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英文原文
The Technical Situation and Development Trend of Electrical Haulage Shearers
Abstract： In this paper，the technical development history and technical situation of electrical haulage shearersfor thin seam of China are reviewed，and the main technical parameters，general structure，serialization anddevelopment trend of such sheares are introduced．
Keywords： thin seam；shearer；electrical haulage；multi—motor driving；transverse arrangement
German Eickhoff company and American JOY company, the mid 70's in 20 centuries develops a direct current to lead to adopt coal machine one after another.Henceforth, each mainly adopted coal machine a research a manufacturing a company to all lead to adopt coal machine to carry on to the electricity in the world a great deal of of study a development.80The age expected to appear alternate current to lead to adopt coal machine behind.90Age, the big power electricity which develops to gather electronics, micro-electronics, information management and calculator intelligence technique in the integral whole leads to adopt coal machine, like the LS series of American JOY company, British Long-Airdox the Electra, SL series of the company, the EDW, SL series of German Eickhof company, three wells in Japan three pond creation the MCLE-DR of series etc. the electricity lead to adopt coal machine.The electricity leads to adopt coal machine good and dependable sex with its function parameter Gao, automation degree Gao, operation convenience, supervision protection and examination the function perfect and economic performance Gao Deng3's advantage be quickly expanded an usage.
1 The foreign electricity leads long to adopt the coal machine development general situation
1.1German Eickhof company
After 1976 developped successful direct current to lead to adopt coal machine, it was basic to stopped a liquid to press to lead a development research of adopt the coal machine and continuously developped various form electricities to lead to adopt coal machine.90The SL series that the age develop is horizontal to arrange the alternate current lead to adopt coal machine, cut to mow electrical engineering to arrange in shaking arm.Among them, the S type electricity leads to adopt coal machine to pack machine power to reach to one 580 kWs, biggest lead dint 998 LSOkNs.SL300 type electricity leads to adopt coal machine to always pack machine power one 018 kWs, the adoption double change once the Pin machine drag along one system, biggest lead speed to reach to 54.5 ms/rai system the system have to hand over with each other a type a person the machine dialogue, equipments healthily forecasts, the on-line control, data deliver etc. function.
1.2 :British Long-Airdox company
After 1984 developped success the first set cut to mow electrical engineering to arrange at many decorations with horizontal electrical engineerings of shake the arms get Electra550 type direct current led to adopt coal machine, at its foundation top enlargement power, and then develop into an Electra1000 type direct current to lead to adopt coal machine.90Age, on the model foundation of the Electra series, enlargement power, the improvement controls system, developped EL series alternate current to lead to adopt coal machine and the main model contains EL600, EL1000, EL1500, EL3000 type.At EL series model up equip of the Impact integrate protection and supervise and control system and have burden to control, machine supervision, adopt coal machine to automatically position, automatically key up, district control, the intelligence turn safe catena and random break down diagnosis, data to deliver etc. function.
1.3American JOY company
2070's in century's developping successfully a 1 ls many electrical engineerings is successfullyhorizontal to arrange the direct current after lead adopt coal machine continuously developped a 2 IS ISs-7s again etc. type many electrical engineerings are horizontal to arrange the direct current lead to adopt coal machine.71.55 adopt the coal machine total power one 940 kWs, lead the speed 30 ms/min.Adopt a strong dint sells a track to have no chain to lead system, the enlargement chain track stanza is apart from with width, and adopt a forging to sell a row;Equip and 6 LS5 type the in general use JNA machine carry calculator information center and have person's machine communication interface, break down diagnosis sketch to show and store, wireless control from a distance, lead functions such as control and protection etc..
1.4 Japan
1987The year continuously develops to succeed various series alternate current of the MCLE-DR which mow electrical engineering to lengthways set outs to lead to adopt coal machine behind and developped to cut many electrical engineering alternate currents of mow the electrical engineering horizontal decorations to lead to adopt coal machine again for the last few years.Adopt the coal machine has tiny machine work condition a monitor and breaks down diagnosis system, can the numerical manifestation lead speed, roller position, stay a bottom coal thickness, electrical engineering load and everywhere temperature, have wireless remote control, and can add infrared ray shoot the machine manipulate a liquid to press a support.
1.5 Poland the KOMAG mine for minerals a mechanization research center
Poland continuously developped KSE in developping successful KSE a 344 thin coal seam alternate currents with Chinese cooperation to lead foundation of adopt the coal machine a 360, KSE a 700, KSE one 800 RWs/2 BPs, KSE a 535 Ss/2 BPs, KSE1000 type etc. alternate current lead to adopt coal machine.Adopt the coal machine cuts deeply from 630171111 raise 800-1000 mms.
1.6 Russia
The former Soviet Union 70's in 20 centuries develops a K128 Is-Is.The direct current after lead adopt coal machine develops to succeed various direct currents to lead to adopt coal machine one after another again.9The age of the o developped K a 8 etc. alternate currents to lead to adopt coal machine.Every consider, the electricity of Russia leads to adopt coal machine power smaller, the direct current lead and the function parameter is lower.
2 The local electricity leads to adopt the coal machine development general situation
In recent years.The our country electricity led to adopt develop of coal machine to obtain a substantial progress with development, carry on two developments in digesting to absorb abroad to usher in to adopt the coal machine technical foundation and owned many have an independent intelligent property right of change a product, at our country coal mine comprehensive the mechanization adopt coal work noodles, coal science studies total Shanghai branch in the hospital and Poland cooperates, after the local initiative develop successful our country's first adoption exchanges change Pin adjust soon technical thin coal seam to climb scaleboard to adopt coal machine, branch in Shanghai again successively develop succeed cut to mow the alternate current that the electrical engineering lengthways sets out to lead to adopt coal machine and cut to mow electrical engineering horizontal set out of be applicable to in thick with the alternate current of thinner coal seam lead to adopt coal machine, and succeed applied at the Jin city, Huai south, Xu2 Zhou, big equal mineral duty bureau.
3 Technique characteristics and develop trend
3.1 pack machine power to enlarge.The function parameter raise
(1)The single set piece mows electrical engineering power all in the 400 kWs above.The most adopts the coal machine single set piece to mow electrical engineering power to already arrive 6 OO kW, the 7 LS5s adopts the coal machine single set piece to mow electrical engineering power to be up to 750 kWs.
(2)Lead power all above in the 80 kWs, biggest already 220 kWs.
(3)Always pack machine power more than one 000 kWs, reach to one 94 OkWs such as the 7 LS5s, the EL3000 always packs machine power as tallest as 2000 kWs.
(4)Lead speed and lead dint to significantly raise.Lead the speed l 5-25 ms/min, lead the dint 500 kNs above.Biggest lead speed 54.5 ms/rain(SL300), biggest lead dint 998 kNs.
(5)Cut to mow power aggrandizement, the support random pays to protect of realization, the enlargement roller cuts deeply.The l is 0 year agos and cut deeply mostly is a 630-700 Inll1s, widespread now adopt 1000-1200 Zis to cut deeply, separately attain 1500 Infnses to cut deeply.
(6)The exaltation adopts the coal machine credibility with can utilization.The abroad adopts coal machine a dollar a parts a design life span:The wheel gear 12500 hs, the bearings is 20000-30000 hses, the electrical engineering insulates the life span 44000 hs, and the roller adopts coal 640,000 ts.Adopt coal machine to greatly fix a period for 2 years, the coal measure 300-5,000,000 ts.Our country requests that adopting coal machine coal measures a 150-2,000,000 ts but not and greatly fixs, the margin is very big.
3.2 medium high pressure power supplies
Along with adopt coal machine to pack the machine power significant exaltation, the work noodles continuously lengthens, the whole work noodles capacity works over the 5000 kWs the noodles length attain 300 ms.In order to reduce power line road to exhaust, quality and electrical engineering function of the exaltation power supply, high pressure power supply in the widespread adoption.The main power supply grade has a 2300, 3300, 4160 and 5000 V etc..
3.3 supervisions protection system intelligence turn
The modern electricity leads to adopt the intelligence that the coal machine all has establishment in the microprocessor foundation to turn supervision, monitor and protection system, can carry out to hand over with each other type person machine dialogue, wireless control from a distance, the work condition monitor and appearance show, the data collect to save and deliver, health(break down) diagnosis and with early warning, auto control, automatically key up etc. various functions, adopt the coal machine maintenance quantity least by assurance, the utilization is the tallest, and can carry out to press a support with liquid and work the noodles transport the information of machine to hand over with each other with allied move a control etc. function.Such as Anne virtuous Sen company EL series the model up equips Impac:The t integrates protection and supervision system, the Eichhof of the Eichhof company a data gathers together technique system, the JOY company 6 LS type the electricity lead the JNA network information center of adopt the coal machine etc..
Supervise and control protection system intelligence to turn main function:
(1)Load the control passes the monitor that the piece mows electrical engineering electric current, adjust to adopt lead of coal machine speed and make to adopt coal machine under the different work condition with superior turn of the parameter carry on a work and promise to spread to move system to don't easily be continuously pounded at influence;
(2)Work noodles fixed position control's identifying to adopt coal machine is work the position of noodles, automatically decelerate in the machine head, machine tail with stop, match with a realization auto with support to random move;
(3)Transport machine with work noodles allied machine burden the control pass a burden monitor of transport the machine to regulate to adopt the adopt of coal machine amount of coal and make to adopt coal machine and transport the production ability of machine to match mutually;
(4)Automatically keying up a control will have the coal rock boundary of certain resolution to identify to spread a feeling machine to combine a calculator control and constitute a coal rock boundary to spread feeling device and coal rock boundary to identify system.Have already apply to physically or just be placed in research at the production currently with experiment the coal rock of stage identify a method and analytical the system mainly have:Remember the intelligence distance control, the analytical and natural D of the vibration frequency chart shoot line, measure dint to cut Chi, radioisotope, Zao voice the infrared ray, radar probe into etc..Remember an intelligence distance to control a coal rock boundary to identify and control system among them an application at most is what foreign main model adopt to automatically key up a technique currently in actually the production.But radar's probing into a technique to be think be a kind of coal rock boundary which have application foreground most
Identify a method;
(5)Circulate appearance supervision and manifestation adopts coal machine a data to collect system
Can collect machine parameter:If the Eickhof company SL series adopts coal machine a material to have MICOS68 mineralses to use tiny machine system, main course 10 single submenus include to adopt coal luck to go appearance;Automatically manipulate;Cut to mow a parameter;Lead a parameter, liquid presses system parameter, each examination to order temperature, each electric motor electric current;Water measure, water pressure;Control system soft, hardware model number;Diagnosis, early warning(password) etc., the most protection item can hand over a way to with each other shield through person's machine;
(6)The data deliver, agreeable slot control and ground supervision's adopting the coal machine long range communication and work noodles concentration a control technique be the marking of modern mineral well.
(7)Expert system and breakdown diagnose data and information from the examination and movement parameter of the supervision, function with former machine maintenance, usage the circumstance carry on a comparison, carry on diagnosis to the healthy movement of machine, can also to particular mistake and recommend the project provide risk valuation.
3.4 electricities lead system to adjust to soon develop toward the exchanges
The electricity leads to adopt a lead of coal machine's method to press the type of lead the electrical engineering and can is divided into direct current to lead and communicates to lead.The electricity in earlier period leads to adopt coal machine to mostly adopt direct current to adjust soon system.Develop success from the mid 80's of Japan 20 centuries the first set alternate current lead to adopt coal machine and communicate that adjusting soon system is advanced with its technique, dependable sex Gao, the maintenance manage in brief, the price cheap etc. advantage, drive quick expansion application.9The big power electricity expected to develop behind in the age of the o lead
3.6 have no chain to lead toward the wheel gear one Chi track the type turn into
Along with lead continuously enlarge of the dint, sell a round one Chi track type's having no chain to lead have already eliminate, wheel gear one chain track type's having no chain to lead have already not much use as well, now adopt coal machine have no the chain lead to just and gradually incline toward adoption wheel gear one Chi track type have no the chain lead, this is 1 kind from the wheel gear on selling a track type to turn in to since then have no chain to lead structure, cylinder's sell is replace by the Chi track and weld structure to change whole nicety cast or forge, the width enlarge, the stanza is apart from to increase to°from the 125 mms l 75 mms.
4 The local electricity leads to adopt the coal machine research contents
The local electricity leads to adopt coal machine a representative model and foreign electricity to lead to adopt coal machine to compare and have already near in the total parameter function foreign 20 centuries age initial stage of 9 o level.But some key partses and it the total function, function, orientation scope...etc. still treat further perfect with raise.Particularly on-line work condition monitor, breakdown diagnosis and forecast, the signal deliver and adopt coal machine to automatically control, spread a feeling machine etc. the intelligence turn technique and abroad to compare to still have a bigger margin.
As a result the local electricity leads intelligence of adopt the coal machine to turn degree low, the equipments credibility, safety with can support sex worse, the local electricity will lead to adopt coal machine from now on
Main research contents is as follows:
(1)Further perfect communicate with exaltation change the Pin adjust soon credibility of lead the system.The point is perfect and raises system device of anti- earthquake, spread hot and defend tide etc. function;
(2)The research dependable tiny machine electricity controls system.Point is the exaltation adopts coal machine the electricity controls the system anti- interference, anti- hot effect of ability;
(3)Development or to build up the electricity control the supervision function of system.Point is the research breaks down diagnosis and expert system, the works condition monitor, manifestation and information to deliver system and work the noodles adopt coal machine to automatically circulate control system and change from the orientation Pin electric circuit of electric leakage examination and protection technique, shake arm to automatically key up system etc.;
(4)Development can the mineral of four quadrant movements use to communicate change the Pin adjust to soon equip.Make to adopt coal function to adapt the demand that bigger Qing Cape coal seam mine;
(5)The development packs machine power to largerly adopt coal machine, the exaltation adopts coal machine can the research of utilization and life span;
(6)The research that the electric appliances component is small scaled to turn.In order to packing machine power to enlarge, electric motor, transformer, change Pin machine etc. the physical volume of the equipments also corresponds aggrandizement, for satisfy whole the machine structure arrange tightly packed of request, have to study an equipments small scaled turn of technique path.
中文譯文
電牽引采煤機(jī)的技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢
現(xiàn)
摘 要： 本文介紹了我國薄煤層電牽引采煤機(jī)的技術(shù)發(fā)展歷史和現(xiàn)狀，重點(diǎn)介紹薄煤層電牽引采煤機(jī)的主要技術(shù)參數(shù)、總體結(jié)構(gòu)、系列化及其發(fā)展趨勢。
關(guān)鍵詞： 薄煤層；采煤機(jī)；電牽引；多電機(jī)驅(qū)動；橫向布置
德國Eickhoff公司和美國JOY公司，20世紀(jì)70年代中期相繼研制出直流電牽引采煤機(jī)。此后，世界上各主要采煤機(jī)研究制造公司均對電牽引采煤機(jī)進(jìn)行了大量的研究開發(fā)。80年代后期出現(xiàn)了交流電牽引采煤機(jī)。90年代，開發(fā)出集電子、微電子、信息管理以及計(jì)算機(jī)智能技術(shù)于一體的大功率電牽引采煤機(jī)，如美國JOY公司的LS系列、英國Long-Airdox公司的Electra、SL系列，德國Eickhof公司的EDW、SL系列， 日本三井三池制作所的MCLE—DR系列等電牽引采煤機(jī)。電牽引采煤機(jī)以其性能參數(shù)優(yōu)良、可靠性高、自動化程度高、操作方便、監(jiān)控保護(hù)及檢測功能完善、經(jīng)濟(jì)效益高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)被迅速推廣使用。
1 國外電牽采煤機(jī)發(fā)展概況
1.1德國Eickhof公司
自1976年研制成功直流電牽引采煤機(jī)后，基本停止了液壓牽引采煤機(jī)的開發(fā)研究，陸續(xù)開發(fā)了多種形式電牽引采煤機(jī)。90年代開發(fā)的SL系列橫向布置交流電牽引采煤機(jī)，將截割電機(jī)布置在搖臂上。其中S型電牽引采煤機(jī)裝機(jī)功率達(dá)1 580kW，最大牽引力998LSOkN。SL300型電牽引采煤機(jī)總裝機(jī)功率1 018 kW，采用雙變頻器一拖一系統(tǒng)，最大牽引速度達(dá)54．5m／rai制系統(tǒng)具有交互式人機(jī)對話、設(shè)備健康預(yù)報(bào)、在線控制、數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)裙δ堋?
1.2 ：英國Long—Airdox公司
自1984年研制成功第一臺將截割電機(jī)布置在搖臂上的多電機(jī)橫向布置得Electra550型直流電牽引采煤機(jī)后，在其基礎(chǔ)上加大功率，又研制成Electra1000型直流電牽引采煤機(jī)。90年代，在Electra系列機(jī)型基礎(chǔ)上，加大功率，改進(jìn)控制系統(tǒng)，開發(fā)了EL系列交流電牽引采煤機(jī)，主要機(jī)型有EL600、EL1000、EL1500、EL3000型。在EL系列機(jī)型上裝置的Impact集成保護(hù)及監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，具有負(fù)荷控制、機(jī)器監(jiān)控、采煤機(jī)自動定位、自動調(diào)高、區(qū)域控制、智能化安全連鎖、隨機(jī)故障診斷、數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)裙δ堋?
1.3美國JOY公司
20世紀(jì)70年代研制成功1ls多電機(jī)橫向布置直流電牽引采煤機(jī)后，又陸續(xù)研制了2IS-7IS等型多電機(jī)橫向布置直流電牽引采煤機(jī)。71．55采煤機(jī)總功率1 940kW， 牽引速度30m／min。采用JOYUltratmc2000型強(qiáng)力銷軌無鏈牽引系統(tǒng)，加大鏈軌節(jié)距和寬度，并采用鍛造銷排；裝備了與6LS5型通用的JNA機(jī)載計(jì)算機(jī)信息中心，具有人機(jī)通訊界面、故障診斷圖形顯示和儲存、無線電遙控、牽引控制和保護(hù)等功能。
1.4 日本
1987年后陸續(xù)研制成功多種截割電機(jī)縱向布置的MCLE—DR系列交流電牽引采煤機(jī)，近幾年又開發(fā)了截割電機(jī)橫向布置的多電機(jī)交流電牽引采煤機(jī)。采煤機(jī)裝有微機(jī)工況監(jiān)測及故障診斷系統(tǒng)，可數(shù)字顯示牽引速度、滾筒位置、留頂?shù)酌汉穸?、電機(jī)負(fù)載及各處溫度，具有無線遙控，并可加裝紅外線發(fā)射器操縱液壓支架。
1．5 波蘭KOMAG采礦機(jī)械化研究中心
波蘭在與中國合作研制成功KSE一344型薄煤層交流電牽引采煤機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)上，陸續(xù)開發(fā)了KSE一360、KSE一700、KSE一800RW／2BP、KSE一535S／2BP、KSE1000型等交流電牽引采煤機(jī)。采煤機(jī)截深由630 171111提高到800—1 000 mm.
1．6 俄羅斯
前蘇聯(lián)20世紀(jì)70年代研制出K128I-I．直流電牽引采煤機(jī)后，又相繼研制成功多種直流電牽引采煤機(jī)。9o年代開發(fā)了K一8國型等交流電牽引采煤機(jī)。總體來看，俄羅斯的電牽引采煤機(jī)功率較小，直流牽引，性能參數(shù)較低。
2 國內(nèi)電牽引采煤機(jī)發(fā)展概況
近年來。我國電牽引采煤機(jī)的研制和開發(fā)取得了長足的進(jìn)步，在消化吸收國外引進(jìn)采煤機(jī)技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)行二次開發(fā)，擁有了許多具有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的換代產(chǎn)品，在我國煤礦綜合機(jī)械化采煤工作面，國產(chǎn)采煤機(jī)已經(jīng)占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位， 完全采用國產(chǎn)裝備的高產(chǎn)高效工作面不斷涌現(xiàn)。1991年，煤炭科學(xué)研究總院上海分院與波蘭合作，在國內(nèi)率先研制成功我國第一臺采用交流變頻調(diào)速技術(shù)的薄煤層爬底板采煤機(jī)后，上海分院又先后研制成功了截割電機(jī)縱向布置的交流電牽引采煤機(jī)、截割電機(jī)橫向布置的適用于中厚和較薄煤層的交流電牽引采煤機(jī)，并成功應(yīng)用于晉城、淮南、徐州、大同等礦務(wù)局。
到目前為止，國內(nèi)各采煤機(jī)生產(chǎn)廠家均對交流電牽引采煤機(jī)進(jìn)行了大量的研究開發(fā)。上海分院研制的MG系列電牽引采煤機(jī)已形成9大系列共幾十個(gè)品種，現(xiàn)正在開發(fā)裝機(jī)總功率達(dá)l 800 kW 的交流電牽引采煤機(jī)； 太原礦山機(jī)器廠與上海分院合作， 將AM500液壓牽引采煤機(jī)改造成MG 375／830