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1、選修六unit1 語法 虛擬語氣一、概念 語氣是一種動詞形式，表示說話人對某一行為或事情的看法或態(tài)度。英語中有三種語氣：陳述語氣（The Indicative Mood）、祈使語氣（The Imperative Mood）、和虛擬語氣（The Subjunctive Mood）。陳述語氣是用來陳述一個事實或提出一種看法；祈使語氣則表示請求、命令、警告或勸告等，而虛擬語氣則表示說話人所說的話不是事實，而是一種假設、愿望、懷疑或推測。I saw Wang Ping yesterday. 語氣Do come to the meeting next Monday. 語氣 If I were you,
2、I would not do it like that. 語氣二、虛擬語氣在條件句中的應用在含有虛擬語氣條件句的復合句中，主從句的謂語都要用虛擬語氣，現將其形式列表如下：假設情況條件從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式于現在事實相反一般過去時（be-were）would/should/might/could+動詞原形與將來事實相反1) 一般過去時（be-were）2) should+動詞原形3) were to+動詞原形would/should/might/could+動詞原形與過去事實相反過去完成時（had +過去分詞）would/should/might/could have done 特別提示：
3、u 主句中的should只用于第一人稱，但在美國英語中，should常被would代替；從句中的should可用于各種人稱。1）與現在事實相反If I _(be) you, I _(tell)him the truth. If she _（have） enough money, she _(buy) a computer.2) 與將來事實相反If it _, the crops would be saved.要是能下雨的話，莊稼就能得救了。3）與過去事實相反If you _(take) my advice, you _(not fail) in the exam.如果你聽了我的建議，你就不會考
4、試不及格。（事實上你根本沒聽我的） u 在虛擬條件句中可省略if，把were，had，should提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式。If I were you, I would do it another way.=_, I would do it another way.If I should have time, I would help Tom with his maths.=_, I would help Tom with his maths.If it hadnt been for his help, I wouldnt have finished the work on time.=_, I
5、 wouldnt have finished the work on time三、虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的應用1) 動詞wish 后的賓語從句I wish (that) +從句一般過去時（be-were）表示對現在的虛擬would/ could +動詞原形表示對將來的虛擬過去完成時（had done）表示對過去的虛擬I wish it _(be) spring in my hometown all the year round.I wish I _(meet) him yesterday.特別提示：wish本身可以是過去式，表示過去的一種愿望，that從句的時態(tài)不受影響。He wished th
6、at he _(not tell) Lucy the bad news yesterday.2) 在表示堅持、命令、建議、要求等動詞后的賓語從句中，謂語用“should+動詞原形”should可省略。一堅持：insist二命令：order，command三建議：suggest，propose，advise四要求：request，require，demand，ask1 She asked that she _ of developments.A should keep inform B be kept informed C should be keep to inform D keep info
7、rm 2 The doctor advised that he _(change) his job.特別提示suggest 表“暗示、表明”，insist表“堅持認為,堅持說”時，不用虛擬語氣。1 The smile on his face suggested that he _(be) satisfied with our work.2 The man insisted that he _(never steal) the money.3）在would rather 后的賓語從句中，謂語常用過去式來表示對現在或將來的虛擬，用過去完成時表示對過去的虛擬。 did/ be-were 對現在或將來
8、的虛擬would rather sb had done 對過去的虛擬Id rather you _(go) tomorrow.Id rather she _(do) that. 我寧愿她沒那樣做。當堂檢測1 If I had worn my overcoat, I _ cold.A wont have caught B couldnt have caught C wont catch D wouldnt catch 2 -Shall we go to the movie tonight? -No, Id rather _ at home with our baby.A you stayed B
9、 you stay C stayed D to stay 3 -Mike, its a pity you didnt come to the opening ceremony of the 11th National Games. It was really great! -Really? If I _ so busy, I would have gone.A hadnt been B werent C shouldnt be D wouldnt be 4 I am too busy these days. I would rather all of you _ next month for
10、a visit.A come B would come C came D have come 5 Should the weather be good tomorrow, we _ climbing.A had gone B could have gone C would go D went 6 -Why didnt you buy the flat? -I _, but I didnt have the money.A would have B bought C would like to D had bought 7 I didnt see your sister at the meeti
11、ng. If she _, she would have met my brother.A has come B did come C came D had come 8 I wish I _ English hard when I was young, but it is too late now.A had studied B have studied C studied D study 9 Seeing we were very tired, Jack suggested that we _ a ten-minute coffee break.A could take B may take C must take D take 10 The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free immediately.A did, set B had done, should be set C do, be set D had done, must be set 11 _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Water Cube.A Were B Should C Would D Will 3
高中英語選修六unit1 語法 虛擬語氣
