云南省2019年中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 第2部分 語(yǔ)法專題復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法二 介詞和介詞短語(yǔ)課件.ppt

云南語(yǔ)法二介詞和介詞短語(yǔ),考點(diǎn)一時(shí)間介詞1in,on,at,2.during,induring和in都表示一段時(shí)間。但during更加強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的延續(xù)性，可以表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)自始至終的狀態(tài)。,3for,sincefor和since表示的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)都有延續(xù)之意，“for時(shí)間段”表示“延續(xù)多久”，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子可用過(guò)去時(shí)、完成時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)；since后接表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的短語(yǔ)，意為“自從(過(guò)去某時(shí))以來(lái)”，說(shuō)明自過(guò)去某時(shí)延續(xù)至今的一段時(shí)間，常與完成時(shí)連用。,4in,afterin和after后都可以接時(shí)間段，表示“(時(shí)間)之后”，in用于將來(lái)時(shí)，after用于過(guò)去時(shí)。,5by,beforeby表示“截止；到為止”，包括其后的時(shí)間；before則表示“在某時(shí)之前”，不包括其后的時(shí)間。YoushouldgetyourhomeworkbyFriday.你應(yīng)該最遲于星期五把作業(yè)準(zhǔn)備好。(包含星期五)CanyoucomeandmeetmebeforeFriday？你能在星期五之前來(lái)見(jiàn)我嗎？(不包含星期五),1(2018山東東營(yíng)廣饒模擬)Chinasfirsthomebuiltaircraftcarrier(航空母艦)hitthewaterinDalianthemorningofApril26,2017.AinBonCatDto,2(2018山東濟(jì)南商河二模)WearegoingtogiveourEnglishteacherasurpriseTeachersDay.AonBatCinDby,3(2018山東菏澤單縣模擬改編)Itisbelievedthat_December21st,1891,thefirstbasketballgameinhistorywasplayed.AinBatConDof,4(2018安徽蚌埠禹會(huì)二模)Mr.Brownarrivedattheairport5oclocktheeveningofSaturday.Ain;onBon;inCat;onDat;in,5(2018安徽蚌埠懷遠(yuǎn)九年級(jí)檢測(cè))Whattimedoyouexpectmetofinishthetask?Say,twohours.AbeforeBatCforDin,6(2018四川內(nèi)江中考)TheaccidenttookplaceacoldNovemberevening.AonBinCatDfor,7(2018江蘇南京中考)NeilArmstrongwasthefirstmantowalkonthemoon20July1969.AinBonCatDfor,考點(diǎn)二方位介詞1across,through,pastacross強(qiáng)調(diào)從表面橫過(guò)；through強(qiáng)調(diào)從內(nèi)部穿過(guò)；past強(qiáng)調(diào)從旁邊經(jīng)過(guò)。,2in,on,over,abovein“在里面”，通常指被包含在某物之內(nèi)；on“在上面”，與表面有接觸，反義詞是beneath；over“在之上”，指在物體的正上方或覆蓋在物體表面，反義詞是under；above“在之上；高于”，指在上方，不一定是垂直的正上方，其反義詞是below。,3between,among表示在兩者之間用between；在三者或三者以上之間用among。,4in/on/to方位名詞的用法,1(2018甘肅白銀中考)Theearthgoesthesun.AaroundBthroughCbetweenDacross2(2018天津中考)Inthepicture,hesitsme,lookingveryhappy.AbesideBamongCupDthrough,3(2018重慶中考B卷)Excuseme,isthereacomputerroominyourschool?Yes.Itsthefifthfloor.AonBinCatDto,4(2017山東德州中考)Awomanstoodthewindow,watchingthechildrenplayinggamesinthegarden.ApastBthroughCacrossDby,5(2019原創(chuàng))HongKongisthesouthofChina,andMacaoliesthewestofHongKong.Ain;toBto;toCto;inDin;in,6(2017四川成都中考改編)IcantseeLucybecausesheisthetree.AinfrontofBbehindCnexttoDbefore,7(2017上海中考)ShirleyisstillwaitingforherflighttoNewYorkCitytheairport.AatBunderConDwith,8(2019原創(chuàng))Themoonlightisshininginthewindow.Everythingintheroomlooksnice.AoverBacrossCthroughDpast,考點(diǎn)三方式介詞1in,by,within指“用”某種材料，“用”某種表達(dá)方式或度量單位，“用”某種語(yǔ)言或語(yǔ)言活動(dòng)的方式；by“用方式”，后面常跟表示手段、交通方式的名詞作賓語(yǔ)；with表示“用”一種具體的工具或手段。,2by,on,in交通工具當(dāng)交通工具前沒(méi)有限定詞修飾時(shí)，介詞只能用by；當(dāng)交通工具前有限定詞(冠詞和物主代詞等)時(shí)，介詞可用on，也可用in,但不可用by。HehasreturnedtoBeijingbyair.他已乘飛機(jī)返回北京。Theygotoworkontheirbikes.他們是騎自行車上班的。Iwillpickyouupattheairportinmycar.我將開車去機(jī)場(chǎng)接你。,1(2019原創(chuàng))Imadecoatmyhand.Itwasmadehandnotwithamachine.Ain;inBin;withCwith;byDwith;with,2(2019原創(chuàng))Weareaskedtowriteink,thatis,apen.Awith;inBin;inCin;withDwith;with,3(2019原創(chuàng))Todaymybikecantworksuddenly,soIwenttoschoolbus.AinBonCbyDwith4(2019原創(chuàng))CanyouanswerthequestionFrench?AbyBwithCfromDin,5(2019原創(chuàng))Tomwenttoschoolhisbike,andImyfatherscar.Ain;inBby;onCon;inDon;on,考點(diǎn)四其他?？冀樵~1without“沒(méi)有”，后面接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。Shejustleftwithoutsayingaword.她一句話也沒(méi)說(shuō)就走了。2including“包含；包括”Thepriceis$100,includingyourmeals.價(jià)錢是100美元，包括你的飯錢。,3with“和；具有，帶有；用，以；由于”，常表示伴隨。Shecamebackwithaletterinherhand.她手里拿著一封信回來(lái)了。4against“反對(duì)；靠著，倚著”，反義詞為for，表示“支持”。Thereisaladderagainstthewall.有架梯子靠在墻上。,5except,exceptfor,but,besides(1)except表示“除之外(不再有)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)不被包括在內(nèi)。TheofficeisopeneverydayexceptSundays.辦事處除了星期天以外天天開門。(2)exceptfor“除之外”，表示整體情況良好，局部出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。Thearticleisgoodexceptforsomespellingmistakes.除了一些拼寫錯(cuò)誤，這個(gè)文章整體還是很好的。,(3)but與except同義，表示“除了”，常用于noone,nobody,all等代詞后。Theresnoonebutme.這里除了我沒(méi)有別人。(4)besides“除之外還有”。WhatlanguagesdoyouknowbesidesChineseandEnglish？除了漢語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)以外你還懂什么語(yǔ)言？,6as作介詞，意思是“作為；以身份”。HecametoChinaasatouristfiveyearsago.他五年前以游客的身份來(lái)過(guò)中國(guó)。Englishisusedasaforeignlanguageinourcountry.英語(yǔ)作為一門外語(yǔ)在我國(guó)被使用。,1(2018安徽亳州利辛5月模擬)Yourmathisgood.Doyouhaveanyspecialwaystolearnit?No.Remember:Nothingcanbelearnedhardwork.AagainstBwithCthroughDwithout,2(2018安徽阜陽(yáng)第九中學(xué)期末)Igavetheticketstoallthestudentstheoneswhohadalreadytakenthem.AexceptBbeyondCwithDamong,3(2019原創(chuàng))Thirtypassengerswerehurt,fivechildren.AincludeBincludingCincludedDincludes,考點(diǎn)五介詞短語(yǔ)abit(of)有一點(diǎn)兒afterawhile過(guò)了一會(huì)兒alittle一點(diǎn)兒allkindsof各種類型的；各種各樣的alotof許多,apairof一雙asetof一套；一副；一組aroundtheworld世界各地aslongas只要；既然atfirst起先；首先atlast最后atleast至少；不少于；起碼,atnight/noon在夜里/中午atonce立刻attheageof.在歲時(shí)atthebeginningof.在之初attheendof.在之末atthefootof.在腳下atthesametime同時(shí),at/ontheweekend在周末becauseof因?yàn)閎edifferentfrom與不同；與有差異beinterestedin對(duì)感興趣bemadeof由制成的besimilarto與相像的、類似的besureabout確信；對(duì)有把握,between.and.在和之間bybike/air/train/bus/sea騎自行車/乘飛機(jī)/火車/汽車/船bytheendof.到底為止bytheway順便說(shuō)bythewindow在窗邊byhand手工,bymistake錯(cuò)誤地bythetime到時(shí)候byaccident偶然地farawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離forexample例如forsure無(wú)疑；肯定,fromnowon從現(xiàn)在起fromthenon從那時(shí)起from.to.從到inahurry匆忙inall總共,in(great)danger處于(極大)危險(xiǎn)之中inEnglish用英語(yǔ)infact確切地說(shuō)；事實(shí)上；實(shí)際上inthecountryside在鄉(xiāng)下；在農(nóng)村inthemiddleof在中間intime及時(shí),inorderto為了inpublic公眾；公開地insurprise驚奇地intheend最后inturn依次instyle時(shí)髦的,introuble處于困境中inarow一排；一列inaword總而言之insilence沉默inthefaceof面對(duì)lessthan少于,littlebylittle逐漸地morethan多于ofcourse當(dāng)然one(large)bowlof.一(大)碗onfoot步行；走路ononeswayto某人在去的路上,ontheleft/right在左(右)邊ontheotherhand另一方面ontheothersideof.在另一邊ontime按時(shí)onvacation在度假onweekends在周末,onduty在值日onsale廉價(jià)銷售ondisplay展覽；陳列sofar到目前為止；迄今為止suchas例如；像這樣thesameas和相同；與一致,thanksto幸虧toonesjoy/surprise使高興/驚訝的是tobehonest老實(shí)說(shuō)tostartwith在一開始withasmile面帶笑容withoneshelp/withthehelpof在某人的幫助下；由于某人的幫助withonesowneyes親眼所見(jiàn),1(2018安徽宿州第五中學(xué)模擬)Howmanyteachersarethereinyourschool,Emma?Thereare120teachers，eightywomenteachersandfortymenteachers.AinpersonBindangerCintotalDinpublic,2(2018安徽蕪湖繁昌二模)Toprotecttheenvironment,weareencouragedtousechinacupsthepaperones.AaccordingtoBinsteadofCsuchasDtogetherwith,3(2018湖北孝感中考)Itsnotnecessarytofindafriendwhoisthesameyou.AinBasCtoDfrom,4(2018福建中考改編)Bluewhalesare.Weshouldtrytoprotectthem.AintimeBinpublicCindangerDinfact,5(2018山西中考改編)InChina,weareusingtheFASTtofindstars.Nowmoreandmorepeoplewanttoknowaboutthelargestradiotelescope(望遠(yuǎn)鏡)intheworld.AinpersonBinpublicCinspaceDintime,