage for people Huishenghuise circuit design and operation mode, can be divided into two main types of non-existing, that is, electric massage with automatic vibration and the electromagnetic automatic massage, beauty care, massage is also based on the intensity of vibration frequency High and low, its structure and were set to gentle type, strong-and adjustable-strength products such as scum.
1． the electrical automatic massage
This massage is the use of permanent magnet brush DC micro-motor powered, massage for the adjustment of the first motor through a rotation of vibration, thereby stimulating the body surface of the skin points, to a certain purpose of the role of massage therapy, massage electric motor - The Moldovan head vibration frequency, both in general have strong vibration and gentle vibration and adjust button, can change according to different needs of the motor speed to adjust aim. Motor-electric massage for the working principle is very simple, namely, the use of motor rotation adjustment, directly driven mechanical hammer He eccentric, thereby contributing to loss of balance and generate the electrical vibration, while the high-frequency vibration, through the buffer body will be set up for massage First, into the flat and gentle vibration.
Auto-Motor-massage as a circuit structure is simple and low-voltage direct current power supply, so if the day-to-day use in a number of small failure, not able to detect repairs. The most common failure is that when the electrical power switch has been open rotation, but its not the first vibration massage, the cause of the malfunction is very simple, that is usually used inadvertently in the course of collision or fall, resulting in the partial motor shaft and eccentric hammer And the loose connection between the shift so that the vibration first unable to work, could be more open-shell, the motor drive shaft and the eccentric head into the shaft to the original card to a fixed location.
Another common question is: Massage for the first vibration faster, slower, especially when the first massage and skin pressure, the motor speed decreased significantly, the investigation of its main reasons: First, the use batteries trial, followed by the Motor Commentator and brush between the connection is bad and brush caused by wear and tear may generally be open after the re-adjustment of motor shell brush and commentator gap between the pressure and, if the brush wear no special allocation for Brush, Should be replaced with models DC motor.
2． electromagnetic vibration with automatic massage
This electromagnetic vibration massage for the working principle is: the use of 220 V AC power through the core coil to produce a certain alternating electromagnetic field, and then using magnetic strength of the changes driven by vibration-driven, so that massage is the first generation of high frequency The vibration. Massage the first of its vibration strength conditioning, the main change is dependent on a few core line Loop or adjust the spacing between the core to achieve.
Electromagnetic vibration automatic massage for the day-to-day use, the most easily lead to the breakdown is: When connected to power, its vibration massage is not the first vibration, but in the case of "humming" Zhi electromagnetic noise, the investigation and is due to Spring Vibration-living close to the core, so that it can not produce steel spring-vibration. The method is ruled out: re-adjustment from both sides of the gap, of course, pay attention to the adjustment from the gap can not be too big or too small, it can affect the magnetic field suction and vibration effects, should be adjusted side-trial until the vibration amplitude and frequency have resumed normal.
In addition, because of the vibration within the steel-spring vibration frequent sometimes occurs steel fracture phenomenon. Once a vibration steel fracture, in the absence of accessories for the replacement, can be spring-in spot welding machine stitching on the spot welding after use. Of course, you can find a gate thickness and flexibility of the sheet metal materials, processed by tailoring imitation into the original shape after the replacement.
Household automatic massage for both the electric and magnetic resonance massage, although is a very simple Huishenghuise small appliances health treatment appliances, but in real life in use also pay attention to safeguarding and maintenance. Especially in the humid air heavier use the occasion of electromagnetic vibration massage, electrical appliances should be exposed to moisture to prevent the leakage of electric shocks arising from wet accidents. In the use of motor massage is, not to massage the skin on the head too heavy pressure, otherwise very easy to increase the electrical current after burning motor. Massage is in use if the noise generated excessive noise and unusual hybrid, the power should be closed promptly check cause of the malfunction. At the same time have the right to use a certain time limit, if prolonged use easy to make the electrical, magnetic coils and other parts with a high fever massage damage.
How scientific is the use of mechanical massage
Electronic massage with a vibration under the principle of divided into different electromagnetic and electrical-two, in general, for fitness, choice of electric or stall the weak electromagnetic massage, for the treatment, according to the nature of the disease And the different select the appropriate massage, in terms of age, the elderly to use electromagnetic massage, and middle-aged and young are the best choice for electric massage.
Here to explain is that the electronic massage is not for everyone safe, it also has its own anti-disease and contraindications. In order to avoid undesirable consequences, in fasting, Baoshi, drunkenness and after strenuous exercise, is prohibited use, for various reasons at this time massage, will further speed up the flow of blood, stomach wiggle enhance smooth muscle, causing nausea, vomiting, chest tightness , Shortness of breath and other discomfort; second, a string boil, carbuncle and the tumor site, it is not appropriate to use, because this will stimulate telangiectasia, local blood volume increase, leading to lesions increase the spread of disease; Third, in the fracture and The early joint dislocation, can not be used, because this will cause displacement of the original displacement or even increase, its fourth, skin diseases, infectious diseases, lymphadenitis, to anti-blood patients, if it is hypertension, anemia patients, especially Do not pay attention to the Janice artery on the massage, so as not to speed up the blood, the incident occurred; their five, pregnant women and children do not have the best, especially pregnant women and lumbosacral the abdomen, after stimulation will cause miscarriage or premature birth, the women's menstrual period to Anti, for various reasons will cause menstrual disorder will affect the use of infant and child growth and development, if the newborn in Xin door is not closed before the use of a life-threatening. Also rely on such a massage is to improve sexual function, but also benefit less harm, the time used for a long time, not only will lead to impotence, and will have a dependent.
Mechanical massage to replace the manual massage?
In recent years, various medical and health care equipment, in particular the electronic health-care equipment more and more ordinary people into the home, as this Lou household electrical appliances and medical frequent contacts between the human body, its safety performance also very important, especially some irresponsible ad To exaggerate the publicity, said that "Baozhibaibing", "alternative massage" and so on, made many consumers Buzhisuoyun. Then, electronic medical massage machine is "simulation" to what extent ? Massage and massage effect on the what is the difference between what ? E-massage machines can replace massage and self-massage
We know that the current market for sales of massage can be broadly divided into two categories, one is the simulation of the finger or palm, and other positions, impose push, take, press, kneading until action to mechanical forces acting on the body surface, A dredge Meridian, Shujinhuoxue, Song Jie Ji cramps, and other role is another electrode contact with the body panels, and the output of various types of electromagnetic waves, learning to stimulate the human body through the surface of the peripheral nerves, so that local telangiectasia, Blood faster, thus promoting blood circulation Quyu played, adjust the body's functions, etc. As for the role of massage machines there is a certain preventive health care functions, bring convenience to the families, the small wound on the disease which can also play a treatment Role. However, no matter how massage equipment, "simulation", are not comparable to the way doctors massage treatment.
We all know that massage practitioners in the treatment of diseases before they have to make a clear diagnosis, may be used symptomatic treatment of massage practices, this is also a qualified doctor must be professional liability. "Doctors in the Kam," said General tactics "to hand the measures, since the note their situation" and experienced doctors to massage the muscles, tendon, ligament damage, you can use the pad inexpensive way to ask straight organizations Straighten out and then be fixed to reduce the pain or disappeared. Such as patients with lumbar disc herniation, with appropriate way to highlight the reduction of the nucleus back satisfied that the lifting of the nucleus of nerve root stimulation and oppression, to ease or eliminate the pain; Also, after spinal arthritis patients with dislocation, spinous process of partial re - Waixiang side, doctors use oblique pull law or reduction of rotation to be corrected, so that the final elimination of pain; have sacroiliac joint in the wrong joints, the joint worship of Waterloo incarcerated extrusion and local soft-tissue pain caused traction Nanren , The doctor pull through the ramp of the hip and knee Shenqu a passive activity, or disappeared, and so on, these are not replaced by massage equipment.
譯文：
家庭按摩器的研制、使用與維護
本實用新型的足底按摩器是一種理想的足底理療裝置。在現有技術中，對足底按摩的方法大致有三種：一是人工按摩，二是腳踏刺輪，三是機械振動。其中人工按摩具有按摩準確，力度適中的優(yōu)點，但要求按摩人員具備較高的專業(yè)素質，同時，也需要在專門的場合實施，這對大多數人來說是不方便的；腳夫踏刺輪是一種帶刺的滾輪，踏在腳底，通過學習腳的往復運動來達到對足底的按摩，這種按摩沒有針對性，按摩力度不易掌握；而機械振動按摩主要針對的是人體下肢的活動，對足底基本沒有按摩作用。本新型按摩克服了腳踏刺輪、機械振動等技術中的不足，采用機械頂動模擬人工按摩。本裝置具有寫信準確，按摩力度適中，體積較小，自重輕，使用方便等特點，適宜坐位、仰位兩種姿勢的按摩。
1 裝置所依據的醫(yī)學原理
通過對腳部反射區(qū)的按摩刺激，促進血液循環(huán)的順暢，疏通人體能源管道的障礙，增進內分泌的平衡，促進器官、部位功能與各器官系統(tǒng)間的協(xié)調，從而發(fā)揮出人體自然的自愈能力，達到治療與保健的效果。
2 裝置的構成及工作原理
2.1 構成 足底按摩器主要由電機、主動齒輪、中間齒輪、從動齒輪、從動齒輪軸、突起盤、足踏板、按摩桿構成。
2.2 原理 電機的動力經減速后傳至主動齒輪軸，由主動齒輪和中間齒輪分別帶動兩個從動齒輪，使突起盤轉動。盤上穿越驅使長按摩桿進行按摩，通過軸向調節(jié)從動齒輪，可依次驅使長桿、中桿、短桿進行按摩，從而對足底進行不同區(qū)域的循序按摩，達到人工按摩效果。
3 裝置的使用
電機選用雙速電機，可實現兩種按摩速度。主動齒輪帶動中間齒輪及四個從動齒輪軸。從動齒輪分為兩組，一組齒輪與主動齒輪軸上的齒輪嚙合，另一組齒輪與主動齒輪之間設有中間齒輪，其目的是通過中間齒輪轉變從動齒輪的轉向，使兩組從動齒輪相對于左腳夫順時針右腳逆時針轉動，正好符合中醫(yī)理論中關于足部按摩左順右逆的理論。每個從動齒輪軸上端各固接一個突起盤，每兩個突起盤對應一個足底。與突起盤相對的是足踏板上設置的按摩桿，按摩桿分為長桿、中桿、短桿，它們在足踏板上方的高度與足底的凹凸部位相對應，頂部有按摩球接觸腳底，而在足踏板下方三種按摩桿的長度分別相差4-8毫米并根據人體器官在足底按摩反射區(qū)的分布進行配置，其中，長桿以梅花狀設置在腳底前端和腳后跟處，所對應的按摩反應區(qū)為肩、斜角肌、甲狀腺、胃、十二指腸、胰腺、肝、腎、輸尿管、盲腸、闌尾、回盲瓣、升結腸、降結腸、直腸、肛門；短桿對應的是其它反應區(qū)域。突起盤為凸輪狀，以消除按摩死角，突起盤上的突起在徑向上的配置可使其在轉動的過程中對所有的按摩桿起作用，突起盤上的突起在在轉動過程中將足踏板上的所有的按摩桿頂起，而在同一圓周上的突起數量視突起盤每轉一周對腳底的按摩次數確定。由于按摩桿有長短之分，所以對應長按摩桿的突起比其它突起低2毫米，以增加足底與按摩桿間的裕度。又由于本按摩器屬于用電裝置，所以除電機外，其它部件均采用非金屬材料制作。
4 結束語
從醫(yī)學發(fā)展史來看，按摩治病，遠遠早于應用工具和其它醫(yī)療方法。到后來，針灸療法的興起及經絡學說的不斷完善，為腳部穴位按摩奠定了基礎。近年來，足部按摩的研究逐漸展開，而且發(fā)展迅速，為了使祖國這一民族瑰寶不斷發(fā)揚光大，我們設計的足底按摩器解放了手工操作的勞苦，又基本達到了防病治病的效果，希望它早日進入千家萬戶，為祖國醫(yī)學的發(fā)展做出貢獻。
家用按摩器的特點及維護
在目前家庭醫(yī)療保健電子類產品中，小巧玲瓏、攜帶方便的自動式按摩器的應用較為普及。家用自動式按摩器人電路設計繪聲繪色及運行工作模式，可分為不現有兩大類型，即電動式自動按摩器與電磁振動式自動按摩、保健美容等，同時又根據按摩器振動頻率的強度高低，其結構又分別設置為柔和型、強力型以及強弱可調型等敗類產品。
一、 電機式自動按摩器
這種按摩器是采用永磁電刷式直流微型電機作動力，其按摩器頭通過電機的調整旋轉面產生振動，從而刺激人體表面皮膚穴位，達到目的一定的理療按摩作用，同時電機式電動按摩器的摩頭振動頻率，一般均調有強振動與柔和式振動和調節(jié)按鈕，亦可根據不同需要改變電動機的轉速達到調節(jié)目的。電機式電動按摩器的工作原理很簡單，即利用直流電機的調整旋轉，直接帶動機械偏心錘盍，從而促使電機失去平衡而產生振動，同時高頻的振動，又通過設置的緩沖體將按摩器頭，變?yōu)榘雌教苟秩岷偷恼駝釉础?
電機式自動按摩器由于電路結構簡單并采用直流低電壓供電，所以在日常使用中若產生一些小故障問題，無法能夠自行檢測修理。最常見的故障是，當打開電源開關電機已轉動，但其按摩頭不振動，產生的故障原因很簡單，即在平時使用過程中不慎碰撞或跌落，從而造成電機的偏軸與偏心錘之間連接松脫及移位，使振動頭無法工作，些時可打開機殼體，將電機傳動軸頭與偏心軸重新卡入原固定位置內即可。
另一種常見問題是：按摩器頭振動時快時慢，特別是當按摩頭與皮膚重壓時，其電機轉速明顯下降，查其主要原因：一是由于采用干電池試用；其次是電機電刷與換向器間接觸不良及電刷磨損所引起，一般可拆開電機外殼后重新調整電刷與換向器之間的間隙及壓力，如果電刷磨損嚴重無專用電刷配換，則應更換同型號直流電機。
二、 電磁振動式自動按摩器
這種電磁振動工按摩器的工作原理是：利用220V的交流電源通過磁芯線圈，以產生一定的交變電磁場，然后利用磁力強弱的變化驅使帶動振動片，從而使按摩器頭產生高頻率的振動。其按摩頭的振動強弱調節(jié)，主要是依賴改變磁芯線圈圈數或者調節(jié)鐵心之間的間距來實現。
電磁振動式自動按摩器在日常使用中，最容易產生的故障是：當接通電源后，其振動按摩頭不振動，但機殼體內有“嗡嗡”的電磁吱響聲，查其原因是由于振動彈簧片緊貼住了鐵芯處，使之鋼質彈簧片無法產生振動。排除的方法是：重新調整兩側距離的間隙，當然調整時注意間隙距離不可太大或太小，否則均會影響磁場吸力和振動效果，應邊調整邊試用，直至振動幅度和頻率恢復正常為止。
另外，由于機內的振動鋼質彈簧片振動頻繁，有時會發(fā)生鋼片斷裂現象。一旦產生振動鋼片斷裂，在無專用配件更換時，可將彈簧片在點焊機上拼接點焊后再使用。當然也可以找柵厚度及彈性的金屬材料薄片，經剪裁加工后仿制成原形狀后換用。
家用自動按摩器無論是電動式還是磁振式按摩器，雖然都是一種繪聲繪色很簡單的小家電保健理療電器用品，但在實際生活使用中還就注意維護和保養(yǎng)。特別是在潮濕氣較重的場合使用電磁振動式按摩器，應防止電器受潮受濕而產生漏電電擊事故。在使用電機式按摩器時，不要將按摩頭在皮膚上壓力過重，否則很容易使電機電流增大后燒毀電機。按摩器在使用中若產生噪聲過大及異常雜響聲，應關閉電源及時檢查故障原因。同時正確掌握一定的使用時間限度，如果長時間使用易使電機、磁力線圈等部位產生高熱而使按摩器受到損壞。
如何科學使用機械按摩器
電子按摩器根據產生振動的原理不同分為電磁式和電動式兩種，一般來說，用于健身時，可選用電動式或弱檔的電磁式按摩器，用于理療時，就根據病癥性質的不同而選擇相應的按摩器，在年齡段上講，老年人宜使用電磁式按摩器，而中青年則最好選用電動式按摩器。
在這里要交代的是，電子按摩器不是人人皆宜的，它也有它的慎用癥和禁忌癥。為了避免發(fā)生不良后果，在空腹、飽食、醉酒和劇烈運動后，嚴禁使用，因為種種原因這時按摩，可使血液流速進一步加快，胃部平滑肌蠕動增強，造成惡心、嘔吐、胸悶、氣促等不適；其二，串有癤、癰以及腫瘤的部位，不宜使用，因為這樣刺激會使毛細血管擴張，局部血液量增加，導致病變部位擴散而加重病情；其三，在骨折和關節(jié)脫位的早期，不能使用，因為這會造成骨移位甚至使原來的移位加重；其四，皮膚病、傳染病、淋巴結炎、血液病患者要慎用，如果是高血壓、貧血病患者，特別注意不要在頸側動脈上按摩，以免血液加速，發(fā)生意外事故；其五，孕婦及兒童最好不用，尤其是孕婦的腹部和腰骶部，刺激后會造成流產或早產，月經期的婦女要慎用，因為種種原因會造成月經紊亂；嬰幼兒使用會影響生長發(fā)育，如果新生兒在囟門未閉合前使用會有生命危險。還有人依靠這樣的按摩器來提高性功能，也是利少害多，時間用久了，不僅會導致陽痿，且會產生依賴性。
機械按摩能代替人工按摩嗎
近年來，各種醫(yī)療保健器械，尤其是電子醫(yī)療保健器械越來越多地進入尋常百姓家，由于這婁家用醫(yī)療電器與人體接觸頻繁，其安全性能也就非常重要，特別是一些不負責任的廣告商夸大宣傳，說能“包治百病”、“替代按摩師”等等，弄得許多消費者不知所云。那么，電子醫(yī)療按摩機器究竟“仿真”到什么程度？與按摩師按摩在療效上究竟有什么區(qū)別？電子按摩機器能否替代按摩師和自我按摩？
我們知道，目前市場上銷售的按摩器大致可分為兩大類，一類是模擬人的手指或手掌等部位，施以推、拿、按、揉等到動作，以機械力量作用于人體表面，起到疏通經絡、舒筋活血、松解肌痙攣等作用；另一類是以電極板接觸人體，并輸出各種類型的電磁波，通過學習刺激人體體表的末梢神經，使局部毛細血管擴張，血液速度加快，從而起到活血祛瘀，調整人體的功能等；至于按摩機器的作用是有其一定的預防保健功能，給家庭帶來方便，對于小傷小病也能起到一這的治療作用。但是，無論按摩器械如何“仿真”，目前都不能比擬按摩醫(yī)生的手法治療作用。
大家知道，按摩醫(yī)生在治療前必須對疾病要作出明確診斷，方可采用對癥按摩手法治療，這也是取得職業(yè)資格的醫(yī)生必須負的法律責任?！夺t(yī)宗金鑒》手法總論中說“以手措之，自悉其情”，有經驗的按摩醫(yī)生對肌肉、肌腱、韌帶的損傷，可使用相宜的理盤手法，使其組織撫直理順，然后加以固定，使疼痛減輕或消失。如腰椎間盤突出患者，用適宜的復位手法促使突出的髓核回納，解除髓核對神經根的刺激和壓迫關系，使疼痛緩解或消除；又如脊柱后關節(jié)炎錯位患者，致再棘突偏歪向一邊，醫(yī)生采用斜扳法或旋轉復位法予以糾正，最后使疼痛癥狀消除；還有骶髂關節(jié)錯縫患者，因關節(jié)滑膜拜的嵌頓擠壓及局部軟組織牽拉而致疼痛難忍，醫(yī)生通過斜扳法及伸屈髖膝的被動活動，或消