6SX-320型葉菜清洗機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)研究【說明書+CAD】
6SX-320型葉菜清洗機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)研究【說明書+CAD】,說明書+CAD,6SX-320型葉菜清洗機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)研究【說明書+CAD】,sx,型葉菜,清洗,設(shè)計(jì),研究,鉆研,說明書,仿單,cad
畢業(yè)論文中文摘要
6SX-320型葉菜清洗機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)研究
摘 要 本文論述了研制自動(dòng)化連續(xù)型葉菜清洗機(jī)的必要性和可行性。葉類蔬菜表面殘存有塵土、有機(jī)肥、及殘存的化學(xué)農(nóng)藥、微生物等，且葉類蔬菜本身比較嫩脆，容易折斷壓潰，我們針對(duì)葉狀類蔬菜的特點(diǎn)，設(shè)計(jì)了6SX-320型葉狀類蔬菜清洗機(jī)，并介紹了其工藝流程和整體結(jié)構(gòu)。6SX-320型葉狀類蔬菜清洗機(jī)的工藝流程為浸泡清洗 -- 噴淋清洗 -- 超聲波凈洗 -- 出菜。
利用高于20KHZ的超音頻電能的超聲波，能通過換能器轉(zhuǎn)換成高頻機(jī)械振蕩而傳入到清洗液中。超聲波在清洗液中疏密地向前輻射，使液體移動(dòng)，并產(chǎn)生數(shù)萬計(jì)的微小氣泡，這些氣泡在超聲波縱向傳播的負(fù)壓區(qū)形成、生產(chǎn)、迅速閉合稱為空化現(xiàn)象。在空化現(xiàn)象中氣泡閉合時(shí)形成超過1000個(gè)大氣壓的瞬時(shí)高壓，連續(xù)不斷產(chǎn)生的瞬時(shí)高壓就像一連串小爆炸不斷地轟擊物體表面，使物體表面及縫隙中污垢迅速剝落，這種空化侵蝕作用就是超聲波清洗的基本原理。
關(guān)鍵詞 自動(dòng)化 浸泡 噴淋 超聲波清洗 水處理
畢業(yè)論文外文摘要
The Design Study about The 6SX-320-type washing
Machine for Vegetable
Abstract
This article discusses the development of automated continuous washing machine leafy vegetables need and feasibility. The surface of the leaf type vegetables remains to have dust, orangic fat. Chomical agriculture chemical and microorganism. And it is fresh and flat, getting easy to be rolled over . We focused on the characteristics of phyllodes vegetables designed 6SX-320-type leaf-like vegetable washing machine, and presented the overall structure of the process. Model 6SX-320 rhizome type vegetables wash machine adopt cylinder. And the processes of the Model 6SX-320 leaf form type wash machine is immersion washing—spray washing—ultrasonic wave washing—bringing the vegetables out.
The height frequently effect ultrasonies which are more than 20 KHZ are translates the mechanical vibrational via the exchanged energy organ and transmitted into the intermedium.Nonstopped vibration of ultrasonic made the liquid moved forward in the intermedium and can give birth to ten thousands of little air bubble. It is called for around-the-clock that the air bubbles form, develop and shut up rapidly in the pressure region of the track of the ultrasonic moving. The opening of the air bubbles form one thousand of air pressure. The lash of the surface of cleaned object continuous and continuous which likes giving birth to dense explosion on the surface of cleaned object made the grease stain fabled off. The fun dametal is the theory of ultrasonic cleaning.
Keywords automize soak gush out and drench ultrasonic washing water treatment
山西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)工程技術(shù)學(xué)院專業(yè)綜合實(shí)習(xí)報(bào)告
Abstract
At modern social people the improvements of living standardses, and foreign trade the developments of cause, vegetables process day by day demand increase products day by day, This ask we want and break artificial to wash dish way a traditional one, realize automation and continuity who vegetables wash is by saving a large amount of manpower, material resources soon, Improve the competitiveness of the products.
This article discusses the development of automated continuous washing machine leafy vegetables need and feasibility. The surface of the leaf type vegetables remains to have dust, orangic fat. Chomical agriculture chemical and microorganism. And it is fresh and flat, getting easy to be rolled over . We focused on the characteristics of phyllodes vegetables designed 6SX-320-type leaf-like vegetable washing machine, and presented the overall structure of the process. Model 6SX-320 rhizome type vegetables wash machine adopt cylinder. And the processes of the Model 6SX-320 leaf form type wash machine is immersion washing—spray washing—ultrasonic wave washing—bringing the vegetables out.
Keywords The Device The Performance The Automation Immersion Spray The Ultrasonic Cleaning Water Treatment
The ltrasonic Cleaning: The basic principles and application
Ultrasonic cleaning machine mainly utilize air impacted effect height frequency and vibrational signal, which ultrasonic vibrational case produce，translate mechanical vibrational and transmit into the intermedium via the exchanged energy organ Ultrasonic fardel,nonstopped vibration produce spoke wise and line transmits ted one. can give birth to ten thousands of negative pressured little air bubble. Via the pressure, the air bubble give birth to dense explosin on the surface of cleaned object. The lash the surface of cleaned object around-the-clock continuous continuous, contain another flank that pene trate the cleaned object. All the inside cavithy,blind holke and narrow interstice, that immerge intermedium,will flake off the greasae stain of the claned object surface. The cleaned object will be perfect and very clean. At the same time, ultra is provided with the liquid purpose. The grease stain that have ever been cleaned will be forfended
SANYO Introduces the Worlds First Zero-Detergent Electrolyzed Water Cleaning Powered Washing Machine .
Allows the option of "Detergent Course" or "Non-Detergent Course" according to the extent and type of dirt? .
Tokyo, June 22, 2001---SANYO Electric Co., Ltd., a world leader in Home Appliances announced the sale of the Worlds first Washing Machine using Electrolyzed Water that does not require the use of detergent through the use of Ultrasonic Waves and Electrolysis. Up until now the industry standard and excepted norm of traditional washing machines worked on the principle of using the water from the washing machine's spin function and soap to remove dirt from the clothing. Three years ago SANYO introduced a new type of washing machine that was different from anything ever seen in the washing machine industry: Dirt Removal through the "Ultrasonic Wave Washing Machine".
Lathes
Lathes are machine tools designed primarily to do turning, facing, and boring. Very little turning is done on other types of machine tools, and none can do it with equal facility. Because lathes also can do drilling and reaming, their versatility permits several operations to be done with a single setup of the workpiece. Consequently, more lathes of various types are used in manufacturing than any other machine tool.
The essential components of a lathe are the bed, headstock assembly, tailstock assembly, carriage assembly, and the leadscrew and feed rod.
The bed is the backbone of a lathe. It usually is made of well-normalized or aged gray or nodular cast iron and provides a heavy, rigid frame on which all the other basic components are mounted. Two sets of parallel, longitudinal ways, inner and outer, are contained on the bed, usually on the upper side. Some makers use an inverted V-shaped for all four ways, whereas others utilize one inverted and one flat way in one or both sets. They are precision-machined to assure accuracy of alignment. On most modern lathes the ways are surface-hardened to resist wear and abrasion, but precaution should be taken in operating a lathe to assure that the ways are not damaged. Any inaccuracy in them usually means that the accuracy of the entire lathe is destroyed.
The headstock is mounted in a fixed position on the inner ways, usually at the left end of the bed. It provides a powered means of the rotating the work at various speeds. Essentially, it consists of a hollow spindle, mounted in accurate bearings, and a set of transmission gears—similar to a truck transmission—through which the spindle can be rotated at a number of speeds. Most lathes provide from 8 to 18 speeds, usually in a geometric ratio, and on modern lathes all the speeds can be obtained merely by moving from two to four levers. An increasing trend is to provide a continuously variable speed range through electrical or mechanical drives.
Because the accuracy of a lathe is greatly dependent on the spindle, it is of heavy construction and mounted in heavy bearings, usually preloaded tapered roller or ball types. The spindle has a hole extending through its length, through which long bar stock can be fed. The size of this hole is an important dimension of a lathe because it determines the maximum size of bar stock that can be machined when the material must be fed through spindle.
The tailstock assembly consists, essentially, of three parts. A lower casting fits on the inner ways of the bed and can slide longitudinally thereon, with a means for clamping the entire assembly in any desired location. An upper casting fits on lower
one and can be moved transversely upon it, on some type of keyed ways, to permit aligning the tailstock and headstock spindles. The third major component of the assembly is the tailstock and headstock quill. This is a hollow steel cylinder, usually about 51 to 76 mm (2 to 3 inches) in diameter, that can be moved several inches longitudinally in and out of the upper casting by means of a handwheel and screw.
The size of a lathe is designated by two dimensions. The first is known as the swing. This is the maximum diameter of work that can be rotated on a lathe. It is approximately twice the distance between the line connecting the lathe centers and the nearest point on the ways. The second size dimension is the maximum distance between centers. The swing thus indicates the maximum workpiece diameter that can be turned in the lathe, while the distance between centers indicates the maximum length of workpiece that can be mounted between centers.
Engine lathes are the type most frequently used in manufacturing. They are heavy-duty machine tools with all the components described previously and have power drive for all tool movements except on the compound rest. They commonly range in size from 305 to 610 mm (12 to 24 inches) swing and from 610 to 1219 mm (24 to 48 inches) center distances, but swings up to 1270 mm (50 inches) and center distances up to 3658 mm (12 feet) are not uncommon. Most have chip pans and a built-in coolant circulating system. Smaller engine lathes—with swings usually not over 330 mm (13 inches)—also are available in bench type, designed for the bed to be mounted on a bench or cabinet.
Although engine lathes are versatile and very useful, because of the time required for changing and setting tools and for making measurements on the workpiece, they are not suitable for quality production. Often the actual chip-production time is less than 30% of the total cycle time. In addition, a skilled machinist is required for all the operations, and such persons are costly and often in short supply. However, much of the operator's time is consumed by simple, repetitious adjustments and in watching chips being mad. Consequently, to reduce or eliminate the amount of skilled labor that is required, turret lathes, screw machines, and other types of semiautomatic lathes have been highly developed and are widely used in manufacturing.
Machining Turning
The engine lathe, one of the oldest metal removal machines, has a number of useful and highly desirable attributes. Today these lathes are used primarily in small shops where smaller quantities rather than large production runs are encountered.
The engine lathe has been replaced in today's production shops by a wide variety of automatic screw machines. All the advantage of single-point tooling for maximum metal removal, and the use of form tools for finish and accuracy, are now at the designer's fingertips with production speeds on a par with the fastest processing equipment on the scene today.
Tolerances for the engine lathe depend primarily on the skill of the operator. The design engineer must be careful in using tolerances of an experimental part that has been produced on the engine lathe by a skilled operator. In redesigning an experimental part for production, economical tolerances should be used.
. Milling
With the exceptions of turning and drilling, milling is undoubtedly the most widely method of removing metal. Well suited and readily adapted to the economical production of any quantity of parts, the almost unlimited versatility of the milling process merits the attention and consideration of designers seriously concerned with the manufacture of their product.
As in any other process, parts that have to be milled should be designed with economical tolerances that can be achieved in production milling. If the part is designed with tolerances finer than necessary, additional operations will have to be added to achieve these tolerances—and this will increase the cost of the part.
Grinding
Grinding is one of the most widely used methods of finishing parts to extremely close tolerances and fine surface finishes. Currently, there are grinders for almost every type of grinding operation. Particular: cylindrical grinders, centerless grinders, internal grinders, surface grinders, and tool and cutter grinders.
The cylindrical and centerless grinders are for straight cylindrical or taper work; thus splines, shafts, and similar parts are ground on cylindrical machinesdesign features of a part dictate to a large degree the type of grinding machine required. Where processing costs are excessive, parts redesigned to utilize a less expensive, higher output grinding method may be well worthwhile. For example, wherever possible the production economy of centerless grinding should be taken advantage of by proper design consideration.
Although grinding is usually considered a finishing operation, it is often employed as a complete machining process on work which can be ground down from rough condition without being turned or otherwise machined. Thus many types of forgings and other parts are finished completely with the grinding wheel at appreciable savings of time and expense.
Classes of grinding machines include the following either of the common-center type or the centerless machine.
Thread grinders are used for grinding precision threads for thread gages, and threads on precision parts where the concentricity between the diameter of the shaft and the pitch diameter of the thread must be held to close tolerances.
The internal grinders are used for grinding of precision holes, cylinder bores, and similar operations where bores of all kinds are to be finished.
The surface grinders are for finishing all kinds of flat work, or work with plain surfaces which may be operated upon either by the edge of a wheel or by the face of a grinding wheel. These machines may have reciprocating or rotating tables
Subject analysis
1.The purpose of a vegetable wash
Generally a few years, the purpose of washing vegetables for the following two:
First, remove the vegetables contaminated surface sediment of raw materials, impurities
Vegetable raw materials in its growth, maturity, harvesting, storage, transport process, after a long time, after more than process, will inevitably contaminated sediment, impurities such as foreign bodies, especially from the fruits of the ground floor, such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, etc. it is inevitable that with the adhesion of the soil. These soil, the existence of impurities will be the quality of the products extremely adverse effects.Therefore, these organizations must be sand, washed to remove impurities.
Second, raw materials to the surface of the pesticides and microbial contamination
Vegetable raw materials in the growth process, in order to control pests and diseases, are often sprayed on the vegetables to a number of pesticides, the existence of these pesticides would be detrimental to human health. In addition, the surface will be more or less of vegetables contaminated with a variety of micro-organisms, these organisms may vegetable raw materials and hazards to human health, it must be removed.
Vegetable raw materials is the purpose of cleaning materials to remove all the vegetables do not meet operational requirements of the material, in particular micro-organisms. In the washing of the former, the normal material on the surface of vegetables, the number of micro-organisms 10000-100000000 months / g between, some vegetables, often as a result of adhesion of the soil, much higher number of micro-organisms.Through proper cleaning process, the number of vegetable raw materials, micro-organisms will be reduced to the initial amount of about 2.5-5%.
2. Cleaning process and equipment design
In the selection of cleaning processes and equipment, cleaning must take into account the degree of cleaning required. Wash the requirements of different degree of cleaning should choose a different cleaning process and equipment. Wash the higher the degree requirements, the higher the cost of cleaning and the cost of production is increasing geometrically.
In the design and cleaning equipment cleaning process, the main aspects of the following considerations:
First, the reliability requirements of the selected cleaning process and equipment to clean a stable quality, to achieve the required degree of cleaning;
Second, the impact of treatment to clean the object requested in the treatment of the cleaning process to clean the damage caused by objects as small as possible, and can not deal with the effect of having to clean the new secondary pollution;
Third, the protection of the natural environment conducive to cleaning processes and equipment requirements to prevent or minimize the waste water cleaning, noise, emissions and other damage caused by the natural environment;
Fourth, the efficiency of cleaning processes and equipment requirements with high efficiency, saving labor force characteristics;
Fifth, a good operating environment requires the use of clean technology and equipment to maintain a good operating environment for the health and safety of workers be guaranteed;
Sixth, the economy can achieve the adoption of the degree requirements Wash, clean, low-cost process and requirements.
Food processing raw materials in its mature stage and the transport, storage process is often affected by dust, sand and micro-organisms, such as pollution, therefore, must be carefully cleaned before processing, and removal of debris and the failure of the processing procedures in order to post.
3. Common program analysis
3.1 The Leaching brush-type washing machine
Brush-type washing machine through water immersion, the role of brushing and spraying can effectively improve the cleaning effect of cleaning the water tank can also direct the use of steam heating, applied to apples, oranges, pears, tomatoes and other fruit and vegetable cleaning.
Working, materials from the feed into the cleaning tank, equipped with a brush in the brush roll of the relative role of inward rotation to the agitation of materials in the formation of water eddy circulation to be cleaned, at the same time as a result of water flow between the brush roller the role of pressure difference, the material automatically to the brush roller was brushing mobile.Materials wash up after the float, double hopper by moving along the arc surface by high-pressure water spray rinse, and finally by the outflow of the entrance and exit.
3.2 The Blade-type washing machine
Blade-type washing machine through the rotating blades, soaked in water and stir the raw materials, will be rolling materials, friction and the completion of the cleaning process, mainly applied to the surface texture than the hard and strong anti-loss materials.
Blade-type washing machine main body by the trough, paddle, fishing, etc. hopper. Body is a rectangular slot horizontal trough exposure, the lower part of the space for the semi-circular cylindrical leave flowers at the end of the funnel is 1-2, can be collected sediment debris. Trough generally welded together with stainless steel plate.Longitudinal body axis trough, according to a certain interval of its blades installed, arranged perpendicular to each other adjacent blades, blade-shaped with blunt edges and corners may be less susceptible to injury in the protection of raw materials. On the end of the tank body are fishing hopper, driven by the rotary spindle.
Working, to be installed in the trough of water body, and then enable the spindle rotation, and then poured into the tank body of raw materials, due to the rotating blades, stirred raw materials, its rolling movement, the other, as compared with the main blades have a certain point of view, raw materials so as to promote the end of its body to the groove mobile, in the process basically completed the cleaning of raw materials to the end of remove from the fish hopper, remove the materials, the water nozzles out of water to complete the cleaning of raw materials Kavalan process. Under the sand and debris washed through the air to spend the holiday at the end of the funnel being gathered to fight at the end of the regular open sewage discharge valve to the plane.
3.3 The Immersion-type washing machine
Water jet washing machine of raw materials is first soaked in water so that impurities in the sand soaked in water to become loose, and then by high-pressure water jet to wash raw materials off the surface deposits to achieve the purpose of cleaning.
Working, the first inclined wall of water filled the tank, and then poured into the raw material to be cleaned after a certain period of time after the immersion began running gear so that conveyor belt, conveyor belt is driven up raw materials in high-pressure water spray from the spray area leaching to the first direct injection of raw materials, raw materials on the sediment contamination, dust, impurities under running water.If the contamination of raw materials of chemical reagents, is also very easy to remove.
The structure of water jet washing machine main tank wall ramp, conveyor, spray head, gear and so on. Inclined conveyor belt was installed, with the horizontal angle of 25-30 degrees, with metal mesh conveyor belt manufacturer in order to facilitate the Li Shui, in a certain distance between the metal line to install a bar in order to block the material down.Oblique angle of the tank wall with the same oblique angle of the conveyor belt in the middle of the top of a conveyor belt equipped with multi-spray head, a conveyor belt driven by the gear movement.
3.4 The Drum-type washing machine
Drum-type washing machine is a circular cylinder with the rotation, so that raw materials in which the constant turnover at the same time using water pipes to spray water rinse turning raw materials, in order to achieve the purpose of cleaning. It suitable for washing citrus, oranges, potatoes and ot
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