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1、專(zhuān)項(xiàng)提能計(jì)劃閱讀理解（三）科普類(lèi)科普類(lèi)(2011高考陜西卷高考陜西卷D)Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s,genetically modified (GM,轉(zhuǎn)基因轉(zhuǎn)基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the world，mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis.But can GM tec

2、hnology solve world hunger problems? Even if it would，is it the best solution? Despite what it promises，GM technology actually has not increased the production potential (潛力) of any crop.In fact，studies show that the most widely grown GM crop，GM soybeans，has suffered reduced productivity.For instanc

3、e，a report that analysed nearly two decades of research on major GM food crops shows that GM engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop production. Something else，however，has been on the rise.While GM seeds are expensive，GM companies tell farmers that they will make good profits by sav

4、ing money on pesticides (殺蟲(chóng)劑)On the contrary，US government data show that GM crops in the US have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops.“The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production.But neither is true,” said Bill Christison，President o

5、f the US National Family Farm Coalition. At the same time，the authors of the book World Hunger：Twelve Myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production，but by problems in food distribution and politics.These indeed deserve ou

6、r efforts and money.Meanwhile，the rise in food prices results from the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food，according to a 2008 World Bank report. As a matter of fact，scientists see better ways to feed the world.Another World Bank report concluded that GM crops have little to offer to th

7、e challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger，because better ways out are available，among which “green” farming is supposed to be the first choice. 57The author develops the second paragraph mainly_. Aby classification Bby comparison Cby example Dby process 58What does the underlined word “boost” in

8、the third paragraph probably mean? AControl. BEvaluate. CObtain. DIncrease. 59GM companies promise farmers that they will benefit from_. Apractising “green” farming Buse of less chemicals Cfair distribution of their crops Dusing more crops for fuel 60Which of the following best describes the attitud

9、e of the author towards GM technology? AOptimistic. BDefensive. CDisapproving. DCasual. 答案速查 57.C58.D59.B60.C 破題思路 本文對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品展開(kāi)了論述。轉(zhuǎn)基因食品曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為能夠解決世界糧食危機(jī)，但現(xiàn)在看來(lái)，轉(zhuǎn)基因食品非但沒(méi)有解決預(yù)期的問(wèn)題，卻帶來(lái)了諸多的問(wèn)題，引發(fā)了更多的爭(zhēng)議，那么解決世界糧食問(wèn)題的出路在哪里呢？ 疑難剖析 Another World Bank report concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challe

10、nges of worldwide poverty and hunger，because better ways out are available，among which “green” farming is supposed to be the first choice.(Paragraph 5) 該句為復(fù)合句，結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜。首先主句中使用了that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句是一個(gè)because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，在原因狀語(yǔ)從句中又使用了“介詞amongwhich”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。 句意：另一個(gè)世界銀行的報(bào)告得出結(jié) 論認(rèn)為轉(zhuǎn)基因作物對(duì)于解決世界范圍的貧窮和饑餓沒(méi)有多大的幫助，因?yàn)檫€有更好的方法，其中綠色農(nóng)業(yè)被認(rèn)為是第一選擇。 名師支招 了解文章結(jié)構(gòu)、熟悉文章體裁、整合相關(guān)信息是提高考生閱讀題目準(zhǔn)確性的關(guān)鍵。 這篇文章屬科普類(lèi)文章，介紹了轉(zhuǎn)基因農(nóng)業(yè)的相關(guān)情況。文章第二段第一句就表達(dá)了作者的基調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)基因農(nóng) 業(yè)沒(méi)有增加農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)量。最后一段第一句說(shuō)科學(xué)家找到了更好的方法來(lái)給人類(lèi)提供食物。可見(jiàn)作者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因持不認(rèn)可的態(tài)度，這樣60題的答案就顯而易見(jiàn)了。