2018屆高考英語一輪復習 Unit 4 Helpful Schoolmates學案 重慶大學版必修1

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1、 Unit 4　Helpful Schoolmates 一、單詞—— 寫 得 準 用 得 活(用所給詞的適當形式填空) 1.destroyvt.　　　　　　　破壞；毀掉 2.intendvt. 打算 3.reducevt. 減少；縮減 4.consistvi. 組成 5.insistvi. 堅持；極力要求 6.accompany vt.陪伴；伴隨→companyn．陪伴；伴隨→companionn．伙伴；伴侶；同伴 7.breath n．呼吸；氣息→breathevi.呼吸；呼氣 8.operate vi.動手術；操作→operationn．手術

2、→operatorn．操作人員 9.relieved adj.寬慰的；放心的→reliefn．減輕；解除→relievevt.減輕；解除 10.courage n．勇氣；膽量→encouragementn．鼓勵→encouragev．鼓勵 11.prepared adj.有準備的→preparev．準備→preparationn. 準備，預備 12.fortunately adv.幸運地→fortunateadj.幸運的→fortunen．運氣；命運 13.manage vt.管理→managementn．管理 14.accept vt.接受→acceptableadj.可接受的

3、 15.treatment n．治療→treatv．治療；對待；款待 16.silence n．沉默；寂靜→silentadj.沉默的；寂靜的 17.serious adj.嚴重的；有危險的→seriouslyadv.嚴重地；認真地 18.strict adj.嚴格的→strictlyadv.嚴格地 1.To our relief,_great efforts were made to relieve famine (饑荒) in Africa, which brought relief of poverty there.(relief) 2.The dog is a good co

4、mpanion and it keeps the little girl company all the time, and even accompanies her to school.(accompany) 3.Her father is an expert operator. Only he can operate the new machine in the factory. (operate) 4.My teacher often encourages me to study hard. His encouragement drives me to make much prog

5、ress. (courage) 5.People had to treat themselves in their own way before they received the treatment sent by the government.(treat) 6.It was fortunate of them to make a fortune trading with foreigners. And more fortunately for them, they were supported by the government.(fortunate) 7.All the ath

6、letes have been preparing for the Olympics for a long time. I think they must have got well prepared for it. (prepare) ? 1.由reduce想到的 ①shrink　　　收縮；縮小 ②enlarge 擴大；放大 ③expand 擴大；膨脹 ④decrease 減少；下降 ⑤increase 增長 ⑥accumulate 積累 2.含“-sist”單詞集合 ①consist vi.　　組成 ②insist v. 堅持 ③resist v.

7、 抵抗 ④assist v. 協(xié)助 ⑤consistent adj. 始終如一的 3.后綴-tion名詞一覽 ①preparation　　準備 ②protection 保護 ③pollution 污染 ④invention 發(fā)明 ⑤operation 手術 ⑥congratulation 祝賀 4.后綴-ment名詞薈萃 ①treatment 　 　治療 ②development 發(fā)展 ③encouragement 鼓勵 ④agreement 同意，協(xié)議 ⑤achievement 成就 ⑥judgement 判斷 二、短語——

8、 寫 得 準 用 得 活(選用左欄短語填空) 1.go_against_sb./sth.　　　　　違反……；反對…… 2.keep_one's_eyes_on_sb./sth. 密切注視…… 3.search_for_sb./sth. 搜尋…… 4.so_far 到目前為止 5.cheer_up 高興起來 6.in_no_time 很快；立即，立刻 7.go_through_sth. 經(jīng)歷；完成 8.set_up 建造 9.in_time 及時；遲早 10.instead_of 代替；作為……的替換 11.insist_on_sth. 堅持；堅決

9、要求/主張 12.consist_of_sth. 由……組成；由……構成 13.if_only_... 但愿…… 14.even_if 即使；縱然 15.because_of 因為；由于 1.The radio consisting_of five tubes can receive various signals. 2.If people choose to ride bicycles instead_of driving cars, our life will become better. 3.So_far we haven't been able to find a

10、nything, but we're still researching. 4.I wanted to walk to the station, but he insisted_on driving me there. 5.Cheer_up! Everyone may have periods in their lives when everything seems tough. 6.They set_up purifying systems in places where the water was not potable (可飲用的)． 7.Children tend to re

11、act against their parents by going_against their wish. ? 1.go短語大全 ①go against　 　違反；反對 ②go through 仔細查看；瀏覽，翻閱；通過 ③go down 下降；倒下 ④go ahead 向前；干吧 ⑤go up 上漲 ⑥go over 走過去，復習 2.聚焦time短語 ①in no time　　立刻，馬上 ②in time 及時；遲早 ③on time 按時 ④all the time 始終，一直 ⑤at times 有時候 ⑥at one tim

12、e 曾經(jīng)，一度 ⑦at a time 一次 3.“組成，由……組成”短語歸納 ①consist of　　　由……組成 ②be made up of 由……組成 ③be composed of 由……組成 ④make up 組成，構成 三、句式—— 背 原 句 明 句 式 學 仿 寫 1.So I guarded my paper so that he couldn't see my answers. 因此，我護著我的試卷，為了使他不能看到我的答案。 so that“目的是，為了”，引導目的狀語從句。 我們可以提前出發(fā)，這樣我們會有更多的時間來閱讀和選

13、擇書籍。(2016·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達) We can set out early so_that_we'll_have_more_time_to_read_and_select_books. 2.I was sleeping soundly last night when I was awakened by someone's groans. 昨夜，正當我熟睡時，我被某個人的呻吟聲吵醒了。 be doing ... when ...“正在做……這時……”。 我正在看電視上的美國職業(yè)籃球賽，就在那時停電了。 I was_watching NBA on TV when electri

14、city went off. 3.If only daytime would come soon, everything would become easier. 要是能馬上天亮就好了，那樣所有的事情都要好辦些。 if only“但愿”，其后的句子要用虛擬語氣。 我對即將到來的考試非常擔心。如果我有時間復習該有多好啊。 I worry about the coming exams very much. If only I could_have_time to review my lessons. 第一板塊核心單詞歸納集釋 1. intend vt.打

15、算；計劃 [高考佳句]　I intend to join a Dragon Boat Training Camp. I wonder if you'd like to go with me.(2015·北京高考滿分作文) 我打算參加龍舟訓練營，我想知道你是否愿意和我一起參加。 (1)intend doing/to do sth.　　　　打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth. 打算讓某人做某事 had intended to do sth./intended to have done sth. 本來打算做某事 intend that ... (should)

16、do sth. 打算……；主張…… (2)be intended to do sth./for sth. 專門為……；專門 給…… ①They had_intended (intend) to go into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams. 他們本來打算那天到鄉(xiāng)下去，但聽說交通擁擠就推遲了。 ②When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure that the aid reaches the peo

17、ple for whom it is intended. 當給予國際援助時，必須采取措施保證援助能夠到達原計劃的目標人群。 ③I intended going/to_go to the park, but my son intended that I (should)_go with him to see a film.(go) 我打算去公園，但我兒子打算讓我陪他去看場電影。 2．a(chǎn)ccompany vt.陪伴；伴隨；伴奏；附有；配有 [高考佳句]　Children, when accompanied by their parents, are allowed to enter t

18、he stadium.(2014·湖南高考單選) 有家長陪伴時，孩子們才被允許進入體育館。 (1)accompany sb.＝keep pany 　　　　　　　　　　　陪伴某人 accompany sb.to ... 陪伴/陪同某人到…… (2)accompany sb.at/on sth. 用某物為某人伴奏 be accompanied by 由……伴奏/伴隨 ①We did a lot for the elderly at the nursing home, cleaning their rooms, washing clothes for them and accom

19、panying (accompany) them, which made them very happy.(2015·全國卷Ⅱ滿分作文) 在敬老院我們?yōu)槔先俗隽嗽S多事情，打掃房間、洗衣服、陪伴他們，這使他們非常高興。 ②If she sang, he would accompany her on/at the piano. 如果她唱歌的話，他就會用鋼琴為她伴奏。 ③Jane was willing to accompany you to the park to go for a walk. 珍愿意陪你去公園散步。 [名師指津]　一般不使用accompany sb. to do st

20、h.表示“陪伴某人做某事”。 3．insist vt./vi.堅持；堅持認為；極力要求 [教材原句]　In the climbing class he beat all the others to the top of the tree, but insisted on using his own way to get there. 在攀登課上他打敗了所有其他的人到達了樹頂，但他堅持用自己的方式到達那里。 insist on/upon doing sth.　　堅持做某事 insist that ... 堅持(認為)/極力要求…… ①On the contrary, the vol

21、unteers insist that they have_got (get) tired of the life on the earth.(2013·廣東高考寫作) 相反，志愿者們堅持說他們已經(jīng)厭倦了地球上的生活。 ②He also insisted that they (should)_leave (leave) enough space for children. 他還堅持要求，他們應給孩子足夠的空間。 [名師指津]　insist意為“極力要求”時，賓語從句用虛擬語氣“(should＋)do”；意為“堅持認為”時，賓語從句用陳述語氣。 Ⅰ.基礎點全練(單句語法填空/補全句

22、子) 1．She insisted that she was not young and that she (should)_be_sent (send) to do that work. 2．Fortunately (fortunate), the fire was discovered soon after it had started. 3．Only one man tried to help us, the rest just looked on in silence (silent). 4．We can't accept your offer unless the pri

23、ce is reduced by 5%. 5．How on earth do they manage to_rob (rob) the bank? 6．It is my belief that we will find a cure for cancer in the next ten years. 7．They had to warn her that she must be/get_prepared_for (為……做準備) the worst. 8．The doctors decided to operate_on_the_patient (為病人做手術) at once.

24、 Ⅱ.重難點多練 1．intend多角度 (1)用所給詞的適當形式填空 ①He has made up his mind to intend his son to_manage (manage) the company. ②I intended to have_called (call) you, but I was too busy to do so. ③I had intended to_call (call) you, but I was too busy to do so. ④The local government has already collected three

25、million dollars, intended (intend) for the environment improvement. (2)根據(jù)漢語提示完成片段 越來越多的人打算在這兒投資，因此他想讓她去那里做些調查，但是她主張他應該親自做這項工作。 More and more people ⑤intend_to_invest/investing here, so he ⑥intended_her_to_carry_out/do some research there but she intended that he ⑦(should)_do_the_task himself. 2．

26、accompany點點練 (1)一句多譯 我鄰居在我父母外出時過來陪我。 ①My neighbour came to accompany_me while my parents were out. ②My neighbour came to keep_me_company while my parents were out. (2)根據(jù)漢語提示完成片段 如果沒有同伴，14歲以下兒童必須有成人陪伴。如果您想了解更多的信息，請查閱所附的小冊子以供參考。 If they have no ③companion,_children under 14 must ④be_accompanied

27、_by an adult. If you want to learn about more information, please consult the ⑤accompanying booklet for reference. Ⅲ.閱讀詞匯專練 根據(jù)語境選出動詞operate的詞義 (A)運轉　　　　(B)動手術　　　　(C)起作用 (D)操作 (E)經(jīng)營 1．The medicine will operate in ten minutes.__C__ 2．People were trapped between floors because the lift didn't op

28、erate properly.__A__ 3．It's serious; we have to operate on his eyes at once. __B__ 4．For most people, it's almost impossible to operate a computer without a mouse.__D__ 5．They operate three factories and a huge warehouse (倉庫)．__E__ 第二板塊短語句型歸納集釋 1．set up建造；設立；成立 [高考佳句]　To get this problem solve

29、d, I'd like to set up a rule that the whole class work in groups to give lessons once in a while.(2015·廣東高考寫作) 為了解決這個問題，我想設立一個規(guī)則：全班同學偶爾分組上課。 set about (doing) sth.開始做某事；著手做某事 set aside 把……放在一邊；省出；留出；擱置 set off 出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸 set out (to do sth.) 出發(fā)；動身；開始/著手(做某事) ①People set about setting (set)up

30、 their new homes with the help of the government. →People set out to_set (set)up their new homes with the help of the government. 在政府的幫助下，人們著手創(chuàng)建他們的新家園。 ②Both sides agreed to set aside the question of independence. 雙方同意把獨立的問題擱置不提。 2．consist of由……組成；由……構成 [高考佳句]　Listening is thus an active, not

31、a passive, behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.(2015·浙江高考單選) 因此，聆聽是一種積極主動的，而非消極被動的行為，它包括聽、理解和記憶。 　　　　由……組成/構成 (2)consist in＝lie in 存在于；在于 (3)consistent adj. 相容的；一致的 be consistent with 和……一致/相符 ①Life mainly consists_of happiness and sorrows while happiness and sorro

32、ws consist_in struggle. 生活主要由幸福和悲傷構成，而幸福和悲傷寓于奮斗之中。 ②The medical team made up of (＝consisting/composed_of) five experienced doctors and ten skilled nurses will be sent to the earthquake-hit areas. 由五名有經(jīng)驗的醫(yī)生和十名熟練的護士組成的醫(yī)療隊將被派往地震災區(qū)。 [名師指津]　consist of一般不用于進行時，也不用于被動語態(tài)；其非謂語動詞應用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。 3．I was_sleepin

33、g soundly last night when I was awakened by someone's groans. 昨夜，正當我熟睡時，我被某個人的呻吟聲吵醒了。 be doing ... when ...“正在做……這時突然……”，when為并列連詞，表示“這時；突然”，相當于and at this/that time。 ①Jack was_working_in_the_lab_when the power cut occurred.(2016·北京高考單選) 杰克正在實驗室工作的時候突然停電了。 be about to do ...when ...　正要做……這時(突然)

34、…… be on the point of doing ...when ... 正要做……這時(突然)…… had just done ...when ... 剛做完……這時(突然)…… ②I was about to give up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.(2014·福建高考書面表達) →I was_on_the_point_of_giving_up_when my best friend encouraged me to go on. 我正要放棄這時我最好的朋友鼓勵我繼續(xù)下去。 ③They had_just

35、_covered three miles when they realized they had left their IDs at home. 他們剛走了三英里，突然意識到他們的身份證忘在家里了。 Ⅰ.基礎點全練 1．單句語法填空/補全句子 ①Our country is like a big family, consisting (consist) of fifty-six nations. ②The man insisted on being_paid (pay) some money for his excellent work. ③He was lying in be

36、d when something like a smoke alarm struck his ears. ④Look at the trouble we're in. If only we had_taken (take) our teacher's advice. ⑤They carved the words on the stone so that their future generation might remember what they had done. ⑥Don't do anything that should go_against (違背) his will. ⑦N

37、ot until he went_through_real_hardship (經(jīng)歷過真正的困難) did he realize the love we have for our families is important. ⑧Taking exercise every day makes him look younger instead_of (而不是) older. 2．運用所學短語完成片段 ①Because_of (因為；由于) our carelessness some cases happened in recent days, from which we concluded

38、that we should close the window and lock the door ②in_time (及時). Apart from these, we ③set_up (成立) a group which ④consists_of (由……組成) some strong men to guard our community at night. We also put forward several suggestions, which really made sense to cure us of our bad habits. ⑤In_no_time (很快) did o

39、ur community become safe. Ⅱ.重難點多練 set相關短語一站清 (1)介、副詞填空 ①He set about reading a novel right after taking a walk. →He set out to read a novel right after taking a walk. ②The terrorist set off the bomb, which caused 25 deaths. ③They agreed to set aside their differences and work together for pea

40、ce. ④The school has set up a special class to help those poor learners. (2)根據(jù)漢語提示完成片段 Last year, Tom ⑤set_about_writing/set_out_to_write (著手寫) a novel, in which a man decided to ⑥set_aside (儲存) some money for his son, and he ⑦set_off (動身) for London to earn money. Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．Peter int

41、ended to have_taken (take) a job in business, but abandoned the plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2016. 2．Protective clothing must be worn when the machine is in operation. 3．It was extremely (extreme) dark in the passage so he struck a match. 4．—Hi, Jim! You're back. How's your

42、vacation in Xiamen? —Oh, great.If only I could visit it again. 5．Having been warned of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend accompanying (accompany) her. 6．The doctor insisted that he was (be) seriously ill and that he (should)_be_operated (operate) on immediately. 7．

43、I have a few dramatic experiences I want to share with you. 8．She was thinking of her friend on the way to school when Tom called her. 9．As the road to the airport is under reconstruction, we'd better set off/out early to avoid the traffic jam. 10．The beauty of Venice consists largely in the styl

44、e of its ancient buildings. Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．A very nervous man, accompanying by his nagging wife, was examined by a doctor.accompanying→accompanied 2．Yu Fang insisted that she was tired and was willing to stay the night but I insisted that she went at once.went→go 3．I was about to leave the room while

45、 the telephone rang. while→when 4．I had intended to have caught the early train, but I didn't get up in time.去掉had 5．I do hope she can cheer on and accept the challenge of life bravely！on→up 6．Though the price of the house has been reduced to 10%, we can't afford it either.to→by Ⅲ.用本單元所學知識完成寫作

46、訓練 (一)依據(jù)提示補全短文 ①Once my deskmate often disobeyed school rules, and this had bad effects on our class. But our teacher kept_his/her_eyes_on (注意) him, gave him encouragement, and held_the_belief (相信) that he would become a good student. Besides (Besides/Otherwise/But), our teacher helped him to l

47、ook for a way to get rid of bad habits. Much_to_the_relief (非常寬慰) of our teacher, he has completely changed so_far (到目前為止). ②He can finish all kinds of homework in time in order to pass the coming final exam. He often stays_after_school (放學后留下) and stays up all night studying. If_only (但愿) he

48、could get good grades! (二)按要求將詞匯句式升級 1．用本單元高級詞匯替換加黑部分 (1)disobeyed→went_against (2)look for→search_for 2．按要求改寫句式 (1)用which引導非限制性定語從句改寫句① Once_my_deskmate_often_disobeyed_school_rules,_which_had_bad_effects_on_our_class. (2)用so that引導目的狀語從句改寫句② He_can_finish_all_kinds_of_homework_in_time_so

49、_that_he_can_pass_the_coming_final_exam. [課下練熟高考] 閱讀理解提速練——練速度 (限時：20分鐘) A (2017·重慶六校聯(lián)考) We are only a week into our Summer Pix 16 competition and we have already had hundreds of entries.Keep the entries coming in: the contest runs for three more weeks.So seize the moment and join us now! How

50、to enter We want your best photographs of the summer.Send high-resolution (高分辨率的) pictures to summerpix16@ to be in with a chance of winning our prize, a Canon EOS 100D Digital SLR Camera at a recommended retail price of 549. Each Friday, we'll display the best photos sent in that week, and at the

51、 end of August we'll print the winning photograph.The photos can be taken with any kind of camera or phone.We regret we cannot respond to each entry, but we will be in touch with you if your photograph is going to be published. Terms & conditions ●The photos must be taken this summer. ●5 photogra

52、phs may be submitted by any individual person at most. ●Employees or agents of TheIrishTimes and their families or other persons connected with the organizer are not suitable to enter. ●All entries without a valid email address are disqualified. ●By submitting your photograph, you grant (授予) TheI

53、rishTimes a license to use your photograph for the purpose of promoting the competition within the newspaper and online in printed and electronic formats.TheIrishTimes may also use the photograph for the promotion of any other photographic competition with TheIrishTimes both in print and online. ●T

54、heIrishTimes reserves the right of final interpretation of Terms & conditions. 1．How long does the contest last in all? A．Only a week.　　　　　 　B．Two weeks. C．Three weeks. D．Four weeks. 解析：選D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“We are only a week into our Summer Pix 16 competition”和第二句可知，攝影比賽已開始一周，且參賽者仍然可以投送參賽作

55、品，因為比賽還要再持續(xù)三周。故此次攝影比賽總共持續(xù)四周。 2．What will a winner of the competition enjoy? A.549. B．The latest digital camera. C．His photo being printed. D．A job offer from the newspaper. 解析：選C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句中的“we'll print the winning photograph”可知，獲獎者的照片會被刊登出來。 3．Which may meet Terms & conditions? A．Anyon

56、e has access to the competition. B．You can send pictures taken at any time. C．Entries without email addresses are invalid. D．Over 5 photos can be submitted by groups. 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)Terms & conditions部分中的“All entries without a valid email address are disqualified.”可知，所有的參賽作品都要包含一個有效的電子郵箱，否則會被取消資格

57、，即沒有電子郵箱的參賽作品就是無效的。故選C。 4．What can TheIrishTimes use participants' photos to do? A．Promote itself as a better newspaper. B．Advertise other photographic competitions. C．Display all of the photos each Friday. D．Apply for literary property for participants. 解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Terms & conditions部分中的“By

58、 submitting your photograph, you grant (授予) TheIrishTimes ... both in print and online.”可知，參賽者把照片提交給TheIrishTimes后，TheIrishTimes將有權使用參賽者的照片宣傳這項比賽，也可能用其為它的其他攝影比賽作宣傳，故B項正確。 B (2017·重慶主城八區(qū)調研)Your kids learn a lot from their friends — things you can't teach them, no matter how much you want to. Proba

59、bly the most important thing kids learn is how to have peer relationships. As a parent, you can't do this, because you and your child aren't equals. For example, when you're sitting on your family room floor and your very young child asks you to pass him the blocks, you probably hand them right ove

60、r. If your child is sitting with a peer and asks the same thing, though, he might not get what he wants. To succeed, your child will need to learn strategies for getting what he wants. For example, he might simply yank (猛拉) the toy out of his friend's hand. If he does that, he may learn that it's n

61、ot the best way of getting what he wants because it leads to fighting and time-outs. The successful child will learn that he needs to negotiate a trade, to wait patiently, or to find something else equally fun to play with. Friends also provide emotional support, something that is part of the found

62、ation of healthy adulthood. You can't be with your child on the elementary school playground or at the high school dance. Your child's friends will be the ones to stick_up_for her, to include her in games, and later, to tell her she looks great even if her lousy prom (糟糕的舞會) date wanders off instead

63、 of dancing with her. Friends also help your children learn. Friends solve problems together, imitate each other, and pass on knowledge. Some experts believe that the single biggest predictor of your child's success later in life is her ability to make friends. In fact, they claim it's even more i

64、mportant than IQ and grades. This doesn't mean that the kids who are most popular in school do the best later on in life. What matters is not the number of friends a child has but rather the quality of the relationships. This is good news for those of us who hate to think that popularity really is

65、 the Holy Grail of childhood and adolescence. While it's true that popularity has many advantages, and that many popular kids really are nice people — and not just the best dressed or best looking — it's better to have a few good friends than to have the admiration of the masses. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。孩子們會

66、從和朋友的相處中學到許多大人怎么想教都教不會的事，所以真正的好朋友對一個人的成長至關重要。 5．By giving the example in Paragraph 3, the author wants to show that ________. A．kids can learn how to deal with the relationships when they stay with their peers B．parents should spend more spare time playing with their kids C．kids should learn how to be polite when they ask their parents for help D．parents can teach their kids how to be good members in the modern society in their daily life 解析：選A　推理判斷題。一般而言，在議論文中，舉例都是為了證明