三年高考（2017-2019）高考英語(yǔ)真題分項(xiàng)匯編 專題03 形容詞和副詞（含解析）

三年（2017-2019）年高考真題分項(xiàng)匯編專題03 形容詞和副詞 一、2019年高考真題1.【2019·江蘇卷·單項(xiàng)填空】28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people _ options to exercise.A. casualB. regularC. flexibleD. tight【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：不像傳統(tǒng)的體育鍛煉，有app軟件的體育鍛煉提供了靈活的鍛煉選項(xiàng)。A. casual偶然的，隨便的；B. regular定期的，有規(guī)律的；C. flexible靈活的；D. tight緊的，密封的。故選C。2.【2019·新課標(biāo)I卷·語(yǔ)法填空】It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _62_ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.【答案】poorly【解析】考查副詞用法。根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此處用副詞poorly修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞has been studied，意為“研究很少”。故填poorly。3.【2019·新課標(biāo)II卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Her years of hard work have _63_(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.【答案】finally【解析】考查副詞用法。根據(jù)空格所處位置可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞形式作狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞have been acknowledged，意為“最終得以認(rèn)可”，故填finally。4.【2019·新課標(biāo)III卷·語(yǔ)法填空】On our way to the house，it was raining _61_ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.【答案】so【解析】考查副詞。句意：在我們?nèi)ツ亲孔拥穆飞?，雨下得如此大以至于我們不能不想還要多久才能到達(dá)那里?！皊othat”意為“如此以至于”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。故填so。二、2018年高考真題1.【2018·江蘇】34. Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.A. keen B. reluctantC. anxious D. ready【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：盡管旅館服務(wù)不好，經(jīng)理還不愿投入為員工提供足夠的培訓(xùn)。A. keen敏銳的；B. reluctant不情愿的；C. anxious渴望的；D. ready準(zhǔn)備好的。故選B。點(diǎn)睛：本題側(cè)重考查在特定的語(yǔ)境中辨析形容詞詞義的能力。因此，考生必須充分利用這一特定語(yǔ)境。同時(shí)，考生應(yīng)注意多積累由形容詞組成的固定短語(yǔ)。本題中4個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)中都可以與to連用。be keen to渴望；be reluctant to不情愿做；be anxious to急于；be ready to樂意，再分析句意可以得出答案。2.【2018·新課標(biāo)I卷·語(yǔ)法填空】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners.【答案】 longer【解析】考查副詞的比較級(jí)。醫(yī)學(xué)報(bào)告顯示：經(jīng)常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根據(jù)than可知用比較級(jí)，故填longer。3.【2018·新課標(biāo)I卷··短文改錯(cuò)】I felt happily that their life had improved.【答案】happily改成happy 【解析】考查形容詞作表語(yǔ)。他們的生活有了很大提高，我感到很高興。此處形容詞作表語(yǔ)，故將happily改成happy。4.【2018·新課標(biāo)II卷·語(yǔ)法填空】A taste for meat is _63_ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.【答案】 actually【解析】考查副詞。句意：對(duì)肉的需求實(shí)際上是這種變化的背后原因。句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，用副詞修飾句子。故填actually。4.【2018·新課標(biāo)II卷·語(yǔ)法填空】According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _67_ (globe)fertilizer consumption.【答案】 global【解析】句意：中國(guó)約占全球化肥總消費(fèi)量的30%。fertilizer consumption是名詞短語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)該用形容詞修飾。故填global。5.【2018·新課標(biāo)III卷·語(yǔ)法填空】He screams the_63_(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.【答案】 loudest【解析】考查最高級(jí)。根據(jù)后面的of all可知，他聲音最大，所以用最高級(jí)loudest。5.【201·浙江卷·語(yǔ)法填空】There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health.【答案】higher【解析】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。此處修飾名詞cost用形容詞，由even表示程度修飾比較級(jí)，故填higher。三、2017年高考真題【2017·江蘇卷】29. Only five years after Steve Jobs death ,smart phones defeated _ PCs in sales.A. controversial B. contradictory C. confidential D. conventional 【答案】D考點(diǎn)：考查形容詞的辨析【2017·江蘇卷】34. The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But _ explanations are hard to find.A. alternative B. aggressive C. ambiguous D. apparent 【答案】A【解析】試題分析：考查形容詞的辨析。A. alternative可供替代的；B. aggressive好斗的，有進(jìn)取心的；C. ambiguous 有野心的，耗時(shí)的；D. apparent顯而易見的。句意：恐龍的消失未必是由天體災(zāi)害引起的，但是也很難找到其它的解釋。故選A?？键c(diǎn)：考查形容詞的辨析【2017·天津卷】3. I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment.Im sorry, but he is not _ at the moment, for the meeting hasnt ended.A. busy B. active C. concerned D. available【答案】D考點(diǎn)：考查形容詞?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】英語(yǔ)中形容詞的考查主要是考查形容詞的詞義辨析和對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。本句中的語(yǔ)境很明顯，根據(jù)空前的對(duì)不起和空后的原因的解釋，說(shuō)明懷特先生沒有空，即現(xiàn)在很忙。 2016年高考真題1.【2016·江蘇】31.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most_statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.A. explicitB.ambiguousC.originalD.arbitrary【答案】A【解析】試題分析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。形容詞explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱兩可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，專制的；句意：對(duì)于如何以及在什么基礎(chǔ)上收集數(shù)據(jù)，他的綜合調(diào)查提供了最清晰的說(shuō)明。故A正確?？键c(diǎn)：考查形容詞詞義辨析2.【2016·江蘇】31.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most_statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.A. explicitB.ambiguousC.originalD.arbitrary【答案】A【解析】試題分析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。形容詞explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱兩可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，專制的；句意：對(duì)于如何以及在什么基礎(chǔ)上收集數(shù)據(jù)，他的綜合調(diào)查提供了最清晰的說(shuō)明。故A正確。考點(diǎn)：考查形容詞詞義辨析3.【2016·浙江】16. In this article , you need to back up general statements with _ examples.A. specific B. permanent C. abstract D. universal【答案】A 【解析】試題分析：句意：在文章中，你需要用具體的例子來(lái)支持總的觀點(diǎn)。A.具體，明確的；B.永久的；C.抽象的；D.全球的，共通的。故選A。考點(diǎn)：考查形容詞辨析。 【名師點(diǎn)睛】把相似、相近的詞語(yǔ)或結(jié)構(gòu)放在一起作為干擾選項(xiàng)，若我們基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)掌握不牢就難于區(qū)分。解答這類題目，關(guān)鍵是理解題干意思以及各選項(xiàng)副詞的意思，可以像數(shù)學(xué)中的代入法一樣，依次把各個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思放入句子中進(jìn)行比較，不難選出正確答案。還有抓住句中的關(guān)鍵詞general和specific對(duì)應(yīng)。5