高中物理素質(zhì)教學(xué)模式初探中英文翻譯

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1、 高中物理素質(zhì)教學(xué)模式初探 中英文翻譯 The teaching pattern of physical quality of high school in both Chinese and English translation 關(guān)鍵詞：素質(zhì)教育；創(chuàng)新精神；教學(xué)模式；科學(xué)探究 Key words: quality education; The spirit of innovation; Teaching mode; Scientific inquiry 摘要：論文探討高中物理素質(zhì)教學(xué)模式：探究式課堂教學(xué)模式、自主式課堂教學(xué)模式、合作式課堂教學(xué)模式、研究性課堂教學(xué)模式、

2、網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下課堂教學(xué)模式等，介紹它們的具體流程和實施辦法。 Abstract: the paper discusses quality of senior high school physics teaching mode: inquiry-based classroom teaching mode, autonomous classroom teaching mode, cooperative teaching mode, research class teaching pattern, such as classroom teaching patterns under the networ

3、k environment, introduces the specific processes and measures for its implementation. 　　什么是素質(zhì)教育？盡管說法有很多種，概括起來就是要把所有的學(xué)生都培養(yǎng)成具有科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的人。而我國中學(xué)生科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的內(nèi)涵至少包括四個方面：1.了解或理解基本科學(xué)事實、概念、原理和規(guī)律，學(xué)會或掌握相應(yīng)的基本技能；2.進(jìn)一步發(fā)展科學(xué)探究所需要的能力；3.初步形成科學(xué)的世界觀；4.理解科學(xué)、技術(shù)與社會的關(guān)系。在新一輪的《基礎(chǔ)教育改革綱要》中也明確提出“新課程的培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)應(yīng)體現(xiàn)時代要求”；努力使學(xué)生成為有“創(chuàng)新精神，實踐能力

4、，科學(xué)和人文素養(yǎng)”完整的、和諧的人。 What is the quality education? Although there are many kinds of, sum up is to put all of the students are trained persons with scientific literacy. And the connotation of the high school students scientific literacy in China at least include four aspects: 1. To know or understand

5、 the basic scientific facts, concepts, principles and rules, learn and master the corresponding basic skill; 2. The further development of needed by scientific inquiry ability; 3. Preliminary form scientific world outlook; 4. Understand the relationship between science, technology and society. In th

6、e new round "elementary education reform summary" also explicitly proposed "new curriculum objectives should reflect The Times"; Try to make the students "innovation spirit and practice ability, scientific and cultural literacy" complete and harmonious person. 　　高中物理教學(xué)要緊跟國家的教學(xué)改革步伐，努力實現(xiàn)新課程的培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)，主要還

7、是在課堂教學(xué)改革，打破原有的教學(xué)模式，改變教師的教學(xué)理念和學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度。教師從知識的傳授者變?yōu)閷W(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的組織者、指導(dǎo)者、促進(jìn)者，樹立以學(xué)生為本、師生平等的民主意識，改變以往應(yīng)試學(xué)習(xí)為終身學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生也要從被動的接受知識轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橹鲃拥厝カ@取知識。如何在高中物理課堂教學(xué)中實施素質(zhì)教育？教師首先要針對不同的物理知識特點(diǎn)，選擇比較有效的課堂教學(xué)模式：如探究式課堂教學(xué)模式、自主式課堂教學(xué)模式、合作式課堂教學(xué)模式、研究性學(xué)習(xí)模式、網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下教學(xué)模式等。不管采取那種模式教學(xué)，都要注意物理學(xué)科的四個特點(diǎn)：1.與生活實踐聯(lián)系密切、應(yīng)用廣泛；2.是帶有方法論性質(zhì)的科學(xué)；3.是一門實驗科學(xué)；4.是一門嚴(yán)密、定量的精密

8、理論科學(xué)。例如探究式課堂教學(xué)模式可分為兩類：①引導(dǎo)發(fā)現(xiàn)式：創(chuàng)設(shè)情景—觀察探究—推理證明—總結(jié)練習(xí)；②探究訓(xùn)練式：遇到問題—搜集資料和建立假說—用事實和邏輯論證—形成探究能力。它是以解決問題為中心，注重學(xué)生獨(dú)立鉆研，著眼于思維和創(chuàng)造性的培養(yǎng)，充分發(fā)揮學(xué)生的主動性，仿照科學(xué)家探究未知領(lǐng)域知識的途徑，通過發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、提出問題、分析問題、創(chuàng)造性地解決問題等去掌握知識，培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造力和創(chuàng)新精神。 High school physics teaching should follow the pace of teaching reform of the country, efforts to achieve t

9、he training objectives of new curriculum, mainly in the classroom teaching reform, to break old teaching mode, changing teachers teaching and students learning attitude. Teachers from imparter of knowledge into students learning of organizers, guides, facilitators, sets up take the student as this,

10、the democratic consciousness of equality between teachers and students, change the previous exam-oriented learning as a lifelong learning, students should also from passive accept knowledge into active to obtain knowledge. How to carry out quality education in high school physics classroom teaching?

11、 Teachers must first according to the characteristics of the different physical knowledge, more effective choice of the mode of classroom teaching: such as inquiry-based classroom teaching mode, autonomous classroom teaching mode, cooperative classroom instruction mode, inquiry learning mode and tea

12、ching mode under the network environment, etc. Whether to take that kind of teaching mode, pay attention to the physical discipline of four characteristics: 1. The practice is closely related with the life, wide application; 2. Methodology is a science of nature; 3. Is an experimental science; 4. Is

13、 a rigorous, quantitative theory of precision science. For example research-style teaching mode can be divided into two categories: (1) guided discovery: creating situations - watch inquiry - reasoning proof - summary of practice; (2) to explore the training type: problem -- to collect data and esta

14、blish hypothesis -- with facts and logical arguments - form exploring ability. It is to solve the problem as the center, pay attention to students independent study, focus on the cultivation of thinking and creative, give full play to the initiative of students, modeled after scientists explore unkn

15、own way of domain knowledge, by discovering problems, put forward problems, analyzing problems, solving problems creatively to master knowledge, cultivate the spirit of creativity and innovation. 　　一、探究式課堂教學(xué)模式：具體教案 Inquiry-based classroom teaching mode: detailed lesson plan 　　高中第二冊第一章第二節(jié) 電場強(qiáng)度 設(shè)

16、計如下探究過程： Second volume of senior high school, the first chapter electric field intensity in the second quarter design to explore the process as follows: 　　 本模式適用于程序性知識的學(xué)習(xí)。使學(xué)生領(lǐng)略到概念和規(guī)律形成的過程，在學(xué)習(xí)中實現(xiàn)掌握知識和方法。在課堂上，教師的主要的任務(wù)就是怎么樣合理、有效地引導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極參與。 This model is suitable for the learning of procedural knowle

17、dge. Make students appreciate the concept and law formation process, the realization of knowledge and methods in the study. In the classroom, the teachers main task is how to reasonably and effectively guide students actively participate in. 　　兒、自主課堂教學(xué)模式：可用下面的流程進(jìn)行 Son, autonomous class teaching m

18、ode: available the following process 　　該模式適用于陳述性知識點(diǎn)的學(xué)習(xí)。重點(diǎn)在于培養(yǎng)自學(xué)能力，當(dāng)學(xué)生形成了良好的自學(xué)習(xí)慣后，教學(xué)真可謂實現(xiàn)“教，就是為不教”的更高境界。 The model is suitable for declarative knowledge learning. Focus is to cultivate self-learning ability, when the students form good habits of self-study, teaching is to realize "teaching, is to

19、not teach" a higher level. 　　三、合作式課堂教學(xué)模式：是個人與群體之間為達(dá)到某一確定目標(biāo)，彼此通過協(xié)調(diào)作用而形成的聯(lián)合行動。具體流程是： Three, cooperative teaching mode: is between people and groups to achieve a certain goal, through the coordinating role and formation of the joint action with each other. Specific process is: 本模式主要用于活動課的學(xué)習(xí)，目的是為了形

20、成民主學(xué)術(shù)氛圍，使學(xué)生在相互的交往、協(xié)作中體會到“互補(bǔ)是一種需要”的真正含義。在創(chuàng)新中促進(jìn)學(xué)生間的互相幫助、共同進(jìn)步。 This model is mainly used for learning activity, the purpose is to form democratic academic atmosphere, make students realize in the mutual communication, collaboration, "complementary is a need to" really means. Promote each other and hel

21、p each other between the students in the innovation, and common progress. 　　四、研究性學(xué)習(xí)教學(xué)模式，主要是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生具有很強(qiáng)的分析問題和解決問題的能力。 Four, inquiry learning teaching mode, the main is to cultivate students good problem analysis and problem solving skills. 其基本流程是：問題的提出→實驗設(shè)計→實驗過程→數(shù)據(jù)處理→誤差分析→探究規(guī)律和評價實驗結(jié)果。本模式課題靈活，重在過程，使

22、學(xué)生的質(zhì)疑能力、實驗?zāi)芰τ兴岣摺? Its basic process is: problem put forward to experiment design and experiment process, data processing and error analysis and to explore the regularity and the experimental results evaluation. The flexible pattern topic, focusing on process, make the question ability, experimental

23、 ability of students improved. 　　五、網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下的教學(xué)模式，主要是拓展學(xué)習(xí)的時間與空間，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下開展自主性學(xué)習(xí)，以網(wǎng)絡(luò)為媒介，依據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源共享、交互學(xué)習(xí)、超文本鏈接特點(diǎn)，在教師指導(dǎo)下，自主獲取知識、應(yīng)用知識、解決問題。如機(jī)械波、光的本性、原子物理等章節(jié)，真正的探索實驗中學(xué)一般很難做出來，但模擬實驗網(wǎng)絡(luò)中卻很多，教師只需將該節(jié)課要學(xué)的信息源整合成網(wǎng)頁，再指導(dǎo)學(xué)生搜索自己需要的知識加以應(yīng)用，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)過程中，可以根據(jù)學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容特點(diǎn)，把學(xué)生提出的具有價值性的問題，以多媒體的方式將問題情景化，呈現(xiàn)在學(xué)生面前，使學(xué)生增強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)的主動性，產(chǎn)生探索欲望，體現(xiàn)創(chuàng)新精神。

24、Five, the teaching mode under network environment, mainly extend time and space, to carry out autonomous learning under the network environment based on network media, on the basis of network resource sharing, interactive learning, characteristics of hypertext links, in under the guidance of teacher

25、s, independent access to knowledge, application knowledge, solve the problem. Such as mechanical wave, the nature of light, atomic physics and other chapters, real exploring experimental middle school is generally difficult to do it, but many simulation experiments in the network, teachers will need

26、 to learn the lesson of sources of information into web pages, you need to guide students to search the application of knowledge, in the process of network learning, can according to the characteristics of learning content, the students put forward valuable questions, the problem in the form of mult

27、imedia contextualized, appear in front of students, make students enhance the initiative of learning, exploration desire, embodies innovative spirit. 　　近年來全國高考物理試題為推進(jìn)素質(zhì)教育發(fā)揮其命題的導(dǎo)向性，越來越接近現(xiàn)實生活，對學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造性思維能力要求也越來越高。我們在高中物理課堂教學(xué)中實施素質(zhì)教育，除了選好教學(xué)模式外，還要在教學(xué)中各個環(huán)節(jié)落實培養(yǎng)學(xué)生創(chuàng)造性思維的措施。如通過教師的努力創(chuàng)造條件，盡可能地增加學(xué)生的探索實驗，讓學(xué)生通過自己動

28、手做實驗，逐漸掌握物理探究規(guī)律，和學(xué)習(xí)研究物理問題的方法。在講課過程中，教師除要向?qū)W生講清楚物理概念和規(guī)律外，還應(yīng)結(jié)合各學(xué)科的特點(diǎn)，拓寬學(xué)生的解決問題的思路。如講到磁通量 φ＝BScosθ時可增加下面例題：如圖1，一間民房的房頂有圖中三種不同的蓋法：1、單向傾斜；2、雙向傾斜；3、四向傾斜，記三種蓋法的面積分別為S1、S2、S3，若屋頂斜面與水平所成的角都是θ，則 In recent years, the national college entrance examination physics questions to promote quality education play its

29、thesis guidance, more and more close to real life, has higher requirement to the students creative thinking ability. We carry out quality education in high school physics classroom teaching, in addition to the chosen teaching patterns, but also in the teaching each link to carry out the measures of

30、training students creative thinking. Such as through the efforts of teachers create conditions to increase students exploring experiments, as far as possible let the student through the diy experiment, gradually grasp physical investigation law, and to study the physical problem. To students in the

31、process of teaching, the teacher in addition to the clear physical concepts and laws, still should according to the characteristics of the various disciplines to broaden the students train of thought of solving the problem. Such as when it comes to magnetic flux phi b. s. cosine theta can increase t

32、he following examples: as shown in figure 1, a the roofs of the houses have three different cover method: in the figure 1, unidirectional incline; 2, two-way tilt; 3, 4 to tilt, to remember three cover method of area of S1, S2, S3, respectively, if the roof slope and the horizontal Angle is theta, m

33、ade by then A、 S1＞S2＞S3 ； A, S1 > S2 > S3; B、 S3＞S2＝S1 ； B, S3 > S2 = S1; C、 S3＝S2＞S1 ； C, S3 = > S1 S2; D、 S3＝S2＝S D, S3 = S2 = S 解析:可設(shè)想有豎直向上的勻強(qiáng)磁場穿過屋面，S為房頂面積，則三種情形的磁通量應(yīng)該 Analytic: can imagine vertical uplift and strong magnetic field through the roof, S for the roof area, the magneti

34、c flux should be three kinds of situations 相等即：φ1＝φ2＝φ3，又φ＝BScosθ,θ為S與B垂直的平面的夾角，其面積之和仍為S= ，因φ、B、θ都相同，故有S3＝S2＝S1,選D。通過這類題型的講解使學(xué)生知道有時用物理方法去解決數(shù)學(xué)問題更為簡捷。 Equal: 3, 2 = 1 = phi phi phi phi again BScos theta, theta Angle for S a plane perpendicular to the B, the sum of its area as S =, still because of

35、phi, B, and theta are the same, so have S3 = S2 = S1, choose D. Through the interpretation of the topic to make the students know sometimes use physical method to solve mathematical problems easier. 　　素質(zhì)教育重點(diǎn)是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新精神，作為新時代的中學(xué)物理教師責(zé)無旁貸，積極探索實施素質(zhì)教育的最佳途徑，已成為一項義不容辭的工作了。 Quality education focuses on cu

36、ltivating students innovative spirit, as a new era of middle school physics teachers responsibility, actively explore the best way to implement quality-oriented education, has become a duty-bound work. 參考文獻(xiàn)： References: [1]高金蓮.科學(xué)教育應(yīng)給予中學(xué)生什么科學(xué)素養(yǎng)[J].中學(xué)物理教學(xué)參考，2003(4). High Chinese globeflower [1].

37、 Science education should be given what high school students scientific literacy [J]. High school physics teaching reference, 2003 (4). [2]趙永軍.新形勢下高中物理課堂教學(xué)的思考[J].中學(xué)物理教學(xué)參考，2003(3). [2] Zhao Yongjun. High school physics classroom teaching under the new situation of thinking [J]. High school physics teaching reference, 2003 (3). 作者簡介：鄧聽言，任教于廣西橫縣中學(xué)。 Author introduction: listen, deng teaches HengXian middle school, guangxi.