2020屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀中的常見詞匯 妙招5 熟詞僻義分組記單詞學(xué)案

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1、妙招5 熟詞僻義分組記單詞 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.act (常見義：行動) vi.起作用 It just takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act. 只需幾分鐘，藥物就起作用。 2.adapt (常見義：適應(yīng)) vt.修改；改編或改寫(稿本) This movie was adapted from a French novel. 這部電影由一篇法國小說改編而成的。 3.address(常見義：地址；寫地址)vt.稱呼 The president should be addressed as “Mr P

2、resident”． 總統(tǒng)應(yīng)被稱為“總統(tǒng)先生”。 vt.向……發(fā)表演說 He addressed a welcome speech at the meeting. 他在大會上致歡迎辭。 4．a(chǎn)dmit(常見義：承認(rèn)) vt.允許進入 He was admitted into the private garden. 他被允許進入這個私家園林。 vt.容納 The theatre only admits 1,000 audience. 這個劇場只能容納一千名觀眾。 5．a(chǎn)dopt(常見義：采納；采??；采用) v.收養(yǎng)；過繼 The old couple dec

3、ided to adopt the orphan though they were not rich.盡管這對老夫婦并不富裕，但他們還是決定收養(yǎng)這個孤兒。 6．a(chǎn)gree with(常見義：同意) 與……一致；協(xié)調(diào)；適合 Your story agrees with what I heard.你的故事與我所聽到的一致。 Long plane trips don't agree with me.我不適合坐飛機長途旅行 7．a(chǎn)ppeal(常見義：懇求；呼吁) v.(對某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感興趣 The idea of camping has never appealed to

4、me. 對露營這種想法我從來都不感興趣。 8．a(chǎn)ppear(常見義：出現(xiàn)) vi.似乎 You appeared to have made a mistake. 你似乎犯了一個錯誤。 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.back(常見義：背) vt.支持 Many of his friends backed his plan.他的許多朋友支持他的計劃。 2.beat(常見義：擊打) v.(心臟)跳動 Seeing the terrible scene, his heart beats fast. 看到這可怕的場景，他心跳加快。 3.block (常見義：塊)

5、 n.(四面臨街)建筑群；街區(qū) He lives three blocks away from here. 他住的地方與此處相隔三個街區(qū)。 v.阻礙；堵塞 Heavy snow is blocking all roads into Scotland. 大雪阻塞了所有通往蘇格蘭的路。 4．blow(常見義：吹；刮) n.打擊 His wife's death was a great blow to him. 他妻子的去世對他是一大打擊。 5．book(常見義：書) v.預(yù)訂；預(yù)購 I would like to book three seats for tonight

6、's concert. 我想預(yù)訂三個今晚音樂會的座位。 6．build(常見義：修建) n.身材；體型 The football player has a solid build.那位足球運動員體格健壯。 7．buy(常見義：購買) v.相信 No one will buy that excuse.誰也不會相信那個借口。 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.capital (常見義：首都) n.大寫字母 Write your name in capitals, 請用大寫字母寫下您的姓名。please. 2.carry (常見義：搬運；攜帶) v.持有；帶有；刊登

7、 Today's newspapers carry full reports of the president's visit. 今天的報紙刊登了總統(tǒng)訪問的詳盡報道。 3.catch (常見義：抓) v.明白；領(lǐng)會 Sorry, I didn't quite catch what you said. 對不起，我沒太聽明白你的話。 4.cause(常見義：n.起因 v．引起) n.事業(yè) The UN has done a lot for the cause of world peace. 聯(lián)合國為世界和平事業(yè)做了許多貢獻。 5.collect (常見義：收集) v.

8、取走，拿走，接走 His job is to collect his child from school every day. 他的工作是每天從學(xué)校接回孩子。 pany(常見義：公司) n.陪伴；伙伴 You may know a man by the companies he keeps. 你可以從一個人所交的朋友來了解他的為人。 7.count (常見義：數(shù)數(shù)) vi.重要 Every minute counts.每分鐘都很重要。 vt.認(rèn)為 On the whole, she counted herself as a fortunate wife. 總的說來，

9、她自認(rèn)為是一個幸運的妻子。 8．course(常見義：過程) n.課程；航線；一道菜 I'd like to take a refresher course to improve my driving. 我想?yún)⒓友a習(xí)訓(xùn)練課程以提高自己的駕駛技術(shù)。 They were treated with a five-course dinner for lunch. 午飯招待他們的是有五道菜的正餐。 9．cover(常見義：覆蓋) v.夠付(費用)；走完(一段路)；涉及；報道 Here is the money which should cover all your expenses.

10、 錢在這里，應(yīng)該夠付你所有的開支。 He is carrying out a research that covers a wild field. 他正在進行涉及范圍很廣的研究工作。 10．cross(常見義：橫跨) adj.生氣的；惱怒的 I was cross with him for being late.他遲到了，我很生氣。 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.date (常見義：日期) v.追溯；約會 The ancient temple has a long history and can date back to the year 1890 AD.這座古

11、廟歷史悠久，可追溯到公元1890年。 They have been dating in the park.他們一直在公園約會。 2.dear (常見義：親愛的) int.?。√炷? Oh dear! Now he can't find his wallet. 我的天?。‖F(xiàn)在他找不到他的錢包了。 Dear me! What a mess！天哪！亂成什么樣子了！ 3.desert (常見義：沙漠) vt.離開；拋棄；舍棄 The price rise caused many readers to desert the magazine. 價格上漲導(dǎo)致許多讀者放棄了這本雜志。

12、 4.develop (常見義：發(fā)展；開發(fā)) v.沖洗 He took a film to be developed. 他將膠卷送去沖洗。 5.divide (常見義：分割開，分成) v.除 30 divided by 6 is 5. 30除以6等于5。 6.draw (常見義：畫) v.吸引；獲取；汲取 What drew you to teaching？是什么吸引你教書的？ What conclusions did you draw from the study？ 你從研究中得出了什么結(jié)論？ 7.drive(常見義：駕駛) v.驅(qū)使 What has dr

13、iven him mad？什么使他發(fā)瘋的？ 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.earth (常見義：地球) n.泥土 He covered the roots of the plant with earth. 他用泥土把植物的根埋起來。 2.easy (常見義：容易的) adj.舒適的；安分的；輕松的 Now we are living an easy life. 現(xiàn)在我們過著舒適的生活。 3.employ (常見義：雇用) v.利用；使用 You could employ your spare time better. 你可以把閑暇時間利用得更好些。

14、4.energy (常見義：能量，能源) n.精力；活力 His work seemed to lack energy. 他工作似乎缺乏干勁。 5.enjoy(常見義：喜歡) v.享有 Men and women should enjoy equal rights.男女應(yīng)當(dāng)享有平等權(quán)利。 6.escape (常見義：逃走) v.被忘記 His name escaped me for the moment. 我一時想不起他的名字了。 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.fail (常見義：失?。徊患案? v.缺乏；忽略 Our water supply f

15、ailed.我們供水不足了。 He never fails to send e-mail to his mother every day. 他從來不忘記每天給他的母親發(fā)郵件。 2.far from (常見義：離……遠(yuǎn)) 遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不是 The show was far from a failure; on the contrary, it was a great success.這個展覽遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不是一個失??；相反，它是一個巨大的成功。 3.favor (常見義：恩惠；善行) v.支持；喜歡 Of the two possible plans, I favor the first.

16、在這兩種可能的方案中，我贊成前者。 4.fellow (常見義：小伙子；家伙) n.同伴 Her fellows share her interest in computers. 她的同伴跟她一樣對計算機感興趣。 5.film(常見義：電影) n.膠卷；底片 He put a new film in his camera.他在相機里裝上新膠卷。 6.fine (常見義：好的；晴朗的) v.&n.罰款 He was fined $200. 他被罰了200美元。 7.flight (常見義：飛行；航班) n.一段樓梯或階梯 There was no lift and

17、 we had to climb six flights. 沒有電梯，我們得爬六段樓梯。 8.flood (常見義：洪水) n.大量的東西 vt.大量而來；充滿 I received a flood of letters this morning. 今天早上我收到大量的信件。 The office was flooded with applications for the job. 辦公室堆滿了應(yīng)征該職位的求職信。 9.follow (常見義：跟隨) v.沿著(道路等)而行；按照；聽從；效仿；明白 Follow this road until you get to

18、the corner, and then turn left. 沿著這條路走到拐角處，然后向左轉(zhuǎn)。 I couldn't follow his argument at all.我根本不明白他的論點。 10.for good 永遠(yuǎn)；一勞永逸 She'll soon leave London for good.她將永遠(yuǎn)離開倫敦。 11.freeze (常見義：凍結(jié)；凍冰) v.不許動；停止走動 Freeze! Drop your arms！不許動！放下你的武器！ 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.general(常見義：全面的；大體的；大致的) n.將軍 The

19、 general ordered all the soldiers set off immediately. 將軍命令所有士兵立即出發(fā)。 2.given (常見義：被給予) (＝considering) prep.考慮到 Given the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. 從他的總體健康狀況來看，可能手術(shù)后要一段時間他才會恢復(fù)。 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.hand (常見義：手) n.幫助，控制 It's reall

20、y heavy. Can you give me a hand？ 它真的很重。幫我一下忙，好嗎？ 2.head(常見義：頭) v.動身去 The ship was heading for Shanghai.這艘船開往上海。 3.hit (常見義：打擊) n.風(fēng)行一時的流行歌曲(或唱片) As we know, the song was a hit at that time. 眾所周知，那首歌在那時曾風(fēng)行一時。 4.hold (常見義：握；拿；舉行) v.容納；持有(某種觀點) The case can hold all my clothes.這個箱子可以裝得下我所有的衣

21、服。 I hold the view that the plan cannot work.我認(rèn)為那個計劃不可行。 5.home (常見義：家) adj.本國的 The cars are made for the home market. 這些小汽車生產(chǎn)出來在國內(nèi)銷售。 6.hot(常見義：熱的) adj.辣的；辛辣的 He likes hot food.他喜歡辣的食物。 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.industry (常見義：工業(yè)) n.努力；勤勉 His success was due to his industry.他的成功是由于他工作努力。 2

22、.interest (常見義：興趣) n.利益；利息；股份 Don't look after your own interests.不要只顧自己的利益。 I have an interest in the company.我在公司有股份。 3.invent (常見義：發(fā)明) v.虛構(gòu)；編造 Can't you invent a better excuse than that？ 你就不能編一個比那個高明些的借口嗎？ 4.iron (常見義：鐵) n.&v.熨斗；用熨斗燙 Mother is ironing my shirt with an electric iron. 媽

23、媽在用電熨斗給我熨襯衣。 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.jam (常見義：果醬) vt.&n.使塞滿；使堵塞；困境 The accident jammed the main road for three hours. 這次事故使交通堵塞達三小時之久。 2.jump(常見義：跳) n.&vi.(大幅度)上漲 Last week, the price of goods jumped.上周物價急劇上漲。 3.just (常見義：正好；恰好) adj.公道的；公正的 We should all work together to create a just soci

24、ety. 我們應(yīng)該一起努力創(chuàng)造一個公正的社會。 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.key (常見義：鑰匙；答案) adj.&n.關(guān)鍵(的)，關(guān)鍵性的人物 The key factor in their success is hard work. 他們成功的關(guān)鍵因素是努力工作。 This is a key university in China.這是中國的一所重點大學(xué)。 2.kill (常見義：殺) vt.使笑得要死；使難受至極；消磨 It kills him to admit he is wrong.他承認(rèn)他錯了時，難受得很。 His joke killed

25、 the audience.他的笑話使聽眾笑得要死。 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.labour (常見義：勞動) vi.費力地行走；干苦活 They laboured through the thick forest and up the steep hill. 他們艱難地穿行于茂密的森林，攀登于峻峭的山嶺。 2.last(常見義：最后的) adj.最不可能的 He is the last person to tell a lie.他極不可能說謊。 3.learn(常見義：學(xué)習(xí)) v.聽到；獲悉 I learned of the news yesterd

26、ay.我昨天才得知這個消息。 4.lecture (常見義：講座) n.&v.訓(xùn)斥；教訓(xùn)(批評) My father gave me a lecture for smoking. 因為吸煙我爸爸訓(xùn)斥了我一通。 5.line (常見義：線；行) n.臺詞 Have you learned your lines yet？你的臺詞背熟了嗎？ v.沿……排列 He was driving along a road lined with trees. 他開車行駛在樹木成行的路上。 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.mean(常見義：意味著；打算) adj.刻薄的；

27、吝嗇的 He is so mean and selfish that it is very difficult to make friends with him.他很刻薄自私，與他交朋友很難。 2.meet(常見義：接見；會見) v.滿足 In order to meet the needs of the readers we will reprint the bestseller. 為了滿足讀者的需要，我們將重印這本暢銷書。 3.mine (常見義：我的) n.&v.礦；采礦 When a gold mine was discovered in California, th

28、ere was a gold rush.當(dāng)在加州發(fā)現(xiàn)金礦的時候，人們都去淘金了。 4.monitor (常見義：班長) v.持續(xù)觀察(某事物)；記錄或測試(某事)運作 The teacher has been monitoring the performance of the student. 老師一直關(guān)注著這名學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)。 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.narrow (常見義：狹窄的) adj.勉強的；幾乎未成的 He made a narrow escape from the car accident. 他在車禍中僥幸活了下來。 2.note (常見義

29、：筆記；摘記；便條) v.注意(某事物)；觀察；記錄 Please note my words.請注意我的話。 The policeman noted down every word she said. 警察把她說的每句話都記了下來。 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.observe (常見義：觀察) v.遵循 The traffic rules should be observed strictly, otherwise you will be fined.你必須嚴(yán)格遵守這些交通規(guī)則，否則你將被罰款。 2.order (常見義：n.&v.命令) n.次序；秩序

30、 Some teachers find it difficult to keep order in their classes. 有些老師覺得課堂秩序很難維持。 n.&v.訂購 We have received an order for ten tons of sand. 我們收到了十噸沙子的訂單。 3．over(常見義：adv.結(jié)束 prep.超過；在……正上方；越過) prep.在……期間 We had a pleasant chat over a cup of tea. 我們在喝茶的時候進行了一次愉快的聊天。 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.pack

31、(常見義：包裝) v.擠滿；塞滿 The stadium was packed with enthusiastic fans. 熱情的粉絲擠滿了體育場。 2.pardon(常見義：用以請求某人重復(fù)所說) v.原諒；寬恕(某人) He begged her to pardon him for his rudeness. 他求她原諒他的無禮。 3.park (常見義：公園) v.停車；(暫時)留下(某人)；寄存(某物) You can't park here — it's private area. 你不能把車停在這里——這是私人區(qū)域。 Park yourself i

32、n that chair while I make you a cup of tea. 坐在那張椅子上，我去給你沏杯茶。 4.part (常見義：部分) n.角色；作用 The part that women play is greater and greater with time passing by.隨著時間的推移，婦女所起的作用越來越大。 5.party (常見義：黨；晚會) n.(一起工作/同行的)群；組；團；隊 The government set up a working party to look into the problem. 政府成立了工作組調(diào)查那個

33、問題。 6.plant(常見義：n.&v.植物；種植) n.工廠 How much steel can be made in the steel plant one year？ 這家鋼鐵廠一年能產(chǎn)多少鋼？ 7.position (常見義：位置) n.職位；工作；立場；觀點 He applied for the position of assistant manager.他申請副經(jīng)理一職。 She has made her position very clear.她已明確闡述了自己的觀點。 8.post(常見義：n.&v.郵政；郵寄) n.崗位；柱 My brother i

34、s applying for an important post in the company. 我哥哥在這家公司正申請一個重要崗位。 9.pretty(常見義：漂亮的；可愛的) adv.相當(dāng) She seemed pretty satisfied with the result. 她對那結(jié)果似乎相當(dāng)滿意。 10.promise(常見義：v.&n.答應(yīng)；諾言) v.有希望 It promises to be warm this afternoon. 今天下午有望轉(zhuǎn)暖。 11.prove (常見義：證明) v.顯現(xiàn)出是某事物；結(jié)果是 The task proved

35、to be more difficult than we had thought. 這項任務(wù)結(jié)果比我們原來預(yù)想的要難得多。 12.put (常見義：放；放置) v.表達或表述(某事物) How shall I put it？我該怎么說才好？ 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 question (常見義：問題) v.詢問；盤問；對(某事)表示或感到懷疑 I was questioned by the police for six hours.警方盤問了我六個小時。 Her honesty has never been questioned.她的誠實從未受到懷疑。 單詞

36、及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.recognize(常見義：認(rèn)出；識別) v.承認(rèn)；認(rèn)識到 He recognized that he was not qualified for the post. 他承認(rèn)自己沒有資格擔(dān)任那個崗位。 2.review(常見義：v.&n.復(fù)習(xí)；檢查) n.書評；影評；評論 The play got splendid and excellent reviews. 該劇收到了高度的、極好的評價。 3.right(常見義：n.& adj.右邊；權(quán)利；正確的) adv.恰好；正好 The headmaster was sitting right

37、 beside you. 校長就坐在你的旁邊。 4.room (常見義：房間) n.空間 There's plenty of room for improvement in your work. 你的工作還有很多改進的余地。 5.run (常見義：跑；行駛) v.經(jīng)營；管理；褪色 He has no idea of how to run a successful business. 他不知道如何把企業(yè)經(jīng)營好。 The colour ran when I washed your new skirt. 我洗你那條新裙子的時候掉色了。 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例

38、句 1.see (常見義：看見) v.見證 The year 2018 saw the development of economy in China. 2018年見證了中國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。 2.sentence(常見義：句子) v.判決；宣判 He has been sentenced to pay a fine of 1,000 pounds. 他被判罰款1 000英鎊。 3.settle(常見義：定居；穩(wěn)定；安定) v.解決；處理 It's time you settled your dispute with him. 該是你跟他把爭端解決掉的時候了。 4.s

39、ign(常見義：n.標(biāo)志 v．簽名) n.征兆；跡象 She shows no sign of being interested.她沒有表示出興趣來。 v.示意；做手勢 The policeman signed for them to stop.警察示意他們停下來。 5．spot(常見義：n.斑點；污跡；地點；場所) v.瞥見；發(fā)現(xiàn) She spotted her friend in the crowd. 她在人群中發(fā)現(xiàn)了她的朋友。 6．stamp(常見義：郵票) v.跺；踏平 He stamped his foot in anger.他氣得直跺腳。 7．stat

40、e(常見義：狀態(tài)) v.陳述或說明(某事)(尤指詳盡而明確的) He stated positively that he had never seen the man. 他肯定地說他從未見過那個男子。 8．still(常見義：仍然；依舊) adj.(幾乎)不動或無聲的；靜止的 Please keep still while I take your photograph. 我給你拍照時請別動。 9．succeed (常見義：成功) v.接替(某人或事物)；繼任 He succeeded his father as manager of the firm. 他接替父親當(dāng)了公

41、司經(jīng)理。 10．suggest (常見義：建議；提議) v.暗示；表明 His cool response suggested that he didn't like the idea. 他冷淡的反應(yīng)表明他并不喜歡這個主意。 11．support (常見義：支持) v.供養(yǎng)；贍養(yǎng) I was supported by my parents when I was studying. 我求學(xué)期間由父母供養(yǎng)。 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.tell (常見義：告訴) v.講述；分辨；判斷；確定 You can tell that he is angry whe

42、n he starts shouting a lot. 當(dāng)他開始大喊大叫時，你能確定他是生氣了。 Who can tell which is right and which is wrong？ 誰能判斷哪個對哪個錯？ 2.term (常見義：學(xué)期) n.術(shù)語；說法 He cannot understand those technical terms in the article. 他無法理解文章中那些專業(yè)術(shù)語。 3.title (常見義：標(biāo)題；題目) n.職稱；頭銜 Her official title is editor. 她的正式職稱是編輯。 4.trip (

43、常見義：旅程；旅途) v.絆；絆倒 She tripped over the cat and fell. 她被貓絆了一跤。 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.very (常見義：很；非常) adj.恰好是；正是 At that very moment the phone rang. 正好那個時候電話鈴響了。 2.view (常見義：觀點；景色) v.考慮或認(rèn)為；觀看 How do you view your chances of success？ 你認(rèn)為你獲得成功有多大把握？ 單詞及常見義 生僻義 例句 1.watch(常見義：v.觀看 n．手表)

44、 v.留心；注意 We will have to watch the children in case they get too tired. 我們得留意孩子們，別讓他們太累了。 2.weigh (常見義：稱重量) v.權(quán)衡；斟酌 They weighed the advantages of the operation against the risks involved.他們權(quán)衡了做這種手術(shù)的好處和風(fēng)險。 3.whether (常見義：是否) conj.不管；盡管 They will carry on with the work whether they can get

45、the money they need.不管能否得到他們所需要的錢，他們都會繼續(xù)這項工作。 4.while (常見義：當(dāng)……時候) conj.然而；盡管；雖然 I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream. 我喜歡喝不加奶的咖啡而他喜歡喝加奶油的。 While I admit that there are problems, I don't agree that they cannot be solved.盡管我承認(rèn)有問題存在，但我不認(rèn)為這些問題不能解決。 5.wonder (常見義：想知道) v.感到驚奇；驚嘆 We wondered at the speed with which it arrived. 我們贊嘆其到達速度如此之快。 6.word (常見義：單詞；話) n.消息 Word came that I was elected as volunteer. 有消息說我被選為志愿者。 - 18 -