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電大《土木工程力學(xué)》第五次作業(yè)參考小抄

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電大《土木工程力學(xué)》第五次作業(yè)參考小抄

專業(yè)好文檔窗體頂端土木工程力學(xué)作業(yè)05任務(wù)一、單項(xiàng)選擇題(共10道試題,共30分。)1.影響線的橫坐標(biāo)是(B )A. 截面的位置B. 單位移動荷載的位置C. 固定荷載的位置D. 移動荷載的位置2.繪制影響線采用的是( D) A. 實(shí)際荷載B. 移動荷載C. 單位荷載D. 單位移動荷載3.靜定結(jié)構(gòu)的影響線的形狀特征是( A ) A. 直線段組成B. 曲線段組成C. 直線曲線混合D. 變形體虛位移圖4 機(jī)動法作靜定梁影響線的理論依據(jù)是(B)A. 虛力原理 B. 虛位移原理 C. 位移互等定理 D. 疊加原理5機(jī)動法作靜定梁影響線應(yīng)用的原理為(C )A. 變形體虛功原理B. 互等定理C. 剛體虛功原理D. 疊加原理6 機(jī)動法作靜定梁影響線的假設(shè)有(A )A 桿件為剛性桿B 桿件為彈性桿C 桿件為塑性桿D. 桿件為彈塑性桿7由主從結(jié)構(gòu)的受力特點(diǎn)可知:附屬部分的內(nèi)力(反力)影響線在基本部分上( A ) A. 全為零B. 全為正C. 全為負(fù)D. 可正可負(fù)8 圖示梁截面C剪力影響線在C右側(cè)鄰近的豎標(biāo)值為( C ) A. 0 B. 0.5 C. 1 D. 19 圖示簡支梁在移動荷載 作用下,K截面的最大彎矩是(A )A. B. C. D. 10圖示靜定梁在移動荷載作用下, 的最大值(絕對值)是(C )A. B. C. D. 11 圖示梁的某量值的影響線,其中豎坐標(biāo) 表示P1作用在( D )A. K點(diǎn)產(chǎn)生的值 B. K點(diǎn)產(chǎn)生的值 C. D點(diǎn)產(chǎn)生的值 D. D點(diǎn)產(chǎn)生的值12 對于圖示影響線豎坐標(biāo)含義的論述正確的是( B )A. 為P=1在C點(diǎn)時產(chǎn)生的B. 為P=1在C左時產(chǎn)生的C. 為P=1在C點(diǎn)時產(chǎn)生的 D. 為P=1在C左點(diǎn)時產(chǎn)生的13. P1在梁ABC上移動,圖示影響線是何量值的影響線( B ) A. B. C. D. 14.圖示伸臂梁的影響線為哪個量值的影響線?(B ) A. QA B. C. D. 15 根據(jù)影響線的定義,圖示懸臂梁A截面的剪力影響線在B點(diǎn)的縱坐標(biāo)為 (C ) A. 5 B. -5 C. D. -116圖示梁A截面彎矩影響線是( A ) A. B. C. D. 17 同一結(jié)構(gòu),不考慮阻尼時的自振頻率為,考慮阻尼時的自振頻率為D,則(D)A. B. C. D. 與D的關(guān)系不確定18.單自由度體系的自由振動主要計算(A )A. 頻率與周期B. 振型C. 頻率與振型D. 動力反應(yīng)19 在動力計算中,體系自由度數(shù)N與質(zhì)點(diǎn)個數(shù)M(D )A. 總是相等 B. N總是大于M C. M總是大于N D. 不確定20 在低阻尼體系中不能忽略阻尼對什么的影響? (C ) A 頻率B. 周期C. 振幅 D. 主振型21 結(jié)構(gòu)動力的基本未知量是(A)A. 質(zhì)點(diǎn)位移B. 節(jié)點(diǎn)位移C. 多余未知力D. 桿端彎矩22 反映結(jié)構(gòu)動力特性的重要物理參數(shù)是(C )。A. 初相角 B. 初位移 C. 自振頻率 D. 振幅23 在圖示結(jié)構(gòu)中,若要使其自振頻率 增大,可以(C)A. 增大P B. 增大m C. 增大EI D. 增大l24 在圖示結(jié)構(gòu)中,為使體系自振頻率 增大,可以(C)A. 增大P B. 增大m C. 增大EI D. 增大l25.圖示體系的自振頻率為(C )A. B. C. D. 26 不考慮桿件的軸向變形,下圖所示體系的振動自由度為(A )。A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 427 圖示振動體系的自由度數(shù)目為(A ) A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 428 忽略直桿軸向變形的影響,圖示體系有振動自由度為(C )。 A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 529 圖示單自由度動力體系自振周期的關(guān)系為(A)A. B. C. D. 都不等二、判斷題(共10道試題,共30分。)1. 圖示影響線中K點(diǎn)的豎坐標(biāo)表示P=1作用在K點(diǎn)時產(chǎn)生的K截面的彎矩。(A. 錯誤)2.圖示影響線是C截面的彎矩影響線。( B. 正確)3.圖示結(jié)構(gòu)A截面彎矩影響線在A處的豎標(biāo)為l。 ( A. 錯誤 )4.圖示結(jié)構(gòu)A截面剪力影響線在B處的豎標(biāo)為1。 (B. 正確 )5從形狀上看連續(xù)梁影響線是曲線段圖形。( B. 正確) 6彎矩影響線豎坐標(biāo)的量綱是長度。(B. 正確 ) 7.影響線的橫坐標(biāo)是單位荷載的位置。(B. 正確 ) 8.靜定結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)力和反力影響線是直線或者折線組成。( B. 正確)9.一般情況下,振動體系的振動自由度與超靜定次數(shù)無關(guān)。( B. 正確 ) 10在結(jié)構(gòu)動力計算中,一個質(zhì)點(diǎn)的振動體系,其振動自由度一定為1。( A. 錯誤 ) 11在結(jié)構(gòu)動力計算中,四質(zhì)點(diǎn)的振動體系,其振動自由度一定為4。(A. 錯誤 ) 12具有集中質(zhì)量的體系,其振動自由度就等于其集中質(zhì)量數(shù)。( A. 錯誤 )13.自由振動過程中無外荷載作用。( B. 正確 ) 14.結(jié)構(gòu)的動力位移總是要比靜力位移大一些。(A. 錯誤 ) 15增大結(jié)構(gòu)的剛度可以減小結(jié)構(gòu)的位移,這句話也適用于動荷載作用下的結(jié)構(gòu)。(A. 錯誤 ) 16無阻尼單自由度體系自由振動時,質(zhì)點(diǎn)的速度和加速度在同一時刻達(dá)到最大值。(A. 錯誤 ) 17.反映結(jié)構(gòu)動力特性的參數(shù)是振動質(zhì)點(diǎn)的振幅。(A. 錯誤) 18.結(jié)構(gòu)的自振頻率與結(jié)構(gòu)中某桿件的剛度無關(guān)。(A. 錯誤 )19結(jié)構(gòu)的自振頻率與結(jié)構(gòu)的剛度及動荷載的頻率有關(guān)。(A. 錯誤 ) 20結(jié)構(gòu)的自振頻率與質(zhì)量、剛度及荷載有關(guān)。( A. 錯誤 ) 21由于弱阻尼,結(jié)構(gòu)的自由振動不會衰減。(A. 錯誤) 22阻尼對體系的頻率無影響,所以計算頻率時不用考慮阻尼。(A. 錯誤 ) 23對于弱阻尼情況,阻尼越大,結(jié)構(gòu)的振動頻率越小。(B. 正確 ) 24.弱阻尼自由振動是一個衰減振動。( B. 正確 ) 25外界干擾力既不改變體系的自振頻率,也不改變振幅。(A. 錯誤 ) 26 圖示結(jié)構(gòu)影響線的 AC 段縱標(biāo)為零 。(B. 正確)27 圖示體系有3個振動自由度。( A. 錯誤 )28. 圖示體系有1個振動自由度。( B. 正確 )29 圖示影響線是A截面的彎矩影響線。(B. 正確 )30. 圖示梁支座反力FyA的影響線與 的影響線相同。( A. 錯誤 )31 圖示簡支梁支座反力FyB的影響線是正確的。( A. 錯誤 )三、計算題(共5道試題,共40分。)1-1畫圖示伸臂梁,F(xiàn)RA的影響線(10分)解:作影響線如( 空1 B )示。1-2畫圖示伸臂梁,F(xiàn)RA的影響線(10分)解:作影響線如( 空1 D)示。1-3畫圖示伸臂梁,F(xiàn)RA的影響線(10分)解:作影響線如( 空1A )示。2-1.作圖示靜定梁FRB的影響線(5分)解:作影響線如( 空1 B)示。2-2作圖示靜定梁FRB的影響線(5分)解:作影響線如( 空1 A)示。2-3作圖示靜定梁FRB的影響線(5分)解:作影響線如( 空1 D)示。3-1作圖示靜定梁的剪力影響線(5分)解:作影響線如( 空1 B)示。3-2 作圖示靜定梁的剪力影響線(5分)解:作影響線如( 空1 C)示。3-3作圖示靜定梁的剪力影響線(5分)解:作影響線如( 空1 D)示。4-1圖示剛架重量W.doc圖示剛架重量W=10KN都集中在橫梁上,橫梁剛度無窮大, h=4m, 立柱 ,求剛架作水平振動時的自振頻率。(10分)解:忽略桿件的軸向變形,橫梁上各質(zhì)點(diǎn)的水平位移相等。當(dāng)橫梁產(chǎn)生單位水平位移時,使剛架產(chǎn)生單位水平位移所施加的力等于柱的柱端剪力,則( 空1 B )(5分)A B C D所以剛架水平振動時的自振頻率為( 空2 C )(5分)A32 B 71 C100 D 141 4-2設(shè)剛架質(zhì)量m都集中在橫梁上,橫梁剛度無窮大,立柱EI=常數(shù)。求圖示體系水平振動時的自振頻率。(10分)解:忽略桿件的軸向變形,并且橫梁抗彎剛度無窮大,橫梁上各質(zhì)點(diǎn)的水平位移相等。當(dāng)橫梁產(chǎn)生單位水平位移時,使剛架產(chǎn)生單位水平位移所施加的力等于柱的柱端剪力之和。 ( 空1 C )(5分)A B C D 剛架水平振動時的自振頻率為 ( 空2 C )(5分)A B C D 4-3設(shè)剛架質(zhì)量m都集中在橫梁上,橫梁剛度無窮大,立柱EI=常數(shù)。求圖示體系水平振動時的自振頻率。(10分)解:求剛度系數(shù)。令橫梁發(fā)生單位水平位移,立柱兩端的剪力即為它們的側(cè)移剛度。( 空1A)(5分)A BC D E F剛架水平振動時的自振頻率為 ( 空2 A )(5分)A B C D E F5-1.求圖示體系的自振頻率,EI=常數(shù) ,桿長均為。(10分)解:求柔度系數(shù)。在C點(diǎn)加單位力,作單位彎矩圖,可求得( 空1 D )(5分)A B C D剛架水平振動時的自振頻率為 ( 空2 F )(5分)A B C D E F5-2求圖示體系的自振頻率。各桿常數(shù),桿長均為。(10分)解:求柔度系數(shù)( 空1 A )(5分)A B C D剛架水平振動時的自振頻率為 ( 空2 A )(5分)A B CD E F5-3求圖示體系的自振頻率。(10分)解:求柔度系數(shù)。在C點(diǎn)加單位力,作單位彎矩圖,可求得( 空1 E )(5分)AB C D E F剛架水平振動時的自振頻率為 ( 空2 C )(5分)AB C D E F窗體底端Winger Tuivasa-Sheck, who scored two tries in the Kiwis 20-18 semi-final win over England, has been passed fit after a lower-leg injury, while Slater has been named at full-back but is still recovering from a knee injury aggravated against USA.Both sides boast 100% records heading into the encounter but Australia have not conceded a try since Josh Charnleys effort in their first pool match against England on the opening day.Aussie winger Jarryd Hayne is the competitions top try scorer with nine, closely followed by Tuivasa-Sheck with eight.But it is recently named Rugby League International Federation player of the year Sonny Bill Williams who has attracted the most interest in the tournament so far.The Kiwi - with a tournament high 17 offloads - has the chance of becoming the first player to win the World Cup in both rugby league and rugby union after triumphing with the All Blacks in 2011."Id give every award back in a heartbeat just to get across the line this weekend," said Williams.The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend Citys Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday."I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure," he told BBC Sport."For me its about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was."Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the "racist behaviour of their fans" duringCitys 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.CSKA said they were "surprised and disappointed" by Toures complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: "We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA." Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.They blew it in 2008 when they got caught cold in the final and they will not make the same mistake against the Kiwis in Manchester.Five years ago they cruised through to the final and so far history has repeated itself here - the last try they conceded was scored by Englands Josh Charnley in the opening game of the tournament.That could be classed as a weakness, a team under-cooked - but I have been impressed by the Kangaroos focus in their games since then.They have been concentrating on the sort of stuff that wins you tough, even contests - strong defence, especially on their own goal-line, completing sets and a good kick-chase. Theyve been great at all the unglamorous stuff that often goes unnoticed in the stands but not by your team-mates.It is as though their entire tournament has been preparation for the final.In Johnathan Thurston, Cooper Cronk, Cameron Smith and either Billy Slater or Greg Inglis at full-back they have a spine that is unmatched in rugby league. They have played in so many high-pressure games - a priceless asset going into Saturday.The Kiwis are a lot less experienced but winning a dramatic match like their semi-final against England will do wonders for their confidence.They defeated Australia in the Four Nations final in 2010 and the last World Cup, and know they can rise to the big occasion.16

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