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1、Grammar She is a _ girl.lovelyThis is a _cup.teaThere are _ children.threeShe is a woman _.with a baby in her armThis is a film_ Hero.calledThis is a _ bird.flying定語從句定語從句在英語中，修飾在英語中，修飾名詞名詞或或代詞代詞的的句子句子叫叫定定語從句。語從句。例：例：The girl who is behind the tree is Kate.The man who was driving too fast was a drun
2、k.先行詞和關(guān)系詞先行詞和關(guān)系詞q先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。q關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。q先行詞、關(guān)系詞先行詞、關(guān)系詞/引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞對等對等 代替代替 That is the bike which my father bought for me. 先行詞先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞 bikeq關(guān)系詞的作用：既引導(dǎo)定語從句，又在定語從句關(guān)系詞的作用：既引導(dǎo)定語從句，又在定語從句中充當某種成分中充當某種成分, 還代替先行詞。還代替先行詞。1. 定義：定義：在復(fù)合句中修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句在復(fù)合句中修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句,
3、叫定語從句。又稱形容詞性從句。叫定語從句。又稱形容詞性從句。2. 先行詞：先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞。被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞。3. 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞：關(guān)系副詞： 引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞。關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞who, whom, whose, which, thatwhen, where, why在定語從句中作主語、賓語、定語在定語從句中作主語、賓語、定語在定語從句中作狀語在定語從句中作狀語定語從句定語從句 (Attributive Clauses)關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞定語從句常用的關(guān)系代詞有：定語從句常用的關(guān)系代詞有：that , who(m), who
4、se, which等。等。 that多指物，在從句中作主語或作動詞的賓語。多指物，在從句中作主語或作動詞的賓語。（that/which作賓語時可?。┳髻e語時可?。?1) A plane is a machine that can fly. A plane is a machine which can fly. 2) Who was hurt in the accident that happened yesterday? Who was hurt in the accident which happened yesterday? 3)Have you found the bike that y
5、ou lost? Have you found the bike which you lost? Have you found the bike 省略省略 you lost?2. which 指物指物,在從句中作主語或賓語。作主語不可省略在從句中作主語或賓語。作主語不可省略;作賓語可以省略。作賓語可以省略。 ( which 與與that 指物時可以互相代替，指物時可以互相代替，that 更常見。）更常見。）1) His father works in a factory that makes TV sets. His father works in a factory which makes
6、TV sets.2)The film that we saw last night was very wonderful. The film which we saw last night was very wonderful. The film 省略省略 we saw last night was very wonderful.3. who 指人指人(既它的先行詞必須是人既它的先行詞必須是人),在從句中作主語在從句中作主語或賓語。但或賓語。但whom 是賓格是賓格,只能作賓語。只能作賓語。(that有時也指有時也指人，代替人，代替who, whom,可作主語或賓語可作主語或賓語)1)The
7、girls who werent badly hurt in the accident are my classmates.The girls that werent badly hurt in the accident are myclassmates.2) He knew the teacher who we met yesterday.He knew the teacher whom we met yesterday.He knew the teacher (that) we met yesterday.4.whose 是代詞的所有格形式是代詞的所有格形式, 它既可以代人也它既可以代人也
8、可以代物?？梢源?。q I saw a woman. Her bag was stolen. I saw a woman whose bag was stolen. I saw a woman the bag of whom was stolen.q Ill call a person. His father knows you. Ill call a person whose father knows you.q Please show me the book. Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose cover is red. Ple
9、ase show me the book the cover of which is red.1) This is the hero( whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud.2) She is the girl (whom) I went with there. She is the girl with whom I went there.關(guān)系代詞與介詞關(guān)系代詞與介詞介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時,介詞賓語只能用介詞賓語只能用which代物代物,和和whom代人。代人。(介詞在末尾時介詞在末尾
10、時,關(guān)系詞可以省關(guān)系詞可以省略略)注意:固定動介詞組不可分割固定動介詞組不可分割,介詞不能提前介詞不能提前.例如例如:look after, look at Here are the picture-books that the children are looking for.Here are the picture-books which the children are looking for.Here are the picture-books the children are looking for.關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞是用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣，具有數(shù)是用來
11、引導(dǎo)定語從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣，具有數(shù)種作用。種作用。o 在從句中代替先行詞。在從句中代替先行詞。o在句中在句中作狀語作狀語。o連接作用，把兩個句子連接成為一個帶有定語從句的復(fù)合句。連接作用，把兩個句子連接成為一個帶有定語從句的復(fù)合句。 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞有有三種三種： where:在從句中作在從句中作地點狀語地點狀語,指代地點。指代地點。( on/in/atwhich) when: 在從句中作在從句中作時間狀語時間狀語,指代時間。指代時間。(on/ in/duringwhich) why: 在從句中作在從句中作原因狀語原因狀語,指代原因。指代原因。 指代內(nèi)容指代內(nèi)容所做成分所做成分是否可省略
12、是否可省略whenwherewhy關(guān)系副詞的用法關(guān)系副詞的用法不可省略不可省略時間時間地點地點原因原因狀語狀語狀語狀語狀語狀語when 在定語從句中作時間狀語，先行詞往往是表在定語從句中作時間狀語，先行詞往往是表示時間的名詞。相當于示時間的名詞。相當于介詞介詞+which。若定語從句若定語從句缺主語或賓語，需用缺主語或賓語，需用which或或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。引導(dǎo)定語從句。Ill never forget the day when I joined the league.Ill never forget the time which/that was spent with you.on w
13、hichwhere在定語從句中作地點狀語，先行詞往往是表示地點在定語從句中作地點狀語，先行詞往往是表示地點的名詞。相當于的名詞。相當于“介詞介詞 + which”。若定語從句缺主語或賓語，用若定語從句缺主語或賓語，用which或或that引導(dǎo)定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句This is the house where I lived two years ago.The library (which/that) you visited yesterday was built in 1990.in whichwhere 引導(dǎo)的定語從句也可以修飾引導(dǎo)的定語從句也可以修飾case, condition, sit
14、uation, instance等先行詞。等先行詞。There are cases where this rule does not hold good.Can you think of a situation where this word can be used?why在定語從句中作原因狀語，常位于在定語從句中作原因狀語，常位于reason之后之后，相當于，相當于for which。Do you know the reason why she was late?The reason why / for which he refused the invitation is quite cle
15、ar. 定語從句中需注意事項定語從句中需注意事項v 有些情況下只用關(guān)系詞有些情況下只用關(guān)系詞that，而不宜用，而不宜用which。1.先行詞被形容詞最高級，序數(shù)詞以及先行詞被形容詞最高級，序數(shù)詞以及the very, the only修飾時修飾時,只能用只能用that引導(dǎo)從句引導(dǎo)從句. This is the most interesting story(that)I have ever heard. The first meeting(that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.2.先行詞是先行詞是all, someth
16、ing, nothing, anything等不定代詞等不定代詞時時,只能用只能用that引導(dǎo)從句。引導(dǎo)從句。 Here is something(that) I will tell you. Not all that glitters is gold.3.先行詞既有人也有物時先行詞既有人也有物時,只能用只能用that引出從句。引出從句。 I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see.4.先行詞是先行詞是one of, the one, 或用或用little, few, no, all, any 作修飾，用作修飾，
17、用that。 Is it the one that you want?We havent got much that we can offer you.5.當主句是以當主句是以 who或或which開頭的特殊疑問句時，關(guān)開頭的特殊疑問句時，關(guān)系詞用系詞用that。 Which is the bike that you lost? Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?1. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up a
18、s a child. A. which B. when C. that D. where2. The boy _ composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group. A. who B. whose C. that D. which3. This is the store _ we visited the famous shop assistants. A. where B. there C. that D. which 4. The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to b
19、e a thief. A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom5. Please take any seat _ is free. A. which B. where C. in which D. that7. Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently. A. that B. when C. which D. where 8. The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced
20、 by an officebuilding. A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which 9. Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which 10. A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails. A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoev
21、er11. I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. A. which B. where C. how D. why12. I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault. A. who B. that C. as D. what13. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planets _ l
22、ife has developed gradually. A. that B. where C. which D. whose14. Ive become good friend with several of thestudent in my school _ I meet in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which 15. Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D
23、. what16. Wind power is an ancient source of energy _ we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which 17. A bank is the place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. A. when B. that C. where D. there18. The days are
24、gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. A. when B. that C. where D. whichvThe person _ you should write to is Mr. Ball.2. The person to _ you should write is Mr. Ball.3. The games _ he competed in were swimming and shooting.4. The games in _ he competed were swimming and shooti
25、ng.5. Please tell me the reason _ you missed the plane. who/that/whomwhomwhich/thatwhich用適當?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空用適當?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空 why7. This is the factory _ he worked ten years ago.8. This is the factory _ makes toys.9. He is the boy _ family was poor.10. The pen _ he is writing now was bought yesterday.where/in whichwho
26、sewhich/thatwith which1. 在踢足球的男孩們是一班的。在踢足球的男孩們是一班的。The boys _ are from Class One.2. 他有一個朋友的父親是醫(yī)生。他有一個朋友的父親是醫(yī)生。He has a friend _.3. 我仍然記得第一次見到詹妮弗的那一天。我仍然記得第一次見到詹妮弗的那一天。I still remember the day _ _.whose father is a doctor漢譯英漢譯英who are playing footballmet Jenniferwhen I first 4. 她是那個和我一起去那兒的女孩。她是那個和我一
27、起去那兒的女孩。 She is the girl _.5. 這就是那個去年我待的地方。這就是那個去年我待的地方。 This is the city _ I stayed last year. = This is the city where I stayed last year. with whom I went therein which6. 我永遠不會忘記我和你待在一起的日子。我永遠不會忘記我和你待在一起的日子。 Ill never forget these days _ _ I stayed with you. = Ill never forget these days when I stayed with you. in/duringwhich
英語必修三外研版 Module5 Great people and great invention(共34張PPT)
