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題 目
院(系)、部: 機(jī)械工程系
學(xué)生姓名: 劉寸法
指導(dǎo)教師: 劉吉兆 職稱 教授
專 業(yè): 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)
班 級(jí): 機(jī)設(shè)0301
完成時(shí)間: 2006年5月
摘 要
隨著中國(guó)工業(yè)不斷地發(fā)展,模具行業(yè)也顯得越來越重要。本論文便是設(shè)計(jì)加工空氣濾清器殼的模具。首先對(duì)加工零件進(jìn)行了加工工藝和結(jié)構(gòu)工藝的分析。通過計(jì)算毛坯尺寸和拉深系數(shù)提出了四種方案,最后確定采用落料、正反拉深復(fù)合模。對(duì)模具的排樣做出了合理的布置,使材料利用率達(dá)到較高的水平。計(jì)算了沖壓過程中所需要的各種沖壓工藝力,包括落料力、卸料力、壓邊力、拉深力、頂料力等,并對(duì)壓力機(jī)進(jìn)行了合理的噸位初選。復(fù)合模在結(jié)構(gòu)上采用了正裝的形式,計(jì)算出了落料、正拉深和反拉深工作部分的尺寸。對(duì)模具的閉合高度進(jìn)行了合理的確定,還設(shè)計(jì)出模具的主要零件落料凹模、凸凹模、反拉深凸模、反拉深凹模、凹模固定板等。列出了模具所需零件的詳細(xì)清單,并給出了合理的裝配圖。由于拉深的深度較大,對(duì)壓力機(jī)的電機(jī)也進(jìn)行了功率校核并提出了潤(rùn)滑的附加工序,能使拉深順利完成。最后對(duì)模具的一個(gè)主要零件導(dǎo)套進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單的加工工藝路線的制定。本設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)于采用單動(dòng)壓力機(jī)進(jìn)行正反拉深具有一定的參考作用。
關(guān)鍵詞 畢業(yè)論文;模具設(shè)計(jì);復(fù)合模;正反拉深
ABSTRACT
Develops unceasingly along with the Chinese industry, the mold profession also appears more and more importantly. The present paper then is designs the processing air filter shell the mold. First has carried on the processing craft and the structure craft analysis to the processing components. Proposed through the computation semifinished materials size and the drawing coefficient four kind of plans, finally determined uses falls the material, the pro and con drawing superposable die. Has made the reasonable arrangement to the mold platoon type, enables the material use factor to achieve the high level. Has calculated each ramming craft strength which in the ramming process needs, including falls nearby the material strength, the ex-denning strength, the pressure the strength, the drawing strength, the top material strength and so on, and has carried on the reasonable tonnage primary election to the press. The superposable die has used the true thing form in the structure, calculated fell the material, the drawing and the counter- drawing effective range size. Closed has carried on the reasonable determination highly to the mold, but also designs the mold the major parts to fall the material concave mold, the convex-concave mold, the counter- drawing raised mold, the counter- drawing concave mold, the concave mold dead plate and so on. Listed the mold to need the components the detailed detailed list, and has produced the reasonable assembly drawing. Because the drawing depth is big, also carried on the power to the press electrical machinery to examine and to propose the lubrication attachment working procedure, could cause the drawing smoothly to complete. Finally led the wrap to mold major parts to carry on the simple processing craft route formulation. This design regarding uses the single acting press to carry on the pro and con drawing to have the certain reference function.
Key words graduation thesis; mold design; superposable die; pro and con drawing
目 錄
1 分析零件的工藝性 1
2 確定工藝方案 2
2.1 計(jì)算毛坯尺寸 2
2.2 計(jì)算拉深次數(shù) 4
2.2.1 正拉深 4
2.2.2 反拉深 5
2.3 確定工藝方案 5
3 主要工藝參數(shù)的計(jì)算 6
3.1 確定排樣、裁板方案 6
3.2 確定各中間工序尺寸 8
3.3 計(jì)算工藝力、初選設(shè)備 9
3.3.1 落料、正拉深過程 9
(1) 落料力 9
(2) 卸料力 9
(3) 拉深力 10
(4) 壓邊力 10
3.3.2 反拉深過程 11
(1) 反拉深力 11
(2) 頂料力 11
3.3.3 拉深功的計(jì)算 11
3.3.4 初選壓力機(jī) 11
4 模具的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 13
4.1 模具結(jié)構(gòu)形式的選擇 13
4.2 模具工作部分尺寸計(jì)算 13
4.2.1 落料 13
4.2.2 正拉深 15
4.2.3 反拉深 16
5 選用模架、確定閉合高度 16
5.1 模架的選用 16
5.2 模具的閉合高度 16
5.3 壓力中心 17
6 模具的主要零部件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 17
6.1 落料凹模 17
6.2 凸凹模 18
6.3 反拉深凸模 19
6.4 反拉深凹模 20
6.6 上墊板 23
6.7 凹模固定板 24
7 模具的整體安裝 25
7.1 模具的總裝配 25
7.2 模具零件 26
8 選定沖壓設(shè)備 27
8.1 壓力機(jī)的規(guī)格 27
8.2 電動(dòng)機(jī)功率的校核 28
9 附加工序 29
10 主要零件的加工 29
11 總結(jié) 32
參考文獻(xiàn) 33
致 謝 34
1 分析零件的工藝性
沖壓件工藝性是指沖壓零件在沖壓加工過程中加工的難易程度。雖然沖壓加工工藝過程包括備料—沖壓加工工序—必要的輔助工序—質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)—組合、包裝的全過程,但分析工藝性的重點(diǎn)要在沖壓加工工序這一過程里。而沖壓加工工序很多,各種工序中的工藝性又不盡相同。即使同一個(gè)零件,由于生產(chǎn)單位的生產(chǎn)條件、工藝裝備情況及生產(chǎn)的傳統(tǒng)習(xí)慣等不同,其工藝性的涵義也不完全一樣。這里我們重點(diǎn)分析零件的結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性。
該零件是空氣濾清器殼,從圖1.1中我們可以看出該零件的精度要求不是很高,但要求有較高的鋼度和強(qiáng)度。在零件圖中,尺寸為IT14級(jí),其余尺寸未標(biāo)注公差,可以按自由公差計(jì)算和處理。零件的外形尺寸為,屬于中小型零件,料厚為1.5mm。
2