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1、 Unit 6 Design 課時練(一)　閱讀理解組塊專練——練速度 (限時：35分鐘) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019·廣西三市聯(lián)考)You may be familiar with the following famous people, but have you heard of their graduation speeches, in which they either share their unforgettable experiences or give you some great inspiration? ●Michael Dell, University o

2、f Texas at Austin And now you've accomplished something great and important here, and it's time for you to move on to what's next. And you must not let anything prevent you from taking those first steps ... You must also commit to the adventure. Just have faith in the skills and the knowledge you'v

3、e been blessed with and go. ●J.K.Rowling, Harvard University Half my lifetime ago, I was striking an uneasy balance between my ambition and the expectations from my parents who were not rich ... But what I feared most for myself at your age was not poverty, but failure. The fact that you are gradu

4、ating from Harvard suggests that you know little about failure. You might be driven by a fear of failure quite as much as a desire for success. ●Steve Jobs, Stanford University Sometimes life's going to hit you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith ... Your work is going to fill a large part

5、of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work, and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking, and don't settle. ●Bill Gates, Harvard University We need as many people as possible to have access to

6、the advanced technology to lead to a revolution in what human beings can do for one another. They are making it possible not just for national governments, but for universities, smaller organizations, and even individuals to see problems, see approaches and deal with the world's inequities (不公平) lik

7、e hunger, poverty and so on. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了四位世界著名人物在畢業(yè)典禮上的演講，包括邁克爾·戴爾、J.K.羅琳、史蒂夫·喬布斯和比爾·蓋茨。 1．What Michael Dell said is to urge us to ________. A．listen to our heart　　　　 B．learn from our mistakes C．follow others' example D．pursue our dreams 解析：選D　推理判斷題。由第二段可知，邁克爾·戴爾認為畢業(yè)之時是繼續(xù)前進的時候，鼓勵人們勇于探

8、索冒險，鼓足信心，用自己的技能和知識繼續(xù)前進；據(jù)此可以判斷，邁克爾·戴爾鼓勵人們追求自己的夢想，故D項正確。 2．What did J．K. Rowling fear most when she was studying in university? A．Failure.　　　　　　 B．Hunger. C．Poverty. D．Parents' expectations. 解析：選A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“But what I feared most for myself at your age was not poverty, but failure”可知，J.K.羅琳

9、在大學(xué)時最害怕的不是貧窮，而是失?。还蔄項正確。 3．What does Bill Gates suggest people do? A．Master as much advanced technology as possible. B．Work together to solve some global problems. C．Make contributions to the environment. D．Take responsibility for their own behavior. 解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知，比爾·蓋茨鼓勵人們協(xié)同工作，一起解決全球的

10、饑餓、貧窮等不公平問題，故B項正確。 B (2019·成都診斷)This is my son Matthew's last night at home before college. I know that this is good news, and I feel proud that Matthew will go to a great school. I know that this is his finest hour. But looking at the suitcases on his bed sends me out of the room to a hidden corn

11、er where I can't stop crying. Through the sorrow, I feel rising embarrassment. “Pull_yourself_together！” I tell myself. There are parents sending their kids off to battle zones. How dare I feel so shattered? One of the great gifts of my life has been having my boys, Matthew and Johnowen. Through t

12、hem, I have explored the mysterious, complicated bond between fathers and sons. As my wife and I raised them, I have discovered the love and loss between my father and me. After my parents' divorce, I spent weekends with my dad in Ohio. By the time Sunday rolled around, I was unable to enjoy the day

13、's activities because I was already afraid of the goodbye of the evening. Now, standing among Matthew's accumulation of possessions, I realize it's me who has become a boy again. All my sadness and longing to hold on to things are back, sweeping over me as they did when I was a child. His bed is t

14、idy and spare. It already has the feel of a guest bed. In my mind I remember wrapping him in his favorite blanket. That was our nightly routine until one evening he said, “Daddy, I don't think I need a blanket tonight.” I think of all the times when we lay among the covers reading. I look at the bed

15、 and think of all the recent times when I was annoyed at how late he was sleeping. I'll never have to worry about that again, I realize. For his part, Matthew has been a rock. He is treating his leaving as just another day at the office. And I'm glad. After all, someone's got to be strong, and I'm

16、proud that he is charging into the first chapter of his adult life with such confidence. 語篇解讀：本文主要講述了作者在兒子即將離家去上大學(xué)時的感想。 4．What is the probable meaning of the underlined phrase “Pull yourself together”？ A．Get up. B．Cheer up. C．Pull up. D．Wake up. 解析：選B　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的“There are parents sending

17、 their kids off to battle zones. How dare I feel so shattered”可知，很多父母都把自己的孩子勇敢地送往人生的戰(zhàn)場，作者怎么能夠驚愕難過呢？由此可推知，此處的Pull yourself together意為“振作起來”，故選B。 5．What can we infer about Matthew from the text? A．He hates sleeping early. B．He doesn't get on well with his father. C．He is ready for the new life. D

18、．He doesn't value his father's love for him. 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可推知，Matthew已經(jīng)整裝待發(fā)，準備迎接自己的新生活了。 6．How does the writer feel about his son's leaving for college? A．Worried. B．Proud. C．Bittersweet. D．Relieved. 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，尤其是第一段最后一句和最后一段最后一句可推知，作者對兒子即將離開自己上大學(xué)一事，內(nèi)心是五味雜陳的，既有不舍又有開心，故選C。 7．W

19、hich of the following can be the best title of the text? A．Unavoidable Goodbye B．Sweet Memories C．The Glorious Moment D．Unconditional Love 解析：選A　標題歸納題。第一段開篇點題，再結(jié)合全文的整體內(nèi)容可推知，本文主要講了父子離別的故事，故選A。 C (2019·合肥質(zhì)檢)In today's society, language plays a key role in defining gender (性別) by vocabulary, a

20、nd also the non-verbal (非語言的) vocabulary. Each one of these different types of ways of communicating is obviously different between men and women. Many different studies show that men tend to talk much more than women. It has also been proven that women tend to speak faster than men; this is due to

21、 the fact that women tend to be interrupted more often than men are, and also have the ability to speak more clearly, precisely, and more quickly than men. In one study it was found that women spoke for an average of three minutes describing a painting, as opposed to the thirteen-minute average it t

22、ook men to describe it. Men and women also tend to have a very different nonverbal way of communicating, which can also make it very hard for one another to understand what the opposite sex is trying to say. Men's body language is much more reserved when they are talking to women. Men tend not to m

23、ake as much eye contact and they generally stay farther away from women when talking to them. Men avoid other people's body space while talking, and they also tend to sit back when talking. All of these have given off the impression of disinterest or boredom. Women are by far better listeners and mu

24、ch more enjoyable to talk with and they tend to raise more topics for conversation. Women also make it clearer whether or not the conversation is going somewhere or just stuck in neutral. After learning about our styles of communicating with each other, I have decided that although men have not qui

25、te mastered communicating, what fun would it be if we all spoke the same “l(fā)anguage”？ The little games men and women play with each other while conversing would be lost. The question everyone asks himself or herself after talking with someone of the opposite sex, “I wonder if there's something there？

26、” would no longer exist. 語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了男性和女性因性別差異而導(dǎo)致在溝通方式上也有所不同的現(xiàn)象。 8．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The differences between men's and women's languages. B．The different speed of men's and women's speech. C．The ability of men's and women's spoken language. D．The

27、non-verbal vocabulary of men and women. 解析：選B　代詞指代題。由this承接畫線詞前的“It has also been proven that women tend to speak faster than men”可推知，此處的this指代女性比男性說話快的現(xiàn)象，故選B。 9．In what way do men and women differ according to the third paragraph? A．Speed of understanding. B．Understanding of speech roles. C．Po

28、liteness of communication. D．Application of body language. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的整體內(nèi)容，尤其是該段第二句“Men's body language is much more reserved when they are talking to women”可推知，本段主要講的是男性和女性在非語言表達方式上的不同，即肢體語言使用上的差異，故選D。 10．What is the author's attitude to the differences between men's and women's communica

29、tion? A．Cautious. B．Favorable. C．Ambiguous. D．Skeptical. 解析：選B　觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段的第二、三句可推知，作者對男性和女性在溝通的差異性上持贊成態(tài)度，故選B。cautious“謹慎的”；favorable“贊成的”；ambiguous“模棱兩可的”；skeptical“懷疑的”。 11．What is the best title for the text? A．Women, born excellent talkers B．Men's and women's social roles C．Vocabular

30、y and communication D．Opposite gender, different language 解析：選D　標題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段的話題導(dǎo)入，并結(jié)合全文的整體內(nèi)容可推知，本文主要講的是男性和女性因性別差異而導(dǎo)致在溝通方式上也有所不同，故選D。 D (2019·昆明質(zhì)檢)Bats are the only mammals (哺乳動物) that can fly a long distance, but they have another ability. Many bats live a very long time for an animal of their si

31、ze. European researchers are studying bats to understand why they live so long. They hope to make discoveries aimed at fighting the aging process in human beings. Last week, the group of scientists said they had discovered important biological qualities in some bat species. The group studied bat ch

32、romosomes (染色體). The scientists were most interested in structures connected to the ends of the chromosomes. They are called telomeres (端粒), which shorten each time a cell divides. The scientists believe this shortening process causes cells to break down. They say this is what causes aging. The Eur

33、opean researchers studied 493 bats from four bat species. The group used information that had been gathered over more than 60 years. Of these animals, the greater mouse-eared bat generally lived an average of 37 years. The scientists said it had telomeres that did not shorten with age. Another Myoti

34、s hold the record for oldest age, reaching 41 years. The scientists' findings suggest that these bats' cells have the ability to keep and repair their telomeres. This, they said, helps guard against the aging process. Based on its body size, a bat like the greater mouse-eared bat would be expected

35、to live four years. But, these mammals have been found to live nearly 10 times longer than that. The scientists found that only 19 species of mammals live longer than humans when their body size is considered. 18 of these are bats. The only exception is an unusual African rat. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇研究性實驗報告。歐洲研

36、究人員通過研究蝙蝠了解了它們長壽的原因。 12．What decides bats' aging process according to the text? A．The length of telomeres. B．The body size of the bat. C．The types of chromosomes. D．The building of cells. 解析：選A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“They are called telomeres (端粒), which shorten each time a cell divides. The scientists

37、 believe this shortening process causes cells to break down. They say this is what causes aging”可知，端粒的長度決定了蝙蝠變老的過程。故選A。 13．How long does a greater mouse-eared bat generally live? A．19 years. B．37 years. C．41 years. D．60 years. 解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Of these animals, the greater mouse-eared bat

38、 generally lived an average of 37 years”可知，在這些動物中，通常大鼠耳蝠的平均壽命為37歲。故選B。 14．We can learn from the text that ________. A．the scientists have studied bats for more than six decades B．19 kinds of bats could live longer than humans C．the bats studied in the research are of the same species D．research

39、ers focus on finding out why humans live long 解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The European researchers studied 493 bats from four bat species. The group used information that had been gathered over more than 60 years”可知，歐洲的研究人員研究了四種蝙蝠中的493只蝙蝠。該組研究人員使用了超過60年時間收集的信息。故可推斷出選項A的表述正確。 15．In which column of a magazi

40、ne can you read the text? A．Lifestyle. B．Business. C．Science. D．Fashion. 解析：選C　文章出處題。本文是對蝙蝠長壽原因的探究并且研究人員都是科學(xué)家，所以應(yīng)該是在雜志中科研方面的專欄，所以選項C正確。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 (2019·東北三省四市模擬) Does your mood change with the seasons? Some people find that when the temperature goes down, so do their spirits. __16__ They ea

41、t more and gain weight. They have trouble sleeping. They can't think clearly. Here are some ways you can beat the winter blues. Get out in the sun. Some experts say that winter blues happen because we get less sunlight in the winter than we do in other seasons. Some say that the decrease in sunlig

42、ht can make us feel sad. __17__ Get some exercise. A walk or other exercise will make chemicals called endorphins (內(nèi)啡肽) in your body. Endorphins are natural “feel good” chemicals. __18__ Avoid having too much sugar. If you crave sugary foods (like cookies or candy), it may be a sign that you need

43、more protein (蛋白質(zhì)), like meat, eggs, or fish. Get some rest. Avoid holiday stress. Cut back if you have too many things to do. Make sure you have some quiet time to yourself. __19__ Studies show that most teens need about nine hours of sleep each night. The average teen, though, gets only about six

44、 or seven hours of sleep per night. Get help. Be cautious if you feel sad all the time and the feeling won't go away. __20__ Talk to an adult who you trust or get help from a doctor. A．Eat more healthful foods. B．Choose different foods in season. C．Don't be so busy that you get run-down. D．Thos

45、e people sometimes feel sad for no reason. E．You may have a bigger problem than the winter blues. F．Getting extra sunlight each day can help brighten your mood. G．A regular pattern of sleep is the most important thing to maintain. 語篇解讀：有些人的情緒會隨著季節(jié)的變化而變化。本文介紹了五種克服冬季抑郁的方法。 16．解析：選D　根據(jù)空前一句可知，有的人當(dāng)溫

46、度下降時，情緒也會低落，本段主要說明了這種現(xiàn)象，空后敘述了具體的表現(xiàn)。所以D項符合語境。 17．解析：選F　根據(jù)上文的“Get out in the sun”和“Some say that the decrease in sunlight can make us feel sad”可知，F(xiàn)項與上文銜接緊密，符合語境。 18．解析：選A　根據(jù)本段的內(nèi)容可知，本段說的是健康飲食。所以選A項。 19．解析：選C　根據(jù)段首的“Get some rest”可知，本段說的是要注意休息。故C項符合語境。 20．解析：選E　根據(jù)上下文可知，空處前后在含義上存在輕微的遞進關(guān)系，結(jié)合選項可知，E項“你可

47、能有比冬季抑郁更嚴重的問題”能很好地起到過渡作用。故選E項。 課時練(二)　語言知識運用組塊專練——練準度 (限時：30分鐘) Ⅰ.完形填空 (2019·廣西三市聯(lián)考)My 8-hour sleepy flight finally came to an end after I stepped out of the airport. __1__ on the bus, I was waiting anxiously for it to start. A woman beside me and her daughter both seemed __2__. She told me t

48、hat her daughter had an upset stomach and would __3__ continuously; __4__， the mother had lost her purse. Apart from a significant __5__ of money, the purse also had her phone and a phone number of an important __6__.She would meet him for discussing a(n) __7__ matter which had to be __8__ by tomorr

49、ow morning. I handed her my cellphone without __9__ and told her that she could make any __10__ she wanted. I also produced a bottle of water I had in my bag to relieve her daughter of her __11__.After making several calls, they finally __12__ to the official! They turned to look at me __13__ and t

50、hanked me many times. The woman tried to __14__ for my assistance, but I refused __15__ I knew she had lost her money. The next morning, I received a call from the mother, saying that they couldn't __16__ how much my generous act touched them. They were so __17__ that they had taken down my number

51、to thank me. I was astonished to be thanked in this way. I never thought my simple offer __18__ so much in their heart. And I thought of how many opportunities for kindness we had lost by being absorbed in cellphones and being disconnected __19__ the reality around us — something with easy __20__ ma

52、y make a big difference to others. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。在乘坐公共汽車時，“我”幫助了一位鄰座的女士和她的女兒，這位女士和她的女兒十分感謝“我”，“我”由此得出感悟：一個簡單的善舉常常能解決他人的燃眉之急。 1．A.Getting　　　　　　　　 B．Got C．Seated D．Seating 解析：選C　坐在公共汽車的座位上，“我”著急地等著發(fā)車；be seated on為固定搭配，意為“坐在……座位上”。 2．A.relaxed B．excited C．unconscious D．uncomfortable 解析：選D　

53、根據(jù)空后一句“She told me that her daughter had an upset stomach ... the mother had lost her purse”可知，鄰座的女士告訴“我”她的女兒胃不舒服，并且她丟失了錢包；因此鄰座的這位女士和她的女兒看起來都不舒服；D項意為“不舒服的”，符合語境。A項意為“放松的”，B項意為“興奮的”，C項意為“不省人事的，失去知覺的”，都與語境不符。 3．A.throw up B．put up C．take up D．pick up 解析：選A　根據(jù)該句中的“She told me that her daughter h

54、ad an upset stomach”可知，鄰座的女士告訴“我”她的女兒胃不舒服，結(jié)合該句中的“continuously”和常識可以判斷，她會不斷地嘔吐；A項意為“嘔吐”，符合語境。B項意為“搭建，建造”；C項意為“開始從事，占據(jù)”；D項意為“撿起，(偶然)學(xué)會”。 4．A.however B．besides C．therefore D．otherwise 解析：選B　根據(jù)空前的她的女兒胃不舒服并會不斷嘔吐及空后的這位女士還丟失了錢包可知，空處前后為遞進關(guān)系，B項意為“此外，而且”，表示遞進，故B項正確。A項意為“然而”；C項意為“因此”；D項意為“否則”。 5．A.numb

55、er B．variety C．mass D．a(chǎn)mount 解析：選D　除了一大筆錢，錢包里還有她的手機和一個重要的電話號碼。a significant amount of“相當(dāng)數(shù)量的……”符合語境，故D項正確。 6．A.accountant B．official C．lawyer D．doctor 解析：選B　根據(jù)下一句中的“She would meet him for discussing a(n) ________ matter”，并結(jié)合第三段第三句中的“official”可知，此處指一個重要官員的電話號碼。B項意為“官員”，符合語境。A項意為“會計”；C項意為“

56、律師”；D項意為“醫(yī)生”。 7．A.simple B．political C．urgent D．financial 解析：選C　根據(jù)該句“She would meet him for discussing a(n) ________ matter ... by tomorrow morning”可知，所討論的事情要在明天早晨之前解決，故此事是很緊急的；C項意為“緊急的”，符合語境。A項意為“簡單的”，B項意為“政治的”，D項意為“財政的”，都與語境不符。 8．A.settled B．ignored C．raised D．dropped 解析：選A　參見上題解析。A項

57、意為“解決”，符合語境。B項意為“忽視”，C項意為“提起”，D項意為“掉下，落下”，都與語境不符。 9．A.doubt B．permission C．question D．hesitation 解析：選D　根據(jù)該句中的“I handed her my cellphone without”和下文內(nèi)容可知，“我”毫不猶豫地將手機借給了她；without hesitation為固定搭配，意為“毫不猶豫地”，符合語境。A項意為“懷疑”，B項意為“許可”，C項意為“疑問”，都與語境不符。 10．A.call B．decision C．choice D．promise 解析：選

58、A　手機是用來打電話的；A項意為“電話”，符合語境。B項意為“決定”；C項意為“選擇”；D項意為“承諾”。 11．A.fever B．stress C．sickness D．a(chǎn)ppetite 解析：選C　根據(jù)第二段第二句可知，鄰座女士的女兒胃不舒服，會不斷嘔吐；因此此處指“我”從包里取出一瓶水遞給她的女兒以緩解她的嘔吐情況；C項意為“惡心，嘔吐”，符合語境。A項意為“發(fā)燒”，B項意為“壓力”，D項意為“食欲”，都與語境不符。 12．A.came over B．went through C．got through D．turned around 解析：選C　在打了幾次

59、電話后，她們終于打通了這位官員的電話。C項意為“接通，打通”，符合語境。A項意為“拜訪”，B項意為“通過”，D項意為“轉(zhuǎn)身，好轉(zhuǎn)”，都與語境不符。 13．A.doubtfully B．closely C．curiously D．gratefully 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文可知，“我”將我包里的水送給鄰座女士的女兒，并將手機借給她們，她們打通了那位官員的電話；她們轉(zhuǎn)過身來感激地看著“我”，不斷地感謝“我”。D項意為“感激地”，符合語境，故D項正確。A項意為“懷疑地”，B項意為“仔細地”，C項意為“好奇地”，都與語境不符。 14．A.thank B．pay C．a(chǎn)ward

60、D．praise 解析：選B　根據(jù)該句中的“I knew she had lost her money”可知，這位女士要付錢給“我”以表達感謝，但是因為“我”知道她丟了錢，“我”拒絕了。B項意為“付款”，符合語境。A項意為“感謝”；C項意為“獎勵”；D項意為“贊揚”。 15．A.since B．if C．while D．a(chǎn)lthough 解析：選A　參見上題解析。A項意為“因為”，符合語境。 16．A.express B．talk C．describe D．compose 解析：選A　第二天早上，“我”接到了這位女士的電話，說她們無法用言語表達她們有多感動。A項意

61、為“表達”，符合語境。B項意為“交談”；C項意為“描述”；D項意為“組成，作曲，寫”。 17．A.reasonable B．considerate C．flexible D．considerable 解析：選B　她們是如此細心，還將“我”的電話號碼記下來以感謝“我”。B項意為“體貼的，考慮周到的”，符合語境。A項意為“有理由的”，C項意為“易彎曲的，柔韌的，靈活的”，D項意為“相當(dāng)大的”，都與語境不符。 18．A.increased B．balanced C．weighed D．ranked 解析：選C　“我”從來沒有想到“我”的一次簡單的幫助在她們的心中如此有分量

62、；C項意為“有影響，有分量”，故C項正確。A項意為“增加”，B項意為“平衡”，D項意為“具有……等級(地位)”，都與語境不符。 19．A.in B．beyond C．of D．from 解析：選D　沉浸在手機的世界中、與周圍的現(xiàn)實脫節(jié)，使我們失去了很多表達善意的機會；be disconnected from ...為固定搭配，意為“與……脫離”，故D項正確。 20．A.reach B．a(chǎn)ccess C．range D．purpose 解析：選B　根據(jù)上文可知，沉浸在手機的世界中、與周圍的現(xiàn)實脫節(jié)，使我們失去了很多表達善意的機會；結(jié)合該句中的“with easy __

63、______ may make a big difference to others”和上文“我”將手機借給鄰座的女士使用的故事可知，一個簡單容易的方法就能極大地幫助別人，對別人產(chǎn)生重大影響。B項意為“(使用或見到的)機會，權(quán)利”，符合語境。A項意為“距離，限度”，C項意為“能力范圍”，D項意為“目的”，都與語境不符。 Ⅱ.語法填空 (2019·武漢調(diào)研)The energy that so many outsiders feel when they are in China comes not just from the hurrying footsteps that can __1__

64、 (see) everywhere. It also comes from a sense that it is used for something bigger. A few years ago, I interviewed Zhang Xin, a young man from a __2__ (deep) poor agricultural province in central China. His parents were wheat __3__ (farmer) and lived in a tiny one-room house next to the fields. He

65、__4__ (graduate) from Tsinghua University and gotten a job as a software engineer at Huawei. His success, Zhang told me one day, had changed his family forever, __5__ (keep) his families away from hard labor forever. Not his parents. Not his children. That kind of life was over. Multiply that young

66、 man's story by millions, __6__ you will get a sense that this once very backward society has become __7__ forward-looking country. A smart American who lived in China for years put it this way: “China is making a great effort to become __8__ it has not yet become. It is upwardly mobile, proudly so.” Proudly so, because as Zhang understood, hard work today means a much __9__ (good) life decades from now for __10__ (he) later generations and the country. 語篇解讀：本文是社會生活類說明文。作者采訪了一位出身貧苦、畢業(yè)于清華大學(xué)的張先生