高中英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí) Unit 2 Cloning課件 新人教選修8

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1、單單詞詞名詞名詞twin, breakthrough, procedure, carrier, correction, feather, objection, medium, constitution, opera, chorus, loaf, flour, assumption, turkey, regulation, drawback, decoration, claw 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞differ, undertake, cast, object, obtain, attain, forbid, accumulate, owe, retire, bother, strike, resist, a

2、dore, hatch 形容形容詞詞exact, initial, commercial, straightforward, arbitrary, moral, conservative, compulsory, vain, unable, reasonable 副詞副詞altogether, shortly, merely短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 詞詞匯匯表表pay off, cast down, in favour of, side road, (be) bound to (do) ., strike . into ones heart, from time to time, bring back to

3、life, in vain, in good / poor condition 課課文文中中all the time, medical research on, be appropriate to, have a great impact on, make up ones mind, look back on, a matter of time, film maker, pass on句式句式. be here to stay.例句：例句：Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay.語(yǔ)法語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)同位語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)同位語(yǔ)1. _ vt. 扔扔;

4、 投投; 擲擲2. _ vt. 打擾打擾 vi. 操心操心 n. 煩擾煩擾3. _ vt. (forbade, forbad; forbidden) 禁止禁止; 不準(zhǔn)不準(zhǔn) 4. _ vt. 崇拜崇拜; 愛(ài)慕愛(ài)慕; 喜愛(ài)喜愛(ài)5. _ vi. 退休退休; 離開(kāi)離開(kāi)6. _ adj. 不能的不能的, 不會(huì)的不會(huì)的7. _ vt. & vi. 孵出孵出; 孵卵孵卵; 孵化孵化 cast botherforbidadoreretireunablehatch( (一一) )基本單詞基本單詞8. _ adj. 道德道德(上上)的的, 倫理的倫理的9. _ n. 程序程序; 步驟步驟; 手續(xù)手續(xù)10. _ n

5、. 裝飾裝飾11. _ adv. 僅僅; 只只; 不過(guò)不過(guò)12. _ n. 突破突破13. _ n. 規(guī)則規(guī)則; 規(guī)章規(guī)章; 法規(guī)法規(guī)14. _ n. 假定假定; 設(shè)想設(shè)想15. _ vi. 獲得獲得; 贏(yíng)得贏(yíng)得16. _ vt. & vi. 積累積累; 聚積聚積17. _ vt. (undertook; undertaken) 著手著手; 從事從事; 承擔(dān)承擔(dān)moralproceduredecorationmerelybreakthroughregulationassumption obtainaccumulateundertake18. _ n. 雙胞胎之一雙胞胎之一; 孿生兒之一孿生兒之

6、一 adj. 成對(duì)的成對(duì)的; 成雙的成雙的19. _ adj. 簡(jiǎn)單的簡(jiǎn)單的; 直接的直接的; 坦坦 率的率的20. _ adv. 總共總共; 完全地完全地21. _ adj. 任意的任意的22. _ n. (pl media) 媒介媒介; 手段手段; 工工 具具23. _vt. 獲得獲得; 到達(dá)（水平、年齡、到達(dá)（水平、年齡、 狀況等）狀況等）24. _ adj. 保守的保守的; 守舊的守舊的twinstraightforwardaltogetherarbitrarymediumattainconservative25. _ n. 憲法憲法; 章程章程26. _ adj. 必須做的必須做的;

7、 義務(wù)的義務(wù)的; 強(qiáng)強(qiáng) 迫的迫的; 強(qiáng)制的強(qiáng)制的27. _ vt. 欠欠(賬、錢(qián)、人情等賬、錢(qián)、人情等); 歸功于歸功于28. _ adv. 立刻立刻; 不久不久29. _ vt. & vi. (struck, struck) 打打; 撞擊撞擊; 罷工罷工 n. 罷工罷工30. _ adj. 虛榮的虛榮的; 自負(fù)的自負(fù)的; 徒勞的徒勞的constitutioncompulsoryoweshortlystrikevain1. _ vi. 相異相異; 不同不同_ adj. 不同的不同的 2. _ adj. 精確的精確的; 準(zhǔn)確的準(zhǔn)確的_ adv. 準(zhǔn)確地準(zhǔn)確地3. _ adj. 商業(yè)的商業(yè)的; 貿(mào)

8、易的貿(mào)易的_ n. 貿(mào)易貿(mào)易4. _ n. 改正改正; 糾正糾正; 修正修正_ adj. 正確的正確的; 得體的得體的 v. 改正改正; 糾正糾正 differdifferentexactexactlycommercialcommercecorrectioncorrect( (二二) )派生單詞派生單詞5. _ vi. 反對(duì)反對(duì); 不贊成不贊成_ n. 不贊成不贊成; 反對(duì)反對(duì); 異議異議 6. _ adj. 最初的最初的; 開(kāi)始的開(kāi)始的_ adv. 最初最初7. _ vt. 抵抗抵抗; 對(duì)抗對(duì)抗_ n. 抵抗抵抗; 抵觸抵觸; 反對(duì)反對(duì); 阻力阻力 8. _ adj. 合情理的合情理的; 講

9、道理的講道理的; 公公 道的道的_ (反義反義) adj. 不合理的不合理的; 過(guò)度過(guò)度 的的; 不切實(shí)際的不切實(shí)際的 objectobjectioninitialinitiallyresistresistancereasonableunreasonable1. _ 得到好結(jié)果得到好結(jié)果; 取得成功取得成功; 償償 清清 2. _ 沮喪沮喪; 不愉快不愉快3. _ 大眾傳播媒體大眾傳播媒體(如電視、報(bào)如電視、報(bào) 紙等紙等)4. _ 贊成贊成; 支持支持5. _ 旁路旁路; 支線(xiàn)支線(xiàn); 岔道岔道6. _ 一定或注定一定或注定(做做)pay offcast downthe mediain favo

10、ur ofside road(be) bound to (do)( (三三) )短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)7. _ 使使刻骨銘心刻骨銘心8. _ 不時(shí)不時(shí); 偶爾偶爾9. _ 使復(fù)生使復(fù)生; 使復(fù)活使復(fù)活10. _ 白費(fèi)力氣白費(fèi)力氣; 枉費(fèi)心機(jī)枉費(fèi)心機(jī)11. _ 狀況很好狀況很好(壞壞); 情況很好情況很好(壞壞)strike into ones heartfrom time to timebring back to lifein vainin good/poor conditionThe initial requirement is that you need perfect DNA which gives

11、information for how cells are to grow. 結(jié)構(gòu)分析：雖然句子不長(zhǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)分析：雖然句子不長(zhǎng), 但卻從句套從但卻從句套從句句, 共有三個(gè)從句。共有三個(gè)從句。( (四四) )句式句式1. undertake vt. (undertook; undertaken) 著手著手; 從事從事; 承擔(dān)承擔(dān) 課文原句課文原句: It is a difficult task to undertake. 這是一項(xiàng)很難完成的任務(wù)。這是一項(xiàng)很難完成的任務(wù)。 【歸納【歸納】 undertake sth. 承擔(dān)某事承擔(dān)某事 undertake to do sth. 許諾做某事許諾做某事;

12、同意做某事同意做某事 undertake that 保證保證( (一一) ) 單詞單詞【運(yùn)用【運(yùn)用】 He _ _ the money back in six months. 他保證他保證6個(gè)月內(nèi)還錢(qián)。個(gè)月內(nèi)還錢(qián)。undertook to pay/undertook that hewould pay 2. object vi. 反對(duì)反對(duì); 不贊成不贊成(常接介詞常接介詞to) objection n. 反對(duì)反對(duì), 異議異議 課文原句課文原句: On the other hand, Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a

13、great impact on the media and public imagination. 另一方面另一方面, 多莉羊的出現(xiàn)引起了一陣強(qiáng)烈多莉羊的出現(xiàn)引起了一陣強(qiáng)烈的反對(duì)的反對(duì), 對(duì)媒體和公眾的想象力也產(chǎn)生了對(duì)媒體和公眾的想象力也產(chǎn)生了極大的影響。極大的影響?！練w納【歸納】 object to sb. /sth. = object to doing sth./ to sb. doing sth. 不同意不同意; 不贊成不贊成; 反對(duì)反對(duì) raise an objection to sth. 對(duì)對(duì)提出異議提出異議 have/make an objection to (doing) sth

14、. 對(duì)對(duì)表示反對(duì)表示反對(duì) objective adj. 客觀(guān)的客觀(guān)的, 就事論事的就事論事的【運(yùn)用】用【運(yùn)用】用object的適當(dāng)形式填空。的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1) He didnt mean _ to my proposal, but did it. 2) His idea is reasonable and _. to objectobjective3. obtain vt. 獲得獲得; 贏(yíng)得贏(yíng)得 課文原句課文原句: Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficul

15、t to obtain, 盡管目前供克隆研究的人類(lèi)卵細(xì)胞很難盡管目前供克隆研究的人類(lèi)卵細(xì)胞很難獲得獲得, 【歸納【歸納】 obtain sth. from. 從從獲得獲得 obtain sth. through. 通過(guò)通過(guò)(某種方式或手段某種方式或手段)獲得獲得 obtain還有還有“買(mǎi)到買(mǎi)到, 借到借到”之意。之意。 e.g. Where can I obtain the dictionary. 我在哪兒能買(mǎi)到這本字典？我在哪兒能買(mǎi)到這本字典？【運(yùn)用】用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空?！具\(yùn)用】用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。 1) Surfing on internet is one of my hobbies; I c

16、an obtain much knowledge _ it. 2) All people are driven to pursue happiness in life, but the vehicles _ we obtain happiness are different. fromthrough which4. forbid vt. 禁止禁止; 不準(zhǔn)不準(zhǔn) 課文原句課文原句: Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning, . 有些政府開(kāi)始改革法律制度有些政府開(kāi)始改革法律制度,

17、 明令禁止進(jìn)明令禁止進(jìn)行克隆人類(lèi)的研究行克隆人類(lèi)的研究, 【點(diǎn)撥【點(diǎn)撥】 forbid后不能直接跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)后不能直接跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ), 但可但可 直接跟直接跟v.-ing作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ), 也可用也可用forbid sb. to do sth.形式。形式。allow/permit/advise/recommend (建議建議)也這樣用。也這樣用。 e.g. He was forbidden to leave the base as a punishment. 作為懲罰作為懲罰, 他被禁止離開(kāi)基地。他被禁止離開(kāi)基地。 The new law forbids smoking in offic

18、es. 新法律禁止在辦公室內(nèi)抽煙。新法律禁止在辦公室內(nèi)抽煙。5. owe vt. 欠欠(賬、錢(qián)、人情等賬、錢(qián)、人情等); 歸功于歸功于 課文原句課文原句: You owe the lady an apology. 你欠這位女士一個(gè)道歉。你欠這位女士一個(gè)道歉。 【歸納【歸納】 owe sb. sth.; owe sth. to sb. 欠欠(債債) owe sb. sth.; owe sth. to sb. /sth. 歸因于歸因于, 歸功于歸功于, 起源于起源于 owing to 因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)? 由于由于【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子?！具\(yùn)用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子。1) He still _ (欠我

19、欠我80美元美元) for my work.2) _ (因?yàn)橄掠暌驗(yàn)橄掠?, we couldnt come.3) 多虧有了你我才能活下來(lái)。多虧有了你我才能活下來(lái)。 I owe _ you that I am still alive.4) 我的成功應(yīng)該歸功于我的老師。我的成功應(yīng)該歸功于我的老師。 I _ my teachers. owes me $80Owing to the rainowe my success toit to6. bother vt./vi./n. 課文原句課文原句: However, the problem that she later developed a serio

20、us lung disease bothered scientists. 然而然而, 她不久之后就染上了很?chē)?yán)重的肺病她不久之后就染上了很?chē)?yán)重的肺病, 這個(gè)問(wèn)題困擾了科學(xué)家。這個(gè)問(wèn)題困擾了科學(xué)家?！練w納【歸納】 bother作動(dòng)詞作動(dòng)詞 使使煩惱煩惱, 給給造成麻煩。造成麻煩。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：常用結(jié)構(gòu)：bother sb. that .; bother sb. with/about sth.; it bothers sb. to do sth.。如：如： Usually I dont bother my friends with my little affairs. Im not bothered a

21、bout what he thinks. Does it bother you that your wife earns more money than you? It bothers me to think of her alone in that big house. 花費(fèi)時(shí)間或精力花費(fèi)時(shí)間或精力(做某事做某事), 常用于否定句或疑常用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：?jiǎn)柧洹３Ｓ媒Y(jié)構(gòu)：bother with/about sth.; bother to do sth.; bother doing sth.。如：如： Its not worth bothering with an umbrella

22、the cars just outside. He doesnt bother much about his appearance. You neednt bother to travel such a long distance. Why bother asking if youre not really interested? 打擾打擾, 搭話(huà)煩擾。搭話(huà)煩擾。如：如： Sorry to bother you, but theres a call for you on line two. bother作名詞作名詞, 意為意為“麻煩麻煩, 困難困難; 令人煩惱令人煩惱的人或事的人或事”。如：如

23、：Such is my father who doesnt want to put anyone to any bother.Im sorry to be a bother, but could I have that number again?bother 干擾別人正常工作和生活干擾別人正常工作和生活, 可能是故可能是故意的。意的。disturb 使人失去正常秩序而一時(shí)不得安寧使人失去正常秩序而一時(shí)不得安寧, 語(yǔ)氣比語(yǔ)氣比bother弱。弱。trouble 指在心情上失去平衡而感到憂(yōu)慮、苦指在心情上失去平衡而感到憂(yōu)慮、苦惱或行動(dòng)上帶來(lái)不便惱或行動(dòng)上帶來(lái)不便, 也常用于禮貌請(qǐng)求也常用于禮貌請(qǐng)求

24、: May I trouble you for?bother/disturb/trouble【運(yùn)用】完成下列句子。【運(yùn)用】完成下列句子。1) 他老是打電話(huà)給我他老是打電話(huà)給我, 使我厭煩得很。使我厭煩得很。 His phoning me all the time _ _.2) 什么事令你憂(yōu)慮不安什么事令你憂(yōu)慮不安經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題嗎？經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題嗎？ Whats _ money problems? 3) 她輕輕地開(kāi)門(mén)她輕輕地開(kāi)門(mén), 以免驚擾了睡著的孩子。以免驚擾了睡著的孩子。 She opened the door quietly so as not to _ the sleeping child.trou

25、bling youa lotdisturbbothers me7. strike vt.& vi. 打打; 撞擊撞擊; 罷工罷工; 襲擊襲擊; 報(bào)時(shí)報(bào)時(shí); 劃劃(火柴火柴) n. 罷工罷工 課文原句課文原句: The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park, in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs, proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into peoples hearts. 在在侏

26、羅紀(jì)公園侏羅紀(jì)公園這部影片中這部影片中, 有一位科學(xué)家有一位科學(xué)家克隆了好幾種不同的絕種恐龍。類(lèi)似這樣的電克隆了好幾種不同的絕種恐龍。類(lèi)似這樣的電影很受歡迎影很受歡迎, 證明了這一想法使人們感到既興證明了這一想法使人們感到既興奮又恐懼。奮又恐懼。觀(guān)察句子觀(guān)察句子, 寫(xiě)出劃線(xiàn)部分的含義。寫(xiě)出劃線(xiàn)部分的含義。 The clock has just struck 10. () It struck me that no one was at home. ( ) He struck the table a heavy blow angrily. () The girl struck a match an

27、d lit a candle. ( ) She was struck by his kindness. () They have been on strike for several days. () A big earthquake struck the area last week. ()報(bào)時(shí)報(bào)時(shí)突然突然想起想起打打, 擊擊劃劃(火柴火柴)打動(dòng)打動(dòng)罷工罷工襲擊襲擊【歸納【歸納】 strikewith 用用敲打敲打 strike against 撞到撞到 It strikes sb. that. 某人突然意識(shí)到某人突然意識(shí)到 be struck by 被被打動(dòng)打動(dòng); 深受感動(dòng)深受感動(dòng) be

28、on strike 在罷工在罷工【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子?！具\(yùn)用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子。1) He was so angry that he _ his fist. 他氣得用拳頭砸桌子。他氣得用拳頭砸桌子。2) The visitors _ the beauty of the tourist area. 游客被旅游區(qū)的美景迷住了。游客被旅游區(qū)的美景迷住了。3) _ that we could use a computer to do the job. 突然想到我們可以用電腦去做這項(xiàng)工作。突然想到我們可以用電腦去做這項(xiàng)工作。were struck bystruck the table wit

29、hIt suddenly struck me8. vain adj. 虛榮的虛榮的; 自負(fù)的自負(fù)的; 徒勞的徒勞的 課文原句課文原句: All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain if there is not enough diversity in the group to overcome illness. 如果某個(gè)動(dòng)物群體沒(méi)有足夠的多樣性以戰(zhàn)如果某個(gè)動(dòng)物群體沒(méi)有足夠的多樣性以戰(zhàn)勝疾病勝疾病, 那么克隆這種動(dòng)物的所有努力都那么克隆這種動(dòng)物的所有努力都將是無(wú)用的。將是無(wú)用的。必必會(huì)會(huì)in advance 提前提前in charge 主管主

30、管in debt 負(fù)債負(fù)債in order 井然有序井然有序in progress 有進(jìn)展有進(jìn)展in return 作為回報(bào)作為回報(bào)in theory 從理論上從理論上【歸納【歸納】 in vain 白費(fèi)力氣白費(fèi)力氣; 枉費(fèi)心機(jī)枉費(fèi)心機(jī)【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子?！具\(yùn)用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子。1) She closed her eyes tightly _ to hold back the tears. 她緊閉雙眼她緊閉雙眼, 卻無(wú)法忍住眼淚。卻無(wú)法忍住眼淚。2) 我們所有的努力都付諸東流了。我們所有的努力都付諸東流了。 All our efforts were _.in vainin a

31、vain attempt9. resist v. 課文原句課文原句: The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation. 其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是, 如果發(fā)生了某種新的疾病如果發(fā)生了某種新的疾病, 這類(lèi)這類(lèi) 動(dòng)物中的一些可能會(huì)死去動(dòng)物中的一些可能會(huì)死去, 而另一些卻能存而另一些卻能存 活下來(lái)活下來(lái), 并且把這種

32、抗疫力傳給下一代。并且把這種抗疫力傳給下一代?！練w納【歸納】 抵抗抵抗, 回?fù)艋負(fù)? 反抗。反抗。如：如： She was charged with resisting arrest. The soldiers resisted (the enemy attacks) for two days. 抵制抵制, 阻擋。其后接動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)阻擋。其后接動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí), 要用動(dòng)要用動(dòng)詞詞-ing形式。形式。如：如： The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates. 忍住忍住, 抵擋。其后接動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)抵擋。其后接動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí), 要用要用 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing

33、形式。形式。如：如： John couldnt resist showing off his new car. 不受不受(某事物某事物)的損害或影響的損害或影響, 抗抗, 耐。耐。如如: A healthy diet should help your body resist infection. We need a kind of glass that resists heat.【拓展【拓展】 resistance n. 抵抗抵抗, 反抗反抗, 電阻電阻, 抵抗力抵抗力 resistant adj. 抵抗的抵抗的, 有抵抗力的有抵抗力的課文原句課文原句:But at last the dete

34、rmination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough the cloning of Dolly the sheep. 但是但是, 科學(xué)家的決心和耐心最終得到了回報(bào)科學(xué)家的決心和耐心最終得到了回報(bào), 這就是這就是1996年具有突破性的克隆年具有突破性的克隆“多莉多莉”的誕生。的誕生。 1. pay off 得到好結(jié)果得到好結(jié)果; 取得成功取得成功; 償清償清 ( (二二) )短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)【歸納【歸納】 pay sb. for sth. = pay sth. to sb. for sth. 付錢(qián)給某

35、人作為付錢(qián)給某人作為的費(fèi)用的費(fèi)用 pay for sth. 為某事吃苦頭或受懲罰為某事吃苦頭或受懲罰; 花錢(qián)花錢(qián) 買(mǎi)某物買(mǎi)某物 pay back 還錢(qián)還錢(qián); 報(bào)復(fù)報(bào)復(fù) pay attention to 注意注意 pay a visit to 訪(fǎng)問(wèn)訪(fǎng)問(wèn) pay out (為某事為某事)付出大筆款項(xiàng)付出大筆款項(xiàng)【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子?！具\(yùn)用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子。 Sometimes we have had to _ deadly _ mistakes. 有時(shí)候我們不得不為錯(cuò)誤付出沉重的代價(jià)。有時(shí)候我們不得不為錯(cuò)誤付出沉重的代價(jià)。 He _ by not coming. 他以不來(lái)的方式報(bào)復(fù)了

36、我。他以不來(lái)的方式報(bào)復(fù)了我。 With the help of a lot of people, our plan _ (成功了成功了).pay forpaid me backpaid off2. in favour of 支持支持, 贊成贊成 課文原句課文原句: Is it in favour of cloning or against it？ 它是贊成克隆行為還是反對(duì)？它是贊成克隆行為還是反對(duì)？ 【拓展【拓展】 與與in favour of 同義或反義的常用短語(yǔ)：同義或反義的常用短語(yǔ)： approve of 贊同贊同, 贊許贊許 be for 贊成贊成, 主張主張 on ones side

37、 在某人一邊在某人一邊 be against 反對(duì)反對(duì) object to 不贊成不贊成, 反對(duì)反對(duì)必必會(huì)會(huì)owe sb. a favour 欠某人人情欠某人人情do sb. the favour to do sth.幫某人做某事幫某人做某事in sb.s favour/in favour of sb.對(duì)某人有利的對(duì)某人有利的do sb. a favourdo a favour for sb.幫某人忙幫某人忙3. in good/poor condition 狀況很好狀況很好(壞壞); 情況很好情況很好(壞壞) 課文原句課文原句: The dodo became extinct fairly

38、recently so its DNA is still in good condition. 渡渡鳥(niǎo)滅絕時(shí)間相當(dāng)近渡渡鳥(niǎo)滅絕時(shí)間相當(dāng)近, 因此它的因此它的DNA仍然仍然狀況良好。狀況良好。 【歸納【歸納】 out of condition 健康狀況欠佳健康狀況欠佳 working/living/studying condition 工作工作/生活生活/學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境 on condition (that) 在在條件下條件下; 倘若倘若 on no condition 決不決不; 一點(diǎn)也不一點(diǎn)也不(放在句首放在句首, 句子用部分倒句子用部分倒 裝裝)【運(yùn)用【運(yùn)用】 Travellers ar

39、e advised not to fly because of _ _ _. 因?yàn)樘鞖馇闆r惡劣因?yàn)樘鞖馇闆r惡劣, 旅行者們被勸告不旅行者們被勸告不 要乘飛機(jī)。要乘飛機(jī)。 The employees agreed to speak to us _ _ _ they wouldnt be named. 那幾位雇員同意與我們談?wù)勀菐孜还蛦T同意與我們談?wù)? 條件是不條件是不 要說(shuō)出他們的名字。要說(shuō)出他們的名字。poor weather conditionson condition that( (三三) )句式句式Cloning has always been with us and is here t

40、o stay. 克隆一直與我們同在，克隆一直與我們同在， 而今它還要持續(xù)下去。而今它還要持續(xù)下去?！癰e here to stay” 是習(xí)語(yǔ)是習(xí)語(yǔ), 意思是意思是 “be accepted and used by most people (被普遍接受被普遍接受; 成為風(fēng)尚成為風(fēng)尚)”。e.g. It looks as if televised trials are here to stay. 看來(lái)電視直播審判已為大多數(shù)人所接受?？磥?lái)電視直播審判已為大多數(shù)人所接受?！究祭究祭?. Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale Universi

41、ty yesterday? Yeah, but I have no idea _ he did it; thats one of his favorite universities. A. when B. why C. that D. how 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句, 對(duì)對(duì)idea作進(jìn)一步的解釋。由作進(jìn)一步的解釋。由thats one of his favorite universities可知可知, 不不知道他拒絕那所大學(xué)的原因。知道他拒絕那所大學(xué)的原因。同位語(yǔ)從句點(diǎn)撥同位語(yǔ)從句點(diǎn)撥2. The only way to succeed at the highest level is t

42、o have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field. A. how B. that C. which D. whether 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句, 對(duì)對(duì)belief作進(jìn)一步的解釋作進(jìn)一步的解釋, 又因從句意義完整且不缺任何成分。又因從句意義完整且不缺任何成分。 3. The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed. A. when B. that C. whether D. how 引導(dǎo)

43、同位語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句, 對(duì)對(duì)notice作進(jìn)一步的解釋作進(jìn)一步的解釋, 又因從句意義完整且不缺任何成分。又因從句意義完整且不缺任何成分?！就卣埂就卣埂客徽Z(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：1. 同位語(yǔ)從句是名詞性的同位語(yǔ)從句是名詞性的, 其功能是說(shuō)明名詞其功能是說(shuō)明名詞的內(nèi)容的內(nèi)容; 定語(yǔ)從句是形容詞性的定語(yǔ)從句是形容詞性的, 其功能通其功能通常是修飾先行詞常是修飾先行詞, 對(duì)先行詞加以限定對(duì)先行詞加以限定, 說(shuō)明說(shuō)明其性質(zhì)、特征等。其性質(zhì)、特征等。2. 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的that是連接詞是連接詞, 在從句中在從句中沒(méi)有含義、不作成分沒(méi)有含義、不作成分, 一

44、般不能省略一般不能省略; 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的定語(yǔ)從句的that是關(guān)系代詞是關(guān)系代詞, 可作主語(yǔ)、賓可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ), 作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。如：作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。如： The news that our team has won the match is encouraging. (同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句) The news (that) we heard on the radio yesterday was true. (定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句)【運(yùn)用】用適當(dāng)連接詞【運(yùn)用】用適當(dāng)連接詞/關(guān)系詞完成短文。關(guān)系詞完成短文。 Working parents often put their kids i

45、n day care center. While most parents interviewed say they are satisfied with the day care 1. _ they use, experts have the belief 2. _ only about 12 percent of children receive high quality care. Many parents really have no idea 3. _ good their day care service is. that/whichthathowWhen choosing a d

46、ay care center, of course parents want to know how much it costs. But there are many other questions 4. _ parents should ask. Parents need to know if the caregiver is loving and responds to the childs needs. Does the caregiver hug the child, talk to the child, play with the child? However, experts m

47、ake the suggestion 5. _ parents should not put their babies in child care center for the first four months. During this time, it is important for babies to form an attachment to their mothers.that/which that【寫(xiě)作任務(wù)【寫(xiě)作任務(wù)】 最近有一名美國(guó)留學(xué)生在你校英文論壇發(fā)最近有一名美國(guó)留學(xué)生在你校英文論壇發(fā)帖稱(chēng)，家庭作業(yè)不僅占用了他大量的業(yè)余時(shí)帖稱(chēng)，家庭作業(yè)不僅占用了他大量的業(yè)余時(shí)間，而且毫無(wú)必

48、要。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文回間，而且毫無(wú)必要。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文回復(fù)他的帖子，列舉理由（至少三點(diǎn)）來(lái)反駁復(fù)他的帖子，列舉理由（至少三點(diǎn)）來(lái)反駁他的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。他的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。 注意：詞數(shù)注意：詞數(shù)100左右。左右。如何寫(xiě)觀(guān)點(diǎn)論證型議論文如何寫(xiě)觀(guān)點(diǎn)論證型議論文【寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)【寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)】 一、審題定調(diào)一、審題定調(diào) 該習(xí)作要求反駁對(duì)方該習(xí)作要求反駁對(duì)方“家庭作業(yè)毫無(wú)家庭作業(yè)毫無(wú)必要必要”的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，是一篇觀(guān)點(diǎn)論證型議論文。的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，是一篇觀(guān)點(diǎn)論證型議論文。因此寫(xiě)作時(shí)首先應(yīng)該根據(jù)提示闡明自己的因此寫(xiě)作時(shí)首先應(yīng)該根據(jù)提示闡明自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，然后圍繞這一觀(guān)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行論證，論證觀(guān)點(diǎn)，然后圍繞這一觀(guān)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行論證，論證過(guò)程要做到層次分明、有理有據(jù)

49、。人稱(chēng)以過(guò)程要做到層次分明、有理有據(jù)。人稱(chēng)以第一人稱(chēng)為主，時(shí)態(tài)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主。第一人稱(chēng)為主，時(shí)態(tài)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主。二、謀篇布局二、謀篇布局 就本篇習(xí)作而言，我們可以把全文分為就本篇習(xí)作而言，我們可以把全文分為三部分：三部分： 第一部分第一部分: 引出話(huà)題，闡明觀(guān)點(diǎn)引出話(huà)題，闡明觀(guān)點(diǎn)(就對(duì)方就對(duì)方觀(guān)點(diǎn)提出反對(duì)意見(jiàn)觀(guān)點(diǎn)提出反對(duì)意見(jiàn))； 第二部分第二部分: 分層論述分層論述(家庭作業(yè)能夠幫助家庭作業(yè)能夠幫助學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)和預(yù)習(xí)、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自學(xué)能力、學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)和預(yù)習(xí)、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自學(xué)能力、向老師反饋學(xué)生對(duì)知識(shí)的掌握情況向老師反饋學(xué)生對(duì)知識(shí)的掌握情況); 第三部分第三部分: 總結(jié)全文總結(jié)全文, 重申態(tài)度重申態(tài)度

50、(適量合適量合理的家庭作業(yè)對(duì)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)有促進(jìn)作用理的家庭作業(yè)對(duì)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)有促進(jìn)作用)。三、組織語(yǔ)言三、組織語(yǔ)言就本篇習(xí)作而言，每個(gè)部分可圍繞以下內(nèi)容組織語(yǔ)就本篇習(xí)作而言，每個(gè)部分可圍繞以下內(nèi)容組織語(yǔ)言。言。1. 第一部分：引出話(huà)題，闡明觀(guān)點(diǎn)。第一部分：引出話(huà)題，闡明觀(guān)點(diǎn)。普通表達(dá)普通表達(dá)高級(jí)表達(dá)高級(jí)表達(dá)Im sorry to hear that . but I dont agree that .Hearing ., I feelsympathetic towardsyou. However, in myopinion, .You say / think /believe . However,

51、I would say / think / believe .In your opinion, . Asfar as Im concerned .普通表達(dá)普通表達(dá)高級(jí)表達(dá)高級(jí)表達(dá)By doing homework, we can practice what we have learned and prepare for the new lessons.Homework ensures /guarantees review andpreview.Homework helps usdevelop / is good fordeveloping abilities tostudy independe

52、ntly /on our own.Homework is beneficialto the development ofself-study abilities /competence.2. 第二部分：分層論述。第二部分：分層論述。普通表達(dá)普通表達(dá)高級(jí)表達(dá)高級(jí)表達(dá)Homework allows ourteachers to find outwhether we understandthe subject or not / howwell or how badly weare performing.Homework providesfeedback to ourteachers.If we pe

53、rform badly,our teachers will try tohelp us.If we do a poor job, ourteachers will takemeasures to help us.普通表達(dá)普通表達(dá)高級(jí)表達(dá)高級(jí)表達(dá)Therefore, I think . helps . a lot.All in all, . is Good for .To sum up / In conclusion, .is of great benefit to .According to the above, we can conclude / draw the conclusion th

54、at . is beneficial / of great benefit to .3. 第三部分：總結(jié)全文，重申態(tài)度。第三部分：總結(jié)全文，重申態(tài)度。【范文展示【范文展示】 普通范文普通范文 Im sorry to hear that your homework takes up too much of your spare time but I dont agree that homework is unnecessary. Firstly, by doing homework, we can practicewhat we have learned and prepare for the

55、new lessons. Secondly, homework helps us develop abilities to study independently. For example, some homework needs investigating, summarizing, analyzing and evaluating. These are all important skills. Thirdly, homework allows our teachers to find out whether we understand the subject or not. If we

56、perform badly, our teachers will try to help us. Therefore, I think proper amounts of homework in proper forms can help us a lot. 高級(jí)范文高級(jí)范文 Hearing your homework takes up too much of your spare time, I feel sympathetic towards you. However, in my opinion, homework is an essential part of learning pro

57、cess. Firstly, homework ensures review and preview. In addition, homework is beneficial to thedevelopment of self-study abilities. For example,some assignments involve investigating,summarizing, analyzing and evaluating, whichare all important skills. Finally, homework provides feedback to our teach

58、ers. If we do a poor job, our teachers will take measures to help us. In conclusion, proper amounts of homework in proper forms are of great benefit to us.1. I just need to make a few _ (correct), and then we can send it to the printer.2. We may ask her a few questions to make sure we know _ (exact)

59、 what she wants.3. You could press the flowers that were used at the event and then use them as the _ (decorate).I. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。exactly correctionsdecoration4. Im sure there is a perfectly _ (reason) explanation for his absence.5. The only _ (object) I have is that it may cost more t

60、han expected.6. Your argument is based on a completely false _ (assume).objection assumptionreasonableII. 把下列句子改寫(xiě)為含同位語(yǔ)把下列句子改寫(xiě)為含同位語(yǔ)(從句從句)的復(fù)的復(fù) 合句合句, 并使句意基本保持不變。并使句意基本保持不變。1. A new kind of carrier rocket has successfully finished its first flight and the news is very exciting. The news that a new kind

61、of carrier rocket has successfully finished its first flight is very exciting.2. The sick elephant, the one in the third cage, attacked its trainer. The sick elephant that was in the third cage attacked its trainer.3. Ann thinks money is the most important thing in life and I dont agree with her opi

62、nion. I dont agree with Anns opinion that money is the most important thing in life.4. Bill and Eric are our neighbors and they are going to Disneyland tomorrow. Bill and Eric, our neighbors, are going to Disneyland tomorrow.5. There are some things we cant control and we must face the fact. We must

63、 face the fact that there are some things we cant control.6. I suggested that we should share the cost but they didnt like that. They didnt like my suggestion that we should share the cost.7. The California coastline is the longest of all the states and it is a national treasure of the USA. The Cali

64、fornia coastline, the longest of all the states, is a national treasure of the USA. III. 閱讀下面材料閱讀下面材料, 在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容 (1個(gè)個(gè) 單詞單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?；蚶ㄌ?hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Is the idea of printing body parts science-fiction? Research 1. _ (be) underway for years and is starting to pay 2. _. The principle of the

65、 type of printer is almost the same as a normal printer but instead of ink it uses a mixture of gelatin (明明膠膠) and living cells 3. _ (build) biological structures. If the “ink” containsto build has beenoffhuman embryonic stem cells (hESCs), the 3-D tissue could then develop into a human organ such a

66、s a kidney or heart. hESCs 4. _ (obtain) from human embryos. They differ 5. _ other cells in that they can develop into any cell type in an adult person. They are ideal for use in replacing, repairing, or regenerating cells, tissue, or organs 6. _ are in poor condition. They can be placed in a solution that/which are obtainedfromthat contains biological 7. _ (instruct) that tell them to develop into tissue types. The process starts with the cells 8. _ (form) embryoid bodies. Bio-printers can pro