（江蘇版）2019屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn)聚焦 Unit 4 Public transport知能演練輕松闖關(guān) 牛津譯林版選修7

Unit 4 Public transportA卷 單項(xiàng)填空1If you want to own the newest iPhone ahead, youll have to make a(n)_， or you will wait for some time.ApreservationBreservation Corder DapplicationB解析：句意：如果你想提前擁有最新的蘋(píng)果手機(jī)， 你必須預(yù)定， 否則你要等一段時(shí)間。 preservation “保護(hù)”； reservation “預(yù)定”； order “訂購(gòu)”； application “申請(qǐng)”。2As we know, the purpose of communication is to _ your thoughts and ideas to others effectively.Apass BsendCconvey DshowC解析：convey 意為“傳達(dá)； 表達(dá)(想法， 感受)等”。 pass作“傳遞， 交流”講時(shí)， 后接表示“具體的物品或眼色， 信號(hào)， 評(píng)論等”。 send意為“發(fā)送”； show意為“流露(感情等)”。 根據(jù)句意 “正如我們所知， 交流的目的是把你的想法有效地傳遞給他人。”可知答案應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。3An increasing number of cars on the road _ traffic. That was the reason why they failed to get there on time.Achoked back Bchoked downCchoked off Dchoked upC解析：choke back “抑制； 強(qiáng)忍住”； choke down“吞咽； 抑制； 強(qiáng)忍住”； choke off“阻礙”； choke up“對(duì)苦惱”。 根據(jù)句意可判斷此處是“路上越來(lái)越多的車(chē)輛阻礙了交通”。 故答案為C項(xiàng)。4(2018·南京四校聯(lián)考) _ no ad during TV plays.Great move! I cannot tolerate those annoying ads appearing every several minutes.AThere is said to have BIt is said to haveCThere is said to be DIt is said to beC解析：There is said to be“據(jù)說(shuō)有”。5The best method to _ this goal is to unite as many people as possible.Aundertake Bconduct Cperform DaccomplishD解析：考查動(dòng)詞。 句意：完成這個(gè)目標(biāo)的最好的途徑是團(tuán)結(jié)的人越多越好。undertake “承擔(dān)”；conduct “指揮”；perform “表演， 操作”；accomplish “完成”， 根據(jù)詞義可知是完成目標(biāo)， 故選D項(xiàng)。6(2018·南京高三調(diào)研)A global village has indeed _ among the teenage generation, who share common values and attitudes.Aset up B.speeded upCrisen up D.sprung upD解析：句意：地球村的確在青少年一代出現(xiàn)了， 他們分享共同的價(jià)值觀和生活態(tài)度。 spring up“發(fā)生； 萌芽； 出現(xiàn)”。7Five minutes earlier _ we could have avoided the accident.Aor BbutCso DandD解析：句意：早五分鐘， 我們可能就會(huì)避免那次事故。 此題考查的是“祈使句and簡(jiǎn)單句”結(jié)構(gòu)。 Five minutes earlier相當(dāng)于一個(gè)祈使句， 后面的簡(jiǎn)單句表示結(jié)果。8He was rejected for the job vacancy because he couldnt be _even for the interview.Aresponsible B.beneficialCpunctual DregularC解析：句意：他沒(méi)有得到那個(gè)職位空缺， 因?yàn)樗踔吝B面試都不能準(zhǔn)時(shí)。 responsible“負(fù)責(zé)的”； beneficial“有益的”； punctual“準(zhǔn)時(shí)的”； regular“有規(guī)律的”。9(2018·南京師大附中模擬) Excuse me, sir. My visa is due at the end of this month. Can I _ it?Sure. You can just go to the Public Security Office in our city to fill in some forms.Aexpand B.extendCpostpone DconfirmB解析：?jiǎn)柧渚湟猓捍驍囈幌拢?先生。 我的簽證月底到期。 我能再延長(zhǎng)一下它嗎？extend“延長(zhǎng)， 延伸”； expand“膨脹， 擴(kuò)張”； postpone“延期， 推遲”； confirm“證實(shí)； 批準(zhǔn)； 確定”。10If the equipment is not up to the agreed specifications and quality, we will _ to replace it.Aundertake B.forceCovercome DapplyA解析：句意：如果設(shè)備達(dá)不到商定的規(guī)格和質(zhì)量， 我們保證進(jìn)行調(diào)換。 undertake to do.“保證做”。11Many road accidents _ from careless driving, according to the recent reports from the police.Ainvolve B.reduceCarise DincreaseC解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。 句意：根據(jù)警方最近的報(bào)告， 很多道路交通事故是由粗心駕駛造成的。 arise是不及物動(dòng)詞， 意思是“(由)引起， (因)產(chǎn)生”， 符合句意。 12(2018·濱海中學(xué)期中)Nowadays working women bear a lot more pressure _ them from families and careers.Aput on B.put downCput aside D.put awayA解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。 這里表示家庭和自己的事業(yè)給她們的壓力， 用put sth.on sb.。13_ the satellite launch drew near, the research workers put their hearts to the test and always stayed up late.AAs B.BecauseCWith DWhileA解析：句意：隨著衛(wèi)星發(fā)射的臨近， 研究人員全身心地投入到測(cè)試中， 常常熬夜。 as和with都可表達(dá)“隨著”的意思。 as 用作連詞， 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 with介詞， 后接名詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知答案應(yīng)為A項(xiàng)。14.One thing that most organically grown food products seem to have in common is that they cost more than _ grown foods. Aapparently Bcontradictorily Cconventionally DpunctuallyC解析：考查副詞辨析。 句意：大多數(shù)有機(jī)食品有一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)， 那就是它們比用傳統(tǒng)方式種植的食品成本更高。 這里用 conventionally表示“依照傳統(tǒng)地”， 與前面的organically呼應(yīng)。 apparently“明顯地”； contradictorily“相互矛盾地”； punctually“按時(shí)地， 準(zhǔn)時(shí)地”。 15Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away?Thank you. _AIt couldnt be better BOf course you canCIf you like DIts up to youA解析：考查情景對(duì)話。 句意：你住得這么遠(yuǎn)我送你吧！謝謝你。 那再好不過(guò)了。 It couldnt be better，否定比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí)， 意為：沒(méi)有比那更好的了。 閱讀理解A“OK，” I said to my daughter as she bent over her afternoon bowl of rice. “Whats going on with you and your friend J？” Jis the leader of a group of third­graders at her campa position Lucy herself occupied the previous summer. Now shes_the_one_on_the_outs,and every day at snack time, she tells me all about it, while I offer the unhelpful advice all summer long.“Shes fond of giving orders，” Lucy complained. “Shes turning everyone against me. Shes mean. Shes bad at math. Shes terrible at kickball. And shes fat.” “Excuse me，” I said, struggling for calm.“What did you just say？”“Shes fat，” Lucy mumbled(含糊地說(shuō)) into her bowl. “Were going upstairs，” I said, my voice cold. “We are going to discuss this.” And up we went.Id spent the nine years since her birth getting ready for this day, the day wed have to have the conversation about this horrible word. I knew exactly what to say to the girl on the receiving end of the teasing(嘲笑), but in all of my imaginings, it never once occurred to me that my daughter would be the one who used the F wordFat.My daughter sat on her bed, and I sat beside her. “How would you feel if someone made fun of you for something that wasnt your fault？” I began. “She could stop eating so much，” Lucy mumbled, mouthing the simple advice a thousand doctors and well­meaning friends and relatives have given overweight women for years.“Its not always that easy，” I said. “Everyones different in terms of how they treat food.” Lucy looked at me, waiting for me to go on.I opened my mouth, and then closed it. Should I tell her that, in teasing a womans weight, shes joined the long, proud tradition of critics who go after any woman with whom they disagree by starting with “youre ugly” and ending with “no man would want you and there must be something wrong with any man who does”？ Should I tell her I didnt cry when someone posted my picture and commented, “Im sorry, but arent authors who write books marketed to young women supposed to be pretty？”Does she need to know, now, that life isnt fair? I feel her eyes on me, waiting for an answer I dont have. Words are my tools. Stories are my job. Its possible shell remember what I say forever, and I have no idea what to say.So I tell her the only thing I can come up with that is absolutely true. I say to my daughter, “I love you, and there is nothing you could ever do to make me not love you. But Im disappointed in you right now. There are plenty of reasons for not liking someone. What she looks like isnt one of them.”Lucy nods, tears on her cheeks.“I wont say that again，” she tells me, and I pull her close, pressing my nose against her hair. We are both quiet, and I dont know if I have said the right thing. So as we sit there together, shoulder to shoulder, I pray for her to be smart. I pray for her to be strong. I pray for her to find friends, work she loves, a partner who loves her, and for the world not to deprive(剝奪) her of the things that make her who she is, for her life to be easy, and for her to have the strength to handle it when its not. And still, always, I pray that she will never struggle as Ive struggled, and that weight will never be her cross to bear. She may not be able to use the word in our home, but I can use it in my head. I pray that she will never get fat.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】面對(duì)犯錯(cuò)的女兒， 作者努力尋找恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)言指正孩子的錯(cuò)誤， 最終以愛(ài)感化和教育了女兒。 在與女兒并肩坐著的時(shí)候， 作者心中滿是對(duì)女兒美好的祈禱和祝愿。1The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 indicates that Lucy _Aoften makes fun of her friend J.Bhas turned against her friend J.Cgets along well with her friend J.Dhas begun to compete with her friend J.B解析：句意理解題。 根據(jù)第一段可知， J成了夏令營(yíng)隊(duì)長(zhǎng)， 而去年的隊(duì)長(zhǎng)是Lucy; 根據(jù)第二段可知， Lucy一直抱怨J.。 由此可知， 該句暗示了Lucy已經(jīng)反對(duì)她的朋友J.了。2Why does the author want to discuss with Lucy?ABecause she wants to offer some other helpful advice.BBecause she has prepared the conversation for nine years.CBecause she is really shocked at Lucys rudeness.DBecause she decides to tell Lucy a similar story of her own.C解析：推理判斷題。 根據(jù)第二段可知， Lucy抱怨J.并說(shuō)J.胖； 根據(jù)第三段中的“wed have to have the conversation about this horrible word.it never once occurred to me that my daughter would be the one who used the F wordFat”可知， 作者沒(méi)想到Lucy會(huì)用“胖”這個(gè)詞來(lái)嘲笑別人， 因此覺(jué)得有必要和她談?wù)劇?What does the author want to tell her daughter?AIt is not easy to take the doctors advice to eat less.BPeople shouldnt complain because life is unfair.CShe herself was once laughed at for her appearance.DPeople shouldnt be blamed for their appearance.D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后兩句“There are plenty of reasons for not liking someone. What she looks like isnt one of them.”可知， 作者想告訴女兒人們不應(yīng)該因?yàn)樗麄兊耐饷捕艿截?zé)備。4It can be inferred from the passage that _Athe author earns a living by writing storiesBthe author is a fat but good­looking womanCthe author will stop loving her daughter for what she saidDthe authors daughter agreed with her from the very beginning A解析：推理判斷題。 根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Words are my tools. Stories are my job.”可推知， 作者以寫(xiě)故事謀生。5We can learn from the last paragraph that _ALucy was deeply moved by her mothers prayerBa mothers prayer will shape her daughters attitude towards lifeCthe author allows her daughter to use the F word in her headDthe author hopes her daughter will never have weight troubleD解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“I pray that she will never get fat.”可知， 作者希望她的女兒永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)變胖， 永遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有體重問(wèn)題。6The authors attitude towards her daughter can be best described as _Aloving but strict Bindifferent but patientCsatisfied and friendly Dunsatisfied and angryA解析：作者態(tài)度題。 通過(guò)作者對(duì)女兒說(shuō)的話以及為女兒的祈禱可知， 作者深?lèi)?ài)自己的女兒； 通過(guò)作者對(duì)女兒不當(dāng)行為的指正可知， 作者對(duì)女兒要求很?chē)?yán)格。 因此選A。BKung Hei Fat Choy means Happy New Year! Welcome to our Chinese New Year/Lunar New Year pages! Weve got a huge collection of fun activities for you to explore and enjoy with your kids, both at home or in the classroom. You can learn about the current yearYear of the Roosteror just enjoy our general Chinese New Year content (including original colouring pages, crafts, puzzles, worksheets, printables of all sorts).but be warned, theres probably enough here to last you until next Chinese New Year!Nine Asian countries celebrate the Lunar New Year with public holidays and variations on the activities you will find described below. About 1/5 of the worlds population will be enjoying the festival, and New Years Eve is the worlds biggest annual migration, with over 200 million people making every effort to get home for a big celebratory dinner with their extended families.On 16th February 2018 we welcome in a new Chinese New Year, the Year of the Dog！For lots of new colouring pages, puzzles, worksheets and other printables, click here: Year of the Dog. Lots NEW!【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了一個(gè)網(wǎng)頁(yè)上關(guān)于中國(guó)新年的內(nèi)容。7Where will this writing be found?AOn TV.BIn a newspaper. CIn a booklet.DOn the Internet.D解析：文章出處題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句和文章最后一句可推知，文章應(yīng)該是出自網(wǎng)站上的一個(gè)網(wǎng)頁(yè)。故選D。8Who is the writing intended for?AWeb page designers. BSchool teachers.CFolk­custom researchers. DStudents in the first grade.B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第三句可推知，這篇文章應(yīng)是寫(xiě)給學(xué)校老師或?qū)W生父母的。故選B。B卷 完形填空Payengs tree­planting project began when he was 16, when flooding wiped away a large part of forest. Wild life were left without enough _1_ , and Payeng watched _2_ creatures begin to die off from heat. Deeply _3_， Payeng determined to grow trees all his life.“I _4_ the forest department and asked them if they could grow trees on the sandbar(沙洲). They said nothing would _5_ there. _6_ , they asked me to try growing bamboo.It was _7_， but I did it. Whats more, there was nobody interested to help me，” Payeng said.Payeng started his forest by _8_ bamboo saplings (幼樹(shù)) every morning and evening. He even brought red ants to the sandbar to help _9_ the soil. When his bamboo trees grew, Payeng decided to slowly _10_other species of trees into the sandbar.Through his _11_ act, Payeng changed the sandbar into a thick, green forest that _12_ numerous birds, and wild animals. Payengs forest went largely _13_ until 2008, when a team of state officials _14_it.“We were surprised to find such a big _15_ on the sandbar，” Gunin Saikia, Assams Assistant Conservator of Forests, said. “We are _16_ at Payeng. He has been at it for 30 years.”Now, Payeng makes a _17_ with his family in the forest he planted by raising cows and selling milk, and he has his _18_ set on planting a second forest on another 1，300­acre sandbar.“It may take another 30 years, but I am _19_ about it，” Payeng said _20_【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了環(huán)保人士Payeng堅(jiān)持種樹(shù)30年，在沙洲里創(chuàng)造了一片令人驚嘆的森林。1A.food BwaterCshade DspaceC解析：A項(xiàng)意為“食物”；B項(xiàng)意為“水”；C項(xiàng)意為“陰涼處，(樹(shù))蔭”；D項(xiàng)意為“空間”。結(jié)合上文可知，洪水沖走了一大部分森林。由下文“.creatures begin to die off from heat”可推知，野生生物沒(méi)有足夠的樹(shù)蔭。故選C。2A.dangerous Bhelpless Caimless DfierceB解析：A項(xiàng)意為“危險(xiǎn)的”；B項(xiàng)意為“無(wú)助的”；C項(xiàng)意為“沒(méi)有目標(biāo)的”；D項(xiàng)意為“兇猛的”。聯(lián)系上下文可知，野生生物因?yàn)闆](méi)有足夠的樹(shù)蔭而死于炎熱，所以此時(shí)它們應(yīng)該感到很無(wú)助。故選B。3A.moved Bhurt Cattracted DsaddenedD解析：根據(jù)上文可知，森林遭到破壞，野生生物因?yàn)闆](méi)有足夠的樹(shù)蔭而感到無(wú)助。Payeng應(yīng)該對(duì)此感到悲傷。D項(xiàng)意為“使悲傷，使難過(guò)”，符合題意。故選D。4A.informed Bblamed Cdisturbed DcontactedD解析：A項(xiàng)意為“通知”；B項(xiàng)意為“責(zé)備”；C項(xiàng)意為“打擾”；D項(xiàng)意為“聯(lián)系”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，Payeng應(yīng)該是聯(lián)系林業(yè)部門(mén)，反映情況。故選D。5A.grow BliveCoccur DworkA解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，林業(yè)部門(mén)認(rèn)為沒(méi)有什么可以在沙洲中生長(zhǎng)。A項(xiàng)意為“生長(zhǎng)”，符合題意。故選A。6A.Therefore BInstead COtherwise DFortunatelyB解析：A項(xiàng)意為“因此”；B項(xiàng)意為“反而，卻”；C項(xiàng)意為“否則”；D項(xiàng)意為“幸運(yùn)地”。根據(jù)上文可知，林業(yè)部門(mén)認(rèn)為樹(shù)木無(wú)法在沙洲中生長(zhǎng)。因此他們反而建議Payeng種植竹子。故選B。7A.pleasant Bhopeful Cmeaningful DpainfulD解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，Payeng是環(huán)保人士，由此可推知，當(dāng)他聽(tīng)到無(wú)法通過(guò)種樹(shù)來(lái)改變沙洲環(huán)境時(shí)，他的感覺(jué)應(yīng)該是痛苦的。D項(xiàng)意為“痛苦的”，符合題意。故選D。8A.watering Bcutting Ccounting DobservingA解析：A項(xiàng)意為“澆水”；B項(xiàng)意為“切下”；C項(xiàng)意為“計(jì)算”；D項(xiàng)意為“觀察”。根據(jù)常識(shí)及語(yǔ)境可知，Payeng通過(guò)每天早晚為竹子幼苗澆水開(kāi)始創(chuàng)造森林。故選A。9A.change BdestroyCadd DimproveD解析：根據(jù)上文Payeng將紅蟻帶到沙洲中可知，他希望就此改良土壤。D項(xiàng)意為“改善，提高”，符合題意。故選D。10A.throw BintroduceCput DsendB解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，竹子開(kāi)始生長(zhǎng)之后，Payeng決定引入一些其他的樹(shù)種。introduce.into為固定用法，意為“將引進(jìn)，加入”。故選B。11A.unique Bridiculous Cstrange DstubbornA解析：A項(xiàng)意為“獨(dú)特的，唯一的”；B項(xiàng)意為“荒謬的”；C項(xiàng)意為“奇怪的”；D項(xiàng)意為“固執(zhí)的”。根據(jù)上文可知，Payeng通過(guò)種植竹子來(lái)創(chuàng)造森林，因此他的方法是獨(dú)特的。故選A。12A.bears Bincludes Cshelters DhidesC解析：A項(xiàng)意為“忍受”；B項(xiàng)意為“包括”；C項(xiàng)意為“給提供遮蔽”；D項(xiàng)意為“隱藏”。根據(jù)下文中“numerous birds，and wild animals”可知，綠色的森林可以為小鳥(niǎo)和野生動(dòng)物提供遮蔽處。故選C。13A.unaccepted Bunnoticed Cdiscovered DdisapprovedB解析：A項(xiàng)意為“不被接受的”；B項(xiàng)意為“未被注意的”；C項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“不支持”。根據(jù)上下文可知，Payeng的森林直到2008年才被注意到。not.until為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“直到才”。故選B。14A.studied Bresearched Ccame from Dcame acrossD解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，Payeng的森林一直未被注意到，直到一些官員偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)它。短語(yǔ)come across意為“偶然遇到”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。15A.forest Bhero Cbamboo DtreeA解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，官員驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)沙洲里居然有這么一大片森林。故選A。16A.sorry Bdisappointed Camazed DmadC解析：根據(jù)上文中的“surprised”可知，官員不只是對(duì)沙洲里的森林感到驚訝，對(duì)它的創(chuàng)造人也感到驚訝。be amazed at為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“對(duì)感到驚訝”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。17A.living Bdifference Cwonder DplanA解析：根據(jù)下文“by raising cows and selling milk”(靠養(yǎng)牛和賣(mài)牛奶)可知，Payeng和他的家人靠在森林里養(yǎng)牛和賣(mài)牛奶謀生。make a living為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“謀生”，符合題意。故選A。18A.company Bhome Climits DgoalsD解析：根據(jù)下文“planting a second forest on another 1，300­acre sandbar”可知，此處應(yīng)指Payeng給自己設(shè)定的目標(biāo)。goal意為“目標(biāo)”，符合題意。故選D。19A.anxious Boptimistic Cworried DcuriousB解析：A項(xiàng)意為“焦慮的”；B項(xiàng)意為“樂(lè)觀的”；C項(xiàng)意為“擔(dān)心的”；D項(xiàng)意為“好奇的”。根據(jù)上文“but”表轉(zhuǎn)折可知，雖然種出另一片森林要花費(fèi)他另一個(gè)三十年，但是Payeng對(duì)此持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。故選B。20A.determinedly Bhesitantly Ccalmly DloudlyA解析：根據(jù)上文可知，Payeng對(duì)種出另一片森林充滿信心，因此此處指Payeng堅(jiān)定地說(shuō)道。determinedly意為“堅(jiān)定地”，符合題意。故選A。 閱讀理解AEight years ago，back in 2010，some reports covered a story that the worlds longest railway tunnel was under construction in Switzerland.At that point it had already been under construction for over a decade.It had been voted to be built nearly a quarter of a century ago！The idea to build it could date back to nearly 70 years agoabout as old as some of your grandparents!Yesterday，it was finally ready!Its about 35 miles long and runs 7，500 feet beneath the Swiss Alps，a famous mountain range in Switzerland.It even runs under an old tunnel that was there before.It took a total of 17 years to build at a cost of$12 billion！28 million tons of rock were dug.Two million truckloads of earth were removed!The tunnel connects northern and southern Europe.The opening of this tunnel was such a big deal that the Germanys leader，Chancellor Angela Merkel，F(xiàn)rances president，F(xiàn)rancois Hollande，and Italys prime minister，Matteo Renzi，were all there to celebrate，as was Austrias chancellor Christian Kern.Its called the Gotthard Base Tunnel.Eventually，325 freight and passenger trains will go through the tunnel，relieving a lot of traffic on the roadways there and making it a more environmentally friendly option.The Gotthard Base Tunnel is a wonder of engineering and makes us want to visit it!【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了戈特哈德隧道的建成及其相關(guān)情況和由此帶來(lái)的意義。1When did people first have the idea of building the tunnel?AAbout 70 years ago.BHalf a century ago.CTwenty­five years ago.DSeven years ago.A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的最后一句可知，大約70年前人們第一次有建造該隧道的想法。故選A項(xiàng)。2What can we learn about the tunnel?AIt used to be an old tunnel.BIt has just been completed.CIt connects all European countries.DIt runs over a range of mountains.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Yesterday，it was finally ready！”可知，該隧道剛剛竣工。故選B項(xiàng)。3What may be the purpose of building the tunnel?ATo improve traffic.BTo increase employment.CTo attract donation.DTo stop pollution.A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“relieving a lot of traffic on the roadways there and making it a more environmentally friendly option”可知，該鐵路隧道修建的目的是緩解交通壓力。故選A項(xiàng)。4What can be inferred about the tunnel?AIt will cause conflicts among countries.BIt will be of little benefit to the locals.CIt may do damage to the environment.DIt may become a tourist attraction.D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一句中的“makes us want to visit it”可推知，該鐵路隧道可能會(huì)成為一個(gè)旅游勝地。故選D項(xiàng)。BOne of the biggest social issues in Japan is the increasingly low marriage rates among young people and the low birth rates, which lead to an aging and eventually shrinking(萎縮) population. Most young Japanese women simply dont seem interested in having many children.Now what began in Japan is happening globally. As David Brooks wrote, birth rates are becoming lower in much of the world, from Iran1.7 births per womanto Russian, where low birth rates connected with high death rates mean the population is already shrinking. And this includes the US., which has long had higher birth rates than most developed nations. Aging countries will face the burden of caring for large elderly populations without a larger resource of young workers.Its true that global aging is going to present some major challenges. Who will take care of the elderly? Will an older world be less active and slower to change and adapt? Its all true. Sometimes I worry about a coming generational war over resources, just as I worry about how I will take care of my own parents in their old age, just as I worry about who might take care of me.But heres the thing: an older world may have less pressure on the environment. As we all know, the environment is the real victim of overpopulation. So maybe a world that grows slower and grows older will put less pressure on the environment, and buy us a few more years to ensure our energy use, along with our birth rates, reaches a sustainable(可持續(xù)的) level. After all, were supposed to get smarter as we get older. Hopefully that holds t