2020高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)同步攻關(guān) unit 1 Friendship學(xué)案 必修1

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1、Unit 1 Friendship 導(dǎo)讀：Friendships are good for your health. During hardships, they are a source of comfort and strength. Spare no effort to learn how to find true friendships and how to be a good friend. 友誼有利于人們的健康。在艱難中，她們是人們舒展身心，增添力量的源泉。要不遺余力地學(xué)會如何尋找真正的友誼，也要學(xué)會怎樣尋找自己的知己。 你真正了解友誼和健康的關(guān)系嗎？ While ther

2、e is an impressive body of research linking friendship and health status, the precise reasons for this connection are still far from clear. Most of the studies are large prospective studies (that follow people over a period of time) and while there may be a correlation between the two variables (fri

3、endship and health status), researchers still don't know if there is a cause－and－effect relationship, e. g. that good friendships actually improve health. There are a number of theories that attempt to explain the link, including that: 1) Good friends encourage their friends to lead more healthy li

4、festyles;2) Good friends encourage their friends to seek help and access services, when needed;3) Good friends enhance their friend's coping skills in dealing with illness and other health problems; and/or 4) Good friends actually affect physiological pathways that are protective of health. —From：e

5、n. wikipedia. org 重點單詞 請根據(jù)語義及提示寫出單詞 1. Those excited football fans __________(攪亂)the game by shouting and throwing bottles. 2. Many provinces in our country s__________ a heavy loss in the flood in 2020;2020. 3. Ten students will pay a visit to the Science Museum, Tom and John __________(incl

6、ude). 4. We will make a __________(請求)for help if necessary. 5. You'd better take a deep breath to __________ (calm) yourself before answering the question. 6. There is growing __________(憂慮) about violence on the Internet. 7. Air pollution is one of the problems that we can't afford to ________

7、__(忽視). 8. The students has come to the school with the __________(目的)of passing the entrance exam. 9. She devoted herself __________ (entire) to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field. 10. Hopes of economic ______(復(fù)蘇)are fading. 1. upset　 2. suffered　 3. included　 4

8、. request 5. calm　 6. concern　 7. ignore　 8. purpose　 9. entirely　10. recovery 重點短語： 請根據(jù)提示寫出短語 1. __________… down 鎮(zhèn)定下來 2. go __________ 經(jīng)歷 3. set __________ 記下；放下 4. set __________ doing 動身去；開始做 5. add __________ 增加 6. get __________ 與……相處 7. __________ talk 面談 8. _________

9、_ __________ of 對……厭煩 1. calm　 2. through 3. down　 4. about　 5. to 6. along / on with　 7. face－to－face　 8. get/be tired 重點句式： 1. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. (P1) 2. …it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the

10、 night face to face…(P2) 單詞細(xì)講： ① add vi.&vt. 根據(jù)語境猜詞義 (1)Their debt added up to more than 100,000 yuan. (2) His absence added to the difficulties to solve the problem. (3) Please add some sweet to the milk to make it more delicious. (4) He added that the importance to rid the world of hung

11、er should be emphasized. (5) Add your scores up and we'll see who won. 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A.補(bǔ)充說　 B. 增加，增添　 C. 把……加到……上；往……添加……　 D. 總計達(dá)　E. 合計； 加起來 (1)D (2)B　(3)C (4)A　(5)E 鏈接 come to ＝ add up to added adj. 額外的；附加的；增添的 addition n. 除此之外； 另外 in addition (to) 除此之外 The company provides cheap Intern

12、et access. In addition, it makes software freely available. 該公司提供廉價的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入服務(wù)。此外，它還推出免費的共享軟件。 In addition to his movie work, Redford is known as a champion of environmental causes. 除了電影事業(yè)外,雷福德還是知名的環(huán)保斗士。 根據(jù)語境用add的適當(dāng)短語填空 The president said it was not easy to manage a company, (1)______ that the fin

13、ancial crisis (2)______ the difficulties. However, the dormitory for the workers must (3)______and they would (4)______ a toilet ______each room. The week before, he (5)______all the expenses and the total (6)______ more than 100,000 yuan. (1)adding(補(bǔ)充說)　 (2)added to(增加)　 (3)be added to (

14、擴(kuò)建)　 (4)add; to(把……加到……)　 (5)added up(把……加起來)　 (6)added up to(加起來的總和是，共計) ② concern vt.&n. 根據(jù)語境猜詞義 (1)One of the concerns that people have is that teenagers surf the Internet too much. (2) In her last days, she expressed concern for the poor students. (3) This study concerns the matter of En

15、glish study. (4) Issues like food additives do concern me. 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A.與……有關(guān)；關(guān)于　 B. 擔(dān)心 C. 使……擔(dān)心　 D. 關(guān)切 (1) B　 (2) D　 (3) A　 (4) C 鏈接 concerned adj. 有關(guān)的； 憂慮的 concerning prep. 關(guān)于；有關(guān)；涉及 短語 show concern about/for 擔(dān)心，關(guān)心，掛念 have no concern for毫不關(guān)心 conc

16、ern oneself about/ for 關(guān)心……；為……擔(dān)憂 concern oneself with 從事；參與 be concerned about/over/for 關(guān)心； 掛念 be concerned with/in 與……有關(guān)；涉及 句型 as far as…is concerned 就……而言 (主要用于發(fā)表個人意見，常用在寫作中，以發(fā)表自己的見解，可以代替I think) As far as I am concerned, I prefer to work in a team, which offers me a chance to learn how t

17、o get along with others and to share my experiences with them. 就我而言，我愿意團(tuán)隊合作，這就能為我提供學(xué)習(xí)與他人如何相處，如何分享的機(jī)會。 根據(jù)語境用concern的恰當(dāng)短語填空 Besides doing his research work, Professor Wang (1)_________(從事)social work. For example, he (2)_________ (關(guān)心)world peace and human progress. He also made it clear that his

18、research work should (3)__________(與……有關(guān))the farmers' income because (4)_______(就他而論), to increase the farmers' income is of greater importance than anything else. (1) concerns himself with/in or is concerned with/in (2) shows concern about/for or is concerned about/for (3) be concerned with or c

19、oncern (4) as far as he is concerned ③suffer vt.&vi. 根據(jù)語境猜詞義 (1) His health suffered terribly from heavy drinking. (2) The city suffered serious damage from the earthquake. (3) He is suffering from a bad cold. (4) I can't suffer what you said. Shut up! 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A.患……病　 B. 遭受；蒙受(痛苦、饑餓、損失等)

20、 　 C. 因……而受損失　 D. 容忍 (1) C　 (2) B　 (3) A　 (4) D 鏈接 suffering n. 痛苦，苦難 sufferer n. 受苦者；受難者；患者 短語 suffer from 受……苦；患……(病) suffer for 為……而受苦 溫馨提示 suffer 與suffer from 都沒有被動語態(tài)，也不存在其過去分詞充當(dāng)狀語或定語之類的情況。 單項填空 (　　)(1) ______ heart attack for years, Professor White has to take so

21、me medicine with him wherever he goes. A. Suffered B. Suffering C. Being suffered from D. Having suffered from D　考查suffer的搭配與非謂語動詞的用法。由于suffer不用于被動語態(tài)，所以先排除其過去分詞及現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式的用法，即排除答案A和C。由于其賓語位置上的名詞是疾病名稱，所以要與from連用，故答案是D。 (　)(2) To some life means pleasure, but to others______. A.suffer

22、 B. suffering C. sufferings D. suffered B　考查suffer的詞性變化。根據(jù)命題特點，它是一個承前省略句，其選項部分應(yīng)是句子的賓語，所以答案應(yīng)是名詞，故答案為B。 ④calm vt. & adj. 根據(jù)語境猜詞義 (1) He remained calm in the time of danger. (2) Charlie tried his best to calm the frightened boy. (3) A ship is lying on the calm se

23、a, sleeping. 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A.風(fēng)平浪靜；無風(fēng)的；(海洋、湖泊等)平靜的　 B. 使平靜；使安靜；安撫　 C. 鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的 (1) C　(2) B　(3) A 短語 calm down鎮(zhèn)靜；平靜 calm sb. down使某人鎮(zhèn)靜 辨析 calm/quiet/still/silent calm 指無風(fēng)浪或人的心情平靜 quiet 指環(huán)境安靜，不吵鬧 still 指沒有運動或動作的狀態(tài) silent 指不做聲，不講話 用calm/quiet/still/silent填空 (1) Please keep ______while I take yo

24、ur photograph. (2) ______waters run deep. (3) “B” is a ______letter in “doubt”. (4) You'd better be ______about what happened. (5) The street is ______ at deep night. (6) The sea was______. (1) still　still指“一動不動”的靜。 (2) Still　靜水流深，大智若愚。 (3)－(4) silent　silent指“不發(fā)音”或“不說話”保持沉默的靜。 (5) quiet　qui

25、et指自然界的寧靜或指人不激動、不興奮的靜。 (6) calm　calm指海、湖面無風(fēng)浪的靜或指心境的鎮(zhèn)定、冷靜。 猜猜After a storm comes a calm. 的含義。 其字面意思是：暴風(fēng)雨過后便是寧靜。引申為：雨過天晴；柳暗花明。 ⑤go through 根據(jù)語境猜詞義 (1)He'd gone through all his money by the end of the first week of his holiday. (2)These countries have gone through too many wars. (3)She went thr

26、ough her pockets and in the end found the keys. (4)You have to go through some formalities (手續(xù)) if you want to enter our school. 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A.履行 B. 經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受 C. 仔細(xì)檢查 D. 用完 (1) D　(2) B　(3) C　(4) A 短語 go against 違背 go abroad 出國；去海外 go ahead (交際用語。用于鼓勵對方去說、去做)說吧！做吧！　　 go all out to do sth. 全力以赴地做某

27、事 go away 離開 go back to 回到……；追溯到 go far 大有前途 go too far 太過分 go in for 愛好；從事；參與 go on 繼續(xù) go over 復(fù)習(xí)；批改 go up (水的)上升；(價格的)上漲 go with 與……匹配 at one go 一下子；一舉 be on the go 十分活躍； 非常忙碌 make a go of ＝ succeed in sth. 在……獲得成功 have a go at sb. ＝ scold sb. 指責(zé)某人 have a go on sth. ＝ have a try on s

28、th. 嘗試某事 鏈接 get through 完成；通過；接通(電話)；花費 look through 瀏覽；仔細(xì)檢查；往……里面看 come through 安然度過(疾?。晃C(jī)等) live through 活過來 單項填空 (　　)(1) The police suspected him of carrying drugs so they ______ his bag, but found nothing. A. looked up B. turned in C. searched for D. went through D　考查動詞短語的語義

29、辨析。look up 抬頭看，仰望； turn in上交； search for 搜尋； go through 經(jīng)歷；仔細(xì)檢查。根據(jù)語境：警察懷疑他攜帶毒品，因此他們就仔細(xì)地檢查他的包，但什么也沒找到。所以答案是D。 (　　)(2) Although he had ______ through a lot, he didn't ______ through his job on time. A. looked; go B. got; go C. gone; get D. got; come C　考查動詞短語的語義辨析。look thro

30、ugh 瀏覽，仔細(xì)看； go through 經(jīng)歷； get through 完成； come through安然度過。根據(jù)語境：盡管他歷盡千辛萬苦，但還是沒按時做完他的工作。所以答案為C。 ⑥ set down 根據(jù)語境猜詞義 (1) I have set down everything that happened, exactly as I remember it. (2) The bus sets the children down just outside the school gate. 根據(jù)語義找匹配　　 A. 放下；停車讓乘客下車 B. 記下；寫下 (1) B

31、　 (2)A 短語 set about 著手做……；開始做…… set apart 使……分開；留出 set aside 把……置于一邊；不顧 set off 動身；出發(fā)；引爆 set out 動身；出發(fā)；闡明；著手做……；開始做…… (1)你知道這些動詞與down連用時的語義嗎？ put down; take down; break down；cut down; let down；keep down ______________________________________________________________________ put down

32、放下，記下； take down 摘下； break down (機(jī)器)壞了；(人)累垮； cut down 砍伐(樹木)；削減； let down使……失望； keep down 壓抑(感情)；使(經(jīng)費)不增加。 (2)set about與set out都有“著手做……；開始做……”的意思，你知道它們的區(qū)別嗎？ set about中的about是介詞，其后接v.－ing形式；而set out則需要接to do。 ⑦ be tired of 根據(jù)語境猜詞義 Although English is hard to learn, I'm not tired of it. On

33、the contrary, I'm interested in it. 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A. 厭煩；討厭 　B. 疲憊 A 短語 be tired of 討厭…… be tired from 因……而疲憊 be tired out 筋疲力盡 鏈接 tire v. (使……)疲勞；(使……)疲倦 tired adj. 疲倦的；困倦的；厭倦的；陳舊的 tiring adj. 令人疲勞的； 令人厭煩的 tiresome adj. 令人疲勞的； 令人厭煩的 根據(jù)語境語義用恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空 I'm tired ______the travel and I'm tire

34、d ______， so I'm tired ______travel. from; out; of ⑧get along with 根據(jù)語境猜詞義 (1) How are you getting along with your study? (2) He is easy to get along with. 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A.與……相處 B. 進(jìn)展 (1) B　(2) A 短語 get about 四處走動；傳開 get across 傳達(dá)；使……理解 get along/on (with) 進(jìn)展，相處 get away 逃脫，設(shè)法離開 get back 恢復(fù)

35、；回來；收回 get down 記下；下來；下車；使……憂愁 get down to doing sth. 開始認(rèn)真干某事 get in 收割；進(jìn)入；被錄取 get off 出發(fā)；下車 get on 上車 get out 泄露；逃離 get over 克服，成功應(yīng)付；復(fù)原 get together 聚會；收集 get up 起床；組織，籌劃 根據(jù)語境語義用恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空 (1) Don't get ______ the bus until it has stopped. (2) I tried phoning her office, but I couldn't

36、get______. (3) Readers can get ______ very smoothly without knowing the exact meaning of each word while reading newspapers. (1) down　(2) through　(3) along ⑨While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. (P1) 遛狗時，你太粗心，狗扣松了而被車撞了。 While walking the dog我們把它稱之為“連接詞＋

37、非謂語動詞”，根據(jù)現(xiàn)代語法理論，其非謂語動詞的選擇不受連接詞的限定，而是根據(jù)主語與其關(guān)系，即主動，用v.－ing形式；被動，用v.－ed形式；如果非謂語動詞后有介詞能構(gòu)成 “be ＋ 過去分＋介詞”句式的，就用v.－ed形式。 單項填空 (　　)(1) I won't go to the party unless______. A. invited B. inviting C. to invite D. invite A　考查“連接詞＋ 非謂語動詞”的用法。invite與主語I是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞，所以答案是A。 (　　)(2) (2020;2020·湖南)Every e

38、vening after dinner, if not ______ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. A. being tired B. tiring C. tired D. to be tired C　考查“連接詞＋ 非謂語動詞”的用法。因非謂語動詞后有介詞能構(gòu)成 “be ＋tired＋from”句式，用過去分詞，所以答案是C。 ⑩…one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose unti

39、l half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself. (P2) 在某個溫馨之夜，為了能一個人好好地看看月亮，我故意不睡直到十一點半。 in order to 所表達(dá)的是目的狀語，表示“為了……”之意。其否定式是in order not to do sth.，既可放在句首，又可放在句中。 In order to catch up with his classmate as soon as possible, he works even harder. 為了能盡快地趕上同學(xué),他學(xué)習(xí)更加刻苦了。 He

40、set out early in the morning in order not to miss the early bus. 為了不錯過早班車，他一大早就動身了。 鏈接 (1) in order that 與so that 引導(dǎo)的是目的狀語從句，在現(xiàn)代英語中，in order that 與so that沒有太大的區(qū)別，但so that還可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。 He spoke at the top of his voice at the meeting in order that/so that everyone present could hear him. (目的狀語從句)

41、 他在會上聲嘶力竭地喊著以便所有在場的人都能聽到。 He spoke at the top of his voice at the meeting, so that everyone present heard him. (結(jié)果狀語從句) 他在會上聲嘶力竭地喊著結(jié)果所有在場的人都聽到了。 根據(jù)括號中的漢語提示完成下列句子 (1) We must make the polluted water clean __________(為了不使河流受到污染)． (2) We work hard__________(為了能通過入學(xué)考試)． (1) in order that it doesn'

42、t make the river polluted (2) in order to pass the entrance exam/in order that we can pass the entrance exam (2) in order that與in order to do sth.的關(guān)系 當(dāng)主從復(fù)合句中的前后主語一致時，我們才可以使用in order to do sth.句式，如題(2)；否則必須使用主從復(fù)合句，如題(1)。 辨析 in order to do sth./ so as to do sth. /to do sth. / so…as to in order t

43、o do sth. 既可位于句首，也可位于句中； so as to do sth.不能放在句首； to do sth.不用于否定概念。 In order to / To keep up with his classmates, he studies hard. He studies hard in order not to / so as not to fall behind. so…as to只表示結(jié)果，表示“到某種程度以至于……”，否定形式為so…as not to。so后面接形容詞或副詞。 運用以上短語完成下面的情景 After a day's hardworking, w

44、e went to bed early. We were (1) __________ tired (2) __________ fall asleep as soon as our heads touch the pillows. (3) __________ finish the construction in time, we made up our minds to work 12 hours a day, which is (4) __________ a tough job (5) __________ we felt it hard to hold on. Our boss e

45、mployed another 2 workers yesterday, (6) __________ we could have a better rest. (1)so　 (2) as to　 (3) In order to (4) such　 (5) that　 (6) so that 你知道當(dāng)in order to do sth./ so as to do sth. /to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)同時出現(xiàn)在選項中，選哪個最保險嗎？在書面表達(dá)中，表示目的我們用哪個最不出錯誤呢？ ________________________

46、________________________________________________ in order to do sth.是表示目的的萬能句式，它既能放到句首，又能放在句尾，還能構(gòu)成否定式，所以使用它是最沒問題的。 ?I didn't go downstairs until the window had to be shut. (P2) 我一直等到非關(guān)窗不可的時候才下樓去。 (1) until既是介詞又是連接詞 I'll wait for him until midnight. (介詞) I'll wait for him until he comes back. (

47、連接詞) (2)主句是否定句的運用(注意句意變化) We discussed it until the manager came. 我們一直討論到經(jīng)理來。 We didn't discuss it until the manager came. 直到經(jīng)理來我們才討論。 We didn't stop working until the manager came. 直到經(jīng)理來我們才停止工作。 當(dāng)until意為“直到……才”時，主句就要用否定句，而不是依據(jù)主句的動詞是否是延續(xù)性動詞。當(dāng)主句是延續(xù)性動詞時，主句用肯定句，其意思是：主句的動作一直延續(xù)到從句動詞所發(fā)生的動作為止；而使用否定

48、句時，則表示從句的動作發(fā)生時，主句的動作才開始發(fā)生。 (3)until后的時態(tài)問題 由于until引導(dǎo)的是時間狀語從句，所以它的一般將來時用一般現(xiàn)在時代替；過去將來時用一般過去時代替；將來完成時用現(xiàn)在完成時代替。 He had left his key in the office. He had to wait until his wife came. Don't get off the bus until it has stopped. (4) 這一句式的倒裝問題 Not until he came back from Africa that year did he meet t

49、he girl he would like to marry. It was not until he came back from Africa that year that he met the girl he would like to marry. 當(dāng)not until在句首時，其主句應(yīng)當(dāng)使用倒裝句；而強(qiáng)調(diào)句則不倒裝。 ?…it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face… (P2) ……這是我一年半來第一次目睹夜晚…… It/This is/was the firs

50、t/second time that＋主語＋完成時，表示“某人第一/第二次做某事”。 其完成時的選擇依據(jù)主句的be動詞是was，從句的謂語用過去完成時had done；主句的be動詞是is，從句的謂語用現(xiàn)在完成時have done；主句的be動詞是will be，從句的謂語用將來完成時will have done。 — Can you tell me the way to the station? — Sorry, I'm a stranger here. This is the first time I have come here. 你知道這一句型與“It's high/ about time (that)＋ 從句”的區(qū)別嗎？在下列例句中體會。 It's the first time that I have gone to the school. It's high time that I went to the school. “It's the first time that＋從句”句型中從句的時態(tài)是完成時，而“It's high/ about time (that)＋ 從句”句型中從句的時態(tài)是一般過去時或should do sth.。