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1、高考總復(fù)習(xí)一輪用書立體設(shè)計(jì)走進(jìn)新課堂英 語選修8Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe課程解讀課程解讀話題The Conquest of the Universe(征服宇宙）語法Review of noun clauses(復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句）課程解讀課程解讀重點(diǎn)詞匯及拓展1.historic adj.歷史性的，有重大歷史意義的2.witness v.目擊，親眼看見；親身經(jīng)歷3.burst v.爆炸4.view v.看，觀察5.acknowledge v.承認(rèn)；認(rèn)為6.random adj.任意的；隨機(jī)的7.defeat n.失敗8.accuse v.指責(zé)9.s
2、wear v.起誓保證10.latter n.(剛提及的兩個(gè)人或物之中的）后一個(gè)，第二個(gè)11.division n.部分12.foresee v.預(yù)知；預(yù)見13.aid n.幫助14.broad adj.豐富的；廣泛的15.sympathy n.同情；同情心16.consistent adj.一致的；吻合的17.dignity n.尊貴；尊嚴(yán)18.acute adj.劇烈的；激烈的19.stable adj.穩(wěn)定的；安定的20.supreme adj.最高超的；最優(yōu)的21.consult v.咨詢；請(qǐng)教22.accustomed adj.習(xí)慣的accustom v.習(xí)慣23.assume v.
3、假定，假設(shè)assumed adj.假設(shè)的assumption n.假設(shè)24.patience n.耐心patient n.&adj.病人&有耐心的，忍耐的25.devotion n.忠誠(chéng)devote v.奉獻(xiàn)課程解讀課程解讀重點(diǎn)短語1.become accustomed to習(xí)慣于2.at the very beginning of在一開始的時(shí)候3.accuse sb.of sth./doing sth.指責(zé)某人（做）某事4.be consistent with和一致5.pray for祈禱，祈求6.set in motion使某事開始7.in spite of不管8.a series of一
4、系列的；一連串的e to ones aid來幫某人10.make it成功；及時(shí)到達(dá)，趕上重點(diǎn)句型1.and green is likely to be a mixture of water and frozen gases.綠色可能是水和冷凍氣體的混合物。2.little did he know what impact he was going to make.他根本不知道他將要造成多大影響。3.Incredible as it may seem,both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the
5、 inescapable assumption that.盡管看起來不可思議，但科學(xué)觀測(cè)以及我們?nèi)庋劭吹降淖C據(jù)都必然會(huì)讓我們作出一個(gè)設(shè)想知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)一要點(diǎn)一 單詞單詞1.assume vt.假定（設(shè)）；承擔(dān)；呈現(xiàn)假定（設(shè)）；承擔(dān)；呈現(xiàn)歸納拓展(1)assume that假定，認(rèn)為assume.to be.認(rèn)為如何；假定如何assume the duty承擔(dān)責(zé)任assuming that假定（作狀語）(2)assumption n.假設(shè)on the assumption that假定；假設(shè)make an assumption that假定；認(rèn)為知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：So we think
6、 it is reasonable to assume that they lived in these caves,regardless of the cold.因此，我們有理由認(rèn)為他們不顧嚴(yán)寒就住在這些山洞里。We assumed the statement to be true.我們假定這種說法是真的。Assuming that/On the assumption that the proposal is accepted,when are we going to get the money?假定這個(gè)建議被采納，我們何時(shí)能拿到錢？知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】We must _ h
7、im to be innocent until he is proved guilty.A.pretendB.believeC.assumeD.think【解析解析】考查動(dòng)詞assume的用法。assume sb. to be.“假定某人”。句意為：我們必須假定他是清白的直到他被證明有罪?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2.burst v.(burst、burst)（使（使)爆裂，（使）破裂；突然爆裂，（使）破裂；突然發(fā)作，沖，闖發(fā)作，沖，闖n.（強(qiáng)烈感情的）突然爆發(fā)；爆炸；破裂（強(qiáng)烈感情的）突然爆發(fā)；爆炸；破裂歸納拓展burst in突然闖進(jìn)來；打斷burst into突然闖入（住宅）；突然起
8、來burst into tears/laughter/flames=burst out crying/laughing/burning突然哭/笑/燃燒起來burst forth突發(fā)；忽然出現(xiàn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：The aircraft crashed and burst into flames.飛機(jī)墜毀失火了。Reading the story,he burst into laughter/out laughing.讀了那個(gè)故事，他大笑起來。The police burst in and looked around.那個(gè)警察闖入房間，向四周看了看。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】One
9、minute she burst into _ and the next burst out _ .A.crying;laughterB.tears;laughingC.tears;laughterD.crying;laughing 【解析解析】考查burst into+n.=burst out+v.ing“突然起來”。句意為：前一分鐘她突然大哭起來，后一分鐘她又突然大笑起來。故正確答案答案為B?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3.acknowledge vt.承認(rèn)，告知（收到信件、禮物等）；承認(rèn)，告知（收到信件、禮物等）；感謝感謝歸納拓展acknowledge n./pron./v.-ingt
10、hat從句sb./sth.as/to be.It is universally acknowledged that.是大家所公認(rèn)的acknowledge sb.向某人打招呼；對(duì)某人表示謝意acknowledge sb.s letter向某人表示信已收到知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：He never acknowledges his mistakes/that he has made mistakes.他從來不承認(rèn)自己的錯(cuò)誤。Having been asked many times,he acknowledged it to be the fact.經(jīng)多次盤問，他承認(rèn)那是事實(shí)。It is univers
11、ally acknowledged that Taiwan is part of China.臺(tái)灣是中國(guó)的一部分是大家所公認(rèn)的。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】We _ receipt of your cable No.123 sent this morning concerning the sample.A.attributeB.knowledgeC.acknowledgeD.promise【解析解析】句意為：茲確認(rèn)，今早我方已收到你方關(guān)于123號(hào)樣品的電傳。acknowledge“告知收到，確認(rèn)”，符合題意。【答案答案】C知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)We _with a present for y
12、our timely aid when we were in trouble.A.attributedB.knowledgeC.acknowledgedD.promised【解析解析】句意為：我們送上一份禮物以感謝你們?cè)谖覀兝щy時(shí)提供的及時(shí)援助。acknowledge“感謝”。本題缺少謂語，排除名詞B項(xiàng)；A項(xiàng)“把歸因于”；D項(xiàng)“許諾”，均不符合語境?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)4.swear vi.&vt.發(fā)誓，起誓，宣誓，咒罵發(fā)誓，起誓，宣誓，咒罵歸納拓展swear sth.against sb.宣誓承認(rèn)（某一陳述）屬實(shí)以反對(duì)某人swear by以名義起誓；深信swear sb.to do
13、 sth.使某人發(fā)誓做某事swear to do sth./that-clause保證做某事swear at詛咒，咒罵例句：Rich tripped over the dog and swore at it.里奇被狗絆了一跤，就咒罵起它來。He has sworn to return the money he owed me.他發(fā)過誓會(huì)歸還欠我的錢。I swore what I said was true.我發(fā)誓我所說的都是真的。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】When Johnson was suspected，he _ by his honour that he was innocen
14、t.A.cursedB.swallowedC.arguedD.swore【解析解析】句意為：當(dāng)約翰遜被當(dāng)作嫌疑犯時(shí)，他以自己的名譽(yù)發(fā)誓自己是清白的。swear by“以名義起誓”?！敬鸢复鸢浮緿知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)5.consult v.咨詢，請(qǐng)教，磋商，會(huì)診咨詢，請(qǐng)教，磋商，會(huì)診歸納拓展（1）consult sb./sth.about sth.（為獲取資料，得到指點(diǎn)等）請(qǐng)教（別人），查閱（書）等consult with sb.與某人商量（事情）；與某人磋商consult a doctor about ones illness找醫(yī)生看病consult reference books/the dic
15、tionary/a map翻閱參考書/查詞典/查閱地圖（2）consultant n.顧問consultation n.咨詢，商討，協(xié)商知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：I consulted a doctor about my headache.關(guān)于我的頭痛病，我咨詢過醫(yī)生。I consulted the telephone book for his address.我查閱電話簿找他的住址。At last，the two sides consulted with each other to settle the problem.最終，雙方協(xié)商解決那個(gè)問題。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】The ne
16、w workers can _ veteran workers about skill problems.A.consultantB.consultC.ask forD.require【解析解析】句意為：關(guān)于技術(shù)問題，新工人可以向老工人請(qǐng)教。consult sb. about sth.請(qǐng)教別人。A項(xiàng)意為“請(qǐng)教者，查閱者，顧問”，C項(xiàng)應(yīng)用ask sb.about sth.，D項(xiàng)不合句意?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)二要點(diǎn)二 短語短語1.in spite of盡管，雖然盡管，雖然歸納拓展（1）in spite of后接n./pron./v.- ing形式，不接從句，同介詞despite。（2
17、）in spite of若其后加從句，需用the fact that引導(dǎo)，意為“不管這個(gè)事實(shí)”。（3）in spite of oneself不由自主地；身不由己地注意：in spite of=despite是介詞短語，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作讓步狀語；although/ though/ as是從屬連詞，后跟句子作讓步狀語。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：In spite of feeling tired,I decided to your aid.盡管我很累，我還是決定來幫你。The house will certainly sell, in spite of the fact that its ove
18、rpriced.盡管要價(jià)過高，那房子肯定將售出。In spite of the hot weather they still run in the playground.盡管天氣很熱，他們?nèi)匀辉诓賵?chǎng)上跑步。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】_ the cold weather, the volunteers came to clean the street as usual.A.In spite ofB.ThoughC.AlthoughD.Regardless of【解析解析】句意為：盡管天氣寒冷，志愿者們還是像往常一樣來清掃街道。in spite of+n.“盡管”;though和alth
19、ough意為“盡管，雖然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，但是though不能置于句首，although只能跟句子；regardless of“不管，不顧”，與題意不符。【答案答案】A知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2.become accustomed to習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于歸納拓展(1)become/get accustomed to (doing) sth.習(xí)慣于(表動(dòng)作)be accustomed to (doing) sth.=be used to (doing) sth.習(xí)慣于(表狀態(tài))(2)accustom vt.使習(xí)慣于，使適應(yīng)accustom oneself/sb.to (doing) sth.使自己/某人習(xí)
20、慣于；養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：Soon,he became/got accustomed to the hot weather in the south.很快，他就習(xí)慣南方炎熱的天氣了。Im accustomed to the school life here now.現(xiàn)在我習(xí)慣這兒的學(xué)校生活了。It took him a while to accustom himself to the idea.他過了一段時(shí)間才習(xí)慣這個(gè)想法。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】Im not _ up so early yet,but I have to _ myself to it.Yeah.Just
21、 as the saying goes,“An early bird catches the worm.”A.used to getting;adoptB.accustomed to getting;accustomC.used to get;adaptD.accustomed to get;accustom【解析解析】空一考查be accustomed to doing和be used to doing的用法，意為“習(xí)慣于做”，故排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；空二考查accustom oneself to sth.“使自己習(xí)慣于某事”，若A項(xiàng)中的adopt改為adapt也為正確答案，adapt onese
22、lf to“使某人自己適應(yīng)某事”，而adopt是“采納，采取”之意。【答案答案】B知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3.make it成功；及時(shí)到達(dá)，趕上；能參加成功；及時(shí)到達(dá)，趕上；能參加歸納拓展make it big大獲成功make it through熬過，挺過make it to及時(shí)趕到make it+time就定為某時(shí)間吧；看表是時(shí)候make it up to sb.給某人補(bǔ)償make it up with sb.和某人和解；和某人言歸于好知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：If we run,we should make it.如果跑著去了的話，我們應(yīng)該還能趕得上。Cheng Long has made it b
23、ig in action movies.成龍?jiān)趧?dòng)作電影上獲得了極大的成功。Frank wondered how to make it through the hard days.弗蘭克不知道如何熬過那些艱難的日子。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】Im afraid you cant _ to the village in an hour;you must allow for the icy road.A.get itB.take itC.make itD.leave it 【解析解析】考查短語make it“到達(dá)，做到，成功”的用法。句意為：我擔(dān)心你在一個(gè)小時(shí)之內(nèi)到不了那個(gè)村莊；你必須考慮
24、到路面滑?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)It is useless _ to persuade him to get rid of that habit.He cant make.A.trying;itB.to try;thatC.trying;thatD.in trying;it【解析解析】Its useless doing sth.是固定用法，“做某事是無用的”；空二考查固定短語make it“成功，做到”?！敬鸢复鸢浮緼知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)三要點(diǎn)三 語法語法復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句.1.若從句在句子中起名詞的作用，我們稱之為名詞性從句，按其句法功能，名詞性從句分為四大類：主語從句（在
25、復(fù)合句中作主語）；表語從句（在復(fù)合句中作表語）；賓語從句（在復(fù)合句中作賓語）；同位語從句（在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語）。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2.名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞：分類詞形詞義作從句的成分連接詞that/whether (if)是否/連接代詞who (ever)（無論）誰主格主、表、賓whom (ever)（無論）誰賓格賓which (ever)（無論）哪一個(gè)（些）主、賓、表、定what (ever)（無論）什么，東西主、賓、表、定連接副詞when什么時(shí)間狀where什么地方狀how怎樣，如何狀why為什么狀知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn).1.that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句：（1）that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，在從句中不充當(dāng)
26、句子成分，只起連接作用。（2）that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，只有在賓語從句中可以省略，在其他從句中一般不省略；但若動(dòng)詞后有多個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可省略，其余的不能省略；that引導(dǎo)的從句如果作介詞賓語，一般只用在except,in,but,besides等少數(shù)介詞后。例句：My deskmate told me (that) he watched a football match last night,but that（不可省略）it was very discouraging.我的同桌告訴我昨天晚上他看了一場(chǎng)足球賽，但是這場(chǎng)足球賽很令人失望。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2.whethe
27、r/if引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句：（1）在主語從句中，從句置于句首時(shí)，必須用whether引導(dǎo)，置于句中時(shí)有時(shí)可以和if交換，但習(xí)慣上多用whether。例句：Whether hell come here isnt clear.他是否來這里還不清楚。（2）在賓語從句中，whether和if一般可互換。注意在下列情況下whether不可用if代替：whether與or not連用時(shí)；whether從句作介詞賓語時(shí)。（3）表語從句中，表“是否”講，通常用whether引導(dǎo)，而不用if。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3.當(dāng)that/if/whether引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句是由and或but連接的兩個(gè)并列分句時(shí)，則在and或b
28、ut后還需用that/if/whether引導(dǎo)且不可省略。例句：No one knows whether it will be fine tomorrow and whether he will come to work.沒有人知道明天是否會(huì)是個(gè)好天，他是否會(huì)來上班。4.當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)，常用it作形式主語置于句首，而把主語從句放到句子后面去。例句：It was natural that they should have different views.他們持有不同觀點(diǎn)是很自然的。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn).wh-疑問引導(dǎo)詞在名詞性從句中都作成分1.It makes no difference
29、where （地點(diǎn)狀語） we shall have the meeting.我們?cè)谀膬洪_會(huì)都無所謂。注意：wh-疑問從句作主語，常用it作形式主語。2.Ill give you whatever （賓語） you want.你想要什么我都給你。3.This is where （賓語） the problem lies.這就是問題所在。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】What was it that caused the party to be put off？_ the invitations.A.Tom delayed sendingB.Tom delayed to sendC.Tha
30、t Tom delayed sendingD.Tom delaying sending【解析解析】句意為：是什么導(dǎo)致派對(duì)延期呢？湯姆推遲發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)所致。答語的完整形式應(yīng)為“That Tom delayed sending the invitations caused the party to be put off.”，that引導(dǎo)主語從句，delay后面要跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語。D項(xiàng)中Tom應(yīng)改為Toms以構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，否則不能作主語?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)_ the flight to Shanghai will be delayed is _ Im especially worrie
31、d about.A.Whether；whatB.Whether；thatC.When；whatD.How；that【解析解析】句意為：去上海的航班是否會(huì)延誤正是我所特別擔(dān)心的事情。根據(jù)語境應(yīng)用whether表示“是否”，而what引導(dǎo)的表語從句作is的表語，且what作worried about的賓語。【答案答案】A知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)Can you make sure _ the gold ring？A.where Alice had putB.where had Alice putC.where Alice has putD.where has Alice put【解析解析】make sure
32、后是賓語從句，從句要用陳述語序，故排除B、D兩項(xiàng)；put動(dòng)作是發(fā)生在過去，而不是過去的過去，故排除A，答案為C?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)People all across the country were praying _ it would not rain on August 8the day of Chinas biggest party.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether【解析解析】考查賓語從句。句意為：全國(guó)人民都祈求八月八日中國(guó)最大的盛會(huì)的日子，不要下雨。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句不缺少成分且意義完整，故答案為A，that只起連接作用?！敬鸢复鸢浮緼知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)Its a rule in this library that the most interesting book will be given to _ comes first.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.no matter who【解析解析】選whoever，既作to的賓語，又作comes的主語。此題很容易誤選A，如用anyone,其后必須加關(guān)系代詞who構(gòu)成定語從句?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾Thank you !
高考英語 Module5 The Conquest of the Universe課件 外研版版選修8
