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BRITISH STANDARD
Plastics piping and ducting systems D
Thermoplastics pipes D Determination of resistance to
external blows by the staircase
method
2、
The European Standard EN 1411 : 1996 has the status of a
British Standard
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| BS 2782 :
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Method 1108B :
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Licensed Copy: Instit
4、ute Of Technology Tallaght, Institute of Technology, Sun Oct 22 00:56:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW
Committees responsible for this
British Standard
The preparation of this British Stand
5、ard was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/61, Plastics piping systems and components, upon which the following bodies were represented:
British Gas plc
British Plastics Federation
British Plumbing Fittings Manufacturers' Association British Valve and Actuator Manufacturers' Association
6、Department of the Environment (British Board of Agrement)
Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Department of the Environment (Property and Buildings Directorate) Department of Transport
Electricity Association
Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors
Health and Safe
7、ty Executive Institute of Building Control Institute of Materials Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Gas Engineers
Institution of Water and Environmental Management
National Association of Plumbing, Heating and Mechanical Services
Contractors
Pipeline Industries Guild
Plastics La
8、nd Drainage Manufacturers' Association
Society of British Gas Industries Society of British Water Industries Water Companies Association
Water Services Association of England and Wales
The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels
9、:
Licensed Copy: Institute Of Technology Tallaght, Institute of Technology, Sun Oct 22 00:56:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of th
10、e Standards Board and comes into effect on
15 August 1996
BSI 1996
The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:
Committee reference PRI/61
Draft for comment 94/341019 DC
ISBN 0 580 25877 7
ERA Technology Ltd.
Engineering Equipment and Materia
11、ls Users' Association
RAPRA Technology Ltd.
Amd. No.
Date
Text affected
Amendments issued since publication
Licensed Copy: Institute Of Technology Tallaght, Institute of Technology, Sun Oct 22 00:56:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
BS EN
12、 1411 : 1996
Contents
Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2
Method
1
Scope
3
2
Definitions
3
3
Principle
3
4
Apparatus
3
5
Test pieces
5
6
Conditioning
6
7
Procedure
6
8
Calculations
8
9
Test report
8
Annex
13、A (informative) Bibliography 9
Tables
1
Dimensions for the nose of the striker
3
2
Masses of strikers
3
3
Conditioning periods
6
Figures
1
Typical impact testing machine
4
2
Dimensions of strikers
5
3
Typical record for impact test data, obtained using the staircase method
14、
(in this example, the H50 value = 1,14 m)
7
i
Licensed Copy: Institute Of Technology Tallaght, Institute of Technology, Sun Oct 22 00:56:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
National foreword
This
15、British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee PRI/61 and is the English language version of EN 1411 : 1996 Plastics piping and ducting systems D Thermoplastics pipes D Determination of resistance to external blows by the staircase method, published by the European Committee for Standar
16、dization (CEN).
It is incorporated into BS 2782 Methods of testing plastics : Part 11 : Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and valves, as Method 1108B : 1996, for association with related test methods for plastics materials and plastics piping components.
This test method has been prepared fo
17、r reference by other standards under preparation by CEN for specification of reinforced plastics piping systems and components. It has been implemented to enable experience of the method to be gained and for use for other fresh applications.
It is also for use for the revision or amendment
18、of other national standards as practicable, but it should not be presumed to apply to any existing standard, which contains or makes reference to a different test method, until that standard has been amended or revised to make reference to this method and any requirements adjusted as appropriate.
19、
Warning note. This British Standard, which is identical with EN 1411 : 1996, does not necessarily detail all the precautions necessary to meet the requirements of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974. Attention should be paid to any appropriate safety precautions and the method should b
20、e operated only by trained personnel.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1411
NORME EUROPE? ENNE
EUROPAè ISCHE NORM January 1996
UDC
Descriptors: pipelines, sheathing, plastic tubes, thermoplas
21、tic resins, tests, determination, shock resistance
English version
Plastics piping and ducting systems D Thermoplastics pipes D Determination of resistance to external blows by the staircase method
Syste? mes de canalisations et de gaines en plastiques D Tubes thermoplasti
22、ques D
De? termination de la re? sistance aus chocs externes par la me? thode en escalier
Kunststoff-Rohrleitungs- und Schutzrohrsysteme D Rohre aus Thermoplasten D Bestimmung der Widerstandsfaè higkeit gegen aè u?ere Schlagbeanspruchung im Stufenverfahren
Licensed Copy: Institute Of Technol
23、ogy Tallaght, Institute of Technology, Sun Oct 22 00:56:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1996-01-04. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this E
24、uropean Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three officia
25、l versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies
26、 of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
CEN
European Committee for Standardization Comite? Europe? en de Normalisation Europaè
27、 isches Komitee fuè r Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels
1995 All rights of reproduction and communication in any form and by any means reserved in all countries to
CEN and its members.
Ref. No. EN 1411 : 1996 E
Licensed Copy: Institute Of Technology Ta
28、llaght, Institute of Technology, Sun Oct 22 00:56:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
Foreword
This European Standard has been prepared by the Technical Committee CEN/TC155, Plastics piping systems and ducting systems, of which the secretariat is held by NNI.
This s
29、tandard is based on ISO/CD 11173 : 1991
Thermoplastics pipes D Determination of resistance
to external blows D Staircase method, prepared by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It is a modification of ISO/CD 11173 for reasons of applicability to other test conditions and
30、alignment
with texts of other standards on test methods. The modifications are:
± the procedure has been extended to enable use without prior knowledge of a relevant drop height, striker mass or H50 value;
± editorial changes have been introduced. The material-dependent parameters and/or
31、performance requirements are incorporated in the
system standard(s) concerned.
Annex A, which is informative, gives a bibliography. This standard is one of a series of standards on test
methods which support system standards for plastics
piping systems and ducting systems.
This European St
32、andard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 1996, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by July 1996.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the followin
33、g countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This standard specifies a method
34、for determining the resistance to external blows of thermoplastics pipes by using the staircase method. This method is not applicable to perforated pipes.
The method is intended to be applied for pipe testing at 0 êC. When necessary the method can be applied
at 220 êC or +23 êC.
2 Definit
35、ions
For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply.
2.1 H50 value: The height of fall (drop height) of a striker of specified mass which provokes failure of
50 % of test pieces from samples of pipe taken to represent a batch.
NOTE. In practice, test pieces are
36、drawn at random from a batch and the result is only an estimate of the H50 for that batch.
2.2 production batch: a clearly identifiable collection of units, manufactured consecutively or continuously under the same conditions, using material or
compound conforming to the same specificati
37、on.
3 Principle
Test pieces, comprising cut lengths of pipe, are subjected to a single blow by a falling striker of specified mass and shape dropped from one of a sequence of different heights onto either a random position around the circumference of the pipe or on to a specified gener
38、atrix of the pipe.
If a test piece fails (see d) of ), the drop height for the next blow is decreased by a predetermined amount. If a test piece does not fail, the drop height for the blow on the subsequent test piece is increased accordingly. If sufficient test pieces are used, the H50
value
39、 of a batch, or a production run from an extruder,
can be calculated.
A preliminary test procedure (see ) is carried out to obtain a rough indication of the H50 value and to identify the first test piece from which the result will
be used in a main test procedure (see ).
The severity of
40、this test method can be adjusted to suit different specification needs by changing the mass of the striker and/or the test temperature.
NOTE. It is assumed that the following test parameters are set by the standard making reference to this standard:
a) the type of striker and striker mass
41、 (see b) of 4.1 and a)
of );
b) the test and conditioning temperatures and the conditioning medium (see 4.2 and clause 6);
c) the method of sampling (see );
d) if appropriate, the number of test pieces to be used (see
and clause 7);
e) if applicable, the position of impact on th
42、e test piece and/or any alternative or additional criteria (see b), c) and d) of );
f) if applicable, the initial drop height to be used in place of the preliminary test procedure (see e) of );
g) the required H50 value for the pipe (see a) of 7.2.1).
4 Apparatus
4.1 A falling wei
43、ght impact testing machine incorporating the following basic components (see figure 1):
a) main frame, with guide rails or a guiding tube rigidly fixed in the vertical position, to accommodate a striker (see b)) and release it to fall vertically and freely such that the speed of the strik
44、er at the moment of hitting the pipe is not less than 95 % of the theoretical speed;
b) striker, having a nose comprising all or part of a hemispherical form combined with a cylindrical stem at least 10 mm long and having dimensions conforming to table 1 and figure 2, depending upon the mass of th
45、e striker. The mass of the striker, including any associated weights, shall be selected from table 2. Below the stem, the nose shall be of steel with a minimum wall thickness of 5 mm and
Table 1. Dimensions for the nose of the striker
(see figure 2)
Type
Rs
mm
D
mm
Ds
mm
a
d25 d90
46、
50
50
25 1
90 1
*)
*)
*)
*)
*)Not specified
the striking surface shall be free from imperfections that could influence the results.
Licensed Copy: Institute Of Technology Tallaght, Institute of Technology, Sun Oct 22 00:56:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
47、
Table 2. Masses of strikers
Masses in kilograms
Mass of striker 0,005 kg
Type d25
Type d90
0,25 1,0 2,0
0,5 1,25 2,5
0,8 1,6 3,2
4,0 8,0 15,0
5,0 10,0
6,3 12,5
Licensed Copy: Institute Of Technology Tallaght, Institute of Technology, Sun Oct 22 00:56:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontr
48、olled Copy, (c) BSI
c) rigid test piece support, having one of the following forms as applicable.
1) For pipes having a circular external cross section, consisting of a 120 ê V-block of steel at least 200 mm long, positioned so that the axis of the line of fall of the nose of t
49、he striker shall intersect the axes of the V to within 2,5 mm (see figure 1).
2) For pipes with a flat bottom, a horizontal support of flat steel together with guides to ensure that the line of fall of the striker shall intercept to within 2,5 mm the striking point specified on the test pie
50、ce by the referring standard.
The support construction shall be sufficiently rigid not to cushion the effect of the impact.
d) release mechanism, such that the striker can fall from a variable height which can be adjusted up to 2 m, as measured from the top surface of the test piece with
51、an accuracy of 10 mm. The drop height shall be a multiple of 100 mm.
4.2 A liquid bath or air cabinet, capable of maintaining one of the following conditioning temperatures for testing at the temperature as specified in the referring standard.
For testing at 0 êC, the conditioning tempe
52、rature shall be (0 1) êC.
For testing at 220 êC, the conditioning temperature shall be (220 2) êC
For testing at +23 êC, the conditioning temperature shall be (+ 23 2) êC.
Key
A Guide
B Graduated scale, vertically adjustable for different sizes of pipe
C Main frame
D S
53、triker
E Steel block 120ê, V-shaped or flat (see c)
of )
F Solid base
G Sufficient to give a clear height from striker to pipe of at least 2 m
Figure 1. Typical impact testing machine
54、
5 Test pieces
5.1 Preparation
Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 2. Dimensions of strikers
5.2 Number
Unless otherwise specified by the referring standard,
Licensed Copy: Institute Of Technology Tallaght, Institute of Technology, Sun Oct 22 00:56:43 GMT+00
55、:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
The test pieces shall be cut from pipes selected at random.
In the case of pipes having longitudinal seam lines, the seam lines (see note) shall be marked, . with different colours, before the pipe is cut as follows. NOTE. When pipes are continuously moul
56、ded between two
running moulds, lines are formed in the longitudinal direction of
the pipe which are called seam lines.
For each test piece, the length shall be (200 10) mm. The cut ends shall be square to the axis of the pipe, clean and free from damage. For helically ribbed pipes t
57、he cut end of the helical rib shall be rounded off in
order to eliminate any sharp edges.
up to 50 test pieces shall be used as follows:
a) for a given striker mass, up to 10 test pieces may be used for the preliminary test procedure (see ) to determine the drop height which provokes th
58、e first failure;
b) at least 20 test pieces are used for the main test procedure (see ).
NOTE. Only one blow is made per test piece.
Licensed Copy: Institute Of Technology Tallaght, Institute of Technology, Sun Oct 22 00:56:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
6 Conditi
59、oning
Condition the test pieces in a liquid bath or air for not less than the applicable period given in table 3 where that period shall commence when the temperature of the conditioning medium has returned to the specified temperature if disturbed by the introduction of the test piece. The w
60、all thickness et shall be determined as follows:
a) for pipes with smooth inside and outside surfaces the wall thickness et of the pipe shall be the total wall thickness through the pipe section;
b) for pipes which are corrugated or ribbed externally the wall thickness et shall be the
minim
61、um wall thickness between inside and outside surfaces both in contact with the conditioning fluid.
Table 3. Conditioning periods
Wall thickness et
mm
Conditioning period
min
Liquid bath
Air
et # 8,6
8,6 < et # 14,1
14,1 < et
15
30
60
60
120
240
In the case of dispute
62、 over results a liquid bath shall be used.
7 Procedure
7.1 General
Conduct the procedures given in 7.2 and 7.3 in accordance with the following criteria, as applicable.
a) The striker shall have a mass selected from
table 2, either as specified in the referring standard or, if not thus
63、 specified, such that the H50 value is between 0,5 m and 2,0 m.
b) Each test piece shall be struck only once, either at random or on a generatrix, as specified by the referring standard (see clause 3). Unless the ambient temperature is in the same range as the specified conditioning tempera
64、ture, the impact shall occur within 10 s of the removal of the test piece from the conditioning environment.
If that 10 s interval is exceeded, the test piece shall be returned to the conditioning environment within
a further 10 s for a minimum period of 5 min or shall otherwise be discard
65、ed or fully reconditioned.
c) Unless otherwise specified by the referring standard, the circumferential orientation of the test piece in the V-shaped support shall be random.
For corrugated or ribbed pipe, if the pitch of the corrugation or ribs is more than 0,25 times the diameter d of the stem
66、 of the striker nose (see figure 2), the test piece shall be positioned so that the impact of the striker will be on the top of a corrugation or a rib.
NOTE. The referring standard may specify testing along one or more generatrices.
d) Unless otherwise specified by the referring standard, failure of a test piece shall comprise shattering or any crack or split on the inside of the pipe that was caused by the impact and that can be seen without magnification.
Lighting devices may
bs英國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】bs en 14111996 plastics piping and ducting systemsthermoplastics pipesdetermination of resistance
