名師指津高考英語(yǔ) 第二部分 模塊復(fù)習(xí) 完形微技能 解答完形填空的三大策略課件 北師大版

詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)、詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)和邏輯推理是解詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)、詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)和邏輯推理是解答完形填空的三大策略，領(lǐng)會(huì)和掌握這三答完形填空的三大策略，領(lǐng)會(huì)和掌握這三大策略對(duì)提高完形填空的解題速度和準(zhǔn)確大策略對(duì)提高完形填空的解題速度和準(zhǔn)確率都大有裨益。率都大有裨益。 1、詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)、詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn) 詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)是指意義上相關(guān)的詞匯出現(xiàn)詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)是指意義上相關(guān)的詞匯出現(xiàn)在同一語(yǔ)篇上，構(gòu)成了以某一話題為中心在同一語(yǔ)篇上，構(gòu)成了以某一話題為中心的詞匯鏈，也有人稱之為語(yǔ)義場(chǎng)。的詞匯鏈，也有人稱之為語(yǔ)義場(chǎng)。 解答完形填空的三大策略解答完形填空的三大策略2、詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)、詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn) 詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)指某一個(gè)詞以原詞、同詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)指某一個(gè)詞以原詞、同根詞、同義詞、反義詞根詞、同義詞、反義詞(如如wrong, not correct )、上義詞、下義詞等方式重復(fù)、上義詞、下義詞等方式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)篇中，語(yǔ)篇中的句子正通過(guò)出現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)篇中，語(yǔ)篇中的句子正通過(guò)這種復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系以達(dá)到相互銜接。這種復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系以達(dá)到相互銜接。3、邏輯推理、邏輯推理 在做完形填空時(shí)許多考生都會(huì)有這樣在做完形填空時(shí)許多考生都會(huì)有這樣的經(jīng)歷，即使他們對(duì)選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中的每個(gè)詞的的經(jīng)歷，即使他們對(duì)選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中的每個(gè)詞的意思都非常清楚，但得分不高。因?yàn)橥晷我馑级挤浅Ｇ宄?，但得分不高。因?yàn)橥晷翁羁湛疾榈氖且环N綜合能力，不但是對(duì)詞填空考查的是一種綜合能力，不但是對(duì)詞匯的考查，而且對(duì)句子間和上下文之間邏匯的考查，而且對(duì)句子間和上下文之間邏輯關(guān)系的推斷也是完形填空考查的重點(diǎn)。輯關(guān)系的推斷也是完形填空考查的重點(diǎn)。其中邏輯關(guān)系主要包括因果關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)其中邏輯關(guān)系主要包括因果關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、對(duì)比關(guān)系、并列關(guān)系等。系、對(duì)比關(guān)系、并列關(guān)系等。 例例1 If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not notice. However, if you remove two, the bird generally leaves. This means that the bird knows the _between two and three.A. distance B. range C. difference D. interval解析：解析：C 通過(guò)對(duì)上文兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的對(duì)比，通過(guò)對(duì)上文兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的對(duì)比，“從四個(gè)蛋中拿走一個(gè)，從四個(gè)蛋中拿走一個(gè)，鳥(niǎo)兒不會(huì)注意到鳥(niǎo)兒不會(huì)注意到”和和“從四個(gè)蛋中拿走兩個(gè)，鳥(niǎo)兒就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)從四個(gè)蛋中拿走兩個(gè)，鳥(niǎo)兒就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)”可推斷出鳥(niǎo)兒是能知道可推斷出鳥(niǎo)兒是能知道“二二”和和“三三”的區(qū)別，故選的區(qū)別，故選C。C 例例2 For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a _group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are often fooled.A. single B. small C. local D. new解析：解析：B 從表轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞從表轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞But可知，上句和下句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)可知，上句和下句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，下句提到系，下句提到“當(dāng)數(shù)量超過(guò)三或四時(shí)，孩子就往往被愚弄到當(dāng)數(shù)量超過(guò)三或四時(shí)，孩子就往往被愚弄到”，換句話說(shuō)換句話說(shuō)“數(shù)量較少時(shí)，孩子會(huì)注意到了數(shù)量較少時(shí)，孩子會(huì)注意到了”，故選，故選B。B請(qǐng)用上述三大策略解答下列各題。請(qǐng)用上述三大策略解答下列各題。 1. (2013全國(guó)全國(guó))Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker. He is not famous in sports or the arts. But people in the streets _ him, especially those who are poor. A. know about B. learn from C. cheer for D. look after解析：解析：A ，邏輯推理。，邏輯推理。從上文可知從上文可知“Greenberg是一個(gè)很受歡迎是一個(gè)很受歡迎的人的人”，可推斷，可推斷“街上的人都認(rèn)識(shí)他街上的人都認(rèn)識(shí)他”。故選。故選A。即學(xué)即用即學(xué)即用 2. (2013全國(guó)全國(guó)) He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase（公文箱）（公文箱）. But hes _. His briefcase always has some gloves. A. calm B. different C. crazy D. curious解析：解析：B ，邏輯推理。，邏輯推理。上文提到上文提到 “他像其他商人一樣，穿著西他像其他商人一樣，穿著西裝，帶著公文箱裝，帶著公文箱”，但是，但是“公文箱里總是裝著幾雙手套公文箱里總是裝著幾雙手套”，由，由此可推出他是不一樣的。故選此可推出他是不一樣的。故選B。 3. (2013全國(guó)全國(guó))A pair of gloves may be a _ thing, but it can make a big difference in winter. A.small B. useful C. delightful D. comforting解析：解析：A ，邏輯推理。，邏輯推理。由線索詞由線索詞but推出，這里應(yīng)選與下文推出，這里應(yīng)選與下文big相對(duì)應(yīng)的相對(duì)應(yīng)的small。故選。故選A。 4. (2013全國(guó)全國(guó)) In winter, Mr. Greenberg does not _ like other New Yorkers, who look at the sidewalk and hurry down the street. A. act B. sound C. feel D. dress解析：解析：A，上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)。，上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)。由下文由下文look at the sidewalk和和 hurry down the street可知，可知，look和和hurry屬于個(gè)人的行為表現(xiàn)，屬于個(gè)人的行為表現(xiàn)， 故選故選A，act和和look, hurry是上下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。是上下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。 5. (2013全國(guó)全國(guó))It runs in the_. Michaels father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier. A. city B. family C. neighborhood D. company解析：選解析：選B，上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)。，上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)中選項(xiàng)中family是下文中提到是下文中提到Michaels father的上義詞，即上下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選的上義詞，即上下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選B。 6. (2013江蘇江蘇)That was why she was alone on the _, wearing an expensive swimsuit. It had taken a massive tantrum to get her parents to buy it. They were back at the beach-house A. beach B. bed C. floor D. ship解析：解析：A ，詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)。，詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)。下文所提到的下文所提到的“swimsuit”和和“beach-house”與選項(xiàng)中的與選項(xiàng)中的“beach”屬于詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)，故選屬于詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)，故選A。 7. (2013天津天津) His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and _, putting others first. A. careful B. regretful C. considerate D. humorous解析：解析：C，近義復(fù)現(xiàn)。，近義復(fù)現(xiàn)。與下文與下文putting others first意義相近的應(yīng)意義相近的應(yīng)該是該是considerate，故選，故選C。 8. (2013山東山東)When she died, I was _, but I was also very grateful to her. A. homeless B. heartbroken C. bad-tempered D. hopeless解析：解析：B 詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)。詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)。上文提到的上文提到的“die”與選項(xiàng)中的與選項(xiàng)中的“heartbroken”詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)，故選詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)，故選B。 9. (2013重慶重慶) On that afternoon, as the math teacher started to introduce difficult concepts, dark clouds covered the sky, and the storm set inSoon math time was followed by the time for (1) _. All children naturally drew (2)_pictures on such a day. (1) A. class B. sports C. art D. tea(2) A. great B. dark C. different D. strange解析：前空選解析：前空選C，詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)。，詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)。下文中提到的下文中提到的“drew picture”與選與選項(xiàng)中的項(xiàng)中的“art”屬于詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選屬于詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選C。 后空選后空選B ，邏輯推理。，邏輯推理。上文中的場(chǎng)景提到上文中的場(chǎng)景提到“dark clouds covered the sky, and the storm set in”，在這樣的天氣，孩子自，在這樣的天氣，孩子自然而然地會(huì)畫(huà)出暗淡的圖畫(huà)。故選然而然地會(huì)畫(huà)出暗淡的圖畫(huà)。故選B。 10. (2013山東山東)I think my change started when I was at Palomar College. At first, I just wanted to get my _ and be left alone. A. balance B. homework C. degree D. interest解析：解析：C， 詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)。詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)。由上文的場(chǎng)景由上文的場(chǎng)景at Palomar College可知，我可知，我只想取得自己的學(xué)位，詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)。故選只想取得自己的學(xué)位，詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)。故選C。 11. (2013 山東山東) By the end of my first semester，I was really_ . It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun.A. careful B. lonelyC. curious D. guilty解析：解析：B， 邏輯推理。邏輯推理。由下文可知，每個(gè)人除了我都交上了朋友由下文可知，每個(gè)人除了我都交上了朋友并玩得很開(kāi)心，由此可推出我沒(méi)有交上朋友，可見(jiàn)我是孤獨(dú)的，并玩得很開(kāi)心，由此可推出我沒(méi)有交上朋友，可見(jiàn)我是孤獨(dú)的，故選故選B。 12. (2013 天津天津) When Joe was about to start school，all signs pointed to success. Yet things turned out to be quite_ .A. unfair B. boringC. disappointing D. dangerous解析：解析：C，邏輯推理。，邏輯推理。由轉(zhuǎn)折詞由轉(zhuǎn)折詞yet推出，選項(xiàng)中推出，選項(xiàng)中disappointing與上文與上文success相對(duì)應(yīng)，故選相對(duì)應(yīng)，故選C。 13. (2013 湖南湖南)When I was 8 years old，I once decided to run away from home. With my suitcase (1)_and some sandwiches in a bag， I started for the front door and said to Mom，“Im leaving. ” “ If you want to (2) _，thats all right，” she said.(1) A. packed B. returned C. cleaned D. repaired(2) A. drop out B. go by C. move around D. run away解析：解析：(1) A，邏輯推理。，邏輯推理。由語(yǔ)境由語(yǔ)境run away from home可知，我離家出走，肯定要可知，我離家出走，肯定要打包行李。故選打包行李。故選A。(2) B，邏輯推理。，邏輯推理。上文提到上文提到“run away”，本空格屬，本空格屬 于詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選于詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選D。14. (2013 湖南湖南)“Wait a minute，” Mom said. “I want your _ back. You didnt wear anything when you arrived. ” This really angered me. I tore my clothes offshoes， socks，underwear and all.A. bag B. clothesC. sandwiches D. suitcase解析：解析：B，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。下文提到下文提到clothes，本空格屬于詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)，本空格屬于詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)， 故選故選 B。 15. (2013 湖南湖南) I dashed to the front door and banged on it loudly. “ Whos there?” I heard. “Its Billy! Let me in! ” The voice behind the _answered， “Billy doesnt live here anymore. He ran away from home. ”A. house B. treeC. door D. yard解析：解析：C，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。上文提到了上文提到了door有人敲門(mén)，接著就是門(mén)有人敲門(mén)，接著就是門(mén)后的人回答，本空格屬于詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選后的人回答，本空格屬于詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C。 16. (2013 天津天津)His hands tell the story of his life as a_，including all his struggle. On one of those hot mornings I was picking sweet corn with my dad to fill the last order from the grocery.A. teacher B. gardenerC. farmer D. grocer解析：解析：C，邏輯推理。，邏輯推理。由下文的場(chǎng)景由下文的場(chǎng)景picking sweet corn可知，可知，爸爸是一個(gè)農(nóng)民，故選爸爸是一個(gè)農(nóng)民，故選C。 17. (2013 遼寧遼寧).and all of a sudden she saw an amazing _. There on the other side of the valley was a little house and its windows were golden.A. hillB. valley C. background D. sight解析：解析：D ，上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)。，上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中的選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中的sight是下文提到的是下文提到的valley，house，windows的上義詞，即是上下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選的上義詞，即是上下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選 D。 18.( 2013 四川四川)There， I met 14-year-old Stephanie，whose burns are a lot more serious than mine. But she is so_ that she never lets anyone put her down.A.honest B. strong C. active D. young解析：解析：B , 邏輯推理。邏輯推理。由下文提到由下文提到she never lets anyone put her down，可推出，可推出Stephanie很堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，故選很堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，故選B。 19. (2013 陜西陜西)We ordered hamburgers and Coca Cola at the counter. When our _came，I started walking towards an empty table.A.food B. turn C. bill D. menu解析：解析：A ，上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)。，上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)中的選項(xiàng)中的food是上文提到的是上文提到的hamburgers和和Coca Cola的上義詞，即是上下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選的上義詞，即是上下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選A。 20. (2013 安徽安徽)Becoming fluent in a language will take years， but learning to get by takes_.A. some risks B. a lot lessC. some notes D. a lot more解析：解析：B， 邏輯推理。邏輯推理。由轉(zhuǎn)折詞由轉(zhuǎn)折詞but推出，選項(xiàng)中的推出，選項(xiàng)中的a lot less與與上文提到的上文提到的take years相對(duì)應(yīng)，故選相對(duì)應(yīng)，故選B。