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1、專題八非謂語動詞專題八非謂語動詞-2-考情概覽1.考查對謂語動詞與非謂語動詞的識別,要求明確句子的結構和意義,掌握非謂語動詞的基本用法。2.考查不定式的一般式做定語、狀語、賓語補足語的用法,也考查不定式的被動式和完成式。四個選項通常是不同的非謂語動詞形式,考查考生對句中動詞的先后關系以及動詞和相應名詞的邏輯關系的分析能力。3.考查動詞-ing形式的一般式做主語、狀語、定語、補語等的用法,也考查其否定式和完成式。題干設置簡單,考查動詞-ing形式的基本用法。4.考查過去分詞做定語、狀語和補語的用法。把過去分詞和動詞-ing形式的被動式放在一起考查。題干長短不一,信息明確,考查考生對不同的非謂語動
2、詞形式的掌握情況。動詞之間的時間關系以及動詞和相關名詞之間的邏輯關系是考查的重點。-3-考點一考點二考點三考點四考點五考點六考點七謂語與非謂語形式的識別試題以復雜的結構和冗長的句式呈現(xiàn),考查考生是否能分清句子成分,理解句子結構,明白句子意義,正確判斷,識別動詞在句中是否充當謂語?！镜淅治觥?(2016天津卷,4)The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, air conditioning unnecessary.A.makingB.to makeC.madeD.being made答案為A項。句意:涼爽的風通過臥室的窗子吹進來,使得
3、吹空調(diào)變得沒有必要。本句中的“涼爽的風通過臥室的窗子吹進來”與“使得吹空調(diào)變得沒有必要”存在因果關系,故用動詞-ing 短語做結果狀語,表示一種自然而然的結果。而動詞不定式做結果狀語時,表示出乎意料的結果,故排除B項。-4-考點一考點二考點三考點四考點五考點六考點七 the early flight,we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.A.CatchingB.CaughtC.To catchD.Catch答案為C項。句意:為了趕上早班飛機,我們提前預訂了一輛出租車并且早早起床。根據(jù)句意可知,此處用動詞不定式做目的狀語。-5-考點
4、一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四非謂語形式做主語非謂語形式做主語時,形式主語it常用來代替不定式短語做主語。如:It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.但在It is no use/good doing sth.和It is a waste of time doing sth.句型中,it代替動詞-ing短語做主語。如:Its no use arguing with them.-6-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四【典例分析】 the difference between the two research findin
5、gs will be one of the worst mistakes you make.A.IgnoreB.IgnoringC.IgnoredD.Having ignored答案為B項。分析句子結構可知,will be是本句的謂語,因此“ the difference between the two research findings”是主語,四個選項中,只有B項可以做主語。句意:忽視兩個研究發(fā)現(xiàn)之間的區(qū)別是你所犯的最嚴重的錯誤之一。-7-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四非謂語形式做賓語1.部分(短語)動詞后面只能接不定式做賓語。常見的有:agree/ask/decide/dem
6、and/expect/fail/hope/learn/manage/offer/plan/promise/pretend/refuse/wish/would like (love)等。如:He agreed to lend me his bike.He refused to say sorry to me.2.部分(短語)動詞后面只能接動詞-ing做賓語。常見的有:avoid/appreciate/consider/delay/enjoy/escape/admit/ finish/imagine/mind/miss/practise/suggest/keep (on)/feel like/de
7、vote oneself to/give up/be (get) used to/addict oneself to/be busy/be worth/insist on/look forward to/prefer .to .等。如:He admitted taking my money.Do you try to avoid making her annoyed?-8-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四3.部分(短語)動詞后接不定式和動詞-ing形式時,含義不同,應注意區(qū)分。-9-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四-10-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四-11-考
8、點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四如:After her early teaching career she went on to become a doctor.He went on telling us the story after a short rest.(8)want/need/require to be done=want/need/require doing sth.(某事)需要被做。want/need/require to do sth.(某人)需要做某事。如:This plant needs to be watered once a week.The road nee
9、ds rebuilding.I want to join the army.-12-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四(9)advise/allow/permit doing sth.建議/允許做某事,advise/allow/ permit sb.to do sth.建議/允許某人做某事。如:I advised holding a meeting to discuss the matter.He often advises people to use their brains.-13-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四【典例分析】 When it comes to in pu
10、blic,no one can match him.A.speakB.speakingC.being spokenD.be spoken答案為B項?？疾榉侵^語動詞。句意:當談到在公共場合演講時,沒有人能比得上他。when it comes to . “當談到”,其中to為介詞,其后接名詞或動詞-ing形式。Its quite hot today.Do you feel like for a swim?A.to goB.goingC.goD.having gone答案為B項?？疾榉侵^語動詞。feel like doing sth.表示“想要做某事”,其中l(wèi)ike為介詞,后面用動詞-ing形式。-
11、14-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四非謂語形式做定語各類非謂語形式做定語的不同點。1.時間關系不同:不定式做定語通常表示一個未發(fā)生的動作;動詞-ing形式做定語通常表示一個正在進行的動作、經(jīng)常性的動作或狀態(tài);過去分詞做定語多表示已完成的動作,或沒有一定的時間性(只表示被動關系)。如:I have a lot of work to do.The tall girl standing there is a basketball player.This is a play written by Shakespeare.-15-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四2.邏輯關系不同:不
12、定式做定語時所修飾的詞可能是它的邏輯主語,也可能是它的邏輯賓語;動詞-ing形式做定語時所修飾的詞一定是它的邏輯主語;過去分詞做定語時所修飾的詞一般是它的邏輯賓語。如:He is the first to get here.He is the man to depend on.He is the very person looking for you.I want the letter posted.3.不定式為不及物動詞時,所修飾的名詞如果是地點、工具等,不要遺漏必要的介詞。如:He found a good house to live in.-16-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點
13、四【典例分析】 (2016浙江卷,10)To return to the problem of water pollution,Id like you to look at a study in Australia in 2012.A.having conductedB.to be conductedC.conducting D.conducted答案為D項。該句中study與動詞conduct 是被動關系,且根據(jù)后面的時間狀語in 2012可知,該研究已經(jīng)完成,故用過去分詞做后置定語。如果用to be conducted,雖然也表示被動,但不定式表示動作尚未發(fā)生;having conduct
14、ed是動詞-ing形式的完成式,表示主動關系。故選D項。-17-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四特別提醒解答非謂語形式做定語的題目,可以從三方面著手。(1)理解句子結構,不要被假象所迷惑,確定所選的答案是用來修飾名詞或代詞的。(2)分析非謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間。表示將來通常用不定式形式;表示進行通常用動詞-ing形式;表示完成通常用過去分詞形式。(3)分析非謂語動詞與所修飾的名詞或代詞的邏輯關系。主動關系通常用動詞-ing形式;被動關系通常用過去分詞形式。-18-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四非謂語形式做狀語1.不定式做狀語:(1)表示目的,直接用不定式或so as to/i
15、n order to。如:Many farmers fertilize their crops in order to make them grow more quickly.(2)表示結果,更常見于so .as to,such .as to,enough to,too .to結構中,only接不定式也常表示出乎意料的結果。如:I visited him only to find him out.(3)表示原因,用在做表語的某些表示情感的形容詞或過去分詞后面,說明產(chǎn)生某種情緒的原因或是在哪方面存在謂語所表示的情況等。如:They were very sad to hear the news.-
16、19-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四2.動詞-ing形式做狀語:動詞-ing形式做狀語表示的必須是主語的一個動作,即它的邏輯主語就是句子的主語。動詞-ing形式可以做狀語,表時間、原因、結果、方式或伴隨情況。表原因時,通常放在句首;表結果時,通常放在句子后面,表示自然而然的結果。如:Hearing the news,they all jumped with joy.He fired his gun,killing the wolf.All night long he lay awake,thinking of the problem.-20-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點
17、四3.過去分詞做狀語:過去分詞的動作與句子的主語是邏輯上的動賓關系。過去分詞可以做狀語,表時間、原因、條件、結果、讓步、方式或伴隨情況。如:Seen from the hill,the city looks more beautiful.Given better attention,the cabbages could have grown better.-21-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四【典例分析】 (2017天津卷,14)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, more patients to be
18、 treated.A.being allowedB.allowingC.having allowedD.allowed答案為B項。句意:醫(yī)院最近購買了新的醫(yī)療設備,這使得更多的患者能得到醫(yī)治。前面的句子和allow之間構成主動關系,故用動詞-ing做結果狀語。-22-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四(2016浙江卷,19)I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do with students.A.workingB.workC.to work D.worked答案為A項。該句中一個關鍵的搭配是have fun doing“做某事很快樂”
19、,as后面的部分完整形式應為I now have fun working with students,為了避免重復,使用代動詞do代替have fun。故選A項。(2016北京卷,26) it easier to get in touch with us,youd better keep this card at hand.A.MadeB.MakeC.MakingD.To make答案為D項。句意:想要更容易地和我們?nèi)〉寐?lián)系,你最好把這張卡片帶在身邊。由句意可知,設空處為動詞不定式做目的狀語。故選D項。-23-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四特別提醒非謂語形式做狀語時,應注意以下三點
20、:(1)不定式通常做目的狀語。(2)動詞-ing形式做狀語時,與句子主語是主動關系。(3)過去分詞做狀語時,與句子主語是被動關系。-24-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四非謂語形式做補語和表語1.advise/allow/ask/beg/expect/encourage/force/get/invite/order/permit/persuade/tell/warn/wish等動詞后面常用不定式做補語。如:Tell the children not to play on the street.The police warned us not to go out at night.2.
21、make/let/have等使役動詞后面用不帶to的不定式做補語,但在被動句中則使用帶to的不定式。如:They make the students do too much homework every day.The students are made to do too much homework every day.-25-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四3.感官動詞后面可用不帶to的不定式、動詞-ing形式或過去分詞做補語。從時間上看,不定式表示發(fā)生或完成;動詞-ing形式強調(diào)正在進行;過去分詞表示完成。從邏輯關系上看,不定式和動詞-ing形式與賓語之間存在著主謂關系;過去分
22、詞與賓語之間存在著動賓關系。如:I saw him cross the street.I saw him crossing the street.I saw him surrounded by a group of students.-26-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四4.介詞with和without后面可接復合賓語。不定式做補語常表示將來;動詞-ing形式做補語常表示賓語與補語是主動關系或正在進行;過去分詞做補語常表示賓語與補語是被動關系或已經(jīng)完成。如:I cant go out with all these dishes to wash.I cant do my homewo
23、rk with all the noise going on.All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.5.動詞不定式、動詞-ing形式及過去分詞均可用做表語。如:Jacks wish is to persuade his brother to change his mind.The reason he gave was very convincing.I am convinced of his honesty.-27-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四【典例分析】 Back from his two-year medical s
24、ervice in Africa, Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother good care of at home.A.takingB.takenC.takeD.be taken答案為B項。分析句子可知,空白處缺的是“see+賓語+賓語補足語”中的賓語補足語。因為賓語his mother和短語動詞take care of之間為動賓關系,故用過去分詞做賓語補足語,表示被動含義。所以B項正確。be taken雖然表示被動關系,但它可用于情態(tài)動詞或助動詞后成為謂語動詞的一部分,不能做賓語補足語。句意:結束兩年的非洲醫(yī)療服務回到家,李醫(yī)生很高興看到母親在家得到
25、很好的照料。-28-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四Listening to music at home is one thing,going to hear it live is quite another.A.performB.performingC.to perform D.being performed答案為D項。句意:在家聽音樂是一回事,聽現(xiàn)場演奏的音樂又是另外一回事。hear后面的代詞it指代上文出現(xiàn)的music,music與perform之間存在邏輯上的被動關系,所以用被動形式做賓語補足語。-29-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四The old couple
26、often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog them.A.to followB.followingC.followedD.follows答案為B項。句意:這對老夫婦經(jīng)常晚飯后去公園散步,后面跟著他們的寵物狗。此處是with復合結構,可排除D項;由于賓語pet dog與follow之間為邏輯上的主謂關系,可排除C項;不定式一般表示將來,可排除A項;答案為B項,動詞-ing形式做補語。-30-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四非謂語動詞的否定式、進行式、完成式和被動式1.非謂語動詞的否定式均是在前面加not。如
27、:He pretended not to see me.I regret not following his advice.Not having tried his best,he failed in the exam.-31-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四2.不定式的進行式、完成式和被動式。當謂語動詞表示的動作(情況)發(fā)生時,不定式動作正在進行,不定式要用進行式。如:The boy pretended to be working hard.當不定式的動作在謂語動作之前發(fā)生時,不定式要用完成式。如:I happened to have seen the film.當不定式的邏輯主語
28、為不定式動作的承受者時,不定式要用被動式。如:The patient asked to be operated on at once.-32-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四3.動詞-ing形式的完成式、被動式、完成被動式和帶有邏輯主語的復合結構。如:We remembered having seen the film.He came to the party without being invited.He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.His not knowing English
29、 troubled him a lot.當動詞-ing形式的動作早于謂語動作之前發(fā)生時,動詞-ing形式要用完成式。如:Having done his homework,he played basketball.-33-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四當動詞-ing形式的邏輯主語為其動作的承受者時,動詞-ing形式要用被動式。如:The problem being discussed is very important.Having been told many times,the naughty boy still made the same mistake.動詞-ing形式的完成
30、被動式和過去分詞都表示被動和完成,兩種形式做狀語時常可互換,但做定語時只能用過去分詞形式,不能用動詞-ing形式的完成被動式。The island,joined to the mainland by a bridge,is easy to go to.-34-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四【典例分析】 (2015天津卷,8) for two days,Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.A.To workB.WorkedC.To be workingD.Having worked答案為D項。句意:已經(jīng)工作兩天了,史蒂夫總算設
31、法按時完成了他的報告。主語Steve和work之間是主動關系,而且work發(fā)生在managed之前,所以用動詞-ing形式的完成式。-35-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore,he can go shopping without .A.recognizingB.being recognizedC.having recognizedD.having been recognized答案為B項?？疾榉侵^語動詞。句意:這位影星戴著太陽鏡。因此他購物的時候可以不被別人認出來?？崭裉帪榻樵~without的賓語,故要用動
32、詞-ing形式,且表示被動關系,因此B項正確。-36-考點一考點二考點三考點五考點六考點七考點四 which university to attend,the girl asked her teacher for advice.A.Not knowingB.Knowing notC.Not knownD.Known not答案為A項?？疾榉侵^語動詞。句意:由于不知道上哪一所大學,這個女孩向她的老師征求建議。非謂語動詞的否定式,應把not置于非謂語動詞的前面,故排除B項和D項;由于know與主句的主語the girl之間存在主動關系,故選A項。-37-1.(2017北京卷,27)Many air
33、lines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online their valuable time.A.saveB.savingC.to save D.saved解析 句意:為了節(jié)省乘客寶貴的時間,很多航空公司現(xiàn)在允許乘客在網(wǎng)上打印登機牌。動詞不定式表示目的。2.(2017江蘇卷,21)Many Chinese brands, their reputations over centuries,are facing new challenges from the modern market.A.having developed
34、B.being developedC.developedD.developing解析 句意:許多中國品牌已經(jīng)建立了幾個世紀的聲譽,現(xiàn)在正面臨著來自現(xiàn)代市場的新挑戰(zhàn)。主語brands和develop之間是主動關系,而且develop發(fā)生在are facing之前,所以用動詞-ing的完成式。故選A項。CA-38-3.(2017北京卷,30)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, from butterflies to elephants.A.ranging B.rangeC.to rangeD.ranged解析 句意:這座國家公
35、園里有很多野生動物,范圍從蝴蝶到大象。句子的主語“The national park”與“range”是主動關系,所以用動詞-ing形式做定語。4.(2017北京卷,32)Jim has retired,but he still remembers the happy time with his students.A.to spendB.spendC.spendingD.spent解析 句意:吉姆已經(jīng)退休了,但他仍然記得與他的學生們一起度過的歡樂時光。the happy time與spend之間為被動關系,所以用過去分詞形式做后置定語。AD -39-5.(2017天津和平區(qū)二模,5) for
36、many years,the novelist suddenly became famous.A.Having ignoredB.Having been ignoredC.IgnoringD.To be ignored解析 句意:被忽視了多年以后,這位小說家突然名聲大噪。ignore與主語the novelist之間為邏輯上的動賓關系,故用被動語態(tài),排除A、C兩項。主句謂語為一般過去時,從句應用ignore的完成時,排除D項。動詞-ing形式做狀語,故選B項。B-40-6.(2016北京卷,28) over a week ago,the books are expected to arrive
37、 any time now.A.OrderingB.To orderC.Having orderedD.Ordered7.(2016北京卷,32)Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, the old town into a dreamland.A.turnB.turningC.to turnD.turnedD 解析句意:這些書是一星期以前訂購的,現(xiàn)在隨時都可能到達。分析句子結構可知,非謂語動詞在句中做狀語,主語the books 與 order之間是邏輯上的被動關系且表示完成,故選D項。B解析句意:新建成的木房沿街而立,把舊城變成了夢想之地。
38、分析句子結構可知,空處在句子中做結果狀語,新建成的木房沿街而立與turn之間是主動關系,故選turning。-41-8.If for the job,youll be informed soon.A.to acceptB.acceptC.acceptingD.accepted9.After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress,Anne Benedict went on all the people who had helped in her career.A.to thank B.thankingC.having thankedD.t
39、o have thankedD 解析句意:如果你被錄用做這份工作,你很快就會接到通知。主語you與動詞accept之間存在被動關系,所以用過去分詞形式。A解析go on to do 和go on doing都可以指“繼續(xù)干某事”,但go on doing表示“接著繼續(xù)做同一件事”; go on to do表示“接著做另一件事”。分析句子可知,Anne Benedict 先receive the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress,然后thank all the people,這是兩件不同的事。故選A項。句意:獲得奧斯卡最佳女配角獎之后,安妮本尼迪克特接下來感謝了
40、所有在事業(yè)上幫助過她的人。-42-10.Like ancient sailors,birds can find their way the sun and the stars.A.usedB.having used C.using D.use11.In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared, the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”.A.combineB.combinedC.combiningD.being combinedC 解析句意:和古代的水手一樣,鳥類能通過太陽和星星找
41、到它們的路。分析句子結構可知,所填部分在句中做狀語,且use與主語birds之間為主謂關系,故選C項。C 解析句意:最近幾年,一個英語單詞“infosphere”出現(xiàn)了,它結合了“information”和“atmosphere”兩個詞的意義。分析句子結構可知,此處用動詞-ing形式短語做后置定語,修飾infosphere。-43-12.Much time sitting at a desk,office workers are generally troubled by health problems.A.being spentB.having spentC.spentD.spendingC
42、 解析句意:大部分時間都坐在桌前,辦公室員工普遍受到健康問題的困擾。分析句子結構可知,前后兩部分之間無連詞,因此“Much time sitting at a desk”不是句子而是獨立主格結構;spend與time之間是動賓關系,可以排除B、D兩項;本題描述的是一種客觀事實和普遍現(xiàn)象,因此用一般現(xiàn)在時而不是進行時態(tài)。所以選C項。-44-13.Little Tom sat watching the monkey dancing in front of him.A.amazeB.amazingC.amazedD.to amazeC 解析句中的watching .為動詞-ing形式短語做伴隨狀語,
43、而空白處需要的也是狀語,表示小湯姆坐著看猴子跳舞時的狀態(tài),因為強調(diào)人的自身感受,故用amazed做方式狀語,意為“驚訝的,驚奇的”。amazing表示給別人造成的感受,意為“令人驚奇的”,不合句意。句意:小湯姆驚奇地坐著,看他面前的猴子跳舞。-45-14.With the world changing fast,we have something new with all by ourselves every day.A.dealB.dealtC.to deal D.dealing15.She stormed into the boss office about her co-workers
44、behavior.A.complainingB.complainedC.having complained D.to complainC 解析句意:隨著世界的迅速變化,每天我們都會有一些新的事情要獨自解決。空格處做定語修飾something new。deal with“處理”,用動詞不定式做定語,表示動作尚未發(fā)生。D解析句意:她非常氣憤地走進老板的辦公室,抱怨她同事的行為?？崭裉幱胻o complain表示stormed into.的目的,故用動詞不定式。-46-16.With so many friends me,I had no difficulty finishing the work
45、on time.A.to helpB.helpedC.helping D.have helped17.Several people deserve for their assistance in providing information for this report.A.being mentionedB.mentioningC.mentionedD.to mentionC 解析句意:有那么多朋友幫助我,我不費勁就按時完成了工作。這是“with+賓語+賓語補足語”句式。動詞help與賓語friends之間是主動關系,且表示當時正在進行,故用動詞-ing形式。B解析句意:有幾個人因為他們?yōu)檫@次
46、報道提供了幫助信息而值得提一下。deserve是及物動詞,意為“應受;值得”,后面常跟動詞-ing形式表示被動意義。-47-18.(2016天津高考“名師圈題”模擬一,5)How pleasant the picture is to !A.be looked B.for looking at C.looking at D.look atD解析句意:這幅畫看起來是多么的令人愉快!pleasant是形容詞,做is的表語,后面的動詞不定式用主動形式表示被動意義。19.Henry cant attend the party at Toms house at present because he has
47、 to prepare for his trip to New York tomorrow.A.being heldB.holdC.to holdD.to be heldA 解析句意:亨利不能夠參加現(xiàn)在正在湯姆家中舉行的宴會,因為他必須為明天的紐約之行做準備?！?at Toms house at present”是定語修飾party,hold“舉行”,與the party之間是被動關系,排除B項和C項。此處表示正在進行的事,故選A項。-48-20.His heart swelled with pride as he stood there, his son graduate.A.watchin
48、gB.being watchedC.to watchD.watchedA 解析句意:當他站在那兒看到他的兒子畢業(yè)時,心中充滿了自豪。分析句子結構可知,he和watch之間為邏輯上的主謂關系,應用動詞-ing形式短語做伴隨狀語。故選A項。-49-21. by the nurses,he was slowly recovering and could now swallow some solid food.A.Having been attendedB.Having attendedC.Being attendedD.To be attended22.They thought the propos
49、als forward at the meeting were of little significance.A.puttingB.putC.to putD.having putA 解析句意:在護士的照料下,他正在慢慢地恢復,現(xiàn)在能吞咽一些固體食物了。分析句子結構可知,attend與句子主語he之間是邏輯上的動賓關系,而“was slowly recovering”表明照顧是從過去開始并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作,應該用動詞-ing形式的完成被動式。故選A項。B解析句意:他們認為會議上提出的那些建議意義不大。那些建議是在會議上被提出來的,故用過去分詞做后置定語。-50-23.This drug is
50、 less likely to cause side effects when late in the day.A.takingB.takenC.to takeD.takesB 解析句意:當在一天中的晚些時候服用時,這種藥不太容易產(chǎn)生副作用。分析句子結構可知,此處是狀語從句的省略形式,完整形式為:when it is taken late in the day。24.the sun for a long time is the cause of the crack of the old tire.A.Being exposed toB.To expose toC.Exposing toD.Exposed toA 解析句意:被長時間暴露在陽光下是這個舊車胎開裂的原因。分析句子結構可知,空處在句中做主語,且expose與其邏輯主語the old tire之間是被動關系。故選A項。-51-25.Once again I found myself standing at the crossroads,two paths ahead of me.A.lainB.lyingC.to lie D.lieB解析空格處是補語,表示名詞two paths的狀態(tài),lie表示“存在”,與two paths是主動關系,而且表示當時的狀態(tài),故用動詞-ing形式lying。
天津市高考英語二輪復習 第一部分 單項填空 專題八 非謂語動詞課件
