2019年中考英語知識點(diǎn)總復(fù)習(xí) 數(shù)詞課件.ppt

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數(shù)詞,基數(shù)詞 序數(shù)詞 數(shù)詞的用法,1、基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成 （1）1-12的基數(shù)詞是獨(dú)立的單詞，有其各自的形式。 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve,（2）13-19的基數(shù)詞以-teen結(jié)尾。 thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen,（3）20-90 的整十位數(shù)基數(shù)詞以-ty結(jié)尾。 twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety,（4）21-90 的非整十位數(shù)的表示法，是在十位數(shù) 和個位數(shù)之間用連字符“-”。 twenty-one 21 thirty-three 33 e.g. 53 64 75 99,（5）百、千、百萬、十萬的表示方法。 N00 hundred N,000 thousand N,000,000 million N,000,000,000 billion e.g. 100 one hundred 2,000 two thousand 3,000,000 three million 4,000,000,000 four billion,（6）101-999的基數(shù)詞的表示法，是在百位數(shù)和十位數(shù)之間，或在百位數(shù)和個位數(shù)之間加”and”. e.g. one hundred and two 102 two hundred and sixteen 216 four hundred and four 404 513 222 363 999,（7）1000以上的數(shù)目表示方法。 e.g. 2,004 two thousand and four 34,228 thirty-four thousand, two hundred and twenty-eight 725,369 seven hundred and twenty-five thousand, three hundred and sixty-nine 17,657,400 1,214,000,000,,巧學(xué)妙記 一至十二詞各異，一個一個單獨(dú)記，前輕后重（teen）是十幾，前重后輕（ty）是幾十 fourteen,forty分清楚，thirteen,thirty看仔細(xì)，eighteen(eighty)只有一個t,幾十幾和幾百幾連字符、and莫丟棄,Exercise,1、---Excuse me , how does this number 20,135 read ? ---It read . A. twenty thousands one hundred and thirty-five B. twenty thousand one hundred and thirty five C. twenty thousand one hundred and thirty-five D. twenty thousands , one hundred and thirty-five,Exercise,2、---Bob , can you write the number seven hundred and eighty thousand and thirty-two ? ---Yes , it is _______. 78,032 B. 7,832 C. 7,032 D. 780,032,2. 基數(shù)詞的運(yùn)用 （1）表示具體數(shù)目時，hundred，thousand，million等 用單數(shù); e.g. five hundred eight hundred (2) 表示不確切數(shù)目時可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式，與of連用表示 “數(shù)以….計的”； hundreds of 成百上千 thousands of 成千上萬 e.g. Thousands of trees must be planted every year.,(3) 基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式可用來表示人的歲數(shù)和年代。 年代：in the +年代+s(或’s) 表示“在…世紀(jì)…年代” in one’s +整10數(shù)的復(fù)數(shù)形式 表示一個不確定的年齡 e.g. He went to the United States in his twenties. That was in the early forties,(4) 由基數(shù)詞和名詞合成的形容詞作定語時，其中的名詞只用單數(shù)。 e.g. She wrote a two-thousand-word composition last night. Claude is an eleven-year-old boy. I ‘ m a eighteen- year- old girl.,Exercise,1、－How many people will come to Beijing next year? (2009蕪湖) －It’s hard to say, ________ people, I think. million of B. millions of C. three millions D. three millions of,Exercise,2、 In the past twenty years, many tall buildings have been built in our city. look! This is a ______. (09年天津中考) A. 70-floor building B. 70-floors building C. 70-floor buildings D.70 floors building,2.序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成,（1）第一—第十九的構(gòu)成。,除第一，第二，第三，第五，第八，第九，第十二為特殊形式，其他的序數(shù)詞均由其對應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞加后綴-th構(gòu)成。 four fourth six sixth seven seventh eleven eleventh thirteen thirteenth fourteen fourteenth fifteen fifteenth sixteen sixteenth seventeen seventeenth eighteen eighteenth nineteen nineteenth,（2）整十的數(shù)字序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成方法：將對應(yīng)的基 數(shù)詞結(jié)尾y變i，再加-eth. e.g. twenty twentieth thirty thirtieth forty fortieth fifty fiftieth sixty sixtieth seventy seventieth eighty eightieth ninety ninetieth,,,,,,,,,（3）表示“幾十幾”時，十位數(shù)的基數(shù)詞不變，只把個位數(shù)變成序數(shù)詞即可。 e.g. 36 thirty- six 第36 thirty-sixth 98 ninety-eight 第98 ninety-eighth 第 55 fifty-fifth 第 74 seventy-fourth 第 88 eighty-eighth 第1-99,,,,,,（4）百，千，百萬等的序數(shù)詞在詞尾加-th。 e.g. 第一百 hundredth 第一千 thousandth 第一百萬 millionth 第十億 billionth 若是多位數(shù)，則前邊的數(shù)用基數(shù)詞，末尾數(shù)用序數(shù)詞。 e.g. 第101 one hundred and first 第199 one hundred and ninety-ninth,,,,,（5）序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式是由阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加上序數(shù)詞的最后兩個字母構(gòu)成的。 e.g. first- 1st second - 2nd third –3rd fourth-4th twelfth-12th twenty - first 21 st forty-fifth 45 th one hundred and fifty-third 153 rd,,,,Exercise,1、---How old is your son ? --- . We had a special party for his birthday last Sunday . A. Nine ; ninth B. Nine ; nine C. Ninth ; nine D. Ninth ; ninth,2、I think that the century (世紀(jì)) will bring us more hopes . A. twenty-one B. twentieth-first C. twenty-first D. twentieth-one,2. 序數(shù)詞的用法 (1）在使用序數(shù)詞時，通常前面要加定冠詞the. e.g. The second lesson is more difficult than the first.,(2) 序數(shù)詞前面出現(xiàn)不定冠詞a/an時，表示“再一，又一”。 e.g. We’ve tired it three times. Must we try it a fourth time？ His parents have two children, but they want a third one.,(3) 序數(shù)詞前有物主代詞或其他修飾語時不用任何冠詞。 e.g. This is my first job. Mrs. Black’s second child called Lucy.,,(3) 基數(shù)詞表順序，置于名詞之后；序數(shù)詞表順序，置于名詞之前，且與the連用 Part Two -----the Second Part Lesson Seven-----the Seventh Lesson page 48-----the forty-eighth page Room 302, World War II,Exercise,1、I got a good present on my birthday and I like it very much . A. fifteen B. fifteenth C. the fifteen D. the fifteenth,2、---I hear your pen friend is visiting Lianyungang again . Is it the time for him ? ---Yes , and he will come for a third time next spring . first B. second C. third D. fourth,3、There are days in June and day is Children’s Day . A. thirty ; the second B. thirty ; first C. thirteen ; the first D. thirty ; the first,4、There are _____ people in my family. We live in the _____ floor in a tall building. A. five; six B. fifth; sixth C. fifth; six D. five; sixth,,5. We are going to learn _____next week. Lesson Twelve B. Lesson Twelfth C. Twelfth Lesson D. the lesson Twelfth,3、數(shù)詞的運(yùn)用 1. 表示時間 （1）先讀鐘點(diǎn)數(shù), 后讀分鐘數(shù)。 e.g. 10:10 ten ten 4：25 four twenty-five 6：43 six forty-three,(2)用介詞past表示幾點(diǎn)過幾分（不超過半時）；用to表示差幾分到幾點(diǎn)。 e.g. 4:20 twenty past four 8:42 eighteen to nine 60-42=18 9:50 ten to ten 10:10 ten past ten,(3)整點(diǎn)直接用（+o’clock）表示。“半點(diǎn)鐘”half，一刻鐘用a quarter。 e.g. 6:00 six o’clock 7:15 a quarter past seven 8:30 half past eight,Exercise 1. 4: 45 2. 8: 17 3. 11: 58 4. 9: 56,2.表示年、月、日 (1) 年份 1949 nineteen forty-nine 2005 twenty hundred and five two thousand and five 1800 eighteen hundred,（2）日期 2008年4月10日 April 10, 2008 April 10th , 2008 10th April 2008 2010年9月1日 September 1, 2010 September 1st, 2010 1st September 2010,英語中一般用月、日、年或日、月、年來表示。日期可以用基數(shù)（讀做序數(shù)詞）。,Exercise 1. 1998 2. 2015 3. 1999年3月3日 4. 2015年7月24日,3. 表示分?jǐn)?shù) (1) 分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá) 分子1 分母復(fù)數(shù) one half one third two thirds one quarter three fourths/ three quarters,one and two thirds ten and three fifths,meter four fifths meter meters two and three fourths meters,,（2）分?jǐn)?shù)的用法 “分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞/代詞”作主語時， 謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于名詞。 e.g. Two thirds of the students are boys in my class. One half of her money is spent on books.,Exercise 1. About ______ of the workers in the clothes factory are women. A. third fifths B. third fifth C. three fifths D. three fifth,2. We all know that ____ of the earth ____ covered by sea. A. three fourth; is B. three fourths; is C. three fourths; are D. third four; is,4. 倍數(shù) 表示三或三倍以上的倍數(shù)用“基數(shù) 詞+times”。 e.g. This apple is twice as large as that one. This room is three times larger than that one.,5. 數(shù)詞前加every，表示 “每一段時間或每隔一 段時間。 e.g. every ten days 每十天 every ninth day 每隔九天 every four weeks 每四個星期 every third week 每隔三個星期,,,6. 表示小數(shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù),(1)小數(shù)用基數(shù)詞來表達(dá)，以小數(shù)點(diǎn)為界，左邊的數(shù)字為一個單位，表示整數(shù)，數(shù)字合起來讀；小數(shù)點(diǎn)右邊的數(shù)字為一個單位，表示小數(shù)，數(shù)字分開讀。,e.g. 1.03 one point o three zero 10.23 ten point two three 25.67 twenty-five point six seven,(2) 百分?jǐn)?shù) 百分?jǐn)?shù)用 “基數(shù)詞+percent”表示。,e.g. 50% fifty percent 34.67% thirty-four point Six seven percent 0.12% zero point one two percent,7. 排列順序 基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞都能表示排列順序。 事物名詞+基數(shù)詞 the+序數(shù)詞+事物名詞 e.g. 第一部分 Part one = the first part 第一課 Lesson one = the first lesson 第三組 Group three =the third group,0.49 point four nine 1.5 one point five 8.67 eight point six seven 30.6 thirty point six 17.42% seventeen point four two percent 6. 9.57% nine point five seven percent,Exercise,8. 其他用法 （1） 基數(shù)詞表示年齡 in one’s+基數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù),e.g. five years old in one’s forties My elder sister is seventeen and my younger sister is ten. My uncle is in his thirties. I ‘m eighteen.,(2) 表示房間號和電話號碼 e.g. 202 room two o two 404 room four o four 303-2244 Three o three double two four four,(3) 頁碼數(shù)，行數(shù),e.g. 第10頁：page ten 第25頁：page twenty-five 第109頁：page one hundred and nine 第6行：line six 第29行：line twenty-nine,