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1、1.英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣，英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣， 陳述語(yǔ)氣，陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣和祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣。2.2. 定義：用來(lái)表示說(shuō)的話定義：用來(lái)表示說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)不是事實(shí)，或者是或者是不可能發(fā)生不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小可能性比較小的的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語(yǔ)氣叫虛擬語(yǔ)氣。語(yǔ)氣叫虛擬語(yǔ)氣。它通過(guò)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的它通過(guò)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的特殊形式來(lái)表示特殊形式來(lái)表示。一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣定義一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣定義第1頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)Q:Whats the difference between the two sentences?If I am free, I will visit you.
2、 If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. （虛擬條件句虛擬條件句） (真實(shí)條件句真實(shí)條件句）第2頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)a. ifa. if真實(shí)條件句真實(shí)條件句 表示條件是表示條件是真的或真的或有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的, , 采用采用陳述語(yǔ)氣陳述語(yǔ)氣。b. ifb. if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句表示對(duì)事實(shí)的相反的表示對(duì)事實(shí)的相反的假設(shè)，或是假設(shè)，或是虛擬的或幾乎無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)的虛擬的或幾乎無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)的, , 采用采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣。第3頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)What would you do if you won the lottery（彩票）? If I won the lo
3、ttery, I wouldDiscussion第4頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. 1. 與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反事實(shí)相反第5頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)If I were the schoolmaster , I would let the students get up a little later.schoolmaster第6頁(yè)/共38頁(yè) 總 結(jié)if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句 主句主句與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相事實(shí)相反的假反的假設(shè)設(shè) did（be動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞用were)would( should / might / could )動(dòng)原動(dòng)原第
4、7頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday.2.與與過(guò)去過(guò)去事實(shí)相反事實(shí)相反第8頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)If he had got up early, he would not have been late for school.如果他早起，他就不會(huì)上學(xué)遲到。如果他早起，他就不會(huì)上學(xué)遲到。第9頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句主句主句與與過(guò)去過(guò)去事實(shí)相事實(shí)相反的假反的假設(shè)設(shè) had +donewould ( should / might / could )have don
5、e 總 結(jié)第10頁(yè)/共38頁(yè) If I met Obama some day, I would shake hands with him. If I were to meet Obama some day, If I should meet Obama some day, 3.與與將來(lái)將來(lái)事實(shí)相反事實(shí)相反第11頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句主句主句與與將來(lái)將來(lái)事實(shí)事實(shí)相相反的假反的假設(shè)設(shè)1、did (be用用were)2、were to do3、should dowould ( should / might / could )動(dòng)原動(dòng)原 總 結(jié)第12頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)一般條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣一般條
6、件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣時(shí)時(shí) 間間 If If 條件句條件句主主 句句過(guò)去過(guò)去現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在 將來(lái)將來(lái)第13頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)ifif條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣時(shí)時(shí) 間間 If If 條件句條件句主主 句句過(guò)去過(guò)去had donewould should +have done sthcouldmight現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在 diddid（bebe用用werewere） would should + do sthcouldmight將來(lái)將來(lái)did（be用用were ）should dowere to dowould should + do sthcouldMight第14頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)一、語(yǔ)法填空：1. If I _(
7、not, see) it with my own eyes, I wouldnt have believed it. (2015.北京卷）2. Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? If you _(tell) me, I could have helped. (2016.北京卷）3. If I had time this evening, I _(go) to your birthday party.4. If it should rain, the crops _ (save).hadnt seenhad toldwould
8、 gowould be saved第15頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)二、單句改錯(cuò)：1. If you are me, would you talk to them? (2015.四川卷）2. I know nothing about the film. If I knew about it, I will tell you. 3. If she worked hard enough, she would have passed the English exam.werewouldhad第16頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)三、書(shū)面表達(dá)（2013.廣東卷）對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬第17頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)1. 假如我們的城市中沒(méi)有清潔工，我們會(huì)生活在
9、一個(gè)很糟糕的環(huán)境中。2. 假如我們的城市中沒(méi)有清潔工，我們會(huì)被垃圾淹沒(méi)。3. 假如我們的城市中沒(méi)有清潔工，疾病會(huì)迅速傳播。 1. If there were no cleaners in the city, we would live in a bad environment.2. If there were no cleaners in the city, we would be drowned in the rubbish.3. If there were no cleaners in the city, diseases would spread quickly.Translation第
10、18頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)二、賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣二、賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣1. I wish + 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：過(guò)去：將來(lái)：將來(lái)：過(guò)去時(shí) (be用were)過(guò)去完成時(shí) (had done)would/could do I wish I were a bird. (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (過(guò)過(guò)去去) We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (將來(lái)將來(lái))第19頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)I wish I _ (fly) like a bird some day.could fly第20頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)I wi
11、sh every day _ (be) my birthday.were第21頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)I wish I _( not eat ) so much watermelon.hadnt eaten第22頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)2. I would rather 現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：將來(lái)：將來(lái)：過(guò)去：過(guò)去： I would rather you _(pay) me now. (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) I would rather you _ (go) there yesterday. (過(guò)去過(guò)去) Dont come. I would rather you _(come) tomorrow. (未來(lái)未來(lái))過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)p
12、aid had gonecame第23頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)三、常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞：三、常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞：一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist兩個(gè)命令：兩個(gè)命令：order, command 三條建議：三條建議：advise, suggest, propose四項(xiàng)要求：四項(xiàng)要求：demand , require, request, ask 這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞 使用使用should + should + 動(dòng)詞原動(dòng)詞原形，或者將形，或者將shouldshould省略。省略。第24頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)1.1.我們建議我們建議Tom去休息一下。去休
13、息一下。2.他堅(jiān)決要求我到場(chǎng)。他堅(jiān)決要求我到場(chǎng)。3.他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ鳌?.We suggested that Tom a rest.2.He insisted that I present.3.They requested that we themshould have (should) beshould send to work there.第25頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)當(dāng)suggest 表示“暗示,表明”; insist表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí); 不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣！His accent suggests that he comes from Hunan.I insist
14、 that he was wrong.第26頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)3).Its （high） time +that -should +V.過(guò)去時(shí)你該走了。我們?cè)撍X(jué)了。Its high time that you .Its high time that you .Its time that we .Its time that we to bed. wentshould gowent to bedshould go第27頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)4）Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important / a pity+ that - 從句中的動(dòng)詞要從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即用虛擬，即(s
15、hould)+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.2. It is strange that she should refuse to come to the party.3. Its necessary that we should study hard.第28頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)5） as if /though + 從句從句現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí) They talked as if they had been friends for years. She loves the baby a
16、s if it were her own son.第29頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)6） If only 要是要是.就好了就好了 = I wish If only I knew his name now! If only we had followed your advice last time! If only I could see him again next year!現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：過(guò)去：將來(lái)將來(lái) :一般過(guò)去時(shí)（一般過(guò)去時(shí)（be用用were）had donewould/could +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形if only第30頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)7) Its suggested ( ordered, demand
17、ed, proposed, commanded, requested, desired, insisted, required ) that 后面的主語(yǔ)從句中要使用后面的主語(yǔ)從句中要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，也以虛擬語(yǔ)氣，也以 ( should )+ v原原.的形式出的形式出現(xiàn)?，F(xiàn)。 Its ordered that teachers ( should ) teach English at schools. Its requested that all the students ( should ) wear school uniforms at school.第31頁(yè)/共38頁(yè) 以上這些動(dòng)詞的以上這些動(dòng)
18、詞的名詞形式名詞形式后面的表語(yǔ)從句后面的表語(yǔ)從句 和同位語(yǔ)從句中也要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，也應(yīng)以和同位語(yǔ)從句中也要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，也應(yīng)以 (should) + v(should) + v原原. . 的形式出現(xiàn)。的形式出現(xiàn)。 My suggestion is that you ( should ) go home first before coming here.My advice is that you (should) practise speaking English as often as possible.第32頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)注意:當(dāng)suggest 表示“暗示”; insist表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí); 不
19、用虛擬語(yǔ)氣！His accent suggests that he comes from Hunan.I insist that he was wrong.第33頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)1 He suggested that the meeting put off. A. is B. was C. would be D. should be 2 It is strange that he so. A. thinks B. think C.thought D. will think 3 I wish I my uncle yesterday. A. met B. have met C. would meet
20、 D. had met 第34頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)4 The old professor gave orders that the experiment before 6. A. was finished B. will finish C. should be finished D. shall be finished 5 Its high time that he home. A. goes B. went C. will go D. is going to go第35頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)6 If only I _ to my parents advice! A. listening B. listen C. am listening D. had listened 7. If the parents _at the hospital earlier after the accident, the child would have been saved.A. arrives B. arrive C. had arrived D. has arrived第36頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)第37頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)感謝您的觀看。第38頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)
if虛擬條件句 公開(kāi)課PPT課件
