（江蘇版）2019屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn)聚焦 Unit 1 The world知能演練輕松闖關(guān) 牛津譯林版必修3

Unit 1 The worldA卷 單項(xiàng)填空1(2018·南京高三年級學(xué)情調(diào)研)The traditional _ to dealing with complex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed ones.AapplicationBreferenceCapproachDintroductionC解析：句意：解決復(fù)雜問題的傳統(tǒng)方法是把它們分解為更小的、 更容易處理的問題。approach意為“方法； 途徑”， 后常接介詞to。其他選項(xiàng)意義不符合。application “應(yīng)用； 申請”； reference “參考； 推薦人； 推薦函”； introduction “介紹”。2Seeing the girl struggling in the lake, he threw himself in the icy water without _， and saved her from drowning.AhesitationBapplicationCsuggestionDrepetitionA解析：考查名詞辨析。句意：看到那個女孩在湖里掙扎， 他毫不猶豫地跳進(jìn)冰冷的水里救下眼看要溺水的女孩。hesitation “猶豫”； application “申請， 運(yùn)用”； suggestion “建議”； repetition “重復(fù)”。根據(jù)句意可知， 應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。3(2018·南通調(diào)研)Much to our _， the outcome of the general election is far better than we have expected before.AdelightBreliefCsurpriseDdisappointmentB解析：大選結(jié)果遠(yuǎn)比之前我們預(yù)料的要好， 這使我們很寬慰。 to ones relief “使人寬慰的是”，符合句意。 to ones delight “令某人高興的是”； to ones surprise “令某人驚訝的是”； to ones disappointment “令某人失望的是”。4Although Kate didnt say anything, I _that she didnt like this young man.AstaredBfearedCsensedDwatchedC解析：句意：盡管凱特沒說什么， 但我能感覺到她不喜歡這個年輕人。sense “感覺到”， 符合句意。5(2018·泰州中學(xué)學(xué)情診斷)It is obvious to the students_ they should get wellprepared for their future.AasBwhichCwhetherDthatD解析：考查名詞性從句中的主語從句用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知it為形式主語， 代替_ they should get wellprepared for their future, 并且從句意思完整， 不缺成分，故選D項(xiàng)。6The final score of the basketball match was 9394.We were only _beaten.AnearlyBslightlyCnarrowlyDlightlyC解析：句意：籃球比賽最后的比分是93比94。我們勉強(qiáng)被打敗。nearly “幾乎”； slightly “稍微”； narrowly “勉強(qiáng)地； 差一點(diǎn)兒”； lightly “輕微地； 輕度地”。7The book wasnt intended for children probably because the author _too many scientific terms in it.AattractedBappealedCemployedDattachedC解析：句意：這本書不適合孩子讀， 很可能因?yàn)樽髡咴跁锸褂昧颂嗟目茖W(xué)術(shù)語。employ “使用”； attract “吸引”； appeal “迎合； 吸引”； attach “粘貼； 附屬于”。8Compared with his sister, Jerry is even more_ to, and more easily troubled by, emotional and relationship problems.AscepticalBaddictedCavailableDsensitiveD解析：句意：與他的妹妹相比， Jerry對情感和人際關(guān)系方面的問題更敏感， 更容易被困擾。sensitive “敏感的； 易受傷害的”。sceptical “懷疑的”； addicted “沉迷的”； available “(物)可用的； 可得到的； (人)可會見的”。9Its reported that the factory is now _ large as what it was.Atwice asBas twiceCtwice muchDmuch twiceA解析：句意：據(jù)報(bào)道這個工廠現(xiàn)在是以前的兩倍大。 倍數(shù)的表示法有多種， 此處為 “倍數(shù)as形容詞/副詞原級as其他” 結(jié)構(gòu)。10In their spare time, the couple often take the kids to galleries, museums and theaters, hoping to _ them to as much art and culture as possible.AexposeBattachCchallengeDpromoteA解析：考查動詞辨析。 句意：這對夫婦在空閑時間常常帶他們的孩子們?nèi)ギ嬂取?博物館和電影院， 希望讓他們盡可能多地接觸藝術(shù)和文化。 這里用expose “體驗(yàn)， 接觸”。 attach “把固定”； challenge “向(某人)挑戰(zhàn)”； promote “提升”。 11_was needed at that time，she told me，was some good luck.AThatBWhatCWhichDAsB解析：考查名詞性從句。句意：她告訴我，那個時候她需要的就是一些好運(yùn)氣。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“_was needed at that time”為主語從句，且從句中缺主語，故用what，選B。12The company is starting a new advertising campaign to_new customers to its stores.AjoinBattractCstickDtransferB解析：句意：為了把新的顧客吸引到店內(nèi)， 公司開始了一場新的廣告戰(zhàn)。 attract “吸引”； join “參加”； stick “粘， 貼； 固定在某處”； transfer “轉(zhuǎn)移； 傳給”。 13In China people believe in the saying “out of debt, out of pressure”； however, in the west, it is just the_when you are in debt, you are trustworthy and financially capable.AobjectiveBoppositeCcontraryDcontradictoryB解析：考查形容詞辨析。 句意：在中國， 人們相信 “無債一身輕” 這句諺語； 然而， 在西方國家卻正好相反當(dāng)你負(fù)債的時候， 你是值得信任的、 有經(jīng)濟(jì)能力的。 objective “客觀的”； opposite “相反的”； contrary “相反的， 相對立的”； contradictory “相互矛盾的”。 根據(jù)句意可知， 分號前后是截然相反的兩種情況， 因此B項(xiàng)符合語境。 the contrary雖然也可以表示 “相反的”， 但是不作表語。 14The parking rules in public places should be _ strictly, otherwise you will get a ticket.ArealizedBrecognizedCconsultedDobservedD解析：句意：公共場所的停車規(guī)定應(yīng)該嚴(yán)格遵守， 否則你會拿到一張罰單。 observe “遵守”。15 “Could we put off the meeting? ” she asked. “_，” he answered politely. “This is the only day everyone is available.” ANot likelyBNot exactlyCNot nearlyDNot reallyA解析：根據(jù)答語后半句可以知道 “大家只有今天都有空”， 所以對推遲會議的建議表示委婉拒絕。 Not likely “不見得， 不大可能” 符合題意。 Not exactly “不完全； 不全是； 未必就”； Not nearly “遠(yuǎn)不及， 完全不”； Not really “事實(shí)上不是”。 閱讀理解The International Voluntary Service runs a number of Youth Exchanges throughout the year.Youth Exchanges give small groups of 45 young people the opportunity to take part in volunteering trips abroad for an average of two weeks.These young people are joined by 45 young people from 34 other nationalities and are a wonderful intercultural experience in a safe environment.Example Youth Exchanges：Youth Exchange 1Location: IrelandOther nationalities: Ireland, Spain, Italy, HungaryTheme: Focuses on the topic of community reconstruction and community activitiesexploring how local issues facing our communities are connected to global issues.The group will also learn about the eco­village as an example of a community and take part in team­building activities.Youth Exchange 2Location: FranceOther nationalities: Bulgaria, Italy, FranceTheme: Organic gardening & continual living.This project will take place in a natural park, where the group will take part in gardening activities and games/workshops about continuous development.Youth Exchange 3Location: MacedoniaOther nationalities: Serbia, Turkey, IrelandTheme: Foster(培養(yǎng)) social inclusion and motivate personal development of young people through sports and outdoor activities.Promote outdoor activities as a tool to help inclusion of young people with fewer opportunities.Youth Exchange 4Location：ItalyOther nationalities: Italy, Bulgaria, GreeceTheme: A social­environmental project that intends to promote social inclusion and continuous development, regarded as a process of civil rights and active citizenship.Over 10 days, the group will participate in activities to raise awareness about the effect of our behavior on the environment.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要向讀者介紹了四種青年交流活動，這些活動可以讓來自不同國籍的年輕人體驗(yàn)到跨國文化。1What do you focus on when travelling in France?AGardening work.BCivil rights.CDeveloping social inclusion.DRebuilding communities.A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Youth Exchange 2部分的Theme: Organic gardening & continual living.This project will take place in a natural park, where the group will take part in gardening activities and games/workshops about continuous development.可知，在法國舉行的青年交流活動中，你可以參加園藝工作。故選A。2If you are interested in protecting the environment, you can take part in _AYouth Exchange 1BYouth Exchange 2CYouth Exchange 3DYouth Exchange 4D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Youth Exchange 4部分最后一句.the group will participate in activities to raise awareness about the effect of our behavior on the environment.可知，如果你對保護(hù)環(huán)境感興趣，你可以參加的青年交流活動是Youth Exchange 4。故選D。3Which nationality are Youth Exchanges most popular with?ASpain.BItaly.CIreland.DFrance.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中提到的四個青年交流活動中的“Other nationalities”部分的內(nèi)容可知，這種青年交流活動最受意大利人歡迎。故選B。 任務(wù)型閱讀(2018·鹽城模擬)What is eco­fashion? Eco­fashion is about making clothes that take into account the environment, the health of consumers and the working conditions of people in the fashion industry.It is a complex phenomenon and the common use of the term covers two aspects of fashion “ecological” and “ethical”. Ecological fashion usually refers to textile(織物) and clothing production processes and the environmental issues surrounding them; ethical fashion generally relates to the working conditions involved in the producing processes.What are the problems with fashion? A closer look at the fashion industry points out many problems that are common practices in the creation of our fashions from the field to the factory.Firstly, the production of textiles pollutes the environment heavily.Cotton­planting uses pesticides; sheep­farming and wool­cleaning contribute to global warming; synthetics­making(人造纖維生產(chǎn)) brings about waste which does harm to our environment.Secondly, every stage of clothing production has a significant effect on the environment.They all use a great deal of energy, and some also involve harmful chemicals.In addition to this, there is a lot of waste produced in the process, especially in the form of polluted water.Thirdly, growing consumption levels and our shopping habits further worsen the bad effects.We are now buying clothes in increasing quantities without realizing the scale on which it affects natural environment, and we are also quick to throw away clothes that have been worn only a couple of times.Then, how to solve the problems? Other industries that design products are ahead of the fashion industry when it comes to choosing sustainable materials, designing for minimum waste, choosing energy efficient manufacturing and creating products for longevity.The fashion industry has been slow to adopt these changes and part of the problem is the very nature of fashion.To a large degree, it is the fashion producers that really have the power and the responsibility to shape our future.There are numerous ways in which these producers can reduce their ecological footprint, from switching to green energy and reducing energy use, through selecting sustainable materials and choosing local suppliers, to recycle and minimize waste.On the other hand, as consumers we can all make contributions by selecting environmentally friendly clothing and reducing clothing consumption.There is some concern that eco­friendly fashions are just a trend that we will eventually grow tired of, but we can make sure that doesnt happen.Now many people are beginning to shop for organic food products because the benefits of eating food free of chemicals are straightforward and immediate.They relate directly to our personal health.In fact, choosing eco­fashion can also contribute to our personal health, though it is mostly done by the way of keeping the health of the planet.Why Choose Eco­Fashion？1._of fashionEcologicalTextile & clothing production processes；Issues related to 2._EthicalWorking 3._involvedProblems with fashionTextile 4._Cotton­planting: use of pesticides；Sheep­farming & wool­cleaning: global warming；Synthetics­making：5._wasteClothing productionProducing a lot of waste；Using harmful chemicals; 6._ a great deal of energyConsumptionlevels &shoppinghabitsNew clothes: bought in increasing quantities；Old clothes：7._away quickly續(xù)表Why Choose Eco­Fashion？8._to problemsFashionproducersWays to recycle and 9._waste: switching to green energy；reducing energy use；selecting sustainable materials；choosing local suppliers10._Selecting environmentally friendlyclothing；Reducing clothing consumption Choosing eco­fashion can contribute to our personal health.答案：1.Aspects2.environment3.conditions4.production5.harmful6.Consuming/Using7.thrown8Solutions9.minimize10.ConsumersB卷 完形填空Im sitting at the airport watching people in the last minutes before their loved ones arrive or depart.A woman is running in circles trying to gather family members together for a _1_. When the final moment comes before _2_， she wraps her arms around her son, giving him a _3_ hug that should protect him until he _4_I sit with a book in my hands, waiting my turn to leave _5_because the ones I love have a different _6_from mine.I think of other departures and arrivals. I _7_seeing my daughter. I wrapped myself around her as if shed been _8_. That year she was in her first year at university, coming home for the first time.Today my flight is two hours late. When my flight is _9_called, I gather my book and luggage. _10_there is no one to see me off, I do not _11_to see where I have come from. _12_， I think of my husband at work _13_ if I have left yet.As I head towards the plane, I find myself _14_yet another arrival and departure. That year, my 91­year­old grandfather died. After returning from his funeral, I arrived at the airport _15_. My husband of only a year was waiting at the gate to take me in his arms. Because of my tears, _16_was looking at us, but I didnt _17_Life needs the important _18_all the time. I wish that all the people who went on a _19_could come back to find someone _20_them. I also wish they could leave with someone to see them off.【解題導(dǎo)語】作者在機(jī)場看到迎接與送行的場景，回憶起與女兒和丈夫的溫馨往事，意識到人生中需要?dú)g聚與離別這些重要的時刻。1A.lectureBgoodbyeCdinnerDpartyB解析：結(jié)合上文出現(xiàn)的“arrive or depart”和下文中的“the final moment”可知，空處應(yīng)該是一個告別(goodbye)的場景，故選B。2A.gatheringBboardingCannouncingDlandingB解析：根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示登機(jī)(boarding)前最后的時刻，故選B。3A.powerfulBgentleCwarmDcommonA解析：結(jié)合下文中的“protect him”可知，母親在兒子登機(jī)前給他一個強(qiáng)有力的(powerful)擁抱，故選A。gentle“溫柔的”；warm“溫暖的”；common“共同的，普遍的”。4A.leavesBsurvivesCreturnsDrecoversC解析：根據(jù)語境可知，快要登機(jī)的時候，母親給了兒子一個強(qiáng)有力的擁抱，自然是盼望兒子能一路平安并平安歸來，故選C。leave“離開”；survive“幸存，艱難渡過”；recover“恢復(fù)”。5A.frightenedBanxiousCrelaxedDaloneD解析：根據(jù)空后的“because the ones I love have a different _from mine”和下文中的“there is no one to see me off”可知，作者是一個人(alone)，沒有人來為她送行，所以選D。frightened“害怕的，受驚的”；anxious“焦慮的，渴望的”；relaxed“放松的”。6A.scheduleBattitudeCpositionDtargetA解析：根據(jù)語境可知，作者一個人離開是因?yàn)樗鶒壑硕加胁煌娜粘贪才?。schedule“日程安排，計(jì)劃表”符合語境，故選A。7A.imagineBenjoyCrecallDconsiderC解析：結(jié)合語境可知，作者回憶起(recall)女兒上大學(xué)第一次回家的往事，所以選C項(xiàng)。8A.stolenBcheatedClostDpunishedC解析：根據(jù)語境可知，作者一把抱住女兒，好像她走失了很久。lost“丟失的，遺失的”符合語境，故選C。9A.punctuallyBfinallyCabruptlyDrepeatedlyB解析：結(jié)合語境可知，作者等待很久之后，所乘的航班終于(finally)通知登機(jī)了，故選B。punctually“準(zhǔn)時地”；abruptly“突然地”；repeatedly“反復(fù)地”。10A.AlthoughBWhileCTillDSinceD解析：根據(jù)語境可知，“_there is no one to see me off”和“I do not _to see where I have come from”是因果關(guān)系，所以空處用Since“因?yàn)?，既然”?1A.slow downBget offClook backDrun awayC解析：既然沒有人來送行，作者不需要回頭張望(look back)。 slow down“放慢，減速”；get off“下車，離開”；run away“突然離開，逃離”。12A.HoweverBBesidesCInsteadDThereforeC解析：結(jié)合語境可知，作者沒有回頭張望，相反地，作者想的是，還在上班的丈夫不知道作者是否已經(jīng)離開。故選C項(xiàng)。13A.doubtingBaskingCpredictingDwonderingD解析：參見上題解析。wonder if.“不知道是否”符合語境，故選D。14A.rememberingBforgettingCplanningDrejectingA解析：結(jié)合語境可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己記得(remembering)另一次以前的迎接與送行，故選A。15A.shoutingBcryingClaughingDwhisperingB解析：結(jié)合下文中的“Because of my tears”可知，此處應(yīng)用crying。shout“大喊，喊叫”；laugh“大笑，笑”；whisper“低語，悄聲說”。16A.someoneBeveryoneCnoneDanyoneB解析：此處指的是，因?yàn)樽髡呖奁?，每個人(everyone)都在看著作者和她的丈夫。故選B。17A.careBrespondCscoldDfleeA解析：雖然大家都在看，但是作者并不在意(care)，故選A。respond“回復(fù)，作出反應(yīng)”；scold“訓(xùn)斥，責(zé)罵”；flee“逃離”。18A.arrivalBchanceCdepartureDmomentD解析：根據(jù)語境可知，人生中一直需要這樣重要的時刻(moment)，故選D。arrival“到達(dá)”；chance“機(jī)會”；departure“離開”。19A.journeyBdietCpicnicDholidayA解析：根據(jù)語境可知，作者希望所有出行(journey)的人回來時都能看到有人在等待(waiting for)他們。故選A。20A.worrying aboutBsmiling atCtalking ofDwaiting forD解析：參見上題解析。 閱讀理解ABack home from the Navy，I started school at Greenville College in my hometown of Illinois. Id been out of high school for four years，but my high school headmaster，Mr.Gardner，invited me to a Valentines Day dance party at school. The thought of seeing my former teachers was exciting. So I agreed.When Friday came, I cleaned up，dressed up and drove to the high school gym. I chatted with my teachers and approached Mr. Gardner to thank him before leaving. Just then, the band started playing and a young girl stood up to sing. One look at her and I was crazyI had never seen such a beautiful girl!I asked Mr. Gardner who she was，and he answered，“Thats Marilyn Riley，Cut Rileys daughter.”I was shocked to say the least. They lived just around the corner from me. I walked across the gym floor to introduce myself，“Hi，Im Jack Joseph.”“I know who you are，”was her not­too­friendly response.“Would you like to dance？” I asked. “No！Im working，” she shot back.“Can I call you next week for a movie date？” I asked. “No” was her response.For the next month I phoned，trying to set up a date. She always had the same answer：No. Then one rainy afternoon in March as I was driving home after basketball practice，I saw Marilyn, walking with no umbrella，no raincoat and no hat. I pulled alongside her and asked if she needed a ride，half expecting her to say no. Instead，she stepped over the roadside and sat down on the seat next to me. It was only a few blocks to her house，but after pulling into her driveway we talked for 45 minutes. It was magic from then on.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了作者海軍退伍之后受母校校長邀請參加情人節(jié)舞會，遇到一位女孩并與其交往的故事。1Why did Jack decide to attend the party?AThe party was held to welcome him back home.BMarilyn would be introduced to him at the party.CHe could meet some of his former teachers there.DThey gathered there to celebrate Valentines Day.C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的最后兩句可以看出，由于在情人節(jié)舞會上可以見到原來的老師，所以作者決定參加舞會。所以選C項(xiàng)。2What was the authors attitude towards the party?ACasual.BFormal.CPassive.DWorried.B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段首句的描述可以看出，作者對這次舞會的態(tài)度是很正式的(formal)。所以選B項(xiàng)。3We can infer from the text that_AJack once served in the army after high schoolBit took Jack 45 minutes to drive Marilyn homeCJack and Marilyn were familiar with each otherDit was Marilyns cold attitude that interested JackA解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Back home from the Navy. Id been out of high school for four years”可以推斷，作者在高中畢業(yè)后去海軍服役了4年，退役后就讀于家鄉(xiāng)的大學(xué)。所以選A項(xiàng)。4How would the story most probably develop in the end？AMarilyn would fall in love with Jack.BJack would make great achievements in college.CMarilyn would become a famous singer.DJack would have frequent conflicts with Marilyn.A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)末段最后兩句可以看出，作者和這位女孩的關(guān)系有很大改善。特別是從最后一句“從那以后(我們之間的關(guān)系)很神奇”可以推斷出，故事結(jié)局與兩人的關(guān)系有關(guān)，而四個選項(xiàng)的敘述之中，只有選項(xiàng)A提及二人關(guān)系。所以選A項(xiàng)。BMay Day, the first day of May, is celebrated as a spring festival in many countries. It marks the approach of summer.The English developed their May Day festival from the Roman festival called Floralia. In the festival of Floralia, the Romans gathered flowers to honor the goddess of spring, Flora. In the Middle Ages, May Day became the favorite holiday of many English villages. People gathered flowers to decorate their homes and churches, sang spring songs and chose a king and a queen of May. Villagers danced around a tall pole fixed upright in the ground, called a maypole, each holding the end of a ribbon attached to the top of the pole. They tied the ribbons around the pole until it was covered with bright colors. They collected dew(露水) on May Day morning and washed their faces with it because they believed that the dew on the day had the magic power to regain youth.Nowadays in Britain people no longer attach great importance to the day, but in some towns and villages people still celebrate it by choosing the May Queen and dancing around the maypole. May Queen is a girl selected as the most beautiful girl on May Day. She is usually crowned with flowers and often driven in procession through the street. In the United States, the day has never been celebrated with the same enthusiasm as in Britain. But in many American towns and cities, children celebrate the day with dancing and singing. They often gather flowers in handmade paper baskets and hang them on the doorknobs of the homes of their friends and neighbors on May Day morning. At May Day parties, children select May Queen, dance around the maypole, and sing May Day songs.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了歐洲國家的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日“五朔節(jié)”。5What do we know about the May Day in Britain in the Middle Ages?APeople dressed in bright colors.BPeople celebrated it with enthusiasm.CPeople presented flowers to the goddess of spring.DPeople stayed at home instead of going to churches.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容特別是第三、四句可知，在中世紀(jì)，英國人通過舉行各種活動，熱情地慶祝五朔節(jié)，故B項(xiàng)正確。6Why did people wash their faces with dew on May Day?ATo bring good luck. BTo become prettier.CTo get magic power. DTo get young again.