2021版新高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 19 Language學(xué)案 北師大版

Unit 19 Language一、語基必備知識(一)重點詞匯分類記憶.閱讀詞匯知其意1punctuation n 標(biāo)點符號2nationwide adv. 全國性地3trend n. 趨勢，傾向4theory n. 理論，學(xué)說5enlarge vt. 擴大6theft n. 偷竊7relative n. 親戚，親屬8tight adj. 繃緊的9transparent adj. 清晰易辨的；透明的10outline vt. 勾出輪廓11certificate n. 證書；證明12diploma n. 畢業(yè)證書13candidate n. 候選人14amateur adj. 業(yè)余的15sincerely adv. 真誠地16purchase vt. 購買.核心詞匯寫其形1thankful adj. 為感到高興的；感謝的2fold v. 折疊；交叉3decade n. 十年4ensure vt. 確保，保證5attain vt. 達到；獲得6accelerate vi.& vt. 加速7guarantee vt. 保證8resemble vt. 像；與相似9target n. 目標(biāo)10unconscious adj. 無意的；不知不覺的11merely adv. 只；僅僅12competence n. 能力13register vt. 登記14punctual adj. 準(zhǔn)時的，守時的.拓展詞匯通其變1fluency n流利度，流暢度fluent adj.流利的，流暢的fluently adv.流利地2accuracy n精確度，準(zhǔn)確度accurate adj.精確的，準(zhǔn)確的accurately adv.精確地3absence n缺乏；缺席absent adj.缺席的，不在場的4surround vt.環(huán)繞，圍繞surrounding adj.周圍的surroundings n環(huán)境5adequate adj.足夠的，充分的adequately adv.足夠地；充分地6adjust vt.調(diào)節(jié)；調(diào)整adjustable adj.可調(diào)整的adjustment n調(diào)節(jié)；調(diào)整7inform vt.告知，通知information n信息8announcement n通告；宣告announce v通知；告知9congratulate vt.祝賀congratulation n祝賀，賀喜10negotiate vt.協(xié)商；談判negotiation n談判；協(xié)商11offence n冒犯；得罪offend v冒犯12approval n贊成；贊許；批準(zhǔn)approve vt.贊成approving adj.同意的；贊成的13applicant n申請人apply v申請application n申請14embarrass vt.使窘迫embarrassing adj.令人難堪的，令人窘迫的embarrassed adj.感到窘迫的embarrassment n窘迫，難堪1.想要一份工作需要什么？certificate證書；證明competence 能力diploma 畢業(yè)證書resume 簡歷application 申請書interview 面試punctual 準(zhǔn)時的；守時的2.前綴“en­”/后綴“­en”動詞知多少enrich使充實enable 使能夠enlarge 擴大ensure 確保，擔(dān)保endanger 使遭遇危險widen 加寬broaden 擴大3.與“購物”相關(guān)的名詞一覽discount折扣customer 顧客consumer 消費者purchase 購買bargain 便宜貨cashier 出納員refund 退款(二)重點短語記牢用活1team_up合作2stand_out 出色；突出3get_ahead 取得成功；獲得進步4rely_on 依靠；依賴5take_the_form_of 采取形式6adjust.to. 調(diào)整以適應(yīng)7inform_sb.of_sth. 通知某人某事8consist_of_ 由組成，構(gòu)成9catch_on 學(xué)會，受歡迎10for_ages 很久，很長時間11congratulate_sb.on_sth. 就某事向某人祝賀12on_purpose 故意地13regardless_of 不管；不顧14on_the_other_hand 另一方面15I_bet 我肯定16more_than 不僅僅，超過1.“devote.to(介詞)”朋友圈adapt.to.使適應(yīng)；使配合adjust.to. 調(diào)節(jié)以適應(yīng)addict.to. 使對上癮apply.to. 把應(yīng)用于prefer.to. 喜歡勝過2.“不管；不顧”詞語一覽in spite of盡管；不管despite 盡管；不管regardless of 不管；不顧no matter 不管，無論leave alone 不管；不理3.“偶然地”和“故意地”短語集錦by accident偶然地by chance 偶然地by design 故意地on purpose 故意地(三)重點句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：It is predicted that.據(jù)預(yù)測It_was_predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.早在十八世紀(jì)的時候，人們就預(yù)測有一天英語會成為全球語言。在過去的幾十年，事實證明確實如此。句型2：whether.or.無論是還是，不管是還是Quality input ensures quality output，whether it is speaking or writing.無論是說還是寫，高質(zhì)量的輸入確保高質(zhì)量的輸出。句型3：while表示對比，意為“而，卻”Somebody jumping for joy is easy to see while a raised eyebrow conveying doubt is easier to miss.歡呼雀躍的人很容易被看到，而挑起眉毛表示懷疑的(人)則更容易被忽略。句型4：provided that引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“如果，倘若”Thirdly，you say that there is a discount provided_that I pay in advance.第三，你們說如果我預(yù)付貨款就有折扣。二、語境強化訓(xùn)練.語境填詞根據(jù)提示寫出該詞的適當(dāng)形式1I think it may take some time before we can have an accurate(準(zhǔn)確的) assessment of the damage.2A number of recent studies indicate that happiness is more easily attained(獲得) after middle age.3(2017·江蘇卷)This complete but brief historical collection is certain to entertain readers young and old, and guaranteed(保證) to present even the biggest history lover with something new!4We just naturally think that the future will resemble(與相似) the past.5Dont be so serious. I merely(僅僅) played a joke on you.6It is a beautiful city, surrounded(surround) by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.7(2017·全國卷)Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent(absence). I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks.8We all came up to the lucky boy to offer our congratulations(congratulate) to him.9The firm wants to avoid any embarrassing(embarrass) questions about its finance.10(2019·全國卷)It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment(adjust), high status has just the opposite effect on us.派生詞練習(xí)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1Im not convinced about the accuracy of the weather report. That is, I think it is not accurate,_for its impossible to predict the weather accurately(accurate)2She could speak fluent English.When we heard her speak English so fluently，we were amazed at her fluency in English.(fluent)3Tom had hoped to meet with the managers approval and from the managers approving nod, he knew that his plan was approved(approve)4To our embarrassment,_all of us had no money to pay the bill.In that embarrassing situation，all of us were very embarrassed(embarrass)5The children are good at adjustingAs for the chairs, they are adjustable and you can make some adjustments to them.(adjust).選詞成篇catch on; provided that; for ages; consist of; differ from; get ahead; keep in mind; keep sb. informed ofTo 1.get_ahead in English, Li Hua has been working very hard to 2.catch_on her lessons 3.for_ages. Several days ago, she joined the English Corner 4.consisting_of twenty students.She 5.differs_from other students in some aspects. For example, she often 6.keeps_in_mind what she has learned and tries her best to 7.keep_herself_informed_of the latest learning methods 8.provided_that she has the opportunity.on the one hand; stand out; adjust oneself to; on the other hand; congratulate sb. on; in the absence ofTo 9.stand_out in his class and make progress, John worked very hard. And to achieve his goal, he 10.adjusted_himself quickly to the new surroundings, learning the latest news.In addition, he attended English evening classes, but soon he was aware that it was hard to learn it well 11.in_the_absence_of the native language environment. So to ensure that he could achieve his goal, 12.on_the_one_hand,_he talked with his foreign teacher as much as possible at school, and 13.on_the_other_hand,_he listened to BBC news reports and watched English programmes.At last, his hard work paid off and all of his friends 14.congratulated_him_on his progress.完成句子1預(yù)計隨著戰(zhàn)爭的繼續(xù)，會有更多人失業(yè)。 It_is_predicted_that more jobs will be lost with the war going on.2無論好壞，我已經(jīng)決定接受這份工作邀請。I have decided to take the job offer, whether_it_is_good_or_bad3我去游泳，而其他的人都打網(wǎng)球去了。I went swimming while the others played tennis.4只要情況允許，我們下周將舉行會議。Provided_that circumstances permit, we shall hold the meeting next week. absencen缺席，不在；缺乏，不存在基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空I shall be in charge in the absence of the manager.During his absence from Guangzhou his co­workers did a lot of work.The accident resulted from his absence of mind during driving.能力提升一句多譯在我很長時間沒有上學(xué)后，我的老師和同學(xué)們都幫助我補習(xí)功課。My teachers and classmates helped me with the lessons after my_long_absence_from_school(absence)My teachers and classmates helped me with the lessons after I_had_been_absent_from_school_for_a_long_time(absent)(1)absence from school/work缺課/缺勤absence of mind 心不在焉的in the absence of (人)不在，缺席； (物)不存在，缺少in ones absence 在某人不在時， 在某人缺席時(2)absent adj. 缺席的，不在的be absent from 缺席；不在佳句背誦 It was his absence of mind during driving that nearly caused a serious accident.就是他開車時的心不在焉才差點導(dǎo)致一起嚴(yán)重事故。 surroundvt.圍繞；環(huán)繞基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空a.(2019·江蘇卷) Steve arrived and sat in the front row, surrounded(surround) by his family.b(2018·天津卷)Now we live in a world surrounded(surround) by the “cant do” attitudes.c(福建卷)Surrounding(surround) yourself with people wholl provide you with respect support can be very beneficial. a.(2018·天津卷) Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings(surround) during the journey?bStanding on the top of the mountain, we can have a good view of the surrounding(surround) hills.能力提升句式升級(普通表達)The tall building in the distance is home to my fathers company. The tall building is surrounded by a great many big trees.(高級表達)The tall building which_is_surrounded_by_a_great_many_big_trees_in_the_distance is home to my fathers company.(定語從句) (1)surround sb./sth.with/by.使某人/某物被包圍(2)surrounding adj. 周圍的surroundings n. 環(huán)境 (通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式) 佳句背誦 Seeing from the hill in the distance, you will find the city of Pingyao is still surrounded by the old city walls.從遠(yuǎn)處的山上看，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)平遙市仍被古城墻圍繞著。名師點津(1)surroundings專指自然環(huán)境；(2)environment可指自然環(huán)境也可指精神環(huán)境，常用單數(shù)形式。詞塊助記some issues surrounding alcohol abuse有關(guān)酗酒的一些問題the surrounding scenery 四周的風(fēng)景 guaranteevt.保證；擔(dān)保n保證；保修；擔(dān)保；抵押品基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空a.I guarantee to_pay(pay) off my debts on time, no matter what happens.bWe should pay attention to small details, which can guarantee us to_succeed(succeed) in the end.The shop said they would replace the television as long as it was still under guarantee.能力提升一句多譯抓住這個機會吧，我保證你不會后悔的。Take this opportunity, and I guarantee_that_you_wont_regret_it(guarantee v)Take this opportunity, and I give_you_a_guarantee_that_you_wont_regret_it(guarantee n)(1)guarantee sb. sth./guarantee sth.to sb.向某人保證某事guarantee to do/that. 保證做；確保(2)under guarantee 在保修期內(nèi)give sb. a guarantee (that). 向某人保證 佳句背誦 Not only is working hard a guarantee of success, but it is also among the essential requirements.努力工作不僅是成功的保證，而且是成功必不可少的要求之一。The car is still under guarantee, so you should be able to get it repaired free of charge.這輛汽車還在保修期內(nèi)，所以你應(yīng)該可以免費修理。 adjustv調(diào)節(jié)，調(diào)整；校準(zhǔn)；使適應(yīng)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空This kind of desk can be_adjusted(adjust) to the height you need. Besides, its not expensive at all.I was wondering whether she could adjust to living(live) in the mountainous village alone.(江蘇卷)Some schools will have to make adjustments(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.能力提升完成句子/句式升級(普通表達)Mikes mother did almost everything for him when he was in high school, and that made_it_difficult_for_him_to_adjust_to(讓他很難適應(yīng)) the first­year college life.(高級表達)Mikes mother did almost everything for him when he was in high school, making_it_difficult_for_him_to_adjust_to_the_first­year_college_life(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語) (1)adjust.to.調(diào)整以適應(yīng)adjust (oneself) to. (使自己)適應(yīng)(2)adjustment n. 調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)make an adjustment to 對進行調(diào)整 佳句背誦 I think that you will quickly adjust (yourself) to them though the weather and the food are different from yours.雖然天氣、食物與你那兒的有所不同，但我相信你會很快適應(yīng)的。名師點津 adjust to.和adjust.to.中的to都是介詞，其后需接名詞或動名詞。 informvt.告知；通知基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(2018·全國卷)Now，I am writing to inform you of some relevant details.The boss asked his secretary to keep him well informed(inform) of the programmes progress.He threatened to_inform(inform) the government of his illegal activities.能力提升詞匯升級(普通表達)Im more than delighted to tell you the good news that a short English film will be shown this weekend in our school.(2018·全國卷)(高級表達)Im more than delighted to inform_you_of the good news that a short English film will be shown this weekend in our school.(1)inform sb. of sth. 告訴/通知某人某事inform sb. that/when/how. 通知某人keep sb. informed (of.) 使某人隨時了解()(2)information n. U通知；消息；情報；信息佳句背誦 Im Li Hua, the captain of our school volleyball team.I am writing to inform you that our team is going to play in the National League. 我是李華，是我們學(xué)校排球隊的隊長。我寫信是想通知你我們隊要參加全國聯(lián)賽。(2019·全國卷) congratulatevt.祝賀；慶賀基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空 (2019·天津卷)I had hoped to send Peter a gift to_congratulate(congratulate) him on his marriage, but I couldnt manage it.Congratulations(congratulate) to you on your qualification for this World Cup Football Championship!能力提升一句多譯我祝賀你在“漢語橋”漢語演講比賽中獲得一等獎。I would like to _express_my_congratulations_to_you_on your receiving the first prize of Chinese Bridge Chinese Speech Contest.(congratulation n)I would like to congratulate_you_on_ your receiving the first prize of Chinese Bridge Chinese Speech Contest. (congratulate vt.)(1)congratulate sb. on祝賀某人某事/做某事(2)congratulation n. 祝賀；恭喜congratulations to sb. on sth. 祝賀某人某事佳句背誦 Congratulations on your making great progress in learning Chinese.祝賀你在學(xué)習(xí)漢語方面取得了很大的進步。(2017·全國卷)名師點津 congratulation在用作名詞時常常要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 resemblevt.像；與相似基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空She resembles her sister in appearance but not in character.The animals make a strange sound, resembling(resemble) the bark of a dog.能力提升一句多譯電影里發(fā)生的事和現(xiàn)實生活幾乎沒有相似之處。What happens in the film is_hardly_similar_to what actually happened.(similar)What happens in the film bears_little_resemblance_to what actually happened.(resemblance)(1)resemble sb./sth.(in).(在方面)與某人/某物相似(2)resemblance n. 相似bear a resemblance to(be similar to.) 與相似 佳句背誦 From afar, the reed houses resemble the rice dumplings we have at Dragon Boat Festival.蘆葦屋遠(yuǎn)看像極了我們端午節(jié)吃的粽子。 get ahead取得進步；獲得成功；領(lǐng)先能力提升完成句子對我來講，此時最重要的是在工作上獲得成功。Getting_ahead_at_work is the most important thing to me at the moment.現(xiàn)在我們必須忘掉所有不愉快的事并且展望未來。We have to forget all the sad things now and look_ahead(全國卷)他雖然受了傷，但是沒有被打垮，他仍然是超越我的。Damaged but not defeated, he was still ahead_of_meget ahead of超過；勝過go ahead 前進；干吧；說吧go ahead with 開始look ahead 向前看ahead of 在之前；勝過，超過 佳句背誦 He was talking about the way to get ahead in business.他正在談如何成功地拓展業(yè)務(wù)。 take the/a form of以的形式出現(xiàn)(存在)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空I saw Mike last nighthe was in good form，which made me relieved.In other words, help in the form of money will be very welcome.(廣東卷)Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment.You need to fill in/out a form if you want to apply for this position.能力提升完成句子(重慶卷)自從那時，我已養(yǎng)成了與朋友定期打籃球的習(xí)慣，這有助于我們變得更強大、 更自信。 Since then, I_have_formed_the_habit_of_playing_basketball with my friends regularly, which helps us to grow stronger and become more confident.(1)form the habit of doing sth.get into/fall into the habit of doing sth.養(yǎng)成做某事的習(xí)慣(2)in the form of 以的形式； 呈現(xiàn)的形式in form 競技狀態(tài)佳的out of form 競技狀態(tài)不佳的 fill in/out a form 填表 佳句背誦 Usually these favors take the form of an introduction, reference, feedback, or broadcast on social media.通常情況下，這些人情的表現(xiàn)形式是相互介紹、做出擔(dān)保、給予反饋或者在社交媒體上傳播信息。 catch on學(xué)會；受歡迎；流行起來；(與to連用)理解；被接受一詞多義寫出下列句中catch on的含義He invented a new game，but it never really caught on.流行起來He is very quick to catch on to things.理解I think this novel will catch on well after it comes out.受歡迎If only this idea could catch on，we should be able to make much money out of it.被接受基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空/單句改錯It is a nice song and I think it will catch on quickly. John ran too fast for me to catch up with him.The girl dressed in white was once caught steal from the supermarket. stealstealingHe was walking in the street when he caught the sight of a bird in the tree. 刪除第二個thecatch hold of抓住catch up (with) 趕上catch sb.doing sth. 撞見某人做某事catch sight of 看見 佳句背誦 Mothers catch on to what their children think about.媽媽們最理解她們的孩子們在想什么。Keep an eye out for the beautiful, observe the unusual, and catch sight of the surprising.留意周圍不經(jīng)意的美麗，觀察那些不同尋常的事物，捕捉那令人驚艷的一瞥。名師點津 “v.on”的相關(guān)短語還有：agree on, carry on, come on, depend on, focus on等。 on the other hand另一方面；反過來說基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空To improve your English, firstly, you should listen more；secondly(second), you should read more；last but not least, you should put what you have learned into use.They didnt buy the car. For one thing, they didnt like its color; for another,_it was too expensive. 能力提升完成句子(2018·浙江卷6月)一方面，我精通英語；另一方面我有陪伴外國朋友的經(jīng)驗。On_the_one_hand,_I have a good command of spoken English；on_the_other_hand I have some experience in accompanying foreign friends.一方面，我對那部電影沒有興趣；另一方面，我沒有時間。For_one_thing,_I dont have any interest in that movie; for_another,_I have no time.表示列舉的表達方式：(1)on (the) one hand .; on the other hand .一方面；另一方面(2)for one thing .; for another (thing) . 首先/一則；其次/二則(3)first(ly) .; second(ly) . 第一；第二 名師點津 (1)on the one hand.; on the other hand. “一方面；另一方面”，常用來表述一個事物的兩個方面，通常用于引出不同的，尤其對立的觀點、思想等。(2)for one thing.; for another (thing).“首先；其次”，所述兩個方面的情況常常一致。 whether.or.無論是還是，不管是還是(教材P6)Quality input ensures quality output，whether it is speaking or writing.無論是說還是寫，高質(zhì)量的輸入確保高質(zhì)量的輸出?；A(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(山東卷)It doesnt matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.(2018·北京卷)When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic.能力提升完成句子(牛津詞典)不管成功與否，我們確實已盡了最大努力。Whether_we_are_successful_or_not,_we can be sure that we did our best.(讓步狀語從句)究竟此事對我們有害還是有利，還有待驗證。Whether_it_will_do_us_harm_or_good_remains to be seen.(主語從句)(1)whether .or .“無論是還是， 不管是還是”， 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。(2)whether .or .也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作主語或賓語。(3)whether也可和or not 連用。 佳句背誦 Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if hes out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses.你兒子可能不是他隊里最好的籃球運動員。但是如果他每天都在那里努力訓(xùn)練，不管他的球隊是贏還是輸，你都應(yīng)該對他的努力提出表揚。(2019·浙江卷6月) provided that引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“如果，倘若”(教材P12)Thirdly, you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance.第三，你們說如果我預(yù)付貨款就有折扣?；A(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空Ill agree to go to that famous city provided(provide) that my expenses are paid.Given(give) that flights are fully booked on that daywhich other day could we go?能力提升一句多譯只要你把作業(yè)做完，你就可以出去玩。You can go out to play as_long_as_you_finish_your_homework(as long as)You can go out to play on_condition_that_you_finish_your_homework(on condition that)You can go out to play provided_that_you_finish_your_homework(provided that)此句中的provided that為連詞，表示“如果，倘若”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，that可以省去，也可用providing替換provided。與之同義的結(jié)構(gòu)還有suppose/supposing that/given that/assuming that/as long as/on condition that等。 佳句背誦 Provided that there is no objection, we will begin the next item.如果沒有異議，我們將開始下一個項目。Providing that he can win the support of most of his classmates, he will be elected monitor.如果他能贏得大多數(shù)同學(xué)的支持，他就會被選為班長。維度一在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式1(2018·天津卷)It took him a long time to acquire(acquisition) the skills he needed to become a good dancer.2He tried to run away but gave up when he found himself surrounded(surround)3My horse turned to the left to avoid the little rabbit as I held on tightly(tight) and tried not to fall.4It is impossible to say with any accuracy(accurate) how many are affected.5With the levels of carbon dioxide in the air increasing rapidly, the global(globe) temperature continues going up.維度二在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~1It is reported that a mine accident happened in a town in Shanxi Province.2The boss asked us to keep him informed of whats going on in the company.3We have been training our students to adjust themselves to the life here.4Provided/Providing that they refuse our plan，who else can you turn to for help?5You may even catch sight of a polar bear on the ice.維度三語境品詞(寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義)1We offered our sincere congratulations to her when she finally graduated from college.祝賀2Surrounded by the sea on three sides, modern Qingdao is considered one of the most livabl