2020高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 限時(shí)專題訓(xùn)練31 閱讀填空（1）

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1、專題限時(shí)訓(xùn)練(三十一)　[閱讀填空(一)] (限時(shí)：每篇15分鐘) A While the debate over school uniforms is complicated, the pros of wearing school uniforms are obvious. Most teachers and school officials feel that school uniforms make a better student. They believe that the uniforms reduce distractions(分心) and discipline pro

2、blems. Some students have turned school into an unending fashion show. This distracts from learning as some kids spend more time focusing on their clothes than on homework. Some say that a child in a school uniform is more likely to take school seriously. Putting on the school uniform signals he or

3、she is going to school just like dad dresses up to go to work. Schools report that when students dress in “work clothes” rather than “play clothes” they take a more serious approach to their studies. Some teachers feel wearing a school uniform helps build school spirit. Schools report an increase in

4、 school pride after introducing a uniform policy. they are dressed uniformly. They suggests that if students wore uniforms, their self-image would be based on academic achievements. They also say school uniforms last B All of us, at some point, experience nights where we have difficulty

5、 falling asleep or staying asleep. The National Institute of Health estimates that one in three adults have bits of mild sleeplessness or insomnia (失眠), while one in ten suffer from chronic (長(zhǎng)期的) insomnia. Sleeplessness can be caused by many different things. Most people experience sleeplessness fo

6、r an outside stimulus (刺激) such as stress, improper diet or a poor sleeping environment. Once the stimulus passes, the ability to sleep will usually return. Chronic sleeplessness may be caused by ongoing health concerns such as the physical pain of arthritis (關(guān)節(jié)炎) or the emotional pain of anxiety an

7、d depression. Those that suffer from sleepless nights may find themselves feeling sleepy or tired during the day. The ability to concentrate or focus on a task reduces and they are less mentally alert. Because the body needs sleep to support a healthy immune system, those who have little sleep may

8、be more affected by both acute and chronic illnesses like high blood pressure and diabetes. Sleeplessness not only has effects on your physical self but also your emotional well-being. Being unable to sleep well for a few nights may only produce anger. However, if sleeplessness becomes chronic, the

9、 price could be much higher in the form of anxiety, depression and possibly substance abuse. Those with chronic sleeplessness may turn to controlled substances like sleeping pills and alcohol to help them have a good night’s sleep. There are numerous ways for mild sleeplessness at home. Prepare you

10、r body for sleep by avoiding drinks such as tea or coffee before bed. Don’t exercise too much before bedtime; instead, do something to relax yourself. Finally, create a favorable sleeping environment by removing stimulants from your bedroom like extra lighting or a television. If you still cannot fi

11、nd relief, it may be time to visit your physician for help. C Air pollution refers to the introduction of some harmful gases and particulate matter(顆粒物質(zhì)) in the Earth’s atmosphere which in turn results in pollution of air that the various forms of life require for various life processes. The

12、re exist natural causes of air pollution such as volcanic eruptions, wildfires, etc. as well as human causes such as vehicle emissions, industrial smoke, etc. Over the last few decades, the air pollution caused by humans has become a lot more serious and common than natural air pollution. Air pollu

13、tion affects all forms of life including humans, plants and animals on the planet. Along with humans, animals are dependent on oxygen in the air. When polluted air is inhaled(吸入) for breathing oxygen, several harmful gases are also inhaled along with this life-saving gas. These harmful gases are bel

14、ieved to affect animals in the same manner in which they affect humans. Experts also suggest that the particulate matter the animals inhale over a long period can gather in their tissues and cause damage to their organs in the long run. In addition to inhaling the harmful contaminants(污染物) directly,

15、 animals can also come in contact with these contaminants from the food they eat and absorb them through their skin. Some studies do show that the effects of air pollution on animal species are much more serious than they are on us humans. The rapid rate at which air pollution is occurring is not e

16、ven giving the animals a chance to adapt to the changes in the environment. In the long term, these effects are likely to result in extinction(滅絕) of species, which will indirectly add to our danger because we along with all these animals form the ecological environment where all species depend on e

17、ach other. Therefore, all of us are supposed to make an effort to reduce air pollution. D Hair is one of the commonest parts of the body and something that is given a lot of attention. You’ve had it since birth and you take care of it every day. But how much do you know about your hair? The a

18、verage head of hair is made up of 120,000 strands(根), each of which has a life expectancy of about three years. While some hairs are growing, others are resting, and others are falling out. A hair is made up of two parts: the shaft(發(fā)絲)and the root. The shaft is a visible(or: seen) part. It has a co

19、mplex structure. The root is the living part of the hair. It is here that cells develop and form the shaft. It also has a very complex structure. Every day a normal head of about 120,000 hairs will lose between 50 and 100 hairs—or 30,000 hairs per year. Hair dies, falls out, and grows again. The li

20、fe cycle is made up of three stages. First, a long and active growth period that lasts about three years—the hair grows. Second, a very short transition(過(guò)渡)period that lasts about three weeks, during which time the hair is inactive—the hair follicle shrinks. Third, a resting period of about three mo

21、nths—at the end of this period the hair is pushed out and lost. This cycle runs constantly throughout life. A hair grows from 1 to 1.5 cm each month and its usual life expectancy is about three years. So very long hair is rarely seen. However, there are some people who do grow long hair. The most

22、common form of hair loss does not come from disease. In fact we can almost say it is a secondary sexual characteristic. It is called androgenetic alopecia (also known as pattern baldness) and results from a combination of genetic and hormonal(荷爾蒙的) factors. There are two sorts of melanin(黑色素)presen

23、t in all types of hair, in different proportions. These make it possible to obtain all the different shades of color—blonde(or golden), brown or red. 專題限時(shí)訓(xùn)練(三十二)　?　主干專題講練　 作 專題限時(shí)訓(xùn)練(三十一) A 1．School Uniform　綜合全文內(nèi)容可判斷。 2．Opinions　綜合右欄內(nèi)容可判斷。 3．Reducing　根據(jù)第二段They beli

24、eve that the uniforms reduce distractions(分心) and discipline problems.可判斷。 4．their studies　根據(jù)第二段Schools report that when students dress in “work clothes” rather than “play clothes” they take a more serious approach to their studies.可判斷。 5．build school spirit　根據(jù)第二段Some teachers feel wearing a schoo

25、l uniform helps build school spirit.可判斷。 6．parents　根據(jù)第三段To many parents, uniforms are a less-expensive alternative to shopping at specialty and department stores.可判斷。 7．economical　根據(jù)第三段They argue that school uniforms are economical, especially compared to designer clothing.可判斷。 8．fighting and vio

26、lence　根據(jù)第三段What’s more, school uniforms decrease fighting and violence that arise out of arguments over fashionable clothes.可判斷。 9．ease tensions　根據(jù)第三段Schools struggling with gang(一幫) problems report that school uniforms help ease tensions.可判斷。 10．Conclusion　根據(jù)全文最后一句可判斷。 B 11．different　根據(jù)第一段The N

27、ational Institute of Health estimates that one in three adults have bits of mild sleeplessness or insomnia (失眠), while one in ten suffer from chronic (長(zhǎng)期的) insomnia.可判斷。 12．Causes　根據(jù)第二段Sleeplessness can be caused by many different things.可判斷。 13．An outside stimulus　根據(jù)第二段Most people experience slee

28、plessness for an outside stimulus (刺激) such as stress, improper diet or a poor sleeping environment.可判斷。 14．Physical　根據(jù)第四段Sleeplessness not only has effects on your physical self but also your emotional well-being.可判斷。 15．illnesses　根據(jù)第三段…those who have little sleep may be more affected by both acu

29、te and chronic illnesses like high blood pressure and diabetes.可判斷。 16．Producing anger　根據(jù)第四段Being unable to sleep well for a few nights may only produce anger.可判斷。 17．depression　根據(jù)第四段However, if sleeplessness becomes chronic, the price could be much higher in the form of anxiety, depression and po

30、ssibly substance abuse.可判斷。 18．Solutions　根據(jù)第五段There are numerous ways for mild sleeplessness at home.可判斷。 19．tea or coffee　根據(jù)第五段Prepare your body for sleep by avoiding drinks such as tea or coffee before bed.可判斷。 20．relaxing exercises　根據(jù)第五段Don’t exercise too much before bedtime; instead, do somet

31、hing to relax yourself.可判斷。 C 21．Definition/Meaning/Concept　根據(jù)第一段Air pollution refers to the introduction of some harmful gases and particulate matter(顆粒物質(zhì)) in the Earth’s atmosphere which in turn results in pollution of air…可判斷。 22．pollutes air　根據(jù)第一段Air pollution refers to the introduction of so

32、me harmful gases and particulate matter(顆粒物質(zhì)) in the Earth’s atmosphere which in turn results in pollution of air…可判斷。 23．Causes　根據(jù)第一段There exist natural causes of air pollution可判斷。 24．Natural　根據(jù)第一段There exist natural causes of air pollution可判斷。 25．with oxygen　根據(jù)第二段When polluted air is inhaled(吸入

33、) for breathing oxygen, several harmful gases are also inhaled along with this life-saving gas. These harmful gases are believed to affect animals in the same manner in which they affect humans.可判斷。 26．damaging their organs　根據(jù)第二段Experts also suggest that the particulate matter the animals inhale ov

34、er a long period can gather in their tissues and cause damage to their organs in the long run.可判斷。 27．a(chǎn)bsorbed by animals　根據(jù)第二段animals can also come in contact with these contaminants from the food they eat and absorb them through their skin可判斷。 28．no chance　根據(jù)第三段The rapid rate at which air pollut

35、ion is occurring is not even giving the animals a chance to adapt to the changes in the environment.可判斷。 29．Conclusion/Suggestion　根據(jù)全文最后一句可判斷。 30．should make efforts　根據(jù)全文最后一句可判斷。 D 31．Our hair　本文是介紹頭發(fā)的文章，如頭發(fā)的結(jié)構(gòu)，組成和生長(zhǎng)周期等，所以此處填寫(xiě)Our hair。 32．Structure 　第三段是在介紹頭發(fā)的結(jié)構(gòu)，它由兩部分組成的：一部分是可以看見(jiàn)的shaft，另一部分是ro

36、ot部分。所以填寫(xiě) Structure。 33．living part　由第三段第四句可知root是living part，所以填寫(xiě)living part。 34．120,000 strands　由第二段第一句可知頭發(fā)的平均數(shù)量是120,000，所以填寫(xiě)120,000 strands。 35．life expectancy　由第二段第一句可知，每根頭發(fā)的壽命是大約3年，所以填寫(xiě)life expectancy。 36．Growth cycle　由第四段第四、五、六句話可知，頭發(fā)的生命周期是由三個(gè)階段組成的：第一階段是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)而活躍的生長(zhǎng)階段，第二個(gè)階段是非常短的過(guò)渡期，第三個(gè)階段是休眠

37、期，所以填寫(xiě)Growth cycle。 37．long and active　由第四段第四句可知第一個(gè)階段是長(zhǎng)而活躍的時(shí)期，時(shí)長(zhǎng)大約三年，所以填寫(xiě)long and active。 38．Effect/Result　從表格內(nèi)容可知，長(zhǎng)而活躍期是頭發(fā)生長(zhǎng)期，短暫不活躍期是收縮期，三個(gè)月的休眠期是掉頭發(fā)階段，生長(zhǎng)，收縮和掉頭發(fā)是每個(gè)階段的結(jié)果，所以填寫(xiě)Effect/Result。 39．pattern baldness 　由第六段第三句可知androgenetic alopecia就是pattern baldness，所以填寫(xiě)pattern baldness。 40．Cause/Reason　由第六段結(jié)尾部分results from a combination of genetic and hormonal(荷爾蒙的)factors，result from后接表示原因的詞，可知“a combination of genetic and hormonal factors”是原因，所以填寫(xiě)Cause/Reason。