0020-4座微型客貨兩用車設計（總體設計）【CAD圖紙+文檔】

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汽車總體設計相關(guān)參數(shù)的設計計算 肖飛平初選參數(shù)幾何參數(shù)外廓尺寸貨箱尺寸長3860長1400寬 1400寬1375高1815高430軸 距2500前懸480 前輪距1280后懸880后輪距1290車頭長 2460質(zhì)量參數(shù)整備質(zhì)量880載人數(shù)4 質(zhì)量260載質(zhì)量500最大裝載質(zhì)量 760總質(zhì)量1640性能參數(shù)最小轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑=9.5最高車速95最大爬坡度30%爬坡角度16.69924452輪胎參數(shù)型號155R12LT 負荷指數(shù)77%許用輪輞4.00b/5.00b外直徑553負荷靜半徑249最大斷面寬度163負荷能力412發(fā)動機參數(shù)型號(汽油機)JL465Q1最大轉(zhuǎn)矩72最大功率32.5最高轉(zhuǎn)速 5500Tmax對應轉(zhuǎn)速 4500排量0.97校核Pmax22.518293Tmax52.56220038傳動效率t89.37600%計算參數(shù) 主減速比i06.1419253修正后i05.571 變速器參數(shù)ig41檔位數(shù)4ig13.613554檔位分配比q1.534539891ig22.3548127ig31.534539891修正后ig13.504修正后ig22.483修正后ig31.56修正后ig41發(fā)動機與動力性轉(zhuǎn)速轉(zhuǎn)矩M n/m 功率p kw 油耗g/kwh2500406 143.382353280046914231005312140.534005916139.23700651913840006922.5137.543007125137.246007227 137.00980449006728137.652005929141.555004829 149.117647各檔車速轉(zhuǎn)速1檔2檔3檔4檔250012.939542 18.26023 29.064201545.34015437280014.492287 20.45146 32.551905750.7809729310016.045032 22.64269 36.039609956.22179142340017.597777 24.83391 39.527314161.66260994370019.150522 27.02514 43.015018267.10342847400020.703267 29.21637 46.502722472.54424699430022.25601231.4076 49.990426677.98506552460023.808757 33.59883 53.478130883.42588404490025.361502 35.7900556.96583588.86670257520026.914247 37.98128 60.453539294.30752109550028.466992 40.17251 63.941243399.74833962各檔驅(qū)動力Ft轉(zhuǎn)速1檔2檔3檔4檔25002604.0143 1845.253 1159.32144743.154770128002994.6165 2122.041 1333.21966854.627985731003450.319 2444.961 1536.10091984.680070434003840.9211 2721.749 1709.999131096.15328637004231.5233 2998.537 1883.897341207.62650140004491.9247 3183.062 1999.829491281.94197943004622.1254 3275.325 2057.795561319.09971746004687.2258 3321.456 2086.778591337.67858649004361.724 3090.799 1941.863411244.7842452003840.9211 2721.749 1709.999131096.15328655003124.8172 2214.304 1391.18573891.7857242各檔車速 25002800310034003700400043004600490052005500020406080100120發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)速 n 轉(zhuǎn)/min車速 Ua m/s1檔2檔3檔4檔驅(qū)動力-阻力平衡圖11010090807060504030201000500100015002000250030003500400045005000車速Ua km/hFt N1檔2檔3檔4檔1檔阻力2檔阻力3檔阻力4檔阻力外特性25002800310034003700400043004600490052005500020406080100120140160轉(zhuǎn)速轉(zhuǎn)矩T功率p比油耗附著條件計算附著力F23625.84Ftmax4687.2258空氣阻力Fw轉(zhuǎn)速1檔2檔3檔4檔25009.927717419.7708 50.0873901121.8926727280012.453329 24.80049 62.8296222152.9021686310015.264858 30.39958 77.0143711187.4221735340018.362306 36.56806 92.6416368225.4526873370021.745672 43.30595 109.711419266.9937102400025.414956 50.61324 128.223719312.045242430029.370159 58.48992 148.178535360.6072828460033.61128 66.93601 169.575868412.6798325490038.138319 75.95149 192.415718468.2628913520042.951276 85.53637 216.698085527.356459550048.050152 95.69065 242.422968589.9605357滾動阻力Ff1檔2檔3檔轉(zhuǎn)速滾阻系數(shù)f 滾動阻力Ff滾阻系數(shù)f滾動阻力Ff滾阻系數(shù)f25000.012794 205.6244 0.01332602214.1758438 0.014406428000.0129492208.12 0.01354515217.697585 0.014755231000.0131045 210.6156 0.01376427221.21932630.01510434000.0132598 213.1111 0.01398339224.7410675 0.015452737000.0134151 215.6067 0.01420251228.2628088 0.015801540000.0135703 218.1023 0.01442164231.78455 0.016150343000.0137256 220.5979 0.01464076235.30629130.01649946000.0138809 223.0934 0.01485988238.8280326 0.016847849000.0140362225.589 0.01507901242.3497738 0.017196652000.0141914 228.0846 0.01529813245.8715151 0.017545455000.0143467 230.5801 0.01551725249.3932563 0.0178941動力因數(shù)的計算轉(zhuǎn)速1檔2檔3檔4檔25000.1614041 0.113582 0.069016550.03865493428000.18555020.13049 0.079043680.043661387 31000.2137291 0.150234 0.090784380.04960539434000.2378396 0.1670720.1006320.05417537000.2619324 0.183874 0.110389870.058526182空氣阻力Fw11010090807060504030201000100200300400500600700車速 Ua km/hFw1檔2檔3檔4檔因數(shù) D0110100908070605040302010000.050.10.150.20.250.30.35車速 UaD01檔2檔3檔4檔驅(qū)動力-阻力平衡圖11010090807060504030201000500100015002000250030003500400045005000車速Ua km/hFt N1檔2檔3檔4檔1檔阻力2檔阻力3檔阻力4檔阻力40000.2779063 0.194901 0.116451330.060346985 43000.2857613 0.200151 0.118816390.05963740946000.2895479 0.202496 0.119288370.05755343249000.2690135 0.187584 0.108850650.04831516652000.2363097 0.164025 0.092913210.03539054455000.19143650.13182 0.071476030.018779566D0max0.2895479 0.202496 0.119288370.060346985最大爬坡度a 1檔1檔2檔3檔4檔D0max0.2895479 0.202496 0.119288370.060346985f0.01388090.01486 0.016499040.018754425max()16.03396 10.83032 5.904857932.384697204加速度計算回轉(zhuǎn)質(zhì)量換算系數(shù)檔位1檔2檔3檔4檔1.5211206 1.2766121.1273441.03 加速度轉(zhuǎn)速1檔2檔3檔4檔 25000.9574384 0.769619 0.474725820.21522815628001.1120023 0.897738 0.558859760.25768567231001.29254771.04762 0.657889780.309063634001.4468824 1.175195 0.740463270.347364737001.6011025 1.302499 0.822256530.38358759240001.7030157 1.385463 0.871916970.39573503643001.7526221 1.424086 0.889444580.38380703146001.7760177 1.440404 0.890515660.35880219849001.6427221 1.324246 0.796748710.26572743652001.4310234 1.141714 0.655172640.13757860555001.1409219 0.892807 0.46578744-0.025644295轉(zhuǎn)速1檔 1/j2檔 1/j1檔 2/j1檔 2/j25001.0444536 1.299345 2.106479054.64623224928000.8992787 1.113911 1.789357663.88069694231000.7736658 0.954545 1.520011453.23557998634000.6911412 0.850922 1.350505882.87881871437000.6245696 0.767755 1.216165472.60696649240000.5871936 0.7217811.14689822.52694330643000.5705737 0.702205 1.124297152.60547597946000.56305740.69425 1.122944882.78705093149000.6087457 0.755147 1.255100873.7632546252000.6988006 0.875876 1.526315267.268572043加速度曲線1101009080706050403020100-0.500.511.52車速 Ua km/h加速度 a1檔2檔3檔4檔1009080706050403020100012345678ua1/a1檔2檔3檔4檔 因數(shù) D0110100908070605040302010000.050.10.150.20.250.30.35車速 UaD01檔2檔3檔4檔55000.8764842 1.120062 2.14690201-38.99502812加速時間 圖解法T47.2加速阻力 轉(zhuǎn)速1檔 Fj N2檔 Fj N 1檔 Fj N1檔 Fj N25002404.1642 2020.236 1785.856451695.81496128002792.28 2346.373 2074.155871969.57854731003245.6363 2727.331 2410.917142289.36057134003633.1765 3052.984 2698.788992562.71815137004020.429 3378.395 2986.447072835.87272940004276.3369 3593.436 3176.540113016.38142443004400.9004 3698.108 3269.068113104.24423546004459.6477 3747.4743312.70673145.68260449004124.9373 3466.214 3064.077752909.5893352003593.354 3019.521 2669.208132534.62873355002864.898 2407.394 2128.097852020.800813最高車速轉(zhuǎn)速Fw+Ff 1檔 Fw+Ff 2檔Fw+Ff 3檔Fw+Ff 4檔Ft2500215.55215 233.9466 281.627375379.5913688 743.154772800220.57333 242.4981 299.975045419.3453482 854.627993100225.88043 251.6189 319.765232462.6098366 984.680073400231.47345 261.3091 340.997936509.384834 1096.15333700237.35239 271.5688 363.673157559.6703404 1207.62654000243.51725 282.3978 387.790894613.46635581281.9424300249.96802 293.7962 413.351149670.7728801 1319.09974600256.70471305.764440.35392731.5899134 1337.67864900263.72732 318.3013 468.799208795.9174556 1244.78425200271.03585 331.4079 498.687013863.7555069 1096.15335500278.6303345.0839 530.017335935.1040671 891.78572最高車速時的功率Vmax km/h96.5Ft N870P kw23.3208331009080706050403020100012345678ua1/a1檔2檔3檔4檔 標準標準人m(kg)65最高轉(zhuǎn)速時=P/N1.05汽油1.0-1.1柴油機近于1總重量 N16072滾動阻力系數(shù)f0.011f一般瀝青混凝土0.018-0.024-6檔變速器t95%單級主減速器t96%傳動軸和萬向節(jié)t 98%空氣阻力系數(shù)CD0.6乘用車0.3-0.35貨車0.8-1客車0.6-0.7迎風面積 m22.1附著系數(shù)0.5一般值0.5-0.6系數(shù)10.04一般0.04-0.06系數(shù)20.03一般0.03-0.05滾動阻力系數(shù)fr0.014乘用車0.0165貨車0.014礦用自卸0.03轉(zhuǎn)矩適應性系數(shù) 1.1一般1.1-1.3斷面館寬度157滾動半徑268充氣壓240各檔車速 25002800310034003700400043004600490052005500020406080100120發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)速 n 轉(zhuǎn)/min車速 Ua m/s1檔2檔3檔4檔驅(qū)動力-阻力平衡圖11010090807060504030201000500100015002000250030003500400045005000車速Ua km/hFt N1檔2檔3檔4檔1檔阻力2檔阻力3檔阻力4檔阻力外特性25002800310034003700400043004600490052005500020406080100120140160轉(zhuǎn)速轉(zhuǎn)矩T功率p比油耗4檔滾動阻力Ff滾阻系數(shù)f滾動阻力Ff231.539980.016034015 257.6987237.145420.016578097 266.4432242.750860.017122179 275.1877248.35630.017666261 283.9321253.961740.018210343 292.6766259.567180.018754425 301.4211265.172610.019298507 310.1656270.778050.019842588 318.9101276.383490.02038667 327.6546281.988930.020930752336.399287.594370.021474834 345.1435滾動阻力Ff1101009080706050403020100050100150200250300350400車速UaFf1檔2檔3檔4檔驅(qū)動力-阻力平衡圖11010090807060504030201000500100015002000250030003500400045005000車速Ua km/hFt N1檔2檔3檔4檔1檔阻力2檔阻力3檔阻力4檔阻力3檔空氣阻力Fw11010090807060504030201000100200300400500600700車速 Ua km/hFw1檔2檔3檔4檔因數(shù) D0110100908070605040302010000.050.10.150.20.250.30.35車速 UaD01檔2檔3檔4檔因數(shù) D0110100908070605040302010000.050.10.150.20.250.30.35車速 UaD01檔2檔3檔4檔加速度曲線1101009080706050403020100-0.500.511.52車速 Ua km/h加速度 a1檔2檔3檔4檔1009080706050403020100012345678ua1/a1檔2檔3檔4檔 最高車速 110100908070605040302010002004006008001000120014001600車速 km/h力 N阻力驅(qū)動力1009080706050403020100012345678ua1/a1檔2檔3檔4檔 滾動阻力Ff1101009080706050403020100050100150200250300350400車速UaFf1檔2檔3檔4檔