自動化外文文獻翻譯-語音電子密碼鎖的設(shè)計【中文2970字】 【中

自動化外文文獻翻譯-語音電子密碼鎖的設(shè)計【中文2970字】 【中,中文2970字,自動化外文文獻翻譯-語音電子密碼鎖的設(shè)計【中文2970字】,【中,自動化,外文,文獻,翻譯,語音,電子,密碼鎖,設(shè)計,中文,2970 語音電子密碼鎖的設(shè)計 摘要： 本設(shè)計是采用語音識別技術(shù)加鍵盤控制輸入，在凌陽SPCE061A單片機上實現(xiàn)的一種語音電子密碼鎖認證系統(tǒng)。語音識別并配合電子密碼鎖的普通鎖具功能，實現(xiàn)雙重安全保障作用。該密碼鎖安全、有效、可靠，而且具有語音識別、密碼預(yù)置、保密性強誤碼提示等特點。 關(guān)鍵詞：SPCE061A；語音識別；電子密碼鎖；FLASH 1 引言 隨著人們生活水平的提高和安全意識的加強，鎖具系統(tǒng)的安全性變得至關(guān)重要，于是出現(xiàn)了密碼鎖磁性鎖、電子鎖、激光鎖、聲控鎖等等鎖具，它們是在傳統(tǒng)鑰匙的基礎(chǔ)上，利用一或多組密碼，不同聲音不同磁場，不同聲波，不同光束光波，不同圖像(如指紋、眼底視網(wǎng)膜等)等來控制鎖的開啟。本文采用語音識別技術(shù)和鍵盤控制輸入相結(jié)合，在凌陽SPCE061A單片機上實現(xiàn)一種語音電子密碼鎖認證系統(tǒng)。 2 語音電子密碼鎖的系統(tǒng)功能 本系統(tǒng)主要由凌陽SPCE061A單片機、MIC輸入電路、語音輸出電路、4×4鍵盤、6位七段LED顯示、輸出控制及FLASH存儲器組成。系統(tǒng)主要的功能是：在訓練時，說話人的聲音通過麥克風進入說話人語音信號采集前端電路，由語音信號處理電路對采集的語音信號進行特征化和語音處理，提取說話人的個性特征參數(shù)并進行存儲，形成說話人特征參數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫。在識別時，將待識別語音與說話人特征參數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫進行匹配，完成語音識別以及鍵盤的控制，實現(xiàn)激活或解除鎖具，最終完成開鎖。系統(tǒng)是依靠硬件和軟件地密切配合，由凌陽SPCE061A單片機的靈活控制實現(xiàn)的。語音輸入由于受到外部環(huán)境的干擾，有可能出現(xiàn)錯誤，但通過多次的訓練可以使語音對比和識別有很大的提高。 3 系統(tǒng)硬件的設(shè)計 本系統(tǒng)采用具有內(nèi)核的凌陽SPCE061A單片機，該芯片內(nèi)有ADC、DAC、定時器／計數(shù)器、RAM、FLASH等器件，加上適當?shù)耐鈬娐放c配套的凌陽公司的集成開發(fā)環(huán)境，可以很方便地完成硬件設(shè)計和軟件編程，從而實現(xiàn)上述功能。語音電子密碼鎖系統(tǒng)的核心是說話人識別模塊。SPCE061A是凌陽公司開發(fā)的一種性價比非常高的16位單片機，內(nèi)嵌2K字的SRAM和32K字的FLASH，具有32位可編程的多功能I／O端口；包含有7通道1O位通用A／D轉(zhuǎn)換器、內(nèi)置麥克風放大器、自動增益控制AGC功能的單通道聲音A／D轉(zhuǎn)換器，以及具有音頻輸出功能的雙通道1O位D／A轉(zhuǎn)換器；在2．6V~3．6V工作電壓范圍內(nèi)，工作頻率范圍為0．32MHz~49．152Mhz，較高的處理速度使其能夠非常容易、快速地處理復雜的數(shù)字信號；中斷系統(tǒng)支持1O個中斷向量以及l(fā)4個可來自系統(tǒng)時鐘、定時器／計數(shù)器、時間基準發(fā)生器、外部中斷、鍵喚醒、通用異步串行通信及軟件中斷的中斷源，非常適合實時應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域；U’nSPTM的指令系統(tǒng)還提供具有較高運算速度的16位×16位的乘法運算指令和內(nèi)積運算指令，為其應(yīng)用增添了DSP功能，在復雜的數(shù)字信號處理方面既非常便利，又比專用的DSP芯片便宜得多。 3.1 語音輸人電路 SPCE061A內(nèi)置8通道1O位模／數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器，其中7個通道用于將模擬信號(例如電壓信號)轉(zhuǎn)換為數(shù)字量信號，1個通道只用于語音輸入，即通過內(nèi)置自動增益控制放大器的麥克風通道(MIC—IN)輸入。因此，可以直接將語音信號送給此輸入通道，完成8kHz語音信號的采集、編碼并存儲到片外FLASH中，簡化了電路設(shè)計。 3.2 音頻輸出電路 凌陽SPCE061A單片機具有音頻輸出功能的雙通道1O位D／A轉(zhuǎn)換器可 以完成用戶訓練、識別等各種操作的語音提示。SPCE061A提供的音頻輸出方式為雙通道DAC方式，在此方式下，DAC1和DAC2轉(zhuǎn)換輸出的模擬量電流信號分別通過AUD1和AUD2引腳輸出，輸入的字量分別寫入P—DAC1(寫)(0x7017)和P—DAC2(寫)(0x7016)單元。 3.3 六位七段數(shù)碼管顯示電路 LED顯示器中每個發(fā)光二極管要通過5～20mA電流才能達到正常亮度，而SPCEO61A的IO口輸出電流可達到5mA，不用驅(qū)動電路即可達到正常亮度。系統(tǒng)為了滿足可靠性設(shè)計，采用晶體管構(gòu)成驅(qū)動電路。整個顯示過程中采用動態(tài)顯示，即六位顯示器逐一輪流顯示，每位持續(xù)lms或10ms循環(huán)一遍，也可以適當進行更改，但刷新速度不要小于每秒三十幀，這樣，由于視覺暫留現(xiàn)象，看到的便是六位七段LED顯示器同時顯示。 3.4 矩陣式鍵盤掃描電路 按鍵輸入部分共有數(shù)字鍵、密碼設(shè)定鍵、密碼顯示鍵、確認鍵和密碼清除鍵等16個按鍵，用于密碼輸入和功能按鍵的實現(xiàn)。本設(shè)計采用具有鍵喚醒功能的IO的低8位IOA0--~IOA7接4×4鍵盤作為控制輸入部分，從而可以合理利用硬件資源，且編程靈活。識別鍵盤有無鍵被按下的方法是：讓所有列線均為低電平，檢查各行線電平是否有高電平，如果有則說明有鍵被按下；如果沒有，則說明無鍵被按下(實際編程時應(yīng)考慮按鍵抖動的影響，通常總是采用軟件延時的方法進行消抖處理)。識別具體按鍵的方法采用掃描法：逐個列置零電平，并檢查各行線電平的變化，如果某行電平由低電平變?yōu)楦唠娖?，則可確定此行此列交叉點處按鍵被按下。 3.5 外部FLASH擴展電路 SPCEO61A片內(nèi)的FLASH存儲器只有32K，在播放大量語音資源時需要外擴存儲器。本設(shè)計使用凌陽科技公司的SPR4096作為外擴存儲器，與SPCE061A結(jié)合播放語音。在使用SPR4096時，采用ResWriter對SPR4096進行讀寫操作，用于存儲說話人的個性特征參數(shù)參考模板。 3.6 電鎖的激活與解除 SPCE061A單片機完成識別和顯示后，驅(qū)動電磁執(zhí)行器實現(xiàn)開鎖功能，并檢測其驅(qū)動電流值、接收傳感器送來的報警信號、發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)等。單片機接收鍵入的代碼，并與存貯在FLASH中的密碼進行比較，如果密碼正確，則驅(qū)動電磁執(zhí)行器開鎖；如果密碼不正確，則允許操作人員重新輸入密碼，最多可輸入三次；如果三次都不正確，則單片機通過通信線路向智能監(jiān)控器報警。單片機將每次開鎖操作和此時電磁執(zhí)行器的驅(qū)動電流值作為狀態(tài)信息發(fā)送給智能監(jiān)控器，同時將接收的來自傳感器接口的報警信息也發(fā)送給智能監(jiān)控器，作為智能化分析的依據(jù)。在發(fā)送端，電子鎖具通過脈沖變壓器T將調(diào)制好的數(shù)據(jù)信號升壓后發(fā)送出去；在接收端，脈沖變壓器T將接收到的數(shù)據(jù)信號降壓后送解調(diào)器，以減少載波信號在傳輸過程中的損耗。為了減少通信和供電之間的相互干擾，對扼流圈L、耦合電容C的選擇要綜合考慮，設(shè)載波頻率f0—400kHz，為了保證絕大部分信號能量傳輸?shù)浇邮斩?，取L一33．7H，C1—0．047~F。電流監(jiān)視功能是為了防止通信線路的人為破壞和電磁執(zhí)行器因某種原因造成流過電磁線圈的電流過大而燒毀線圈。電流監(jiān)視器采用MAXIM公司生產(chǎn)的電流／電壓轉(zhuǎn)換芯片MAX471。該芯片能將被測電流I轉(zhuǎn)化成對地輸出電壓U，且有測量范圍大、精度高、輸出電壓U和被測電流I成正比等特點。電流監(jiān)視器輸出電壓送達A／D轉(zhuǎn)換器，單片辨識器初始化機通過讀取A／D轉(zhuǎn)換結(jié)果,獲知線路中電流的變化情況，通過分析及時發(fā)現(xiàn)異常，發(fā)出報警信號。 4 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計 SPCE061A的開發(fā)可通過在線調(diào)試器PROBE來實現(xiàn)。它利用了SPCE061內(nèi)置的在線仿真電路ICE(In—Circuit Emulator)和凌陽公司的在線串行編程技術(shù)。PROBE可工作于凌陽IDE集成開發(fā)環(huán)境軟件 nSP(tm)下，具有編輯、編譯、鏈接、調(diào)試以及仿真等功能。利用IDE友好的交互界面、下拉菜單、快捷鍵和快速訪問命令列表可以使用戶的編程、調(diào)試工作更加方便和高效。此外，IDE的軟件仿真功能可以在不連接仿真板的情況下模擬硬件的各項功能來調(diào)試程序。當系統(tǒng)工作時，在主函數(shù)中調(diào)用相關(guān)函數(shù)完成特定人語音的訓練，訓練成功后再進行語音識別，根據(jù)識別的命令執(zhí)行鍵盤控制操作，根據(jù)各功能鍵的不同，執(zhí)行相應(yīng)的程序，完成對密碼的修改、設(shè)置、對比、顯示等功能。 5 結(jié)論 本系統(tǒng)采用SPCE061A16位單片機構(gòu)成嵌入式語音處理與控制系統(tǒng)，操作簡單，易于使用，但語音識別能力尚有待提高。電子密碼鎖技術(shù)發(fā)展至今，已廣泛應(yīng)用于財產(chǎn)安全防范要求較高的領(lǐng)域隨著信息技術(shù)和和計算機技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展，語音電子密碼鎖技術(shù)必將有更大的發(fā)展，并最終實現(xiàn)高效、安全、可靠的聲紋控制的語音電子密碼鎖。 3 Voice of Electronic Password-lock Design Abstract: The design is the use of voice recognition technology and keyboard input, Sunplus SPCE061A SCM in achieving a voice electronic password lock authentication system.Voice recognition and electronic password lock function of the ordinary locks, and dual role of security. The password lock safe, effective, reliable, but also has voice recognition, password Preferences, confidentiality strong, tips and other features of error. Key words: SPCE061A; voice recognition, electronic password lock; FLASH 1 Introduction As people's living standards improve and strengthen the sense of security, safety locks system becomes essential, therefore a password lock, magnetic locks, electronic locks, laser lock, voice-activated lock locks, etc., they are On the basis of traditional keys, using one or more passwords, different voices, different magnetic field, different sound, different light beams of different images (such as fingerprints, retina retina, etc.) to control open the lock. In this paper, using speech recognition technology and keyboard to control the importation of the integration of SCM in Sunplus SPCE061A achieve a voice on the electronic certification system password lock. 2 voice electronic password-lock system This system is mainly composed of Sunplus SPCE061A SCM, MIC input circuit, voice output circuit, 4 × 4 keyboard, six Qiduan LED display and output control and FLASH memory components. System is the main function: the training, the speaker's voice through a microphone into the speaker voice signal acquisition front-end circuit, by voice signal processing circuit on the acquisition of the characteristics of voice signals and voice processing, from the speaker's personality characteristics and parameters Store, a speaker parameters database. In recognition, will be voice recognition and speaker parameters database matching, voice recognition and complete control of the keyboard, and activate or release of locks, the final completion of the lock. System is relying on hardware and software to closely cooperate with the Sunplus SPCE061A SCM flexible control achieved. Voice entry due to the interference of external environment, it is possible errors, but through a number of training can make comparison and identification of voice greatly improved 3 system hardware design The system using a single kernel of Sunplus SPCE061A, the chip has ADC, DAC, timer / counter, RAM, FLASH, and other devices, coupled with appropriate external circuit and supporting Sunplus company's integrated development environment, Can easily complete the design of hardware and software programming, thus achieving the above-mentioned functions. Voice electronic code lock system is the core of speech recognition module. SPCE061A is Sunplus has developed a very high price of the 16-bit microcontroller, embedded 2 K word of SRAM and 32 K word FLASH, with 32 programmable multi-purpose I / O ports include 7 Channel 1 O-General A / D converter, built-in microphone amplifier, AGC AGC function of the single voice of A / D converter, and the audio output of the dual-channel 1 O-bit D / A converter in the 2.6 V ~ - 3.6V operating range of frequency range of 0.32 MHz ~ - 49.152Mhz, high processing speed enable it to easily and quickly handle complex digital signal; suspension system to support 1 O interrupt vector And l4 from the system can be a clock, timer / counter, time benchmark generator, external interrupt, key wake-up call, Universal Asynchronous serial communication and software interruption interrupt source, Very suitable for real-time applications; u'nSPTM command system also provides high computing speed of 16 × 16-bit multiplication instructions and directives within the plot operation, the DSP for the application of additional features in a complex digital signal processing both Very convenient than the DSP chip for much cheaper. 3.1 voice input circuit SPCE061A built-in 8-channel 1 O-bit A / D converter, which will be seven channels for analog signals (such as voltage signal) converted to digital signals, a channel used only for voice input, through the built-in automatic gain control amplifier The microphone channels (MIC-IN) input. Therefore, it can be directly given to the voice signal input channels, the completion of 8 kHz voice signals in the collection, encoding and storage to off-chip FLASH, simplifying the circuit design. 3.2 audio output circuit Sunplus SPCE061A MCU with audio output of dual-channel 1 O-bit D / A converters can complete user training, identification of various operations, such as the voice prompts. SPCE061A provide audio lose A way for the dual-channel DAC, in this manner, DAC1 and DAC2 conversion of analog current output signal passed AUD1 and AUD2-pin output, enter the number of volume into the P-DAC1 (write) (0 x7017) and P - DAC2 (write) (0 x7016) unit. 3.3 six Qiduan display of digital circuits LED displays in each LED through 5 ~ 20mA current to achieve the normal brightness, and the IO I SPCEO61A output current up to 5 mA, do not have to drive circuit to reach normal brightness. In order to meet the reliability of systems design, driven by a transistor circuit. The whole process showed that the use of dynamic, that is, six monitors each cycle, each sustained lms or 10 ms cycle again, can also be appropriate to make changes, but the refresh rate not less than 30 per second, so that temporary stay because of the visual phenomenon , Is six Qiduan see the LED display at the same time show. 3.4 Matrix keyboard scan circuit Enter key part of a total of the number keys, passwords, keys set, the key shown password, to confirm removal of keys and passwords, and other key 16 keys, enter your password and for the realization of function keys. This design uses a wake-up function keys of the IO low eight IOA0 - ~ IOA7 to 4 × 4 as the control input of the keyboard, which can be rational use of hardware resources and programming flexibility. Recognition keyboard keys are pressed whether the method is: Let all out lines are low, check the traffic on whether there is a high-level, if there is a statement that a key is pressed, if not, then no keys are pressed (Actual programming keys should be taken into account the impact of jitter, usually always use the software delay processing methods Consumers buffeting). Identify specific keys used scanning method: home-by-zero level out and check the level of the carriageway of the changes, if a line from the low level into a high, this trip can be sure this column cross-point Button is pressed. 3.5 FLASH expansion of external circuit SPCEO61A FLASH memory chip of only 32 K, large number of players in the voice of resources needs of expanding memory. The design Sunplus Technology, Inc., SPR4096 as a memory expansion, combined with SPCE061A broadcast voice. SPR4096 in use, the use of SPR4096 ResWriter to read and write operation, used to store the speaker's personality parameters reference template. 3.6 the lock and lift activation SCM SPCE061A complete identification and display, the drive to realize the implementation of the electromagnetic lock function, and to detect its drive current value, to receive alarm signals sent by sensors, such as sending data. SCM receive the type code, and stored in FLASH in the password, if the correct password, the drive for the implementation of the electromagnetic lock, if your password is not correct, allowing operators to re-enter your password, can enter up to three If the three are not correct, the MCU through intelligent communication lines to monitor the police. SCM will unlock operation and each time the electromagnetic actuator drive current value as a status information sent to the smart monitor, will receive the report from the sensor interface information is also sent to the intelligent monitoring, as smart Analysis of the basis. In the transmitter, electronic locks through the pulse transformer T will modulation good boost after data signals sent out in the receiver, pulse transformer T will receive the data signal demodulator buck evacuation to reduce the carrier signal transmission In the process of wear and tear. In order to reduce communication and mutual interference between the power supply, chokes L, the choice of coupling capacitance C to comprehensive considerations, shown in Figure 4, a carrier frequency f0-400kHz, in order to ensure that most of the energy transmission signal to the receiver Duan, L for a 33.7 H, C1-0.047 ~ F. Current surveillance function is to prevent the destruction of communication lines and electromagnetic actuator, for some reason the flow of electromagnetic coil currents too large burning coil. Current Monitor by MAXIM company's current / voltage converter chip MAX471. The chip can be measured current I into pairs to the output voltage U, and is measured Wai, high precision, and U output voltage proportional to the measured current I characteristics. Current monitor output voltage service A / D converter, read through the single A / D converter results in the current line was informed of the situation, through the timely detection of abnormal, issued its report. 4 system software design SPCE061A the development of online debugger PROBE To achieve. It uses a built-in online SPCE061 Circuit Simulation ICE (In-Circuit Emulator) and Sunplus's online series Line programming. PROBE can work in Sunplus IDE Integrated Development Environmental software nSP (tm), with editing, compile, link, debug and simulation capabilities. Use IDE friendly interface, the drop-down menu, shortcuts and quick access to the list can be ordered so that the user's programming and commissioning work more convenient and efficient. In addition, IDE software simulation can not connect the simulation board under the simulated conditions of the various functions to the hardware debugger. When the system work, the main function of the call to complete a specific function of the human voice training, training for the future success of voice recognition, according to the order to identify the implementation of the keyboard control operation, according to the different function keys, the implementation of the corresponding procedures, to complete Password changes settings, contrast, shows, and other functions. 5 Conclusion The system uses a SPCE061A 16-bit microcontrollers embedded voice processing and control system, easy to use, easy to use, but the speech recognition capabilities have yet to be improved. Electronic password lock technology development so far, has been widely used in higher property security areas as information technology and computer technology and the constant development, voice, electronic password lock technology will have greater development and, ultimately, achieving efficiency, safety And reliable Voiceprint control of the voice of electronic locks. 語音電子密碼鎖的設(shè)計 摘要： 本設(shè)計是采用語音識別技術(shù)加鍵盤控制輸入，在凌陽SPCE061A單片機上實現(xiàn)的一種語音電子密碼鎖認證系統(tǒng)。語音識別并配合電子密碼鎖的普通鎖具功能，實現(xiàn)雙重安全保障作用。該密碼鎖安全、有效、可靠，而且具有語音識別、密碼預(yù)置、保密性強誤碼提示等特點。 關(guān)鍵詞：SPCE061A；語音識別；電子密碼鎖；FLASH 1 引言 隨著人們生活水平的提高和安全意識的加強，鎖具系統(tǒng)的安全性變得至關(guān)重要，于是出現(xiàn)了密碼鎖磁性鎖、電子鎖、激光鎖、聲控鎖等等鎖具，它們是在傳統(tǒng)鑰匙的基礎(chǔ)上，利用一或多組密碼，不同聲音不同磁場，不同聲波，不同光束光波，不同圖像(如指紋、眼底視網(wǎng)膜等)等來控制鎖的開啟。本文采用語音識別技術(shù)和鍵盤控制輸入相結(jié)合，在凌陽SPCE061A單片機上實現(xiàn)一種語音電子密碼鎖認證系統(tǒng)。 2 語音電子密碼鎖的系統(tǒng)功能 本系統(tǒng)主要由凌陽SPCE061A單片機、MIC輸入電路、語音輸出電路、4×4鍵盤、6位七段LED顯示、輸出控制及FLASH存儲器組成。系統(tǒng)主要的功能是：在訓練時，說話人的聲音通過麥克風進入說話人語音信號采集前端電路，由語音信號處理電路對采集的語音信號進行特征化和語音處理，提取說話人的個性特征參數(shù)并進行存儲，形成說話人特征參數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫。在識別時，將待識別語音與說話人特征參數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫進行匹配，完成語音識別以及鍵盤的控制，實現(xiàn)激活或解除鎖具，最終完成開鎖。系統(tǒng)是依靠硬件和軟件地密切配合，由凌陽SPCE061A單片機的靈活控制實現(xiàn)的。語音輸入由于受到外部環(huán)境的干擾，有可能出現(xiàn)錯誤，但通過多次的訓練可以使語音對比和識別有很大的提高。 3 系統(tǒng)硬件的設(shè)計 本系統(tǒng)采用具有內(nèi)核的凌陽SPCE061A單片機，該芯片內(nèi)有ADC、DAC、定時器／計數(shù)器、RAM、FLASH等器件，加上適當?shù)耐鈬娐放c配套的凌陽公司的集成開發(fā)環(huán)境，可以很方便地完成硬件設(shè)計和軟件編程，從而實現(xiàn)上述功能。語音電子密碼鎖系統(tǒng)的核心是說話人識別模塊。SPCE061A是凌陽公司開發(fā)的一種性價比非常高的16位單片機，內(nèi)嵌2K字的SRAM和32K字的FLASH，具有32位可編程的多功能I／O端口；包含有7通道1O位通用A／D轉(zhuǎn)換器、內(nèi)置麥克風放大器、自動增益控制AGC功能的單通道聲音A／D轉(zhuǎn)換器，以及具有音頻輸出功能的雙通道1O位D／A轉(zhuǎn)換器；在2．6V~3．6V工作電壓范圍內(nèi)，工作頻率范圍為0．32MHz~49．152Mhz，較高的處理速度使其能夠非常容易、快速地處理復雜的數(shù)字信號；中斷系統(tǒng)支持1O個中斷向量以及l(fā)4個可來自系統(tǒng)時鐘、定時器／計數(shù)器、時間基準發(fā)生器、外部中斷、鍵喚醒、通用異步串行通信及軟件中斷的中斷源，非常適合實時應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域；U’nSPTM的指令系統(tǒng)還提供具有較高運算速度的16位×16位的乘法運算指令和內(nèi)積運算指令，為其應(yīng)用增添了DSP功能，在復雜的數(shù)字信號處理方面既非常便利，又比專用的DSP芯片便宜得多。 3.1 語音輸人電路 SPCE061A內(nèi)置8通道1O位模／數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器，其中7個通道用于將模擬信號(例如電壓信號)轉(zhuǎn)換為數(shù)字量信號，1個通道只用于語音輸入，即通過內(nèi)置自動增益控制放大器的麥克風通道(MIC—IN)輸入。因此，可以直接將語音信號送給此輸入通道，完成8kHz語音信號的采集、編碼并存儲到片外FLASH中，簡化了電路設(shè)計。 3.2 音頻輸出電路 凌陽SPCE061A單片機具有音頻輸出功能的雙通道1O位D／A轉(zhuǎn)換器可 以完成用戶訓練、識別等各種操作的語音提示。SPCE061A提供的音頻輸出方式為雙通道DAC方式，在此方式下，DAC1和DAC2轉(zhuǎn)換輸出的模擬量電流信號分別通過AUD1和AUD2引腳輸出，輸入的字量分別寫入P—DAC1(寫)(0x7017)和P—DAC2(寫)(0x7016)單元。 3.3 六位七段數(shù)碼管顯示電路 LED顯示器中每個發(fā)光二極管要通過5～20mA電流才能達到正常亮度，而SPCEO61A的IO口輸出電流可達到5mA，不用驅(qū)動電路即可達到正常亮度。系統(tǒng)為了滿足可靠性設(shè)計，采用晶體管構(gòu)成驅(qū)動電路。整個顯示過程中采用動態(tài)顯示，即六位顯示器逐一輪流顯示，每位持續(xù)lms或10ms循環(huán)一遍，也可以適當進行更改，但刷新速度不要小于每秒三十幀，這樣，由于視覺暫留現(xiàn)象，看到的便是六位七段LED顯示器同時顯示。 3.4 矩陣式鍵盤掃描電路 按鍵輸入部分共有數(shù)字鍵、密碼設(shè)定鍵、密碼顯示鍵、確認鍵和密碼清除鍵等16個按鍵，用于密碼輸入和功能按鍵的實現(xiàn)。本設(shè)計采用具有鍵喚醒功能的IO的低8位IOA0--~IOA7接4×4鍵盤作為控制輸入部分，從而可以合理利用硬件資源，且編程靈活。識別鍵盤有無鍵被按下的方法是：讓所有列線均為低電平，檢查各行線電平是否有高電平，如果有則說明有鍵被按下；如果沒有，則說明無鍵被按下(實際編程時應(yīng)考慮按鍵抖動的影響，通常總是采用軟件延時的方法進行消抖處理)。識別具體按鍵的方法采用掃描法：逐個列置零電平，并檢查各行線電平的變化，如果某行電平由低電平變?yōu)楦唠娖?，則可確定此行此列交叉點處按鍵被按下。 3.5 外部FLASH擴展電路 SPCEO61A片內(nèi)的FLASH存儲器只有32K，在播放大量語音資源時需要外擴存儲器。本設(shè)計使用凌陽科技公司的SPR4096作為外擴存儲器，與SPCE061A結(jié)合播放語音。在使用SPR4096時，采用ResWriter對SPR4096進行讀寫操作，用于存儲說話人的個性特征參數(shù)參考模板。 3.6 電鎖的激活與解除 SPCE061A單片機完成識別和顯示后，驅(qū)動電磁執(zhí)行器實現(xiàn)開鎖功能，并檢測其驅(qū)動電流值、接收傳感器送來的報警信號、發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)等。單片機接收鍵入的代碼，并與存貯在FLASH中的密碼進行比較，如果密碼正確，則驅(qū)動電磁執(zhí)行器開鎖；如果密碼不正確，則允許操作人員重新輸入密碼，最多可輸入三次；如果三次都不正確，則單片機通過通信線路向智能監(jiān)控器報警。單片機將每次開鎖操作和此時電磁執(zhí)行器的驅(qū)動電流值作為狀態(tài)信息發(fā)送給智能監(jiān)控器，同時將接收的來自傳感器接口的報警信息也發(fā)送給智能監(jiān)控器，作為智能化分析的依據(jù)。在發(fā)送端，電子鎖具通過脈沖變壓器T將調(diào)制好的數(shù)據(jù)信號升壓后發(fā)送出去；在接收端，脈沖變壓器T將接收到的數(shù)據(jù)信號降壓后送解調(diào)器，以減少載波信號在傳輸過程中的損耗。為了減少通信和供電之間的相互干擾，對扼流圈L、耦合電容C的選擇要綜合考慮，設(shè)載波頻率f0—400kHz，為了保證絕大部分信號能量傳輸?shù)浇邮斩?，取L一33．7H，C1—0．047~F。電流監(jiān)視功能是為了防止通信線路的人為破壞和電磁執(zhí)行器因某種原因造成流過電磁線圈的電流過大而燒毀線圈。電流監(jiān)視器采用MAXIM公司生產(chǎn)的電流／電壓轉(zhuǎn)換芯片MAX471。該芯片能將被測電流I轉(zhuǎn)化成對地輸出電壓U，且有測量范圍大、精度高、輸出電壓U和被測電流I成正比等特點。電流監(jiān)視器輸出電壓送達A／D轉(zhuǎn)換器，單片辨識器初始化機通過讀取A／D轉(zhuǎn)換結(jié)果,獲知線路中電流的變化情況，通過分析及時發(fā)現(xiàn)異常，發(fā)出報警信號。 4 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計 SPCE061A的開發(fā)可通過在線調(diào)試器PROBE來實現(xiàn)。它利用了SPCE061內(nèi)置的在線仿真電路ICE(In—Circuit Emulator)和凌陽公司的在線串行編程技術(shù)。PROBE可工作于凌陽IDE集成開發(fā)環(huán)境軟件 nSP(tm)下，具有編輯、編譯、鏈接、調(diào)試以及仿真等功能。利用IDE友好的交互界面、下拉菜單、快捷鍵和快速訪問命令列表可以使用戶的編程、調(diào)試工作更加方便和高效。此外，IDE的軟件仿真功能可以在不連接仿真板的情況下模擬硬件的各項功能來調(diào)試程序。當系統(tǒng)工作時，在主函數(shù)中調(diào)用相關(guān)函數(shù)完成特定人語音的訓練，訓練成功后再進行語音識別，根據(jù)識別的命令執(zhí)行鍵盤控制操作，根據(jù)各功能鍵的不同，執(zhí)行相應(yīng)的程序，完成對密碼的修改、設(shè)置、對比、顯示等功能。 5 結(jié)論 本系統(tǒng)采用SPCE061A16位單片機構(gòu)成嵌入式語音處理與控制系統(tǒng)，操作簡單，易于使用，但語音識別能力尚有待提高。電子密碼鎖技術(shù)發(fā)展至今，已廣泛應(yīng)用于財產(chǎn)安全防范要求較高的領(lǐng)域隨著信息技術(shù)和和計算機技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展，語音電子密碼鎖技術(shù)必將有更大的發(fā)展，并最終實現(xiàn)高效、安全、可靠的聲紋控制的語音電子密碼鎖。 8