2018屆高考英語一輪復習 Unit 4 Animals學案 重慶大學版必修4

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1、 Unit 4　Animals 一、單詞—— 寫 得 準 用 得 活(用所給詞的適當形式填空) 1.measurevi./vt.　　　　　　 計量；估計；判斷 2.decreasevi. 減少，減小 3.reservevt. 儲備，保留；預約 4.conductvt. 實施，處理 5.delivervi./vt. 運送，分送，傳遞 6.providevt. 提供；準備 7.adoptvi./vt. 收養(yǎng)；采取，采納 8.respectableadj. 高尚的，值得尊敬的 9.responsibilityn. 責任，職責 10.const

2、ant adj.經(jīng)常的，不斷發(fā)生的→constantlyadv.不變地，經(jīng)常地 11.curious adj.好奇的，求知的→curiouslyadv.好奇地→curiosityn．好奇心；求知欲 12.patient adj.耐心的 n．病人→patientlyadv.有耐性地，有毅力地→patiencen．耐心，毅力 13.determine vi./vt.決定，使下定決心→determinedadj.堅決的，果斷的，有決心的→determinationn．決心，果斷；堅定 14.entertain vi./vt.使歡樂，使娛樂；款待→entertainingadj.有趣的，愉快的

3、→entertainmentn．娛樂活動；娛樂；招待，款待 15.amuse vt.給……提供娛樂，消遣；使發(fā)笑→amusingadj.好笑的，有趣的→amusementn．娛樂，消遣，樂趣 16.insurance n．保險；保險費→insurevt.給……保險；確保 1.Watt was always curious about science and he would ask his grandma many questions curiously. It was his curiosity that led him to a great success.(curious) 2.

4、From the determined expression on his face, we knew that he was determined to take up the job, which needed great patience and determination.(determine) 3.He's a good doctor. He always has patience with his patients. He treats them patiently.(patient) 4.The children in the mountain village have no

5、 entertainment,_so their teachers often tell entertaining stories to entertain them after class.(entertain) 5.To insure that you go to the trip relaxed, we recommend that you take out travel insurance on all holidays. (insure) 6.In the amusement park, the monkey's amusing movement made everybody p

6、resent amused.(amuse) ? 1.“保持(存)”詞匯一覽 ①reserve 　　　　保留 ②preserve 保護 ③conserve 保存 ④keep 保持 ⑤hold 持有 ⑥r(nóng)emain 保持 ⑦maintain 維持 2.“頻率”降下來 ①always adv.　　　　　　總是 ②usually adv. 通常 ③constantly＝often adv. 經(jīng)常地 ④sometimes adv. 有時 ⑤seldom＝rarely adv. 偶爾 ⑥never adv. 從不 3.“增加”與“減少”詞匯集錦 ①

7、增加：rise, increase, go up ②減少：decrease, fall, drop, decline, go down 4.de-開頭動詞大觀園 ①depress　　　使沮喪 ②decline 下降，減少 ③delight 使(某人)高興 ④debate 辯論，爭論 ⑤decrease 減少，減小 ⑥determine 決心 ⑦declare 宣布，宣告 ⑧defend 保衛(wèi)，防御 二、短語—— 寫 得 準 用 得 活(選用左欄短語填空) 1.not_only_..._but_(also)_．..　　不但……而且…… 2.be_d

8、etermined_to 決定做…… 3.be_sure_of 確信 4.be_grateful_to 感激…… 5.lead_..._to 通往……；引向…… 6.due_to 由于 7.show_off 炫耀 8.become_interested_in 對……產(chǎn)生興趣 9.used_to (過去)常常做…… 10.get_close_to 接近 11.set_up 建立，建造 12.bring_about 導致，引起 13.treat_..._as 把……當成 14.at_least 至少 15.after_all 畢竟

9、，總歸 1.The girl used_to be shy, but is gradually getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.(2015·湖北高考多選) 2.You shouldn't blame him too much. After_all,_he is just a kid. 3.He is_determined_to get ahead of others in studies, so he works day and night. 4.The findings furth

10、er suggest that stress may bring_about a double effect. 5.I'm making a fool of myself trying to show_off before an expert like you. 6.They have set_up an organization to help homeless children in the city. ? 1.攻克set短語 ①set up　　　　　　　　建造，建立，搭起 ②set aside 把……放在一邊 ③set down 寫下；記下 ④set off 出發(fā)；

11、動身 ⑤set out 出發(fā)；動身 ⑥set about 開始；著手 2.bring短語萬花筒 ①bring about　　　　　　　　導致，引起，帶來 ②bring back 帶回；使想起 ③bring down 降低；使落下 ④bring in 引入；使賺得 ⑤bring up 教育，培養(yǎng) ⑥bring out 使呈現(xiàn) 三、句式—— 背 原 句 明 句 式 學 仿 寫 1.However, unless people build beehives, the only way for them to get honey is to find

12、a wild bees' nest and take the honey from it. 然而，除非人們建造蜂箱，否則他們獲取蜂蜜的唯一途徑就是找到野蜂的巢穴并從中獲取蜂蜜。 unless“如果不，除非”，引導條件狀語從句。 除非你完全投入到你的工作中，否則你永遠也不會取得成功。(2014·湖南高考單選) You will never gain success unless_you_are_fully_devoted_to_your_work. 2.Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, constant

13、ly waiting for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. 一旦它引起了他們的注意，它就飛越樹林，不斷等候好奇的動物或人，一邊領著它們進入巢穴。 once“一旦”，為連詞，引導條件狀語從句。 一旦學會了利用失敗，那么失敗就能為你的生活做出積極的貢獻。 Failure can make a positive contribution to your life once_you_learn_to_make_use_of_it. 3.However, it was a long time before

14、they accepted me and let me get very close to them. 然而，過了很長時間之后它們才接受我，讓我靠近它們。 It was＋一段時間＋before ...“過了多久才……”。 幾年之后我才意識到大衛(wèi)對我撒謊了。 It_was_several_years_before I realized that David had lied to me. 第一板塊核心單詞歸納集釋 1．determine vi./vt.決定，使下定決心 [高考佳句]　As a student in senior high school, the mos

15、t important task is to study hard, which determines our future.(2015·重慶高考寫作) 作為一名高中生，最重要的任務是學習，這決定著我們的未來。 (1)determine ＋從句　　　　　　決定…… determine to do sth. 決定做某事 determine on/upon sth. 就某事做出決定 (2)determined adj. 有決心的，堅定的 be determined to do sth. 決心做某事 ①I have determined on/upon working as a

16、 volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation. 我已決定畢業(yè)后到農(nóng)村支教。 ②Determined (determine) to make a fortune in a big city, he left his village. 他離開了村子，決心在大城市發(fā)財。 [聯(lián)想發(fā)散]　表示“決心要做某事，決定做某事”的其他表達方式還有：decide to do sth., make a decision to do sth., make up one's mind to do sth., be bent on (doing) s

17、th.等。 2．measure vi./vt.計量；估計；判斷n.計量制；計量單位；措施；尺寸 [經(jīng)典例句]　It is difficult to measure the success of the campaign at this stage. 在現(xiàn)階段還難以估量這場運動的成敗。 (1)measure ... by ...　　　　　用……來衡量…… be measured by/in 用……來衡量/計算 (2)take measures/steps/action to do sth. 采取措施做某事 make sth. to sb.'s measure 照某人的尺寸

18、做某物 ①Education shouldn't be measured only by examination results. 教育不應該單純用考試成績來衡量。 ②The number of them is less than 1,000, so I hope you can take_some_effective_measures _to_protect_them.(2013·重慶高考寫作) 它們的數(shù)量不足1 000只，因此我希望你們能采取一些有效措施來保護它們。 ③My mother always makes new clothes to my own measure wi

19、th the Spring Festival coming. 媽媽在春節(jié)來臨時總是為我量身定做新衣服。 [名師指津]　measure表示“(量起來)有……長(寬、高、重)”時為不及物動詞，常用主動形式。 3．entertain vi./vt.使歡樂，使娛樂；款待 [教材原句]　Sometimes they spice up their pets' lives with entertaining videos and amusing toys. 有時他們用有趣的視頻和有趣的玩具來為他們寵物的生活增添情趣。 (1)entertain sb. to sth. 　　用某物招待某人 ent

20、ertain sb. with sth. 用某物使某人快樂 (2)entertaining adj. 有趣的；令人愉快的 (3)entertainment n. 娛樂，文娛節(jié)目；招待，款待 to one's entertainment 使某人高興的是 ①He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes last night. 昨晚他講故事、說笑話，讓我們高興了好幾個小時。 ②To my great entertainment, he promised to entertain us to ice cream. 令

21、我非常高興的是，他答應請我們吃冰淇淋。 [熟詞生義]　讀句子猜含義 ③My cousin gave me a wonderful entertainment when I visited him last week.招待，款待 4．deliver vi./vt.運送，分送，傳遞；生(小孩兒)；接生；發(fā)表(演說等) [高考佳句]　I feel it a great honor to deliver a farewell speech here on behalf of the students of our school.(2016·天津高考書面表達) 我感到很榮幸能在這里代表我們學校

22、的學生發(fā)表告別演講。 (1)deliver sth. (to sb.)　　遞送/傳送某物(給某人) deliver a speech/lecture 發(fā)表演說 deliver a baby 助產(chǎn)；接生 be delivered of a baby 分娩；生孩子 (2)delivery n. 交付；投遞；分娩 ①The headmaster delivered_an_important_speech at the meeting yesterday which left a deep impression on his students. 在昨天的會議上校長發(fā)表了一個重要演

23、說，這給他的學生們留下了深刻印象。 ②Miss White was delivered of a healthy boy yesterday. 昨天，懷特小姐生下一個健康的男孩。 Ⅰ.基礎點全練(單句語法填空) 1．I was embarrassed by his unexpected (expect) question. 2．Troops have been sent to protect aid workers against/from attack. 3．Bitten twice, the postman refused to_deliver (deliver) our

24、letters unless we chained our dog. 4．He entertained his friends to dinner in return for their help. 5．Some villagers reported a huge snake, measuring (measure) over two metres long, was found dead in a nearby cave. 6．Miss Gao is very patient with young children, so she is fit for the job. 7．Peop

25、le have always been curious about exactly how life on earth began. 8．She treated her adopted (adopt) son as if he were her own child. Ⅱ.重難點多練 determine點點練 (1)單句語法填空 ①We are determined to_get (get) the work done before Friday. ②She is such a determined girl that she will achieve her goal with d

26、etermination once she has made up her mind.(determine) (2)一句多譯 上學期，我期中考試得的分數(shù)低，我決心相信自己，并且設法改變。 ③Last term, after getting a low score in the middle exam, I determined_to believe in myself, and tried to change. ④Last term, after getting a low score in the middle exam, I decided_to believe in myself

27、, and tried to change. ⑤Last term, after getting a low score in the middle exam, I was_determined_to believe in myself, and tried to change. ⑥Last term, after getting a low score in the middle exam, I made_up_my_mind_to believe in myself, and tried to change. Ⅲ.閱讀詞匯專練 根據(jù)語境選出deliver的詞性和詞義 1．Li

28、n Qiaozhi often delivered babies for poor families who could not pay her.__C__ 2．Some new books have been delivered to our school.__A__ 3．An astronaut delivered a speech in our school last week.__B__ 第二板塊短語句型歸納集釋 1．not only ... (but) also ...不但……而且…… [教材原句]　Honey is not only a good source of

29、natural sugar; it is also delicious. 蜂蜜不僅是一種很好的天然糖源，而且也很美味。 (1)連接兩個并列成分時，著重強調后者，其意為“不僅……而且……”；其中的but有時可以省略。 ①As a native speaker, I not_only can speak Mandarin fluently, but_also know how to work on it to make great progress.(2015·四川高考滿分作文) 作為一個說本族語的人，我不僅能說流利的普通話，而且知道如何努力取得很大的進步。 (2)連接兩個句子時，且no

30、t only位于句首時，其所在的句子要用部分倒裝。 ②Not only can_they_offer us joy and excitement, but also they can encourage us to think critically.(2014·浙江高考書面表達) 它們不僅能給我們帶來快樂和興奮，而且還能鼓勵我們進行批判性的思考。 (3)連接并列主語時，其謂語通常與臨近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。 ③Not only the students (but) also their teacher likes (like) playing football. 不僅是學生們，

31、他們的老師也喜歡踢足球。 2．lead ... to 通往……；引向…… [教材原句]　... the next time the bird cries to them through the forest it will lead them to a snake or a leopard in revenge. 當下一次鳥兒在森林里朝他們叫喊的時候，它會把他們引向一條蛇或一只豹來復仇。 lead to　　　　　　　　　　導致，促使(to為介詞) lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 lead/live a ... life 過……樣的生活 ①I want t

32、o know what it was that led you to_take (take) up acting as a career. 我想知道是什么讓你開始從事演藝事業(yè)的。 ②The discovery of new evidence led to the thief's being_caught (catch)． 新證據(jù)的發(fā)現(xiàn)使得小偷被抓住了。 [名師指津]　lead to“導致，促使”中to是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或v.-ing形式。 3．However, unless people build beehives, the only way for them to get h

33、oney is to find a wild bees' nest and take the honey from it. 然而，除非人們建造蜂箱，否則他們獲取蜂蜜的唯一途徑就是找到野蜂的巢穴并從中獲取蜂蜜。 unless意為“除非……，如果不……，除了……”，多用于引導一個否定意義的真實條件句。unless引導條件句時，主要用于下列情況： (1)主句為肯定句 ①Unless bad weather stops me, I run every day. 除非天氣作梗，每天我都跑步。 (2)主句為否定句 ②You will_never_get anywhere unless yo

34、u have set your goal. 如果你不設定目標，你哪兒也去不了。 應注意的一些問題： (1)unless能與if ... not換用的情況：unless在意義上相當于if ... not，因此在有些場合中unless與if ... not可互換使用。 ③Unless_I_am_mistaken,_I've seen that man before. →If I am not mistaken, I've seen that man before. 如果我沒搞錯，我以前見過那個人。 (2)unless從句中成分的省略：unless從句的主語與主句的主語相同時，unl

35、ess從句中的主語和謂語(或一部分)有時可省略。 ④Unless_(he_is)_in_uniform,_he doesn't look like a policeman. 如果不穿上制服，他看起來就不像警察。 (3)unless從句的時態(tài)：主句是一般將來時態(tài)、祈使句或謂語中含有情態(tài)動詞或主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，unless引導的真實條件句用一般現(xiàn)在時；如果強調從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前，從句可用現(xiàn)在完成時。但主句是過去將來時或過去時時，unless引導的真實條件句常用一般過去時。 ⑤Don't touch the instruments unless the teacher allows

36、(allow) you. 沒有老師的允許，不要亂動儀器。 ⑥The disease prevented (prevent) him from remembering things unless he was reminded by others. 這種病使他記不住事，只能靠別人提醒。 Ⅰ.基礎點全練 1．單句語法填空 ①Peter was keen to show off his new car the moment he saw his friends. ②The little boy felt grateful to the coach for his letting h

37、im join in the game. ③The harmful materials become harmless to the environment after being_conducted (conduct)． ④Unless asked (ask) to answer questions, the pupils won't talk in Mrs Smith's class. ⑤It will be two hours before I can afford time to pick up my son. ⑥He used to_take (take) part in v

38、arious activities to broaden his horizons. ⑦The two sides agreed to set up a committee to investigate the case. ⑧The great damage which the earthquake brought about made many people homeless or lose their lives. 2．運用所學短語完成片段 Li Gang was from Sichuan. He ①used_to (過去常常)help his parents do farm w

39、ork. The great damage which the earthquake ②brought_about (導致) made him lose his family. In order to make a living, the brave young fellow ③was_determined_to (決定……) go to Qingdao. There, he met a pretty and kind American girl named Mary who ④set_up (建立) a small company. Soon he was ⑤treated_as (被當成)

40、 her best friend and was offered a job. Li Gang ⑥was_very_grateful_to (對……非常感激) her for her help and worked very hard. ⑦Due_to (由于) his excellent performance, Mary gradually ⑧got_close_to (接近) him and fell in love with him. Now they've got married and they're living a happy life. Ⅱ.重難點多練 1．lead相關短

41、語個個清 (1)補全句子 ①As we all know, success lies in hard work while laziness leads_to_failure (導致失敗)． ②If the operation succeeds, Tom will be able to lead/live_a_normal_life (過上正常的生活)． ③The guide led_the_visitors_to (把游客們帶到) a shop of souvenirs. (2)一句多譯 現(xiàn)代科學已給出了明顯的證據(jù)，吸煙會導致許多疾病。 ④Modern_science_has_

42、given_clear_evidence_that_smoking_can_cause_many_diseases.(cause) ⑤Modern_science_has_given_clear_evidence_that_smoking_can_lead_to_many_diseases.(lead to) ⑥Modern_science_has_given_clear_evidence_that_smoking_can_bring_about_many_diseases.(bring about) ⑦Modern_science_has_given_clear_evidence_th

43、at_smoking_can_result_in_many_diseases.(result in) 2．not only ... (but) also ... 面面觀 (1)單句語法填空 ①The world is not only hungry, but also thirsty for water. ②Not only I but also Tom and Mary are (be) fond of watching television. ③Not only can travel give people relaxation and pleasure, but it can

44、increase their knowledge. (2)一句多譯 它(龍舟訓練營)不僅給像我們這樣的青少年提供了一個享受非常令人興奮的體育運動的機會，而且還為我們提供了一段美好的時光來更多地了解中國傳統(tǒng)文化。(2015·北京高考書面表達) ④It not only offers teenagers like us a chance to enjoy a very exciting sport, but_it_also_provides_us with a good time to know more about the Chinese traditional culture. (pro

45、vide) ⑤Not_only_does_it_offer teenagers like us a chance to enjoy a very exciting sport, but it also provides us with a good time to know more about the Chinese traditional culture.(倒裝結構) Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．You'd better write down her phone number before you forget it.(2014·重慶高考單選) 2．You won't succe

46、ed unless you work hard and seize chances. 3．He is afraid to_climb (climb) the tree because he is afraid of falling down. 4．In our school the number of students who are addicted to computer games is on the decrease. 5．The old professor likes to be sure of his bodily comforts. 6．Steve was intense

47、ly curious about the country I came from. 7．It was such a frightening snake that no one dared get close to it. 8．A training session should be an occasion where the whole team works together. 9．His amusing (amuse) performance caused a roar of laughter in the audience. 10．However, in many cases, y

48、ou will then find that the program does not run. Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．That was not long before he became used to the life there.That→It 2．Determining to give up smoking, he threw away his remaining cigarettes.Determining→Determined 3．She said that her son was measured 1.2 meters tall.去掉was 4．He stood on th

49、e sidewalk with his hands burying in the pockets of his dark overcoat.burying→buried 5．The passer-by was grateful for us for our timely help.第一個for→to_ 6．The old doctor looked on the orphan as his adopting son.adopting→adopted Ⅲ.用本單元所學知識完成寫作訓練 (一)依據(jù)提示補全短文 As an English Contest first prize winne

50、r, I F1am_grateful_to (對……感激) my English teacher for his help. It was his encouragement that made me F2become_interested_in (對……產(chǎn)生興趣) English. From then on, I decided to study hard to improve my English. I F3used_to (過去常常) study English F4at_least (至少) two hours every day. My English listening impr

51、oved greatly F5due_to (由于) my practice in the English Corner. ①It can not only help us learn English from each other, but also it's of significance for us to enrich our English knowledge. As to keeping an English diary every day, I think it is a good habit I've had, for it helps accumulate more word

52、s and sentence patterns for later study.I often turn to the website EnjoyReading, which offers me a great number of articles about some funny western culture. All in all, I am_sure_of (確信) my English listening. I'll practice it continuously. (二)按要求將詞匯句式升級 1．用本單元高級詞匯替換加黑部分 (1)decided→determined

53、 (2)offers→provides (3)funny→amusing/entertaining (4)continuously→constantly 2．用倒裝句型改寫句① Not_only_can_it_help_us_learn_English_from_each_other,_but_also_it's_of_significance_for_us_to_enrich_our_English_knowledge. [課下練熟高考] 閱讀理解提速練——練速度 (限時：20分鐘) A A popular TV host has reportedly invested a

54、bout US $740,000 in a project to research, preserve and promote the Hunan provincial dialect (方言)．Chinese TV presenters are required to speak Mandarin, or Putonghua, as part of their work, but should dialects be allowed on air? Bcnu (China): TV and radio stations have the right to decide whether di

55、alects or Mandarin will be used in their programs.The popularity of some dialects in some areas will not challenge the leading role of Mandarin in the whole country. Rick N (US): TV and radio broadcasters should take the lead in popularizing Mandarin.To require hosts to speak standard Mandarin is n

56、ot to oppress (壓制) dialects, but it only aims to restrict irresponsible use of language.I think it is unprofessional for some hosts particularly to imitate the pronunciation of dialects. Cooper (UK): Dialects are an important part of local culture and now many kids even don't know how to speak thei

57、r dialects because of the main use of Mandarin around them.It would be a pity if future generations were unable to understand the local dialects.It would be a terrible break in cultural traditions. Steve (France): To attract viewers or make more money, some hosts casually use dialects.Demanding TV

58、and radio programs use Mandarin is a move to limit strange and irresponsible use of language, whether it is Mandarin or other dialects.In this way, the decision is also a form of protection for dialects.Hearing standard Mandarin on TV and radio programs is also a basic right of audiences around the

59、country. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇應用文。作者主要就“方言是否應該出現(xiàn)在播放的節(jié)目中”這一話題給出了來自不同國家的人的觀點。 1．Why does the author mention a popular TV host? A．To make clear the author's viewpoint. B．To introduce the topic to be discussed. C．To set an example for people to follow. D．To show dialects are likely to disappear. 解析：選B　推理判斷題

60、。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文作者圍繞“方言是否應該出現(xiàn)在播放的節(jié)目中”這一話題給出了來自不同國家的人的觀點，由此可推知，作者提及一個受歡迎的主持人是為了引出本文要討論的話題。故選B。 2．What affects dialects negatively according to Steve? A．Mass media's using dialects casually. B．Improper pronunciation of dialects. C．Restrictions on speaking dialects publicly. D．Children's losing intere

61、st in dialects. 解析：選A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句中的“some hosts casually use dialects”以及“a move to limit strange and irresponsible use ... form of protection for dialects”可知，Steve認為大眾媒體對方言的隨意使用對方言有消極的影響。故選A。 3．Who favor dialects on air? A．Bcnu and Steve.　　　 　B．Bcnu and Cooper. C．Rick N and Steve. D．Rick

62、N and Cooper. 解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“TV and radio stations have ... in their programs.”和第四段中的“Dialects are an important part of ... unable to understand the local dialects.”可知，來自中國的Bcnu和來自英國的Cooper是贊同在播放的節(jié)目中使用方言的，故選B。 B (2017·石家莊高三教學質檢二)According to a new study, a zebra's stripes (條紋) most likely he

63、lp to keep annoying, biting flies off them.Scientists have thought that might be the reason.However, they also have other theories: that the stripes provide camouflage (偽裝) to help them hide from enemies; to confuse their enemies; to help them stay cool; or for a social reason such as to attract a m

64、ate. About two years ago, scientists tested the “biting flies” theory using horse models covered in a sticky substance.Horseflies tended not to land on the fake horses that had stripes painted on them. The researchers felt that the stripes confused the flies'“navigational system (導航系統(tǒng))” — the flie

65、s' ability to steer and land.In order to be more certain, and to answer the question of why all horse-type animals don't have stripes, a team of researchers at the University of California looked up a lot of information on zebras from many sources.They also studied information about similar types of

66、 animals including horses, to see where the stripes were and what the stripes looked like.They mapped where zebras lived. Then they looked up information about where biting flies and zebra-enemies (like hyenas 鬣狗) lived.They have discovered that zebras tend to live in the same areas where biting flies are present, which has supported their theory. Now that the researchers are pretty certain the stripes help zebras discourage flies, they want to do more research with that theory in mind.They wi