2019-2020年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)講義 第17章 各種狀語從句.doc

2019-2020年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)講義 第17章 各種狀語從句狀語從句，是中考的熱點，而且也是使用很廣泛的一個從句。對其考查的的形式比較多，有的試題直接考查的是從屬連詞的用法，有的試題是從句式的角度來進(jìn)行考查等等。在復(fù)習(xí)時，主要掌握好狀語從句的常用句式，尤其是對于狀語從句的從屬連詞應(yīng)該做到靈活掌握熟練運用。內(nèi)容導(dǎo)視知識點1狀語從句的分類知識點2時間狀語從句的用法知識點3地點狀語從句和條件狀語從句的用法知識點4原因狀語從句和讓步狀語從句的用法知識點5比較狀語從句和方式狀語從句的用法知識點6目的狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句的用法知識詳單知識點1狀語從句的分類狀語從句連詞時間when, while, as，since ，till, until, before, after, as soon as, no soonerthan, hardly(scarcely)when, the minute, the second，every( each time) 地點where, wherever, everywhere條件if, unless, as(so) long as ,in case原因Because, since, as, now that, seeing that, in that, considering that讓步Though, although, even if(though)，。，whatever, wherever, whoever, however. no matter+ wh-比較Asas, (not) the same.，not so.。，than方式as, as if(though)目的so that, in order that, in case ,for fear that, lest結(jié)果so that, sothat, such. that, but that知識點2時間狀語從句的用法從屬連詞用法例句While“與同時，在期間”，從句常用延續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的詞Dont talk loud while （as）others are working.別人工作時，請勿大聲說話。When“當(dāng)時”，表示主句的動作和從句的動作同時或先后發(fā)生，從句的動詞可用延續(xù)性動詞，也可用非延續(xù)性動詞It was raining when we arrived.我們到達(dá)時，天正下著雨。when you read the poem a second time, the meaning will bee clearer to you.當(dāng)你再讀一遍這首詩, ，你就更清楚它的含義。As“正當(dāng)，一邊一邊，隨著”，表示兩個動作同時發(fā)生或某事發(fā)生時，另一個動作發(fā)生了As time went on, his theory proved to be correct.隨著時間的推移，他的理論被證明是正確的。Till/until用于肯定句時，表示“直到為止”，主句必須為延續(xù)性動詞;not. .until/till表示“直到才”，主句常用短暫性動詞We shall wait until/till he es back.我們將一直等到他回來。I didnt leave until/till she finished her homework.直到她完成作業(yè).我才離開。Since“自以來”，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時，從句用一般過去時I have heard。lot of good things about you sinfrom abroad.自從我從國外回來，我已經(jīng)聽許多好的事情。Before在以前He must finish all the work before he goes home.回家之前他必須完成所有的工作。After在.之后Iets play football after school is over.放學(xué)后我們打籃球吧。【知識拓展】時間狀語從句的時態(tài)問題:在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，主句如果使用一般將來時態(tài)，從句使用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，即所謂的主將從現(xiàn)。例如:As soon as I arrive in Beijing, I will ring you up. 我一到北京就給你打電話。Youll fall behind the others unless you study hard.如果你不努力學(xué)習(xí)，你將會落后于其他人。知識點3地點狀語從句和條件狀語從句的用法分類從屬連詞例句地點狀語從句where在地方，wherever，無論哪里Where there is a will，there is a way.有志者，事竟成Wherever you go，you must obey the law.無論你去哪兒，你都要遵守法律。條件狀語從句if如果;unless除非，如果不If Y make any mistakes，please point them out in time.如果我犯錯誤，請及時指出來。Dont ask me to explain unless you really dont understand.不要讓我解釋，除非你真的不懂。in case假使，萬一Write down her telephone number in case you forget.把她的電話號碼記下來萬一你忘了呢。so/as long as只要，如果You can go out as/so long as you promise to be back before 11 oclock.你可以出去，只要你答應(yīng)在點前回來【知識拓展】 if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句和賓語從句的區(qū)別: if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，表示“如果”，主句用一般將來時態(tài)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。例如:If it doesnt rain, I will go to the cinema tomorrow.如果明天不下雨，我就去看電影。（2）if引導(dǎo)賓語從句，表示“是否”，如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可用各種對應(yīng)的時態(tài); 如果主句是一般過去時，從句用過去的某種時態(tài)。例如:I didnt know if he would e tomorrow.我不知道他明天是否會來。知識點4原因狀語從句和讓步狀語從句的用法分類從屬連詞例句原因狀語從句because因為，as，因為，since既然He couldnt have seen me because I was not there. 他不可能看見我，因為我當(dāng)時不在那兒。As it rained，we all stayed at home.由于下雨我們都待在家里。Since we are all here, lets reach a decision now.既然大家都來了，現(xiàn)在讓我們做決定吧。Now that/in that/seeing that/considering that既然，由于I neednt say anything in that you have known it.由于你已經(jīng)知道了，我沒有必要說什么了。Considering that he is very young, he does it very well考慮到他很年輕，他做得很不錯了。讓步狀語從句although/though雖然，盡管Though he is very poor, he is very happy.他雖然很窮，但他很快樂。Although he is young, he is very clever.他盡管年輕，但很聰明。盡管aSHard as I tried, I was unable to make great progress.盡管我盡力了，但是仍然不能取得大的進(jìn)步。Clever as he is, he doesnt study well.盡管他聰明，但是他學(xué)習(xí)并不好。even if/even though即使Even if he is very busy, he always helps me.即使他很忙，他也總是幫助我。I will have a try even though I should fail.即使會失敗，我也要試一下。whether. or不管還是Whether the weather is good or bad，we will set off as planned. 不管天氣是好還是壞，我們都將按計劃啟程。 飛whatever/whoever/whenever/however等詞可以引導(dǎo)狀語從句No matter which (Whichever) road you take, you will arrive safely.不管你走哪條路，你都能安全到達(dá)。However (No matter how) expensive it may be, Ill take it.無論它有多貴，我都要買下它?！局R拓展“疑問詞+ever與“no matter+疑問詞”的用法:“疑問詞+eve91ever作為引導(dǎo)詞，在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，相當(dāng)于“no matter+疑問詞”。 例如:Keep calm，whatever/no matter what happens. 無論發(fā)生什么事都要保持冷靜。Whosever/No matter whose bag it is，it will be kept here until the owner returns.不管這是誰的包，都要保管到主人回來。知識點5比較狀語從句和方式狀語從句的用法分類從屬連詞例句比較狀語從句than比，as. as和一樣not as/so. as .不如, themorethe more.越就越He can run faster than you (can).他能跑得比你快。The result was not as/so good as I had expected.結(jié)果不如我所預(yù)料的那么好。The busier he is the happier lie feels.他越忙越覺得開心。方式狀語從句as正如，像，按照When in Rome，do as the Romans do.人鄉(xiāng)隨俗。Would you please do the experiment as I am doing?請你按照我做的方法來做實驗好嗎?方式狀語從句aS if/as though好像The boss speaks aloud as if he is very angry.老板大聲說著話，好像他很生氣。He acted as though nothing had happened.他表現(xiàn)得好像什么也沒有發(fā)生?！疽族e警示】as if或 as though ：二者可以互換，在引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句時，從句常使用虛擬語氣;但如果從句所說的內(nèi)容可能性很大，則需要使用陳述語氣，即從句謂語動詞應(yīng)使用適當(dāng)?shù)膭釉~時態(tài)。例如:They talk very loudly as if/as though nobody were around.他們說話聲音很大，好像周圍沒人似的。He speaks as if he had been in England for years.他說話就好像他在英國待了很多年。(可能性小，用的是虛擬語氣)!He speaks as if he has been in England for years.他說話就好像他在英國待了很多年。(可能性大，用的是陳述語氣)知識點6目的狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句的用法分類從屬連詞例句目的狀語從句so() that為了，以便;in order that為了Ill speak slowly so that you can understand.我會講慢一點，以便您可以理解。Go early in order that you can get a good seat.為7得到好座位，你要早點去。lest以防;in case以免，以防;for fear以便，唯恐，以防Put on more clothes lest you should catch a cold.多穿點衣服，以防感冒。He worked very hard for fear that he might be fired by the boss. 他工作很努力，恐被老板解雇。結(jié)果狀語從句so that以至于，SO.that如此以至于The box is so heavy that I cant carry it.這個箱子如此重以至于我搬不動它。The girl was very hungry so that she ate the whole pizza.那個女孩非常餓以至于她吃了一整個比薩餅。such. that如此以至于Jenny is such a clever girl that all of us like her very much.珍妮是如此聰明的女孩，以至于我們都非常喜歡她?！局R拓展】so/such. that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時可把，so/such置于句首，主句用倒裝語序。例如:Such was his worry that he couldnt go on with his work.他如此擔(dān)憂，以致不能繼續(xù)上班了。So carelessly did he drive that he was nearly killed.他開車如此粗心，以致差點兒喪命?？键c突破考點1考查時間狀語從句的用法1.(龍東中考)-Henry, please call us as soon as you _ Hawaii.-OK. Ill do that, Mom. A. arrive in B. are arriving in C. will arrive at【解析】選擇A as soon as結(jié)構(gòu)意為“一就，” 引導(dǎo)時間狀講從句，主句為祈使句，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。Hawaii 為大地點.因此用in.考點2考查地點狀語從句的用法2.(揚州中考)-My friend has achieved his goal after years of hard work.- Great.AOne tree can make a forest B. Where there is a will，there is a wayC. Many hands make light work D. A friend in need is a friend indeed【解析】選B 第一個人闡述自己的朋友經(jīng)過多年努力實現(xiàn)目標(biāo).，第二個人表示祝賀，同時，發(fā)表自己對此事的看法。應(yīng)該是“有志者，事竟成”.該句是where引導(dǎo)的地點狀語從句?？键c3考查條件狀語從句的用法3.(十堰中考)_ deal with our problems, we can easily bee unhappy. A. Until B. If C. Unless D. Though【解析】選C。句意為:除非我們處理好問題，否則會很容易變得不快樂。unless意為“除非”，符合句意。4.(達(dá)州中考)-Excuse me, could you please tell me if the sports meeting_ on time? -Hard to say. If it_ tomorrow, well have to put it off. A. will hold; rains B. will be held; rains C. will be held; will rain D. holds; will rain 【解析】選B。第一空為if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，表示的是將來的情況，且為被動;第二空是if引導(dǎo)的時間狀語 從句，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。故選B,考點4考查原因狀語從句的用法5.(佛山中考)I am writing to you _Im afraid to talk about it face to face.Because，though C. until 【解析】選A 句意為:我正在給你寫信，因為我害怕當(dāng)面和你交談。用because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句?？键c5考查讓步狀語從句的用法6.(無錫中考)On those foggy days, you could hardly see anything around you_ it was at noon. A. so B. because C. but D. though 【解析】選D。句意為:在那些有霧的日子里，盡管是在中午，你也根本看不清任何在你周圍的事物。though 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管”?？键c6考查目的狀語從句的用法7.(濱州中考)The teacher asked me to read aloud _ all the students could hear me.A- so that B. for C. because D. in order to【解析】選A。大聲朗讀的目的是讓所有的學(xué)生都能聽到，空后是表示目的的狀語從句.要用so that引導(dǎo)?？键c7考查結(jié)果狀語從句的用法8.(淮安中考)Prince George is _ lovely that many people like him very much. A. very B. such C. as D. so 【解析】選D, lovely是形容詞，用so修飾，構(gòu)成so. that結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“如此以至于”?？键c8考查比較狀語從句的用法9.(綏化中考)The _ you do for others, the_you will feelA. mucher; happier B. more; happier C. much; happy【解析】選B, "the +比較級，the+比較級”表示“越就越”。句憊為:你越多幫助別人，就感到越快樂。