江蘇省高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第10講 動詞的時態(tài)課件

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1、Success belongs to you!Everyone is No. OneEveryone is No. One1.一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時2.一般過去時一般過去時3.一般將來時一般將來時4. 現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時5. 過去進行時過去進行時6. 現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時7. 過去完成時過去完成時8. 現(xiàn)在完成進行時現(xiàn)在完成進行時通過例句體會不同時態(tài)的的含義差別通過例句體會不同時態(tài)的的含義差別：The teacher writes his own notes. （現(xiàn)在習(xí)續(xù)性動作）（現(xiàn)在習(xí)續(xù)性動作）The teacher is writing his notes now. （暫時的還在進行的動作

2、）（暫時的還在進行的動作）The teacher has already written his notes. （現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成的動作）（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成的動作）Xiao Wang comes late often. （現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常性的動作）（現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常性的動作）Xiao Wang is always coming late. （帶有不滿的色彩）（帶有不滿的色彩）I read a book yesterday evening. （在過去時間的動作）（在過去時間的動作）I was reading a book yesterday evening. （過去時間未完成的持續(xù)動作）（過去時間未完成的持續(xù)動作）I

3、have read the book. （現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)讀完那本書了）（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)讀完那本書了）She is always finding fault with others. (她總是挑剔別人的毛病。她總是挑剔別人的毛病。)He is constantly leaving things about. (他總是丟三拉四。他總是丟三拉四。)I am hoping you can come and have supper with us. (我正希望您能來和我們一起吃晚飯。我正希望您能來和我們一起吃晚飯。（比如（比如I hope語氣更委婉）語氣更委婉）She has been saying that tw

4、enty times. (這話她已經(jīng)說了這話她已經(jīng)說了20遍。遍。 )一、一般現(xiàn)在時：一、一般現(xiàn)在時：構(gòu)成構(gòu)成：1 1）、）、+be(am+be(am/is/are/is/are)+)+表語（狀態(tài)表語（狀態(tài)/ /處處所所/ /年齡年齡/ /職業(yè)等）職業(yè)等） 2)2)、(I/ We /You /They /Sbs)+v.(I/ We /You /They /Sbs)+v. 3)3)、 單數(shù)第三人稱構(gòu)成形式：單數(shù)第三人稱構(gòu)成形式：He /She /It )+Vs /Ves.He /She /It )+Vs /Ves.用法用法; ;、表示目前或現(xiàn)在存在的狀態(tài)或特征、表示目前或現(xiàn)在存在的狀態(tài)或特征.、

5、在時間或者條件狀語從句中表示將、在時間或者條件狀語從句中表示將來發(fā)生的動作來發(fā)生的動作、 表示格言或警句表示格言或警句 Pride goes before a fall.4、表示按計劃、規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動作（句、表示按計劃、規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動作（句中都帶有時間狀語），但限于少數(shù)動詞，中都帶有時間狀語），但限于少數(shù)動詞，如：如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。等。 The rain starts at nine in the morning.。6、在、在here, there 開頭的句子里表示現(xiàn)在瞬開頭

6、的句子里表示現(xiàn)在瞬間的動作。間的動作。 Here comes the bus.7、用于新聞標題、體育解說詞、舞臺指導(dǎo)、用于新聞標題、體育解說詞、舞臺指導(dǎo)、說明等說明等China declares manned spaceflight successful.8、表示狀態(tài)和感覺的動詞、表示狀態(tài)和感覺的動詞(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等等)常用一般常用一般現(xiàn)在時?，F(xiàn)在時。 The story sound very interesting.對一般現(xiàn)在時的考查對一般現(xiàn)在時的考查1.考查其基本概念：近幾年，對一般現(xiàn)在時的考查其基本概念：近幾年

7、，對一般現(xiàn)在時的考查常用過去時態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)對考生進行考查常用過去時態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)對考生進行干擾。干擾。 -Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend? - Terry? Never ! She _ tents and fresh air. A. has hated B. hated C. will hate D. hates對一般現(xiàn)在時的考查對一般現(xiàn)在時的考查2. Your compositionbeautifully. Is it the one I saw you write yesterday? A.is readB. was

8、 readC. readsD. read2.(1)在時間狀語從句，條件狀語從句和讓步狀語從句中，在時間狀語從句，條件狀語從句和讓步狀語從句中，如果主句中的動詞用一般將來時，從句中的動詞通如果主句中的動詞用一般將來時，從句中的動詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。He will have learned English for eight years by the time hefrom the university next year. A. will graduateB. will have graduatedC. graduates D. is to gradu

9、ate(2)表示客觀事實或普遍的真理表示客觀事實或普遍的真理 Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, which _the Pacific, and we met no storm. A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called二、一般過去式一般過去式構(gòu)成形式:）、肯定形式：was /were+表語 Ved +.）、否定形式： was/were not+ 表語 didnt+V. wasnt= was not werent= wer

10、e not）、疑問形式：Was/ were+S+表語? Did +S+V?用法：用法：1）表示過去某一時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)）表示過去某一時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)2）表示過去某一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性發(fā)生的動作。）表示過去某一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性發(fā)生的動作。 I used to smoke. During the vacation I would swim in the sea.3)在狀語從句中表示過去將來發(fā)生的動作。在狀語從句中表示過去將來發(fā)生的動作。4)表示過去發(fā)生的一連串動作，最后兩動詞之間用表示過去發(fā)生的一連串動作，最后兩動詞之間用and連接。連接。表示過去習(xí)慣性動作時，可以用表示

11、過去習(xí)慣性動作時，可以用used to或或would，但，但used to側(cè)重于過去與現(xiàn)在的比較，側(cè)重于過去與現(xiàn)在的比較，指現(xiàn)在已不那樣了；指現(xiàn)在已不那樣了；would注重過去習(xí)慣性發(fā)生注重過去習(xí)慣性發(fā)生的動作的動作。 只用一般過去式的特殊句型只用一般過去式的特殊句型a.It is （high/about）time that sb. did sth. 早該早該了了 (虛擬虛擬語氣語氣) b.Sb would （had） rather sb. did sth.表示表示寧愿某人做某寧愿某人做某事事。（虛擬語氣）。（虛擬語氣）c.I wish I had a better memory. (虛擬語氣

12、虛擬語氣)注意：注意： 用過去時表示現(xiàn)在，表示委婉語氣。用過去時表示現(xiàn)在，表示委婉語氣。d.情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 could, would。例如：。例如：Could you lend me your bike?對一般過去時的考查對一般過去時的考查1.考查在沒有明確的過去時間狀語的句子中，語境往考查在沒有明確的過去時間狀語的句子中，語境往往表示過去，往表示過去，“剛剛，剛才剛剛，剛才”之意，暗示現(xiàn)在已不這之意，暗示現(xiàn)在已不這樣樣注意注意：思維定式的干擾因素思維定式的干擾因素He _ football regularly for many years when he was young. A. was

13、 playing B. played C. has played D. had played- Your phone number again？I _ quite catch it.- Its 9568442.A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant對一般過去時的考查對一般過去時的考查3. Sheteachers for help whenever she had problems in study. A. would askB. was askingC. had asked D. will askThis is the first time Imy first

14、picture with my own hands. It is time that youa picture for me. A. took; will takeB. took; tookC. have taken; tookD. will take; have taken三、一般將來時三、一般將來時; ;構(gòu)成形式：構(gòu)成形式： (I/We) shall +V(I/We) shall +V. S+ will +V. S+ will +V. . S+(I /We) shant +VS+(I /We) shant +V. shant = shall not. shant = shall not S

15、+ wont +VS+ wont +V. wont + will not. wont + will not Shall +S(I /we) + VShall +S(I /we) + V? ? Will + S + VWill + S + V? ?用法用法1.1.表示將來某一時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)（為模糊概念）。表示將來某一時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)（為模糊概念）。注意注意：1)1)willwill帶有意愿色彩意味，在帶有意愿色彩意味，在第二人稱第二人稱時，用來詢問對方是否愿時，用來詢問對方是否愿意或客氣的命令。意或客氣的命令。2)2)shallshall用于第一、三人稱時，用來征求對方意見

16、或表示建議，相用于第一、三人稱時，用來征求對方意見或表示建議，相當(dāng)于當(dāng)于Lets?Lets?結(jié)構(gòu)二：結(jié)構(gòu)二：be going to do(強調(diào)計劃性或客觀性強調(diào)計劃性或客觀性)結(jié)構(gòu)三：結(jié)構(gòu)三：be to do(表示職責(zé)命令表示職責(zé)命令,相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于 should/must;或表示或表示“注定注定”)結(jié)構(gòu)四：結(jié)構(gòu)四：be about to do(=be on the point of doing; 表示表示“即可即可,就要就要”,后面不能接時間狀語后面不能接時間狀語)結(jié)構(gòu)五：結(jié)構(gòu)五：be coming/going/starting/leaving/etc. (動詞大多為瞬間動詞動詞大多為瞬間動詞

17、)結(jié)構(gòu)六：結(jié)構(gòu)六：如果強調(diào)動作如果強調(diào)動作“列入日程列入日程”,不會隨便改變，經(jīng)常用一般不會隨便改變，經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)表示，這類動詞大多為表現(xiàn)在時態(tài)表示，這類動詞大多為表“止止”的動作，的動作，如：如：come, go, leave, arrive, fly, open, close, end, stop等。等。1.Because I _ the next day, I went to bed early on Saturday evening. A. was leaving B. will leave C. had leftD. was about to leave2.- Can I jo

18、in your club, Dad? - You can when you _ a bit older. A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will hove got3.You _ in your homework this afternoon. A. are to hand B. will hand C. are about to hand D. hand in四、現(xiàn)在進行時四、現(xiàn)在進行時構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成：S+ be (am /is /are) +Ving 用法：用法：1 1）表示此時此刻或現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。）表示此時此刻或現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。2 2）某些

19、動詞的進行時可以表示將來發(fā)生的動作。）某些動詞的進行時可以表示將來發(fā)生的動作。同同always, oftenalways, often等連用是表示贊揚、厭煩。等連用是表示贊揚、厭煩。3 3）在狀語從句中表示將來發(fā)生的動作。）在狀語從句中表示將來發(fā)生的動作。He is writing a letter nowIm hoping to hear from you.The boy is always talking in the class.When you are crossing the street, be careful. 對現(xiàn)在進行時的考查對現(xiàn)在進行時的考查 1.Selecting a m

20、obile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly. A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change 2.- Oh, dear. I forgot the air tickets. - You _ something. A. have left B. are always leaving C. are leaving D. always left對現(xiàn)在進行時的考查對現(xiàn)在進行時的考查 3. Johnme to t

21、he opera tonight. He is to pick me up at my house at 5: 00 p. m. . A. takesB. has takenC. would takeD. is taking考點注意考點注意; ;下列這些詞沒有進行時態(tài)下列這些詞沒有進行時態(tài)1)1)感知或感覺的動詞：感知或感覺的動詞：hear, see, seem, smell, sound, look, hear, see, seem, smell, sound, look, feelfeel等。等。2)2)表示心理或情感的動詞：表示心理或情感的動詞：like, love, hate, pre

22、fer, wishlike, love, hate, prefer, wish等。等。3)3)表示狀態(tài)存在的動詞：表示狀態(tài)存在的動詞：be, exist, remain, stay, be, exist, remain, stay, 等。等。4)4)表示占有或存屬關(guān)系動詞：表示占有或存屬關(guān)系動詞：have, own, belong, containhave, own, belong, contain等。等。5)5)表示思考、理解等心理活動的動詞：表示思考、理解等心理活動的動詞：believe, doubt, forget, believe, doubt, forget, know, remem

23、ber, understandknow, remember, understand五、過去進行時五、過去進行時; ;構(gòu)成；表示過去某一時間或某一段時間內(nèi)正在表示過去某一時間或某一段時間內(nèi)正在S+ was /were+ S+ was /were+ VingVing.用法;1) 1)進行的動作。進行的動作。2)2)描述故事發(fā)生的背景。描述故事發(fā)生的背景。3)come, go, leave3)come, go, leave等動詞的過去進行時表示過去將來。等動詞的過去進行時表示過去將來。 I was doing my homework I was doing my homework this time

24、 last nightthis time last night. . The wind was blowing and it was raining.The wind was blowing and it was raining. He said that the train was leaving the stationHe said that the train was leaving the station.對過去進行時的考查對過去進行時的考查1.在某特定的語境中的使用在某特定的語境中的使用Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no id

25、ea. He _ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done2.表示說話前剛剛結(jié)束的動作表示說話前剛剛結(jié)束的動作-Hey, look where you are going?-Oh, sorry. I _.A.Im not noticing B. I wasnt noticingC. I havent noticed D. I dont notice六、現(xiàn)在完成時六、現(xiàn)在完成時構(gòu)成：S+ has /have+ ppS+ has /have+ pp. .用法：1）表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果，常于表示過去發(fā)

26、生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果，常于already, ever, never, just, yet, stillalready, ever, never, just, yet, still等詞連用。等詞連用。2 2）表示過去某一時間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)（常與）表示過去某一時間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)（常與延續(xù)性動詞連用）。且常與延續(xù)性動詞連用）。且常與forfor和和sincesince等表示一段時間的狀語連等表示一段時間的狀語連用。即：用。即：for+for+一段時間或一段時間或since+since+過去時間或從句。過去時間或從句。3 3）在時間或條件狀語從句中表示將來

27、。）在時間或條件狀語從句中表示將來。注意一注意一have been(to)與與have gone( to)的區(qū)別：的區(qū)別：have been(to)表示表示“去過某地（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了）去過某地（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了）”，可用于各人，可用于各人稱；可與稱；可與once ,never,several times等連用等連用have gone(to)表示表示“去某地了（說話時某人不在當(dāng)?shù)兀┤ツ车亓耍ㄕf話時某人不在當(dāng)?shù)兀?，常用于，常用于第三人稱，不能加幾次時間狀語。第三人稱，不能加幾次時間狀語。They have been to Beijing twice. He has gone to Beijing

28、. 注意二注意二1.如單純表示一段時間，或強調(diào)一段時間，如單純表示一段時間，或強調(diào)一段時間，雖有雖有since一詞，也不必用完成時。如：一詞，也不必用完成時。如：It is two years since his father died. =His father has been dead for two years. 2.終止性動詞現(xiàn)在完成時的否定式，已變成終止性動詞現(xiàn)在完成時的否定式，已變成一種可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，因此可以和表示一一種可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，因此可以和表示一段時間的狀語連用。如：段時間的狀語連用。如：I havent left here since 1997. 3.現(xiàn)在完成時不能單獨與

29、準確時間連用（如現(xiàn)在完成時不能單獨與準確時間連用（如表示過去的時間狀語）表示過去的時間狀語） 如如:yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon）等，除非與等，除非與for,since連用連用.4.不能與不能與when連用連用. 對現(xiàn)在完成時的考查對現(xiàn)在完成時的考查1.考查影響性和延續(xù)性用法考查影響性和延續(xù)性用法(1)When they went to the theatre, the play _for five minutes.A. had been on B. had begun C. has begun D. was on(2)

30、In recent years many football clubs _ as business to make a profit. A.have run C. have been run C. had been run D. will run對現(xiàn)在完成時的考查對現(xiàn)在完成時的考查考查影響性和延續(xù)性用法考查影響性和延續(xù)性用法3. Hey, whomy iPhone? I put it here just now. I dont know. A. has takenB. takesC. was takingD. had taken對現(xiàn)在完成時的考查對現(xiàn)在完成時的考查考查與現(xiàn)在完成進行時的區(qū)別考查

31、與現(xiàn)在完成進行時的區(qū)別1.現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)完成，現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)持續(xù)性、現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)完成，現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)持續(xù)性、未完成未完成I have written an article. I have been writing an article.2.現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)事件的結(jié)果，現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)事件的結(jié)果，現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)事件理由事件理由-Hi, Tracy, you look tired.- I am tired. I _ the living room all day.A.Painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have

32、 painted七、過去完成時七、過去完成時; ;構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成： had+ pphad+ pp. .用法：用法：、表示過去某一時間或某一動、表示過去某一時間或某一動作之前已完作之前已完 成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)（過去的過去）。（過去的過去）。2 2、表示過去某一時間開始延續(xù)到過去、表示過去某一時間開始延續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作或狀態(tài)（用延續(xù)性動另一時間的動作或狀態(tài)（用延續(xù)性動詞）。詞）。、表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的愿望或打算。、表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的愿望或打算。、常連用的時間狀語有、常連用的時間狀語有by the last by the last /by the end of last/by

33、the end of last常用于下列句型中：常用于下列句型中：1 1）Hardly /No sooner/ScarcelyHardly /No sooner/Scarcely( (過去完成過去完成時時)when /than)when /than（一般過去時一般過去時）。）。2 2）It /This /That was the time thatIt /This /That was the time that( (從句用從句用過去完成時過去完成時) )。3 3）It was +It was +一段時間一段時間+since(+since(從句用過去完成從句用過去完成時時) )。(1).Scar

34、cely had he gone into the room when the phone_. A. rang B. had rung C. would ring D. ring (2)._ the school when the bell rang. A. I hardly had B. Hardly had I reached C. I hardly reached D. Hardly did I reach對過去完成時態(tài)的考查對過去完成時態(tài)的考查經(jīng)常以經(jīng)常以“過去過去”為背景，要想表達比這一背景更早為背景，要想表達比這一背景更早的動作，即的動作，即“過去的過去過去的過去”.1.The h

35、otel wasnt particularly good, but I _ in many worse hotels.A. was staying B. stayed C. would stay D had stayed 2.The news came as no surprise to me. I _ for some time that the factory was going to shut down. A.had known B. knew B.C. have known D. know表示愿望、打算等的詞，如表示愿望、打算等的詞，如hope, expect, mean , inte

36、nd, want 等，用過去完成時表示等，用過去完成時表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的過去未曾實現(xiàn)的愿望愿望- We _ that you would fix the TV set this week.- Im sorry. I _ to fix it this week, but Ive been too busy.A. had expected; had intendedB. are expecting; had intendedC. expect; intendD. expected; intend_八、過去將來時：八、過去將來時：構(gòu)成構(gòu)成: 、S +would /should +V.用法：用法：1.

37、)表示過去某一時間看將要發(fā)生的動作：表示過去某一時間看將要發(fā)生的動作： 2.)would為情態(tài)動詞時，可表示過去的習(xí)慣；現(xiàn)在客氣的請求和愿為情態(tài)動詞時，可表示過去的習(xí)慣；現(xiàn)在客氣的請求和愿望。望。 The old man would sit in the cocking chair.3.)was/were going to do sth 也可以表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的打算或意圖也可以表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的打算或意圖等。例如等。例如; -You should have come to the meeting yesterday evening. -I was going to, but my mother

38、 suddenly fell ill and I had to send her to hospital.4) 注意以下結(jié)構(gòu)注意以下結(jié)構(gòu) was/were about to dowhen was/were on the point of doingwhen特殊句式中的時態(tài)特殊句式中的時態(tài)1.在在“ It /This/That + be +序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞+time +that 從從句句 ”的句型中的句型中，要注意主從句時態(tài)的一致。如果主，要注意主從句時態(tài)的一致。如果主句為一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時，從句謂語常用現(xiàn)在句為一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時，從句謂語常用現(xiàn)在完成時；如果主句為一般過去時，從句謂語則常用

39、完成時；如果主句為一般過去時，從句謂語則常用過去完成時。過去完成時。e.g.：1. I was lucky actually, because that _ the second time I _China that year . A.was; had visited B. was; visited C. is; have visited D. was; have visited 2. It is the first time that I _to the Great Wall.A. have been B. came C. had been D. come2.在在“ It + be + 一段

40、時間一段時間 + since從句從句”的句型中的句型中, 如如果果主句主句為為一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時，從句從句常用常用一般過去時一般過去時；如；如果果主句主句為為一般過去時一般過去時，從句從句則常用則常用過去完成時過去完成時。如：如： - What was the party like? - Wonderful. Its years since I _ myself so much. A. enjoyed B. had enjoyed C. was enjoying D. had been enjoyed3.在在“It+be+一段時間一段時間 + before從句從句”的句型中，如果的句型中，如

41、果主句為主句為一般將來時一般將來時，從句常用，從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時；如果主句為；如果主句為一般過去時一般過去時，從句則常用，從句則常用一般過去時一般過去時。如。如1. It will be six years before we _ again. A. will meet B. meet C. met D. have met 2. It _ not long before he told us about the affair. A. will be B. is C. had been D. was Remember:Remember:1.根據(jù)語境，分析動作發(fā)生時間和動作特根據(jù)語境，分

42、析動作發(fā)生時間和動作特點。點。2.牢記固定結(jié)構(gòu)中時態(tài)用法。牢記固定結(jié)構(gòu)中時態(tài)用法。3.掌握時態(tài)的特殊用法。掌握時態(tài)的特殊用法。1.I _in London for many years，but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China. A. lived B. was livingC. have lived D. had lived2.You were out when I dropped in at your house.Oh, I _ for a friend from England at the airpor

43、t. A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited3. He was hoping to go abroad but his parents _ that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.A. were deciding B. have decided C. decided D. will decide4. When the old man _ to walk back to his house, the sun _ itself

44、behind the mountain.A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid5The crazy fans _ patiently for two hours, and they will wait till the movie star arrives.A.were waiting B. have been waitingC. had waited D. would wait6. Since I won

45、the big prize, my telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People _ to ask how I am going to spend the money. A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning7.The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields. A. had seen, was picking B. saw, picked C. had seen, picked D. saw, was picking8.-Do you kno

46、w our town at all ? -No, this is the first time I _ here.A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming 9.Hell be an astronaut by the time he _ thirty.A. is B. had been C. will be D. is going to be10. - Mary didnt come yesterday. - But she _. A. has promised B. promised C. promises D. had promised 11. It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment. A. will not be, will know B. is , will know C. will not be , know D. is , know12. - Dont throw your cigarette out of the window. -Oh, I _. A. am not thinking B. wasnt thinking C. havent thought D. dont think