人教版八級英語下冊教案.doc

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. Unit 1 What’s the matter? 教學(xué)目標(biāo)： 1語言目標(biāo)：描述健康問題的詞匯，及如何根據(jù)別人的健康問題提建議。 2 技能目標(biāo)：能聽懂談?wù)摻】祮栴}的對話材料；能根據(jù)別人的健康問題提建議；能寫出重點(diǎn)單詞和重點(diǎn)句型，并能描述怎樣對待健康問題。 3 情感目標(biāo)：通過開展扮演病人等活動，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生關(guān)心他人身體健康的品質(zhì)。 通過本課的閱讀，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生處理緊急事件的基本能力，樹立緊急事件時互相幫助的精神。 教學(xué)重點(diǎn)： 短語: have a stomachache, have a cold, lie down, take one’s temperature, go to a doctor, get off, to one’s surprise, agree to do sth., get into trouble, fall down, be used to, run out (of), cut off , get out of, be in control of , keep on (doing sth.), give up 句子: 1 What’s the matter? I have a stomachache. You shouldn’t eat so much next time. 2 What’s the matter with Ben? He hurt himself. He has a sore back. He should lie down and rest. 3 Do you have a fever? Yes, I do. No, I don’t. I don’t know. 4 Does he have a toothache? Yes, he does. He should see a dentist and get an X-ray. 5 What should she do? She should take her temperature. 6 Should I put some medicine on it? Yes, you should No, you shouldn’t. 教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：掌握情態(tài)動詞should?\shouldn’t. 的用法；學(xué)習(xí)have的用法。 課時劃分： Section A1 1a – 2d Section A2 3a-3c Section A3 Grammar Focus-4c Section B1 1a-2e Section B2 3a-Self check Section A 1 (1a – 2d) Step 1 Warming up and new words 1. Look at a picture and learn the parts of the body. 2. New words and phrases. Step 2 Presentation 1a Look at the picture. Write the correct letter [a-m] for each part of the body. ___arm ___ back ___ ear ___ eye ___ foot ___hand ___ head ___ leg ___ mouth ___ neck ___nose ___ stomach ___ tooth Step 3 Listening 1b Listen and look at the picture. Then number the names 1-5 Listen to the conversations again and fill in the blanks. Conversation 1 Nurse: What’s the matter, Sarah? Girl: I ___________. Conversation 2 Nurse: What’s the matter, David? Boy: I _________________. Conversation 3 Nurse: What’s the matter, Ben? Boy: I _________________. Conversation 4 Nurse: What’s the matter, Nancy? Girl: I _________________. Conversation 5 Betty: What’s the matter, Judy? Ann: She __________________. Step 4 Speaking 1c Look at the pictures. What are the students’ problems? Make conversations. Examples A: What’s the matter with Judy? B: She talked too much yesterday and didn’t drink enough water. She has a very sore throat now. A: What’s the matter with Sarah? B: She didn’t take care of herself on the weekend. She was playing with her friends at the park yesterday. Then it got windy, but she didn’t put on her jacket. Now she has a cold. Step 5 Guessing games Guess what has happened to the students by using the important sentences. Step 6 Listening 2a Listen and number the pictures [1-5] in the order you hear them. 2b Listen again. Match the problems with the advice. Step 7 Speaking 2c Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2b A: What’s the matter? B: My head feels very hot. A: Maybe you have a fever. B: What should I do? A: You should take your temperature. Step 8 Role–play Imagine you are the school doctor. A few students have health problems. Role-play a conversation between the doctor and the students. 2d Role –play the conversation Step 9 Language points and summary 1. What’s the matter? 這是人們特別是醫(yī)生和護(hù)士詢問病人病情時最常用的問句, 意思是“怎么了?”其后通常與介詞with連用。類似的問句還有: What’s wrong? 怎么啦? What’s wrong with you? 你怎么了? What’s your trouble? 你怎么了? What’s the trouble with you? 你怎么了? What’s up? 你怎么了? 2. have a cold傷風(fēng), 感冒, 是固定詞組，表示身體不適的常用詞組還有: have a bad cold 重感冒 have a fever 發(fā)燒 have a headache 頭痛 have a stomachache 肚子痛, 胃痛 have a toothache 牙痛 Summary：1. 牙疼 have a toothache 2. 胃疼 have a stomachache 3. 背疼 have a backache 4. 頭疼 have a headache 5. 喉嚨疼 have a sore throat 6. 發(fā)燒 have a fever 7. 感冒 have a cold 8. 躺下并且休息 lie down and rest 9. 喝熱蜂蜜茶 drink hot tea with honey 10. 喝大量水 drink lots of water 11. 看牙醫(yī) see a dentist 12. 量體溫 take one’s temperature 13. 看醫(yī)生 go to a doctor Step 10 Exercises 根據(jù)上下文意思填空。 Mandy: Lisa, are you OK? Lisa: I _____ a headache and I can’t move my neck. What ______ I do? Should I _____ my temperature? Mandy: No, it doesn’t sound like you have a fever. What _____ you do on the weekend? Lisa: I played computer _____ all weekend. Mandy: That’s probably why. You need to take breaks _____ from the computer. Lisa: Yeah, I think I sat in the _____ way for too long without moving. Mandy: I think you should ____ down and rest. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a _______. Lisa: OK. Thanks, Mandy. 翻譯下列句子：1. 你怎么了？我頭痛。 2. 他怎么了？他發(fā)燒 3. 李雷怎么了？他喉嚨痛。他應(yīng)該多喝水。 4. 如果你的頭和脖子明天仍然疼的話，請去看醫(yī)生。 Homework：Make up a conversation between a doctor and a patient. 教學(xué)反思： Section A 2 (3a – 3c) Step 1 Presentation Look at the picture. Discuss what happened and then what we should do. Teacher: What happened in the picture. Students: Teacher: What should we do to help them? Students: Teacher: Did the bus driver help them? Students: Step 2 Reading 3a Read the passage and answer the following questions. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? How do you know? Did the bus driver help the man and the woman? 3b Read the passage again and check the things that happened in the story. 1 ____ Wang Ping was the driver of bus No.26 at 9:00 a.m. yesterday. 2 ____ Bus No.26 hit an old man on Zhonghua Road. 3 ____ The old man had a heart problem and needed to go to the hospital right away. 4 ____ The passagers on the bus did not want to go to the hospital, so only Wang Ping went with the woman and old man. 5 ____ Some passagers helped to get the old man onto the bus. 6 ____ The old man got to the hospital in time. Step 3 Speaking 3c Discuss the questions with a partner. Step 4 Languages points 1. ... when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. ...... 這時司機(jī)看到一位老人正躺在路邊。 觀察與思考：你能看出“看到某人正在做某事”的句型嗎? see sb. doing sth. 看見某人正在做某事 e.g. When I pass the window I see him drawing a picture. see sb. do sth. 看見某人做過某事 e.g. I often see him draw a picture. 活學(xué)活用： 1) 我看見他時他正在河邊玩。 I saw him _______ by the river. 2) 我看見過他在河邊玩。 I saw him _____ by the river. 3) 我看著他過了橋。 I see him ______ across the bridge. 4) 我看見她正在洗碗。 I see her _________ the dishes. 2. The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice. 3. He only thought about saving a life. 觀察與思考：你能看出“without thinking”、“about saving a life” 的共同點(diǎn)嗎? 共同點(diǎn)：介詞 + doing；介詞 + 名詞、賓格代詞、doing 活學(xué)活用：用適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁铡? 1) I am fine. What about ____ (she)? 2) Thanks for ______ (tell) me the story? 3) It is a sunny day. How about _____ (go) fishing? 4) It is good to relax by ______ (use) the Internet or _________ (watch) game shows. 4. But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. to one’s surprise 使......驚訝的是，出乎......意料 e.g. To their surprise, all the students pass the exam. ??????Much to everyone’s surprise, the plan succeeded. 5. ... because they don’t want any trouble, ... 當(dāng)trouble意為“困難；麻煩”時，是不可數(shù)名詞。如： I’m sorry to give you so much trouble.? (1) be in trouble意為“有困難；陷入困境”。 如: He always asks me for help when he is in trouble. (2) get sb. into trouble 意為“使某人陷入困境”。 如: If you come, you may get me into trouble. (3) 主語 + have / has trouble (in) doing sth. 意為“某人在做某事方面有困難”。如: I have some trouble (in) reading the letter. 【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子，每空詞數(shù)不限。? (1) 他認(rèn)為每天吃飯是一件麻煩事。 He thinks that eating every day is _________. (2) 你知道你現(xiàn)在為什么處于困境嗎？??? Do you know why you _____________ now??????? (3) 我妹妹在學(xué)習(xí)英語方面有困難。? My sister _____________________ English. 6. right away 意為“立刻；馬上”，和 in a minute 意思相近。例如： I’ll be there right away / in a minute. 另外，right now和 at once也可表示“立刻; 馬上”的意思。 重點(diǎn)短語 1) 看到某人正在做某事see sb. doing sth. 2) 讓某人吃驚的是to one’s surprise 3) 下車get off the bus 4) 上車get on the bus 5) 多虧，幸虧thanks to 6) 考慮think about 7) 同意做某事agree to do sth 8) 造成麻煩get into trouble Step 5 Exercises 用括號內(nèi)的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. The driver saw an old man _____ (lie) on the road. 2. I sat in the same way without ________ (move). 3. He only thought about ______ (save) a life and didn’t think about _______ (him). 4. The old man needed _____ (go) to the hospital. 教學(xué)反思： Section A 3 (Grammar focus – 4c) Step 1 Revision (Guessing game) Look at the pictures, guess what has happened and revise the important points the students have learned. Step 2 Grammar focus What’s the matter? I have a stomachache. You shouldn’t eat so much next time. What’s the matter with Ben? He hurt himself. He has a sore back. He should lie down and rest. Do you have a fever? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. / I don’t know. Does he have a toothache? Yes, he does. He should see a dentist and get an X-ray. What should she do? She should take her temperature. Should I put some medicine on it? Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn’t. 觀察與思考 讀以下四個句子，總結(jié)出have的用法。 have \ has I have a bag. He has noodles for breakfast. I have a bad cold. They have a look at the picture. 用法展現(xiàn) 1. 作“有”講。 如：I have a bag. 我有一個包。 He has a red cup. 他有一個紅杯子。 2. 作“吃、喝”講。如： have breakfast (吃早飯) have tea (喝茶) have a biscuit (吃塊餅干) have a drink (喝點(diǎn)水) 3. 作“患病”講。 have a cold, have a fever 4. 固定短語 have a try, have a look, have a party 活學(xué)活用 1. 她有許多好朋友。 She ____ lots of good friends. 2. 當(dāng)我們感冒時，應(yīng)該多喝水。 When we _____ bad colds, we should drink more water. 3. 他早餐常吃雞蛋。 He ____ eggs for breakfast. 4. 他昨天去參加聚會了。 He ___________ yesterday. 用法展現(xiàn) should should 屬情態(tài)動詞, 后接動詞原形, 沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。用于提出建議勸告別人。 should 的否定形式為 should not, 通?？s寫為 shouldn’t。 1. — Tom, I have a toothache. 湯姆, 我牙痛。 — You should see a dentist. 你應(yīng)當(dāng)去看牙醫(yī)。 2. — I’m not feeling well these days. I have bad cough. 這些天我身體不適, 老是咳嗽。 — You shouldn’t smoke so much, I think. 我認(rèn)為你不該抽這么多煙。 3. — Should I put some medicine on it? — Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn’t. 4. — What should she do? — She should take her temperature. 活學(xué)活用 1. — She has a stomachache. — She __________ eat so much next time. 2. — Should she see a dentist and get an X- ray? — Yes, she _______. / No, she _________. 反身代詞 反身代詞又稱為自身代詞，表示動作行為反射到行為執(zhí)行者本身。它還可以在句中起到強(qiáng)調(diào)的作用，用以加強(qiáng)語氣。 粉墨登場 英語中共有八個反身代詞，在使用時應(yīng)注意和它所指的相應(yīng)的對象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。其基本形式如下表所示： ? 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱 單數(shù) myself yourself Himself/herself/itself 復(fù)數(shù) ourselves yourselves themselves 用法展現(xiàn) 1. 可用作賓語，指的是賓語和主語表示 同一個或同一些的人或事物。 如：Maria bought herself a scarf. 瑪麗亞給自己買了一條圍巾。 We must look after ourselves very well. 我們必須好好照顧自己。 2. 可用作表語，指的是表語和主語表示同一個或同一些人或事物。 如：She isn’t quite herself today. 她今天身體不太舒服。 3. 可用作主語或賓語的同位語，常用來加強(qiáng)語氣。 如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow. 明天她自己將要坐飛機(jī)去倫敦。 I met the writer himself last week. 我上周見到了那位作家本人。 4. 用在某些固定短語當(dāng)中。 照顧自己 look after oneself / take care of oneself 自學(xué) teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself 玩得高興，過得愉快 enjoy oneself 請自用……（隨便吃/喝些……） help oneself to sth. 摔傷自己 hurt oneself 自言自語 say to oneself 沉浸于，陶醉于……之中 lose oneself in 把某人單獨(dú)留下 leave sb. by oneself 給自己買…...東西 buy oneself sth. 介紹……自己? introduce oneself 溫馨提醒 1. 反身代詞不能單獨(dú)做主語，但可以做主語的同位語，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。 如：我自己能完成作業(yè)。 (誤) Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself. 2. 反身代詞表示“某人自己”，不能表示“某人的東西”，因?yàn)樗鼪]有所有格的形式。表達(dá)“某人自己的（東西）”時，須要用one’s own. 如：我用我自己的蠟筆畫畫。 (誤) I’m drawing with myself crayons. (正) I’m drawing with my own crayons. 活學(xué)活用 1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _______ just now. 2. Bad luck! I cut _______ with a knife yesterday. 3. They tell us they can look after __________ very well. 4. My cat can find food by _____. 5. Help __________ to some beef, boys. Step 3 Exercises 4a Fill in the blanks and practice the conversations. 1. A: I hurt ______ when I played basketball yesterday. What _______ I do? B: You ______ see a doctor and get an X-ray. 2. A: _______ the matter? B: My sister and I ______ sore throats. _______ we go to school? A: No, you _________. 3. A: _____ Mike _____ a fever? B: No, he ________. He ____ a stomachache. A: He _______ drink some hot tea. 4b Circle the best advice for these health problems. Then add your own advice. 1. Jenny cut herself. She should (get an X-ray / put some medicine on the cut). My advice: _______________________. 2. Kate has a toothache. She should (see a dentist / get some sleep). My advice: ________________________. 3. Mary and Sue have colds. They shouldn’t (sleep/ exercise). My advice: ______________________. 4c One student mimes a problem. The other students in your group guess the problem and give advice. Name Problem Advice Liu Peng fall down go home and rest A: What’s the matter? Did you hurt yourself playing soccer. B: No, I didn’t. C: Did you fall down? B: Yes, I did. D: You should go home and get some rest. 教學(xué)反思： Section B 1 (1a-2e) Step 1 New words 1. bandage n. 繃帶 v. 用繃帶包扎 2. sick adj. 生病的；有病的 e.g. Her mother is very?sick. 她母親病得很厲害。 3. knee n. 膝蓋 4. nosebleed n. 鼻出血 5. breathe v. 呼吸 e.g. Fish cannot?breathe?out of water. 魚離開水就不能呼吸。 6. sunburned adj. 曬傷的 7. climber n. 登山者 8. accident n. （交通）事故; 意外遭遇 9. rock n. 巖石 10. knife n. 刀 11. blood n. 血 12. control n. & v. 限制；約束；管理 13. spirit n. 勇氣；意志 Step 2 Presentation 1. Discuss: Did these accidents happen to you? When they happen, what should you do? e.g. get hit on the head / cut her finger / fall down / have a nosebleed 2. 1a. When these accidents happen, what should you do? Put the actions in order. (1) ____ Put a bandage on it. ____ Run it under water. ____ Put some medicine on it. (Key: 3, 1, 2) (2) ____ Go to the hospital. ____ Get an X-ray. ____ Rest for a few days. (Key: 1, 2, 3) (3) ____ Clean your face. ____ Put your head back. ____ Put on a clean T-shirt. (Key: 2, 1, 3) Step 3 Listening 1. 1b. Listen to the school nurse. Check the problems you hear. Problems Treatments Problems Treatments Someone felt sick. √ Someone had a nosebleed. √ Someone cut his knee. √ Someone hurt his back. Someone had a fever. Someone got hit on the head. √ 2. 1c. Listen again. Write the letter of each treatment next to the problems you checked in the chart above. a. put a bandage on it b. took his temperature c. told him to rest d. put some medicine on it e. took him to the hospital to get an X-ray f. told her to put her head back. Problems Treatments Problems Treatments Someone felt sick. √ b, c Someone had a nosebleed. √ f Someone cut his knee. √ d, a, b, c Someone hurt his back. Someone had a fever. Someone got hit on the head. √ e Step 4 Speaking 1d. Role-play a conversation between the nurse and the teacher. Use the information in 1b and 1c. A: Who came to your office today? B: First, a boy came in. He hurt himself in P.E. class. A: What happened? B: He has a nosebleed. Step 5 Presentation 2a. Accidents or problems can sometimes happen when we do sports. Write the letter of each sport next to each accident or problem that can happen. A = soccer B = mountain climbing C = swimming __ fall down __ have problems breathing __ get hit by a ball __ get sunburned __ cut ourselves __ hurt our back or arm (Key: B C / A C / B A) Step 6 Reading 1. 2b. Read the passage and underline the words you don’t know. Then look up the words in a dictionary and write down their meaning. 閱讀指導(dǎo)： Finding the Order of Events Writers describe events in a certain order. Finding the order of the events will help you understand what you are reading. 2. Reading tasks: 2c. Read the statements and circle True, False or Don’t Know. 1 Aron almost lost his life three times because of climbing accidents. True False Don’t know 2 Aron had a serious accident in April 2003. True False Don’t know 3 Aron ran out of water after three days. True False Don’t know 4 Aron wrote his book before his serious accident. True False Don’t know 5 Aron still goes mountain climbing. True False Don’t know 2d. Read the passage again and answer the questions. 1. Where did the accident happen on April 26, 2003? 2. Why couldn’t Aron move? 3. How did Aron free himself? 4. What did Aron do after the accident? 5. What does “between a rock and a hard place” mean? Key: 1. It happened in Utah, America. 2. His arm was caught under a 360-kilo rock that fell on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains. 3. He used his knife to cut off half his right arm. 4. He wrote a book called “Between a Rock and a Hard Place”. 5. It means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of. 2e. Put the sentences in the correct order. Then use them to tell Aron’s story to your partner. Try to add other details from the reading. 1. On April 26, 2003, he had a serious mountain climbing accident. 2. Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind taking risks. 3. Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today. 4. He wrote a book about his experience. 5. Aron lost half his right arm from the 2003 accident. The correct order: 2, 1, 5, 4, 3 Step 7 Important phrases 摔倒 fall down 對感興趣 be interested in 習(xí)慣于 be used to … 因?yàn)? because of 用完 run out of 準(zhǔn)備做 be ready to do sth. 切除 cut off 離開 get out of … 掌管，管理 in control of … 繼續(xù)或堅(jiān)持（做某事） keep on doing sth. Step 8 Language points 1. 觀察下列句子。 1) He found himself in a very dangerous situation. 2) He was climbing by himself. 3) He bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood. 4) …we find ourselves “between a rock and a hard place”… himself 和ourselves稱為_____代詞。 (反身) 2. 填寫下列表格。 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱 單數(shù) myself yourself himself herself itself 復(fù)數(shù) ourselves yourselves themselves 3. 觀察以下兩個句子，總結(jié)so that，和so … that 的用法。 1）He bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood. 2）His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. so that 既可引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句又可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時可譯為"為了" , 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時可譯為“以便”。 e.g. I speak loudly so that all the students can hear me clearly. (目的狀語從句) Maria likes the woolen dress so that she decides to buy it immediately. (結(jié)果狀語從句) so... that...中的so是副詞，常用來修飾形容詞或副詞，“如此……以致于……”。 主語 + 謂語 + so + adj. / adv. + that從句。 e.g. The boy ran so fast that I couldn't catch him. so + adj. + a(n) + 單數(shù)名詞 + that從句。 e.g. It was so fine a day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic. 昨天天氣很好，我們都出去野餐了。 區(qū)別： 1) so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時，表示“以便；為了”，從句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should等情態(tài)動詞或助動詞；引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時，從句中一般不用can和may等詞。 2) so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句前不用逗號，so that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句與主句之間常有逗號相隔開，“因此; 所以”。 e.g. He worked hard at his lessons so that he could gain high grades in the exams. 他努力學(xué)習(xí)，爭取考試能獲得好成績。 He worked hard at his lessons, so that he gained high grades in the exams. 他努力學(xué)習(xí)，結(jié)果考試獲得了好成績。 3. There were many times when Aron almos