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1、(人教PEP)六年級科學(xué)下冊課件,期末總復(fù)習(xí),PEP小學(xué)英語語法要點,一、 一般現(xiàn)在時: 1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。 如:The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。He is a boy 他是個男孩 she has long hair .她有長頭發(fā) 2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六點起床。一般的時間詞有:often , sometimes ,everyday ,usually,一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成 1. be動詞:主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一個男孩。He is a student .
2、他是一個學(xué)生 2.行為動詞:主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如:We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。 當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時,要在動詞后加-s或-es。如:Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。,一般現(xiàn)在時的變化 1. be動詞的變化。否定句:主語+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑問句:Be +主語+其它。如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句。如:Where is my bike? 2.行為動詞的變化。否
3、定句:主語+ dont( doesnt ) +動詞原形(+其它)。如:I dont like bread.,當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時,要用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。 如:He doesnt often play. 一般疑問句:Do( Does ) +主語+動詞原形+其它。如:- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時,要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。 如:- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句
4、。如:How does your father go to work?,動詞+s的變化規(guī)則 1一般情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:study-studies,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作,也可表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。He is taking pictures. 2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動詞i
5、ng. The monkey is swinging. She is cooking dinner . he is doing his homework,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的否定句在be后加not。She is not taking pictures. He isnt climbing moutains.4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。Is he reading a book? Is the rabbit running ? 5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:疑問詞不達(dá)意 + be + 主語 + 動詞ing? 但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)為:問詞不達(dá)意 + be + 動詞ing?,動詞加ing
6、的變化規(guī)則 1一般情況下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking 2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting take-taking 3如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母,雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping swim-swimming,將來時理論 一、 概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)this
7、morning , this afternoon , this evening等。 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu):be going to + do;wuyifan is going to visit his grandparents next weekend . amy is going to climb mountains tomorrow. will+ do. He will go shopping this afternoon. He will go to shanghai next month .,三、否定句:在be動詞(am, is, are)l后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成wont。 一
8、般過去時1一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作感謝。如:yesterday ,last( weekend ,month ,year) be used to 2Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化:am 和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。(was not=wasnt) are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。(were not=werent),帶有was或were的句子,其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子
9、否定句:didnt +動詞原形,如:Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑問句:在句首加did,句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑問句:疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形? 如: What did Jim do yesterday?疑問詞當(dāng)主語時:疑問詞+動詞過去式? 如:Who went to home yesterday?,動詞過去式變化規(guī)則:1一般在動詞末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2結(jié)尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted3末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀
10、閉音節(jié),應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped4以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的,變y為i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied,5不規(guī)則動詞過去式:am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-fle
11、w, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat teach-taught feel felt,形容詞比較級復(fù)習(xí)1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用:兩個事物或人的比較用比較級,比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a little 來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格)。,2形容詞加er的規(guī)則:一般在詞尾加er ;short-shorter small-smaller 以字母e 結(jié)尾,加r ;fine-finer late-later以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結(jié)尾,應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母
12、,再加er ;big-bigger thin-thinner fat-fatter 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,先把y變i,再加er 。easy-easier heavy-heavier early-earlier 3不規(guī)則形容詞比較級:good-better, beautiful-more beautiful,There be 句型與have, has的區(qū)別1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人) 2、在there be 句型中,主語是單數(shù),be 動詞用is ; 主語是復(fù)數(shù),be 動詞用are ; 如有幾件物品,be 動詞根據(jù)最*近be 動詞的那個名詞決定。3、there be 句型
13、的否定句在be 動詞后加not , 一般疑問句把be 動詞調(diào)到句首。 4、there be句型與have(has) 的區(qū)別:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人擁有某物。5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運用:some 用于肯定句, any 用于否定句或疑問句。,4、特殊疑問句:以特殊疑問詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導(dǎo)的句子。此類句子應(yīng)該問什么就答什么,不能用“yes 、no”來回答。如: What is this? Its a comput
14、er. What does he do? Hes a doctor. Where are you going? Im going to Beijing. Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.,Which season do you like best? Summer. When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30. Whose skirt is this? Its Amys. Why do you like spring best?
15、 Because I can plant trees. How are you? Im fine. / Im happy. How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.,其中how又可以和其他一些形容詞連用組成特殊疑問詞組用來提問,如: how many(多少(數(shù)量)), how much(多少(錢)), how tall(多高), how long(多長), how big(多大), how heavy(多重) 例句:How many pencils do you have? I have t
16、hree pencils. How many girls can you see? I can see four girls. How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.,heavy tall long much many big far often (1) How is the Yellow River? (2) How is Mr Green? Hes 175cm. (3) How are your feet? I wear size 18. (4) How is the wh
17、ite T-shirt? Its 100 yuan. (5) How apples are there in the bag? There are 5. (6) How is the fish? Its 2kg.,四、根據(jù)答句寫出問句 (1) Im 160 cm. (2) Im 12 years old. (3) My shoes are 80 yuan. (4) Amys hair is 30 cm long. (5) I have three English books.,時
18、間介詞at,on,in的用法 1at用在具體的時刻和中午前面。 如:at 6:00, at seven thirty, at noon 2on用在具體星期、日期前面。 如:on Monday, on September 1st 3in 用在年、月、季節(jié)或早上、下午、晚上的前面。 如:in 2008, in February, in spring, in the morning,特殊疑問詞 what 什么 where 哪里 who 誰 whose 誰的 when 什么時候 how 怎樣 which 哪一個 what colour 什么顏色what day 星期幾 what date 日
19、期 what class 什么班 why 為什么 what time 什么時候 how many 多少 what subject 什么科目 how much 多少錢 how often 多經(jīng)常 how long 多長時間 how old 多大 how tall 多高 how heavy 多重,四,特殊疑問詞。 問什么What 問哪里Where 問怎么樣How 問什么顏色What colour 問哪一個Which 問星期幾What day 問誰Who 問什么國家What country 問什么日期What date 問誰的Whose 問多久How long 問什么語言What language 問為什么Why 問什么科目What subject 問什么形狀What shape 問多少How many 問什么城市What city 問多少錢How much 問多少歲How old問什么時候What time 問多經(jīng)常How often 問多高How tall 問什么時候When 問多重How heavy 問什么季節(jié)What season問什么動物What animal(s),