2020版高考英語大一輪復習 課時達標17 Unit 2 Working the land（含解析）新人教版必修4

課時達標(十七) Unit 2 Working the land 閱讀理解A課標話題人與自我·生活與學習體裁說明文詞 數(shù) 336難度 A survey of university backgrounds of heads of major global companies found that Harvard in the United States was the most likely place that they have studied in.The Times Higher Education magazine ranked the universities attended by chief executive officers(CEO) of Fortune Global 500 companies. There are four US. universities in the top 10, with three from France, two from Japan and one from South Korea. The highest ranked UK. university is Oxford in 21st place.This league table, described as the Alma Mater Index, shows which universities around the world taught the bosses of some of the worlds biggest companies. One in twenty had a degree from a single institution, Harvard. This included MargaretC Whitman of Hewlett­Packard, Jeffrey R. Immelt of General Electric and Vittorio Colao of Vodafone.But the top 10 for producing business leaders does not contain all the usual names that appear at the top of university rankings. Oxford and Cambridge are absent, but the University of Pennsylvania in the US. and Keio University in Japan are included, along with three French universities, headed by the École Polytechnique.Across the top 100, universities from the US. dominate , followed by universities in China, Japan, France and Germany. There are more CEOs who went to university in Asia than in Europe. In terms of national comparisons, UK. universities produced the sixth highest number of global chief executives, with Oxford in 21st place and Cambridge in 45th place.But even though Harvard might have taught the biggest number of bosses from the top 500 companies, it was not attended by any of the heads of the biggest 10 companies, who were from a more diverse range of universities.Royal Dutch Shell is headed by a graduate of Zurich University of Applied Sciences; Walmart is headed by a student of Georgia Tech and Exxon Mobil has a chief executive from the University of Texas, Autin. Three of the leaders of these biggest companies went to university in China and the head of Volkswagen went to university in Stuttgart.語篇導讀哪所大學培養(yǎng)的世界級公司的CEO多？Times Higher Education雜志給出了答案。1How many Asia universities are among the worlds top 10 universities for global CEOs?AOneBTwo.CThreeDFour.解析C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知，在這項調(diào)查中排名前10的大學中日本有2所，韓國有1所，即亞洲有3所，故選C項。2.What does the underlined word “dominate” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?ADecreaseBAccelerate.CTake the leadDMake great progress.解析C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后面的followed(緊隨其后的)可知，畫線詞應該表達“領先”之意，故選C項。3What can we learn about the UK. universities?ACambridge University ranks highest among them.BNone of them are among the top 10 list of the survey.CThey performed better than French universities on the list.DThey produced the second highest number of global CEOs.解析B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，英國排名最高的是牛津大學，位居第21名，由此推知，英國沒有一所大學在這項調(diào)查結果中位居世界前10名，故選B項。4Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AThe Rankings of the Famous Universities in the WorldBWhich Is Described as the Best University in the World?CStudents Are Currently Entering Various Top­class UniversitiesDWhich University Tops the League Table of Where Bosses Studied?解析D標題歸納題。本文為一項調(diào)查報告的結果，綜觀全文，再結合每段第一句可知，本文重點介紹的是世界級公司的CEO曾經(jīng)就讀的、位居Times Higher Education雜志調(diào)查排行榜的大學，故選D項。B課標話題人與自我·生活與學習體裁說明文詞 數(shù) 306難度 Are the super­rich more likely to be better educated? Or have they given up scholarship and dedicated themselves to the serious business of being seriously rich?According to a global census(統(tǒng)計) of dollar billionaires, almost two­thirds have a university degree. In the UK., more than four out of five billionaires are in higher education.The census was produced by the Swiss banking group and a Singapore­based financial intelligence firm. It examines the wealth and background of more than 2,300 billionaires and the findings undermine the image of the wealthy as being self­taught self­starters trained in the market.As well as being much more likely to be graduates, a quarter have postgraduate degrees and more than one in 10 has a doctorate(博士學位)This map of wealth also shows that these dollar billionaires are likely to have attended some of the traditionally best­known universities.The top 20 for universities producing billionaires is dominated by famous US. institutions, which take 16 of the places. The University of Pennsylvania has produced more than any other institution followed by Harvard, Yale, the University of Southern California, Princeton, Cornell and Stanford.And the most likely way of making money is by dealing in money with billionaires mostly making their fortunes through finance, banking and investment.But there are also some indications that the geography of the super­rich is changing. Reflecting Indias growing economy, the University of Mumbai is in ninth place in the league table. The only UK. university in this wealth list is the London School of Economics, in 10th place, with no place for Oxford or Cambridge.But the dominance of the US. universities is not simply about the US. producing more billionaires. More than a quarter of the billionaires who attended US. universities to take undergraduate degrees are from other countries.語篇導讀世界上的頂級富豪們，學歷水平是怎樣的？多數(shù)自學成才白手起家？本文給出了答案。5How many billionaires surveyed have a university degree according to the census?AAbout 766BAbout 1,533.CAbout 1,725DAbout 2,300.解析B數(shù)字計算題。根據(jù)第二、三段可知，這項統(tǒng)計共覆蓋了2 300多名億萬富翁，其中三分之二的人擁有大學學位，2 300×2/31 533，故選B項。6The underlined word “undermine” in Paragraph 3 probably means “_”Ato make something betterBto make something deeperCto make something less strongDto make something more interesting解析C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)該統(tǒng)計可知，三分之二的億萬富翁擁有大學學位，這一結果應該會“削弱”人們對于億萬富翁自學成才和白手起家形象的認識，故選C項。7What do we learn from the census?ANo Asian universities are in top 10 list.BA quarter of these billionaires have a doctorate.CU.S. universities make up 80 percent of the top 20 list.DMost billionaires who attended US. universities were from abroad.解析C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段第一句可知，在產(chǎn)生億萬富翁大學排行榜前20名中，美國大學占了16席，故選C項。8Which would be the best title for the text?AWhere Do Billionaires Go to University?BHow Do Universities Produce Billionaires?CWhy Do Billionaires Get Higher Education?DWhat Makes Billionaires Successful?解析A標題歸納題。本文主要介紹了一項關于億萬富翁教育背景的統(tǒng)計調(diào)查，重點介紹了產(chǎn)生億萬富翁大學排行榜，也就是他們都上哪些大學，故選A項。 七選五課標話題人與自我·未來職業(yè)規(guī)劃體裁說明文詞 數(shù) 232難度 Getting into a nursing school requires good grades and preparation. The field of nursing is one of the fastest growing career paths, which is predicted to increase by 26 percent in hiring at least through 2020. _1_ Pay attention to important factors that will determine your success.TestsPerforming well in the test is important for entrance to a nursing school. The Test of Essential Academic Skills(TEAS Test) is required by most nursing schools for admission. You can take practice tests for the TEAS Test through a number of schools and online programmes as well as the Assessment Technology Institute. _2_ The TEAS Test consists of four sections that measure reading, maths, science and English comprehension.Prerequisites(必備條件)Its better if students have completed the most prerequisites. _3_ You must complete them before earning your nursing degree. While you can continue with those studies after being accepted into a nursing programme, there is a long waiting list of nursing candidates. If nursing is your final goal, find out early in your college career which courses will be required. _4_ ExperienceAny experience in caring for the sick looks good on a nursing school application. Everything from volunteering at a local nursing home to caring for a disabled brother counts. _5_ All other scores and prerequisites being equal, added care­giving experience can affect your chances of getting into the nursing school of your choice.AEncourage yourself.BYou need to consider your major.CEach school has a list of entry­level courses.DIts a company that provides educational courses for the nursing profession.EWith many jobs available, more students are trying to get into nursing schools.FBecause the experience may push you forward into the accepted list of applicants.GAnd take those courses while earning good grades, before you begin the nursing school application process.語篇導讀本文就如何成功進入一所理想的大學學習護理專業(yè)給出了建議。1解析E順承關系。根據(jù)上句信息“到2020年對護士的需求至少增長26%”可知，E項(由于工作崗位充足，更多的學生努力考取護理學校)符合語境，故選E項。2解析D詮釋關系。代入各選項，根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處只有解釋Assessment Technology Institute的職能符合邏輯，故選D項。3解析C順承關系。上句說“學生最好完成大部分必備條件”，下句說“你必須修完它們才能獲得護理學位”，因此空處應與必備條件有關，C項符合語境，故選C項。4解析G遞進關系。根據(jù)上文信息可知，如果護理專業(yè)是你的終極目標，一定要盡早弄清楚需要學習的課程，因為申請護理專業(yè)的學生很多，G項符合語境，故選G項。5解析F因果關系。根據(jù)上句內(nèi)容“在當?shù)仞B(yǎng)老院做志愿者工作以及照顧殘疾的兄弟都有價值”，及下句中表示的比別人多些護理經(jīng)驗能影響你被錄取的機會可知，F(xiàn)項符合語境，故選F項。 語法填空課標話題人與社會·社會進步體裁說明文詞 數(shù) 202難度 Some consumers still tend to focus on labels, 1. _ (feel)proud that they have a product made in Italy without knowing that a growing number of Italian products come from factories that are Chinese­owned and staffed.The products 2. _ were marked “Made in China” gave the buyers an 3. _ (impress) of “l(fā)ow price and low cost, low technology and development.” The statement used to be true, 4. _ now it has changed.“Made in China” is becoming a leading part in the world market. Chinas garment industry(制衣業(yè)) has been investing in producing technology and training for 5. _ (decade), and its workforce has collectively gotten better at sewing garments. As a result, the quality of Chinese­made clothes is rising fast.It has been home 6. _ a highly­skilled, highly­specialized garment industry, one that supplies even some high­end labels and offers the 7. _ (good) mix of price, speed and quality in the world.Nowadays, products made in China are recognized by luxury fashion brands. Indeed, luxury fashion labels routinely 8. _ (make) things in China.Despite the rising wages and cost of doing business in China, many luxury brands, such as Burberry, Armani, and Prada 9. _ (produce) things here so far, because theyre still able to get good workmanship at a 10. _ (relative) low price.語篇導讀本文介紹了中國制衣業(yè)形象在國際上轉變的原因及其現(xiàn)狀。1feeling解析考查非謂語動詞。句中已有謂語動詞，空前無連詞，故用非謂語動詞形式。Some consumers與feel為邏輯上的主謂關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作伴隨狀語。 2which/that解析考查引導詞。分析句子結構可知，空處引導定語從句并在從句中作主語，先行詞是the products，故填which/that。 3impression解析考查詞性轉換。根據(jù)空前的an可知，此處應填impress的名詞形式impression。 4but/yet解析考查并列連詞。根據(jù)空后的has changed可知，此處與上文形成轉折關系，故填but或yet。 5decades解析考查名詞的數(shù)。decade為可數(shù)名詞，空前沒有限定詞，故填復數(shù)形式decades。 6to解析考查介詞。be home to是的家園/所在地，為固定搭配。 7best解析考查比較等級。根據(jù)空前的the和空后表示范圍的in the world可知，此處應用最高級作定語修飾mix。 8make解析考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處描述的是客觀事實，應用一般現(xiàn)在時；主語為luxury fashion labels，謂語應用復數(shù)；make與主語之間為主謂關系，用主動語態(tài)，故填make。 9have produced/have been producing解析考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)so far可知，此處用完成時態(tài)；根據(jù)語境可知，此處可以表示從過去到現(xiàn)在的動作，并且有可能繼續(xù)下去，故用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時；主語many luxury brands與produce之間為主謂關系，故謂語用復數(shù)且用主動語態(tài)?！緺钤P記】常與完成時連用的時間狀語“already, yet, ever, up to now, recently, so far, in the last/past時間段，since時間點，for時間段”都是完成時態(tài)的標志。10relatively解析考查詞性轉換。空處作狀語修飾形容詞low，故填副詞relatively。 7