（江蘇專用）2019高考英語二輪增分策略 專題二 完形填空 第二節(jié) 分類突破 一 記敘文課件.ppt

一、記敘文,專題二第二節(jié)分類突破,真題感悟,名師點(diǎn)津,內(nèi)容索引,隨堂限時(shí)練,真題感悟,(2018江蘇) Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment.Their savings had been 36 to pay lawyers fees.To make matters worse，Moth was diagnosed(診斷) with a 37 disease. There was no 38 ，only pain relief. Failing to find any other way out，they decided to make a 39 journey，as they caught sight of an old hikers(徒步旅行者) guide.,This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and recovery.When leaving home，Raynor and Moth had just 320 in the bank.They planned to keep the 41 low by living on boiled noodles，with the 42 hamburger shop treat. Wild camping is 43 in England.To avoid being caught，the Winns had to get their tent up 44 and packed it away early in the morning.The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 45 than they remember it was in their 20s.Raynor 46 all over and desired a bath.Moth，meanwhile，after an initial 47 ，found his symptoms were strangely 48 by their daily tiring journey.,40,49 ，the couple found that their bodies turned for the better，with re-found strong muscles that they thought had 50 forever.“Our hair was fried and falling out，nails broken，clothes 51 to a thread，but we were alive.” During the journey，Raynor began a career as a nature writer.She writes，“ 52 had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare，an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book.It had also given me a 54 ，either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope.I chose hope.”,語篇解讀,語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。一對夫妻因?yàn)橥顿Y不當(dāng)而變得無家可歸、窮困潦倒；更糟糕的是，丈夫被診斷出得了嚴(yán)重的疾病。走投無路之時(shí)，夫妻倆決定徒步旅行，長途跋涉雖然辛苦，但卻使他們慢慢地找到了生活的方向。,36.A.drawn up B.used up C.backed up D.kept up,解析文章開頭交代，夫妻倆因投資不當(dāng)而變得無家可歸。由此可推知，為了支付律師費(fèi)，他們的積蓄被用完(use up)了。draw up起草，(車輛)停下；back up支持；keep up保持，繼續(xù)。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,37.A.mild Bmon C.preventable D.serious,解析由空前的“to make matters worse”(更糟糕的是)及后文的提示“only pain relief”可知Moth被診斷出得了重(serious)病。mild溫和的，輕微的；mon常見的；preventable可預(yù)防的。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,38.A.cure B.luck C.care D.promise,解析由空后的“only pain relief”可知，此處是說該病無法治愈(cure)。luck運(yùn)氣，好運(yùn)；care關(guān)懷，照料；promise許諾，答應(yīng)。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,39.A.business B.walking C.bus D.rail,解析由空后的hikers可知是徒步旅行，故選walking。business商業(yè)；bus公共汽車；rail鐵路。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,40.A.expected B.frightening C.disappointing D.surprising,解析由下文可知這次徒步旅行收到了驚人的(surprising)康復(fù)效果。expected預(yù)期的；frightening嚇人的；disappointing令人失望的。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,41.A.budget B.revenue Cpensation D.allowance,解析空前提到，他們只有320英鎊，空后提到他們以煮面條為食，由此可知他們計(jì)劃保持低預(yù)算(budget)。revenue稅收，收益；pensation補(bǔ)償費(fèi)，賠償金；allowance津貼，零用錢。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,42.A.frequent B.occasional C.abundant D.constant,解析因?yàn)轭A(yù)算低，他們只能靠煮面條過活，偶爾(occasional)去漢堡店款待一下自己?？蘸蟮膖reat是名詞，有“款待”之意。因?yàn)轭A(yù)算低，所以去漢堡店不可能是frequent“頻繁的”、abundant“充足的”或constant“經(jīng)常的”。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,43.A.unpopular B.lawful C.attractive D.illegal,解析由下文的“To avoid being caught”(避免被抓)可知，在英國，野外宿營是非法的(illegal)。unpopular不流行的；lawful合法的；attractive吸引人的。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,44.A.soon B.early C.late D.slowly,解析為了避免被抓，他們只好很晚(late)才撐起帳篷并且一早就把帳篷收起來。顯然，該空與early相對，只能選late。soon快，不久；early早；slowly緩慢地。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,45.A.harder B.easier C.cheaper D.funnier,解析根據(jù)常識及下文的Raynor渾身疼痛可知夫妻倆很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們在50多歲時(shí)的徒步旅行比記憶中20多歲時(shí)的徒步旅行艱難多了(harder)。easier更容易的；cheaper更便宜的；funnier更有趣的。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,46.A.rolled B.bled C.ached D.trembled,解析通讀上下文可知，夫妻倆都50多歲了，每天徒步旅行，Raynor渾身疼痛(ache all over)，想洗個(gè)澡。roll滾動；bleed流血；tremble顫抖。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,47.A.struggle B.progress C.excitement D.research,解析上文提到Moth得了重病，所以旅行開始時(shí)他一定是痛苦的，故選struggle“掙扎”。progress進(jìn)步；excitement興奮；research研究，調(diào)查。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,48.A.developed B.controlled C.reduced D.increased,解析由空前的strangely(奇怪地)及下一段中的“their bodies turned for the better”(他們的身體好轉(zhuǎn)了)可知Moth的癥狀減輕(reduce)了。develop發(fā)展，成長；control控制；increase增加。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,49.A.Initially B.Eventually C.Temporarily D.Consequently,解析最后(eventually)，夫妻倆發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的身體都有所好轉(zhuǎn)。initially最初；temporarily臨時(shí)地；consequently因此，所以。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,50.A.gained B.kept C.wounded D.lost,解析夫妻倆身體好轉(zhuǎn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)本以為永遠(yuǎn)消失(lose)了的強(qiáng)壯肌肉重新出現(xiàn)了。gain獲得；keep保持；wound使受傷。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,51.A.sewn B.washed C.worn D.ironed,解析由空前描述的“頭發(fā)干枯脫落，指甲斷裂”可知該空是說衣服被磨損(wear)成線。sew縫；wash洗；iron熨。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,52.A.Doctors B.Hiking C.Lawyers D.Homelessness,解析通讀上下文可知，把她所有物質(zhì)的東西都帶走的不可能是“醫(yī)生”“徒步旅行”或“律師”，而應(yīng)是無家可歸(homelessness)。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,53.A.well B.partly C.neatly D.originally,解析句意為：無家可歸帶走了我所有物質(zhì)的東西，我被撕得支離破碎，在人生這本已經(jīng)寫完一部分的書的最后留下空白的一頁。Raynor把自己目前的人生比作已經(jīng)寫完一部分的書(partly written book)。well written寫得好；neatly written寫得整潔；originally written原創(chuàng)的。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,54.A.choice B.reward C.promise D.break,解析由空后的either.or.及最后一句“I chose hope.(我選擇了希望)”可知該處意為“它也給了我一個(gè)選擇(choice)”。reward獎賞，報(bào)酬；promise承諾；break間歇。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,55.A.loose B.full C.blank D.missing,解析上文的“an empty page”提示該空填blank(空白的)。給Raynor的選擇是“或者留著那頁空白或者帶著希望繼續(xù)寫故事”。loose松的；full滿的；missing丟失的。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,名師點(diǎn)津,一、題型解讀 記敘文完形填空可分為敘事和記人兩種形式，它們有幾個(gè)顯著的特點(diǎn)：以一般過去時(shí)為主，其他時(shí)態(tài)為輔；大量使用動詞；適當(dāng)出現(xiàn)直接引語。 二、解題技巧 1.抓住文章中心。 中心思想是文章的靈魂和統(tǒng)帥，其他的寫作要素都緊緊圍繞這一中心進(jìn)行。 抓住中心有助于明確做題方向，提高針對性。,2.明確敘述角度。 通常記敘文有兩大敘述角度：第一人稱和第三人稱。 第一人稱就是從“自我參與”的角度進(jìn)行敘述，考生可從字里行間讀出作者對人物、事件或景色的情感態(tài)度。 第三人稱就是從“旁觀者”的角度客觀地記人、敘事、狀物。 在做題時(shí)考生可采用“角色滲透法”，即假設(shè)自己就是文中的角色會有什么感受、做出怎樣的選擇等，這樣有助于走進(jìn)作者的思維，深入理解文章的含義。 3.理清寫作順序。 根據(jù)寫作的需要作者往往采用順敘、倒敘或插敘等方法進(jìn)行敘述。 理清這些線索有助于了解事情發(fā)展的來龍去脈，從而更迅速、準(zhǔn)確地理解文意。,4.明確寫作要素。 包括事情發(fā)生的時(shí)間(when)、地點(diǎn)(where)、事件的內(nèi)容(what)、人物(who)、原因(why)等。 弄清了這些要素也就基本上抓住了文章的主體，理解了整篇文章。 5.洞悉寫作目的。 同學(xué)們要知道就事論事絕不是記敘文的最終目的，而最終目的是借助敘事來闡明一個(gè)道理，給人以啟迪或教益。 因此，只有在分析具體情節(jié)的基礎(chǔ)上認(rèn)真體會文字背后的東西才能洞悉作者的寫作目的，抓住文章的主題。,隨堂限時(shí)練,(2018山東德州二模) A few days ago，I 6observed a teenager doing yardwork that his dad had told him to do.Instead of doing the task 1 ，he wandered around there for hours， 2 to himself and doing a bad job. The person he hurt the most was himself.His dad was trying to teach him 3 and how to do a good job.As a result of his 4 attitude，he spent the whole afternoon finishing a task that should have taken one or two hours.And the yard 5 wasnt clean enough when he got through.,He 6 his day because of his attitude.And his dad was 7 with him，and the boy s bad mood ended up 8 the whole family that day. A sweet lady was working in a fast-food 9 .The minute I walked in，she weled me 10 .She smiled as she took my 7order，and then as we 11 for the food，she talked with me.As I walked off with my 1tray，she said with a big 12 ，“I hope you have a 2blessed day！” I think the food tasted better because of her 13 .There was a delay，during which I sat there hearing her singing as she 14 her tasks behind the counter.,She wasnt making a large salary，and she didnt have a powerful 15 ，either.In addition，she stood on her feet for a long shift each day，often dealing with 16 customers.But she chose to be joyful. I want to 17 from her.I want to do my best，even when theres no 18 or 3glory.Other people are watching me 19 I might not realize it at the time.I want to bring joy to all those around me.A(n) 20 can make a great difference.,語篇解讀,語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文，文章通過對比一個(gè)小男孩與一個(gè)餐廳女服務(wù)員對自己做的事情的不同態(tài)度，以及所帶來的不同結(jié)果，作者告訴我們一種積極的態(tài)度可以給人帶來很大的快樂。,1.A.gradually B.happily C.secretly D.silently,解析gradually漸漸地；happily高興地；secretly秘密地；silently沉默地。根據(jù)本段最后“doing a bad job”可知，小男孩不是開心地做這項(xiàng)工作，而是在那里逛了幾個(gè)小時(shí)，自我抱怨，工作也干得不好。故選B。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,2.A.responding B.applying C.explaining Dplaining,解析respond回應(yīng)；apply申請；explain解釋；plain抱怨。解析參見上題。故選D。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,3.A.goodness B.safety C.responsibility D.gardening,解析goodness善良；safety安全；responsibility責(zé)任；gardening園藝。根據(jù)“how to do a good job”可知，此處指他的父親教他要有責(zé)任。故選C。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,4.A.poor B.positive C.strange D.efficient,解析poor不好的，不佳的，惡劣的，貧窮的；positive積極的；strange奇怪的；efficient有效率的。根據(jù)后半句“he spent the whole afternoon finishing a task that should have taken one or two hours”可知，他做事的態(tài)度不好。故選A。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,5.A.almost B.even C.still D.ever,解析almost幾乎；even甚至；still仍然；ever曾經(jīng)。根據(jù)上文可知，當(dāng)他完成任務(wù)的時(shí)候，院子還不夠干凈。故選C。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,6.A.lost B.ruined C.perfected D.changed,解析lose失去；ruin毀掉；perfect使完美；change改變。根據(jù)上文“As a result of his attitude”可知，他的不好的態(tài)度毀掉了這一天。故選B。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,7.A.upset B.pleased C.impressed D.satisfied,解析upset煩惱的；pleased感到高興的；impressed印象深刻的；satisfied感到滿意的。他父親對他很生氣。be upset with sb. 對某人生氣。故選A。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,8.A.breaking B.benefiting C.affecting D.controlling,解析break破壞；benefit有利于；affect影響；control控制。那天這個(gè)男孩的壞心情影響了整個(gè)家庭。故選C。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,9.A.factory B.restaurant C.supermarket D.shop,解析factory工廠；restaurant餐廳；supermarket超市；shop商店。由下文“she took my order”可知，此處指，一位甜美的女士在一家快餐店工作。故選B。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,10.A.warmly B.proudly C.seriously D.coldly,解析warmly熱情地；proudly自豪地；seriously嚴(yán)肅地；coldly冷淡地。我一走進(jìn)來，她熱情地歡迎我。由后面的smiled也可知。故選A。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,11.A.looked B.asked C.waited D.struggled,解析look看；ask問；wait等待；struggle掙扎。由常識可知，點(diǎn)完菜后，自然要等待食物上來，故可知此處指我們在等飯菜時(shí)她和我交談。wait for等待。故選C。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,12.A.shout B.smile C.cheer D.decision,解析shout大喊；smile微笑；cheer歡呼；decision決定。當(dāng)我拿著我的托盤走的時(shí)候，她帶著一個(gè)大的微笑說：“我希望你有一個(gè)幸福的日子！” with a simle微笑著。故選B。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,13.A.experience B.trust C.courage D.kindness,解析experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；trust信任；courage勇氣；kindness善良。根據(jù)上文“She smiled as she took my order，and then as we for the food，she talked with me.”可知，這個(gè)女服務(wù)員很善良。故選D。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,14.A.performed B.started C.discovered D.planned,解析perform做，履行，執(zhí)行；start開始；discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；plan計(jì)劃。我在逗留期間，聽見她在柜臺后面邊工作邊唱歌。perform ones task執(zhí)行任務(wù)，做工作。故選A。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,15.A.appearance B.4motivation C.position D.effort,解析appearance外表；motivation動機(jī)，積極性，推動；position位置；effort努力。她沒有高薪水，也沒有強(qiáng)有力的職位。故選C。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,16.A.ordinary B.painful C.important D.difficult,解析ordinary普通的；painful痛苦的；important重要的；difficult困難的。此外，她每天都站著做長時(shí)間的輪班，經(jīng)常和難纏的顧客打交道。但她選擇了快樂。故選D。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,17.A.escape B.learn C.hear D.differ,解析escape逃脫；learn學(xué)習(xí)；hear聽見；differ不同。我想向她學(xué)習(xí)。learn from向?qū)W習(xí)。故選B。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,18.A.applause B.regret C.sadness D.forgiveness,解析applause歡呼；regret遺憾；sadness傷心；forgiveness寬恕。即使沒有掌聲和榮耀，我也要盡我最大的努力。故選A。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,19.A.5now that B.in case C.even though D.as if,解析now that既然；in case萬一；even though即使；as if好像。其他人都在看著我，盡管我當(dāng)時(shí)可能沒有意識到這一點(diǎn)。由句意可知，此處是even though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。故選C。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,20.A.lifestyle B.attitude C.habit D.attempt,解析lifestyle生活方式；attitude態(tài)度；habit習(xí)慣；attempt企圖。由全文語境可知，一種態(tài)度可以起很大的作用。故選B。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,素材提煉再拓展,做完以上完形后，巧妙運(yùn)用語境，解決障礙詞和長難句,.障礙詞匯突破 (一)閱讀下列句子，并根據(jù)句意猜測畫線部分的意思 1. A tray is a flat piece of wood，plastic，or metal，which usually has raised edges and which is used for carrying things，especially food and drinks._ 2.I will be forever grateful for，and feel blessed by these treasures. _ 3.Glory is the fame and admiration that you gain by doing something impressive._,托盤,幸福的,光榮，榮耀,4.Your motivation for doing something is what causes you to want to do it. _ (二)同義詞語替換 5.Now that were in Europe we ought to visit the Netherlands. _ (三)一詞多義 6.observe慶祝；觀察；遵守 (1)Someone who doesnt observe traffic regulations will sweat. _ (2)Take some time and observe how you value yourself and what you do._ (3)Tom has returned to his hometown where he will observe Thanksgiving with family members. _,動機(jī),since,遵守,觀察,慶祝,7.order n.命令；條理，順序；規(guī)則；貿(mào)易訂單；vt.命令；整理；定購；點(diǎn)食物/飲料 (1)The general gave the order to advance. _ (2)Get your ideas into some sort of order before beginning to write. _ (3)The policeman ordered the drunken man out of the shop. _ (4)He ordered a book from the publisher. _ (5)They got into a restaurant and asked for a menu to order their meal. _,命令,條理，順序,命令,點(diǎn)食物/飲料,定購,.長難句理解 1.As a result of his poor attitude，he spent the whole afternoon finishing a task that should have taken one or two hours. 句式分析本句話是復(fù)合句，主句是he spent the whole afternoon finishing a task，為 結(jié)構(gòu)；that should have taken one or two hours是 從句，修飾 。 精美譯文_ _,由于他惡劣的態(tài)度，他花了一整個(gè)下午才完成本該一兩個(gè)小時(shí)就能完成的任務(wù)。,主謂賓,定語,a task,2.There was a delay，during which I sat there hearing her singing as she performed her tasks behind the counter. 句式分析本句話是復(fù)合句，主句是There was a delay；during which I sat there hearing her singing as she performed her tasks behind the counter是“介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的 從句，在從句中hearing.作伴隨狀語，singing作賓補(bǔ)；as she performed her tasks behind the counter是 從句。 精美譯文_,我在逗留期間，聽到她在柜臺后面邊干活邊唱歌。,時(shí)間狀語,定語,