2018屆高考英語一輪復習 Unit 6 Healthy Diet學案 重慶大學版必修2

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1、 Unit 6　Healthy Diet 一、單詞—— 寫 得 準 用 得 活(用所給詞的適當形式填空) 1.guaranteen．　　　　　　　保證(人/物) 2.availableadj. 可利用的；可得到的 3.lackv. 缺乏；不足 4.advisevt. 建議 5.activeadj. 忙碌的；活躍的 6.particularlyadv. 特別；尤其 7.importancen. 重要(性) 8.functionvi. 起作用 9.variety n．多樣(性)→variousadj.各種各樣的 10.balance

2、vt.使保持平衡 n．平衡→balancedadj.平衡的 11.contribute vi.貢獻；出力→contributionn．貢獻；捐款→contributorn．捐獻者 12.concentrate vi./vt.專心于；注意→concentrationn．集中注意力；專心 13.stress vt./n.強調(diào)；著重→stressfuladj.充滿壓力的；緊張的 14.arrange vt./n.安排→arrangementn．安排 15.normal adj.正常的；正規(guī)的→normallyadv.正常地；通常地 16.breathe vt./vi.呼吸→breathn

3、．呼吸，氣息→breathingn．呼吸 adj.呼吸的 1.To keep healthy, you should keep a balanced (balance) diet. 2.The weather varies from day to day; as a result, people wear various clothes. A variety of germs spread in the air, and many people became ill.(vary) 3.After a stressful week of work, all the employees we

4、re extremely stressed and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under stress.(stress) 4.They have contributed a lot of food and clothing to the refugees (難民) so far and their contributions will certainly help the refugees live through the winter.(contribute) 5.Concentration is imp

5、ortant for this kind of work, and only by concentrating on it can you get it done well.(concentrate) 6.In addition to these arrangements,_I will also arrange for my sister to pick you up at the airport tomorrow. (arrange) 7.I like exercising very early in summer. The morning air is so good to_brea

6、the and I often take a few deep breaths.(breath) 8.It's normal for the disabled to live normally like our heathy people.(normal) ? 1.“保證”詞匯全接觸 ①guarantee　　　　保證 ②assure 保證 ③ensure 確定，確保 ④make sure 確保；確定 2．“缺乏，不足”一覽 ①lack v．/n. 缺少，短缺 ②absence n. 缺乏；缺席 ③shortage n. 缺乏，不足 3.后綴-abl

7、e形容詞小結 ①available　　　可利用的 ②enjoyable 愉快的 ③admirable 令人欽佩的 ④acceptable 可接受的 ⑤comfortable 舒適的 ⑥fashionable 流行的 4.盤點后綴-ful形容詞 ①stressful　　　　有壓力的 ②useful 有用的 ③wonderful 精彩的 ④hopeful 有希望的 ⑤thankful 充滿感激的 ⑥cheerful 高興的 二、短語—— 寫 得 準 用 得 活(選用左欄短語填空) 1.enable_sb.to_do_sth.　　　　　

8、　使某人能做某事 2.as_long_as 只要 3.stress_the_importance_of_... 強調(diào)……的重要性 4.contribute_to_... 有助于…… 5.be_lacking_in_sth. 某物不足；不夠 6.cut_out_ 剪掉；刪掉；放棄 7.for_example 例如 8.rather_than 而不是 9.depend_on_... 取決于…… 10.be_up_to_... 長達…… 11.get_...from_... 從……獲得…… 12.provide_...for_... 為……提供…… 13

9、.different_kinds_of 不同種類的 14.instead_of_... 代替…… 15.advise_sb._to_do_sth. 建議某人做某事 1.We should try to reform criminals rather_than punish them. 2.When you give a speech, you'd better cut_out unimportant details. 3.As_long_as you don't give up, you'll succeed one day. 4.The achievement of

10、 a particular goal makes you feel good and contributes_to your confidence. 5.The opportunities available will depend_on your previous work experience and qualifications. 6.Because she was_lacking_in training, she was afraid of making mistakes. 7.Now I can walk to work instead_of going by car.

11、? 1.“be＋adj.＋in”短語集合 ①be lacking in　　　　　某物不足 ②be engaged in 忙于…… ③be experienced in 在某方面有經(jīng)驗 ④be interested in 對……感興趣 ⑤be successful in 在某方面成功 ⑥be strict in 對……要求嚴格 ⑦be absorbed in 專心于；全神貫注于 2.“v.＋on”短語面面觀 ①depend on　　　　依賴，取決于 ②take on 雇傭；呈現(xiàn)；承擔 ③carry on (繼續(xù))進行；從事 ④hold on 稍等(不掛

12、斷電話) ⑤come on 加油；快點兒 ⑥keep on 繼續(xù) ⑦call on 號召；請求 ⑧put on 上演；穿上 三、句式—— 背 原 句 明 句 式 學 仿 寫 1.It's widely believed that extra vitamins provide more energy. 人們普遍相信額外的維生素會提供更多能量。 It is (widely) believed that ... “人們(普遍)相信/認為……”。 大家認為不止一個人應對這次礦井事故負責。It_is_believed_that_more_than_one_pers

13、on should be to blame for the mine accident. 2.But taking more than what the body needs does not make it function better ... 但如果攝入量超過身體所需，不會使身體更健康…… more than“超出，很，非常，不僅僅，不只是”。 《中國日報》不僅僅是一種報紙，它還有助于提高我們的英語水平。 ChinaDaily is more_than_a_newspaper. It helps to improve our English. 3.You have learn

14、ed about how to care for your teeth and for your eyes. 你已經(jīng)了解了如何保護你的牙齒和你的眼睛。 “特殊疑問詞＋不定式”結構。 這對年輕夫婦一直在考慮怎樣幫助兒子養(yǎng)成讀書的習慣。 The young couple have been thinking about how_to_help their son develop the habit of reading books. 第一板塊核心單詞歸納集釋 1．guarantee v．保證；擔保n.保證(人/物)；擔保；保修單 [經(jīng)典例句]　Take this op

15、portunity, and I guarantee you won't regret it. 抓住這個機會吧，我保證你不會后悔的。 (1)guarantee to do sth./that ...　　保證/擔保做某事； 確?！? guarantee sb. against/from 保證某人免受(損 傷或傷害) guarantee sb. sth. 保證某人某事 be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定會做某事 (2)give sb.a guarantee (that) ... 向某人保證…… under guarantee 在保修期內(nèi)

16、 ①The car is less than a year old, so it is still under_guarantee. 這輛汽車用了還不滿一年，因此仍在保修期內(nèi)。 ②If you yell at him, he is guaranteed to_do (do) the opposite of what you want. 如果你對他大喊大叫，他肯定會跟你對著干。 ③Can you give me a guarantee that the work will be finished on time? 你能向我保證工作會按時完成嗎？ 2．lack v．缺乏；不足n.缺乏；

17、缺少的東西 [高考佳句]　—Jack still can't help being anxious about his job interview. —Lack of self-confidence is his Achilles' heel, I am afraid.(2016·江蘇高考單選) ——杰克還是禁不住擔心他的工作面試。 ——我擔心缺乏自信是他的致命弱點。 (1)for/through lack of　　　　　　　因缺乏…… (a) lack of 缺乏…… (2)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的 be lacking in 缺少…… ①Though

18、 lacking (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to a university. 盡管缺錢，但他的父母還是設法供他上了大學。 ②A new study shows older men who suffer from a_lack_of deep sleep are nearly twice as likely to develop high blood pressure. 一項新的研究表明，缺少深度睡眠的老人有近兩倍的幾率會患高血壓。 ③For_lack_of confidence, she is lacking_in sk

19、ills of communicating. 因缺少自信，她缺乏交流方面的技巧。 [名師指津]　lack作名詞時常與介詞of連用；作動詞時可用作及物動詞直接加賓語(不用被動語態(tài))，也可作不及物動詞用；形容詞lacking常與in連用。 3．contribute vt./vi.貢獻；出力；捐獻；導致；投稿 [教材原句]　Eating a hard-boiled egg or an orange as a snack can contribute to a well-balanced diet. 作為零食，吃一個煮雞蛋或橘子都有利于均衡飲食。 (1)contribute sth.to

20、 ...　　把某物捐獻/投稿給…… contribute to 為……作出貢獻；有助于； 導致 (2)contribution n. 捐獻；貢獻；投稿 make a contribution/contributions to 對……作出貢獻 ①The scientist was rewarded by the government for having made such a great contribution to the country. 這位科學家因對國家做了這么大的貢獻而受到政府獎勵。 ②Finally, some good English study w

21、ebsites contribute a lot to my improvement in English.(2012·山東高考寫作) 最后，一些好的英語學習網(wǎng)站也對我的英語水平提高起了很大作用。 [聯(lián)想發(fā)散]　表示“引起；導致”的詞語還有：cause, lead to, result in, bring about等。 4．concentrate vt./vi.專心于；注意 [高考佳句]　Secondly, concentrate yourself on some positive and relaxing things.(2014·安徽高考書面表達) 其次，將注意力集中在一些積

22、極的、休閑的事情上。 (1)concentrate on/upon (doing) sth.　專心(做)某事 concentrate one's mind/attention/oneself on/upon 集中注意力于；致 力于；專心于 (2)concentration n. 集中；專心 ①For example, I can just concentrate on/upon reading for a short time.(2013·四川高考書面表達) 例如，我只能短時間內(nèi)專心讀書。 ②Speaking on the phone requires concent

23、ration (concentrate) and takes a driver's attention from the road. 打電話需要集中注意力，這樣就分散了司機對路面的注意力。 Ⅰ.基礎點全練(單句語法填空/補全句子) 1．It is advised that one (should)_take (take) plenty of boiled water. 2．There were various (vary) reasons why he decided to leave school. 3．Is she lacking (lack) in willpower to

24、 achieve her goals? 4．Don't put too much stress on money and position. 5．It was up to him to concentrate on/upon his studies and make something of himself. 6．You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages. 7．When I got to the top of the hill, I was quit

25、e out_of_breath (上氣不接下氣)． 8．Could you make_arrangements_for (為……作好安排) a dinner party of ten guests? Ⅱ.重難點多練 1．guarantee面面觀 (1)介詞填空 ①My watch is still under guarantee, so it can be repaired free of charge. ②The new policy guarantees us against/from all losses. (2)根據(jù)漢語提示完成片段 The iPad ③is_guar

26、anteed_for_a_year (保修一年). That is to say, it has ④a_year's_guarantee (一年的保修期), so it is still ⑤under_guarantee (在保修期內(nèi))． 2．contribute點點練 (1)單句改錯 ①These reforms made major contribution to the stability of the economy.contribution→contributions或major前加a ②Their inventions have contributed to develop

27、 electrical engineering.develop→developing (2)根據(jù)漢語提示完成片段 Many people ③contributed_money_to (給……捐錢) the poor girl, which ④contributed_to (有助于) her returning to school. A teacher wrote a story about it and ⑤contributed_it_to_a_ newspaper (投稿給報社). He also called on people ⑥to_make_contributions_to (

28、為……作貢獻) the Project Hope. Ⅲ.閱讀詞匯專練 根據(jù)語境選出stress的詞性和詞義 1．But there is also one point I'd like to stress.__A__ 2．Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration.__C__ 3．The detective laid great stress on details. __D__ 4．In the word “mother”， the stress is on the first syllable. _

29、_B__ 第二板塊短語句型歸納集釋 1．(be) up to ...長達……直到；達到；多達；忙于；勝任；由……決定 [經(jīng)典例句]　She continued to care for her father up to the time of his death. 她一直照顧父親直到他去世。 be up to ...　　　　　　　　勝任/忙于…… It is up to sb. to do sth. 由某人決定做某事 It is up to you. 隨你的便；由你來決定。 ①Don't worry. He is_up_to_the_job you offered him

30、. 不用擔心，他能勝任你為他提供的這份工作。 ②Life is like a cup, but it's up to you to_decide (decide) whether it's a drinking cup or a toothbrush cup. 生活就像一個杯子，而它是“杯具”還是“洗具”，由你自己決定。 2．cut out剪掉；刪掉；放棄 [經(jīng)典例句]　The only way to get weight down is to keep off fattening food, and cut out alcohol altogether. 減肥的唯一辦法就是不吃使

31、人發(fā)胖的食物，并徹底戒酒。 cut down　　　　砍倒；消減；縮小尺寸、減少數(shù)量；駁倒 cut in 插話；讓某人分享利潤 cut off 切斷，中止 cut up 切碎；齊根切掉 ①It is impolite for children to_cut_in when their seniors are talking. 孩子們在他們的長輩談話時插話是不禮貌的。 ②When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt cut off from the world.(2016·浙江高考單選)

32、 當孩子們住得離他們遠時，這些老年人就覺得自己與世界隔絕了。 3．But taking more_than what the body needs does not make it function better ... 但如果攝入量超過身體所需，不會使身體更健康…… 此處為“more than＋從句”結構，more是much的比較級，意為“比……多”。該結構還可以表示“超出……的能力、知識范圍”。 ①The beauty of the mountainous country is more than I can describe. 我難以描述那個山村的美麗。 (1)more t

33、han＋ (2)more ... than ...表示“與其說……倒不如說……” ②—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for? —The new StarWars.We have been waiting here for more_than_two_hours.(2016·北京高考單選) ——打擾一下，你們在等著看哪場電影？ ——新版《星球大戰(zhàn)》。我們已經(jīng)在這里等了兩個多小時了。 ③Hearing what the headteacher said, I was more_than glad and my heart beat wild

34、ly.(2015·湖南高考書面表達) 聽到班主任說的話，我非常高興，心跳加速。 ④It had more the appearance of a deliberate crime than of an accident. 與其說這件事表面上看起來像是一場意外事故，倒不如說是故意犯罪。 Ⅰ.基礎點全練 1．單句語法填空 ①Concentrating (concentrate) on English will enable you to_master (master) the language. ②Many big trees along the road have been c

35、ut down for building houses, many of the branches of which have been cut up for firewood. ③So far the well-known journalist has accumulated more than 4,000 interviews with famous people. ④Your suggestion has greatly contributed to the accomplishment of our work. ⑤It is believed that eating too mu

36、ch food colouring does harm to us. ⑥The mother doesn't know who is to_blame (blame) for the broken glass. ⑦You may depend on me to_come (come) on time. 2．運用所學短語完成片段 High intelligent robots have arisen recently. We will ①enable_them_to_do (使它們能做) many things, ②for_example (例如), cleaning. They ③

37、contribute_to (有助于) improving our life. In a way, computers have changed our life. However, many students play games on the computers ④rather_than (而不是) studying on them. As a result, some of the students fail in the exam. ⑤As_long_as (只要) they use the computers properly, they can ⑥get_a_lot_from_th

38、em (從它們中獲得很多). Anyhow, computers play an important part in our life. Ⅱ.重難點多練 up to相關結構萬花筒 (1)寫出下列句中up to的含義 ①Some study rooms are for 2－3 people and others can hold up to 6－8 people.達到；多達 ②The children are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.忙于 ③John was dismissed because he wasn't up to h

39、is work.勝任 ④God gave us the gift of life; it is up to us to give ourselves the gift of living well.由……決定 (2)單句語法填空 ⑤Michael is not really up to the job. We need to have him replaced. ⑥It's up to you to_decide (decide) whether to go or not. ⑦—What shall we do this weekend? —It's up to you. What

40、ever you want. Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．I will guarantee to_prove (prove) every statement I made. 2．It's up to you to decide whether we buy this set of furniture or not. 3．Leave him alone; he is in a bad mood today. 4．Most Senior Three students concentrate on their studies, which makes their teachers sat

41、isfied. 5．It is believed that a new project will be started in our town. 6．The research team is made up of pupils, whose ages vary from 10 to 15. 7．It is widely (wide) believed that health is above wealth. 8．He entered the house, but soon had to run back to catch his breath (breathe)． 9．Parents

42、 arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success. 10．Some children are overwhelming dependent (depend)on their parents. Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．Your hard work and concentration will contribute to get a good remark.get→getting 2．Instead of waste time, she employed her

43、self in reading.waste→wasting 3．For a case like this, we'll arrange a lawyer to go visiting your neighbor with you.arrange_后加for 4．It is wide believed that plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.wide→widely 5．More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities because lack of

44、space.because→for或because后加of 6．My colour TV set is only one year old and it is still in guarantee.in→under 7．It announced that the plan has been successfully carried out.It_后加_is Ⅲ.用本單元所學知識完成寫作訓練 (一)依據(jù)提示補全短文 A_balanced_diet (均衡飲食) is all about giving your body the nutrition it needs. It leads

45、 to building up your body. Some experts stress_the_importance_of (強調(diào)……的重要性) having a healthy diet, or (and/or/but)you will be short of nutrition. Under such circumstances, your health will still get worse even if you keep taking exercise. ①To have a healthy diet is important to children as well as

46、 adults. ②But some people don't know how they can keep a balanced diet. Doctors advise parents to_provide_different_kinds_of_foods_for (為……提供不同種類的食物) their children. Above all, let them eat more fruit, vegetables and so on. (二)按要求將詞匯句式升級 1．用本單元高級詞匯替換加黑部分 (1)leads to→contributes_to (2)be short o

47、f→lack 2．按要求改寫句式 (1)用it作形式主語改寫句① It_is_important_to_children_as_well_as_adults_to_have_a_healthy_diet. (2)用“特殊疑問詞＋不定式”結構改寫句② But_some_people_don't_know_how_to_keep_a_balanced_diet. [課下練熟高考] 練(一)　第Ⅱ卷強化增分練——練規(guī)范 (限時：45分鐘) Ⅰ.語法填空 The flight departed from Zhengzhou, capital of Henan provinc

48、e on December 8,2015.The old man surnamed Niu, __1__ (head) to Hainan's tropical city Sanya to spend the winter. As a retired __2__ (medicine) professor from central Henan's Xinxiang, the 71-year-old Niu was using a wheelchair to __3__ the airplane because he became disabled by a cerebral injury in

49、 2013. Noticed by Fan Xuesong, a stewardess of Hainan Airlines, she arranged __4__ front row seat for his __5__ (convenient), allowing him to use the toilet and take care of __6__ (he) more easily. When giving out dinner boxes, Fan found the old man's right hand was trembling while holding the spo

50、on.She went over and checked on the man but he could only respond with slurring (含糊地)．She then volunteered __7__ (feed) him.The old man burst __8__ tears when Fan told him “That's all right; let me help you with your food.” The stewardess also __9__ (change) his rice box for a noodles box after not

51、icing the old man having difficulty __10__ (chew)． 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。某航班內(nèi)出現(xiàn)了溫暖人心的一幕：一位年輕的空姐幫助抓不住湯匙的老人進食。 1．was heading　航班離開鄭州，老人正乘飛機前往海南三亞度假。故需用過去進行時。 2．medical　表達“醫(yī)學方面的教授”應用形容詞medical修飾“professor”。 3．board　“登機，上車，乘船”等，用單個動詞的話，應使用board。 4．a(chǎn)　“一個前排座位”，屬于可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)概念，故要用不定冠詞a。 5．convenience　“為了老人的行動方便”，故

52、用convenient的名詞形式。 6．himself　根據(jù)句意，此處表示“坐上前排，老人便于隨時上廁所。這樣很容易自己照顧自己”。 7．to feed　volunteer to do sth.意為“志愿做某事……”。 8．into　burst into tears意為“禁不住流淚”。 9．changed　change ...for ...意為“把什么換成什么”。 10．chewing　have difficulty doing sth.為固定搭配，意為“做某事有困難”。故應該用動名詞作賓語。 Ⅱ.短文改錯 (2017·江西省九校聯(lián)合考試)Last night, I saw a

53、great film, ForrestGump. I am great impressed by this film, by the stories of Forrest Gump. Forrest Gump was born in small village. He was born mentally disabled, and he was discriminated by other.But his mother is a strong female who encouraged Gump to be strong but live the same as normal people.

54、Beside, he meets Jenny, a tragic but kind-hearted girl.With the love of his mother and Jenny, Forrest Gump begins his running all his life. I am moving by his strong willing, kindness and optimism. There are many miracles in his life what seem impossible to him. But I know it is reasonable, because

55、of he wins them with his noble personalities. 答案：第二句：great→greatly 第三句：small前加a 第四句：other→others 第五句：encouraged→encourages; 第二個but→and 第六句：Beside→Besides 第八句：moving→moved; willing→will 第九句：what→that/which 第十句：去掉of Ⅲ.書面表達 (2017·萬州區(qū)模擬)假如你是中學生李平。最近你校規(guī)定：學生在校期間，禁止到校外就餐?，F(xiàn)在，請你就此事給校報英文版編輯寫一封信，內(nèi)容包括

56、： 1．學校制定此規(guī)定的理由； 2．同學們對此規(guī)定的反應及理由； 3．你的看法。 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；信的抬頭與結束語已寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)； 2．文中不得透露你和所在學校的真實名字。 參考詞匯：食堂canteen Dear editor， 　 　　 　 Best wishes! Yours， Li Ping 參考范文： Dear editor， I'm writing to talk about our school's new rule that all students are forbidden to eat out during school

57、days. The school says for one thing, the food outside the campus isn't healthy and its safety can't be guaranteed, and for another, if students have meals in the canteen, they may save money because the food there is cheaper. However, some students are against the rule for two reasons. First, they

58、 dislike the food in the canteen because of its poor quality. In addition, the school seems to try to make more money if all students are forced to have every meal in school. Personally, to make more students have meals inside the campus, the school should make the food taste nicer and offer them a

59、 larger variety of food, too. Best wishes! Yours， Li Ping 練(二)　英語知識運用組合練——練準度 (限時：30分鐘) Ⅰ.完形填空 (2017·廣州二模)Eco-tourism involves people traveling to beautiful but environmental sensitive places.Such trips are __1__ carried out with an experienced guide.Over recent years, this type of travel has

60、 been steadily gaining __2__ as more people search for new travel experiences. Eco-tourism has many benefits.First, all the __3__ spent by the tourists is used to __4__ the important environmental spots they visit.Second, it helps __5__ to better understand the environment, thereby __6__ their know

61、ledge of the world.Furthermore, this style of travel is also more __7__ of the local culture. Compared to __8__ tourists, eco-tourists use energy more efficiently, save water and produce less rubbish by finding ways to __9__ it.These behaviours have a __10__ and lasting effect on the local environm

62、ent. Two things are needed to make eco-tourism a(n) __11__.First, it should be done in small groups.And second, because it requires considerable effort, both eco-tourists and locals must be __12__ in their commitment to improving the environment. Green travel provides local people with jobs in par

63、ks, __13__ and shops.One great achievement of eco-tourism has been the __14__ of illegal hunting.Former hunters can now work as guides to help keep the animals __15__ in their natural surroundings.Green travel also __16__ local people's quality of life, especially children's. Peru is one country us

64、ing eco-tourism to promote respect for the __17__.It's now able to take better care of its rainforests because of a(n) __18__ on more sustainable (可持續(xù)的) travel.__19__ this, local people's living-standards have improved.Many others are now following Peru's __20__ and using eco-tourism to preserve the

65、ir environment for the future generations. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。近幾年生態(tài)旅游越來越受到大家的青睞，文章重點陳述了生態(tài)游的好處。 1．A.finally　　　　　　　 　B．usually C．suddenly D．roughly 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文“Over recent years, this type of travel has been steadily gaining”可知，這樣的旅行通常在有經(jīng)驗的導游的幫助下進行。故B項正確。 2．A.pleasure B．satisfaction C．popularit

66、y D．freedom 解析：選C　根據(jù)空后的“more people search for new travel experiences”可知，更多的人尋求新的旅游體驗，所以這種旅行受到大家的歡迎。故C項正確。 3．A.money B．time C．energy D．effort 解析：選A　根據(jù)下文“is used to __4__ the important environmental spots they visit”可知，游客所花的錢被用于重要的生態(tài)景點。故A項正確。 4．A.pollute B．protect C．purchase D．explore 解析：選B　根據(jù)語境并結合選項可知，游客所花的錢被用來保護重要的生態(tài)景點。故B項正確。 5．A.scientists B．hunters C．guides D．visitors 解析：選D　根據(jù)常識可知，應該是生態(tài)旅游有助于游客更好地了解自然環(huán)境。故D項正確。 6．A.approving B．confirming C．enriching D．supp