2019版高考英語一輪基礎習選題 Unit 4 Making the news（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

Making the news一、閱讀理解。During the last decade the number of people living past 100 has increased by 71 percent. While one expert believed this figure will continue to rise, he stated that anyone hoping to live for double or triple(三倍) this time will be disappointed. Speaking at a conference, Colin Blakemore, 70, a British scientist, claimed there is a ceiling on how long humans can live, and six score years “might be a real absolute limit to human lifespan. ”A group of scientists discussed the future of medicine, global health concerns and life expectancy. It agreed that medicines will have a limited impact on extending human life, and it was more important to improve the health and quality of life for older people, rather than prolonging it. The group also stated it was important to improve the life expectancy in poorer areas where people typically die much younger than other areas. The 2014 Global Age Watch Index(全球年齡指數(shù)), which ranks 96 nations on the quality of life for the elderly, recently stated that by 2050, the number of over 60s will be 21 percent of the global population. This is almost double the current figure of 12 percent. The percentage of over 80s is growing fastest, tooexpected to rise from 2 percent now to 4 percent of the global population by 2050. While it could take years of research to extend humans lives, the study raises the possibility of anti-ageing treatments in a new way, according to Dr Kapahi. The research, reported in the journal Cell Reports, may explain why it has proved so difficult to identify single genes(基因) responsible for the long lives enjoyed by humans. “Its quite probable that interactions between genes are critical in those fortunate enough to live very long, healthy lives, ” said Dr Kapahi. Future research is expected to use mice to see if the same effects occur in mammals. 【文章大意】在過去十年里, 壽命達到100歲以上的老人的數(shù)量激增了71%。但是英國科學家柯林布雷克莫爾提出, 人類的壽命是有上限的, 而120歲很可能就是這個上限。1. How many years can man live according to Colin Blakemore? A. 120 years. B. 200 years. C. 130 years. D. 150 years. 【解析】選A。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章首段末句中的“six score years might be a real absolute limit to human lifespan”可知Colin Blakemore認為人的壽命是有上限的, 而120歲很可能就是這個上限, 故選A。2. The underlined word “prolonging” in Paragraph 2 probably means _. A. limitB. enjoyC. shortenD. lengthen【解析】選D。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)前半句內(nèi)容可知人們都認為藥物對延長人類壽命的影響是有限的, 對于老年人來說, 與其延長壽命, 不如改善健康情況, 提升生活質(zhì)量。句中的extending human life 是信息詞, 故選D。3. According to the passage, we can know _. A. by 2050, the number of over 80s will rise by four percentB. people can depend on medicine for long life in the futureC. scientists will use mice to do further researchD. the research was carried out by the journal Cell Reports【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章末段中的“Future research is expected to use mice to see if the same effects occur in mammals. ”可知研究人員將用老鼠來進行進一步的研究, 故選C。4. Where can you find this passage? A. A travel journal. B. A science fiction. C. A health report. D. An economic report. 【解析】選C。推理判斷題。文章介紹了科學家的最新研究人類壽命的上限是120歲, 這屬于人類生命健康話題, 故選C。二、單句語法填空1We must concentrate our effort on _ (find) ways to reduce costs.答案：findingconcentrate ones effort on . “集中精力”，on為介詞，故填動名詞finding。2They study hard _ (acquire) a good knowledge of English.答案：to acquire此處不定式在句中作目的狀語。3Ill keep you _ (inform) of the progress made at any time.答案：informedkeep sb. informed of sth. “通知某人某事/使某人了解某事”。4It is difficult _ (assess) the effects of these changes.答案：to assessIt isadj.to do sth. “做某事是的”。5You can never depend on it _ he can arrive on time.答案：thatdepend on it that “指望/相信”。6Are you _ (accuse) me of lying to the headmaster?Im sure you did.答案：accusingaccuse sb. of (doing) sth. “指責/控告某人(做)某事”。本句是一般疑問句，謂語動詞用了現(xiàn)在進行時。7All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to _ (receive) in time for Christmas.答案：be receivedso as to do . “為了做”，gifts與receive之間為被動關系，故應填be received。8There are cases _ this rule does not work.答案：where若定語從句的先行詞為抽象地點名詞case, stage, point, position, condition等時，且定語從句中缺少地點狀語，應用where引導定語從句。9He left the classroom without the _ (approve) of the teacher.答案：approval由空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知，設空處應填名詞形式，即approval。10People demanded that the injured _ (take) to hospital at once.答案：(should) be takendemand意為“要求”，后跟賓語從句時，從句應用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞用“should動詞原形”，should可以省略。主語the injured與動詞take之間是被動關系，故用被動語態(tài)。三、完形填空。I started serving the homeless when I was eight years old. I didnt know these people would make such a big difference in my _1_.Twice a month I go to the church and help get things ready for _2_. When the gate is opened, people e in _3_ to get drinks. They take their seats while breakfast is _4_， and then we begin to _5_. We each take two plates and carry them _6_ the line as the plates are _7_. Each person receives several kinds of foods. I walk to the tables and _8_ the plates before them. After Ive served them, I ask if they need _9_ else and bring them whatever they ask for. When I first started serving, I was a little _10_ . At first I stayed close to my mom most of the time, but after I got to know these strangers, I _11_ that they were friendly people. And the _12_ of them was often nicer than the outside. I realized that there was no _13_ to be scared. After serving for a few months, I started to _14_ seeing the same people each week. All of these people make my day much _15_. The past two years have made a big _16_ in my life. I do this _17_ it is the right thing to do. When I serve people, I want them to know that someone _18_ them and that they matter. Serving makes me happy, but even more _19_， it teaches me to love and _20_ others and helps make the world a better place.【解題導浯】本文是一篇記敘文。“我”通過自己八歲跟隨媽媽到教堂做慈善活動的親身經(jīng)歷，感悟到了人生的意義。1. Astudy Bwork Cfamily Dlife答案與解析：D考查名詞。首先空處所在句是全文的主旨句，又根據(jù)文章最后一段第二句“The past two years have made a big _16_ in my life”可知，這些人對“我”的人生(life)產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。故選D項。2. Abreakfast Bbrunch Clunch Ddinner答案與解析：A考查名詞。根據(jù)4空所在句可知，此處應該是為早餐(breakfast)做準備工作。故選A項。3. Asecretly Bquickly Cslowly Dseparately答案與解析：B考查副詞。根據(jù)生活常識可知，肯定是快速地(quickly)進教堂來取飲料。故選B項。4. Aordered Benjoyed Cprepared Dtasted答案與解析：C考查動詞。根據(jù)空處所在句句意可知，我們準備早飯時，他們坐下來。故選C項。5. Aeat Bserve Cleave Dtry答案與解析：B考查動詞。根據(jù)第一段的“I started serving the homeless”可知，我們侍候無家可歸者，為他們提供飯菜。故選B項。6. Abefore Bbeyond Cabove Dalong答案與解析：D考查介詞。此處表示：我們每個人拿兩個盤子，沿著座位給他們端上食物。before“在面前”；beyond“超出的范圍”；above“在上方”；along“沿著旁邊”。故選D項。7. Aemptied Bwashed Cfilled Ddried答案與解析：C考查動詞。根據(jù)句意可知，當盤子被盛滿(filled)食物的時候我們才把盤子端給無家可歸者。故選C項。8. Amake Bset Cfix Dshow答案與解析：B考查動詞。根據(jù)空前的“I walk to the tables”可知，“我”應該是把盤子放置(set)在他們的餐桌上。故選B項。9. Anothing Beverything Cwhat Danything答案與解析：D考查不定代詞。根據(jù)空處所在句句意可知，“我”詢問他們是否還有其他需要。故選D項。10. Asurprised Bembarrassed Cscared Dpuzzled答案與解析：C考查形容詞。根據(jù)上下文可知，剛開始時“我”有點害怕(scared)。下文的“to be scared”也是提示。11. Arealized Badmitted Cclaimed Dswore答案與解析：A考查動詞。根據(jù)語境可知，隨著“我”對這些人的深入了解，“我”意識到他們是友善的。realize“意識到”；admit“承認”；claim“聲稱”；swear“發(fā)誓”。故選A項。12. Apast Binside Csurface Dfront答案與解析：B考查名詞。根據(jù)空后的“nicer than the outside”可知，空處應用outside的反義詞inside。故選B項。13. Away Bdoubt Creason Dwonder答案與解析：C考查名詞。根據(jù)語境可知，這些人都很友好，“我”沒有理由(reason)感到害怕。故選C項。14. Aget tired of Btake charge of Cget down to Dlook forward to答案與解析：D考查動詞短語。根據(jù)上文“我”情感的變化可知，做了幾個月后，“我”每周都期待(look forward to)與這些人見面。get tired of“對厭倦，厭煩”；take charge of“負責”；get down to“著手”。故選D項。15. Abetter Bfurther Cbusier Deasier答案與解析：A考查形容詞。根據(jù)上文“我”每周期待與這些人見面可推知，“我”的生活每周因他們變得更好(better)。故選A項。16. Asuccess Bdifference Cprofit Dfortune答案與解析：B考查名詞。此句與文章第一段第二句中的“make such a big difference”呼應，故選B項。17. Abecause Bif Conce Dthough答案與解析：A考查連詞。根據(jù)上下文邏輯關系可知，空處前后有因果關系。故選A項。18. Arelies on Bgoes after Ccares about Dlooks for答案與解析：C考查動詞短語。care about“在乎，關心”；rely on“依靠，依賴”；go after“追求，追逐”；look for“尋找”。此處表示“我想讓他們知道有人關心他們并且他們很重要”。故選C項。19. Anecessarily Binterestingly Chonestly Dimportantly答案與解析：D考查副詞。importantly“重要地”，necessarily“必要地”，interestingly“有趣地”，honestly“誠實地”。根據(jù)空前的“Serving makes me happy，but even more”可知，importantly更符合語境，故選D項。20. Arespect Bforgive Cinspire Dprotect答案與解析：A考查動詞。forgive“原諒”，inspire“激勵”，protect“保護”。由語境可知，只有respect符合，故選A項。四、單句改錯1Youll be faced with two choiceswhether to be fired or not, depend on your performance in the work._答案：dependdepending句中已有謂語動詞be faced with且無連詞，故depend應用非謂語動詞形式。depending on . 現(xiàn)在分詞短語在句中作狀語。2We had a thoroughly cleaning of our house at the weekend._答案：thoroughlythorough此處需用形容詞thorough來修飾動名詞cleaning，故改為thorough。3It is demanded that a doctor must be sent for._答案：mustshould或去掉mustdemand后跟賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句或同位語從句時，從句應用虛擬語氣，其謂語動詞應用“should動詞原形”，should可以省略。4They are all eager to the chance to be the top ones in the world petition as athletes._答案：第一個toforbe eager for sth. “渴望(得到)某物”。5Youd better put on a thick sweater in case of it snows._答案：去掉ofin case of sth. “如果；假使”；in case從句“萬一/以防；如果/假使”。根據(jù)從句“it snows”可知應用in case，故去掉of。