廣東省中考英語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞課件

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句子除不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)外，可以充當(dāng)句中的所有其它成分；它沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，故又稱非限定動(dòng)詞；雖然不能獨(dú)立做謂語(yǔ)，但仍保留動(dòng)詞的其它特征，可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。1.考查動(dòng)詞不定式下列用法：（1）作賓語(yǔ)（2）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（3）作狀語(yǔ)（4）用在how, when, where, what, which等之后。2.考查動(dòng)名詞用法?？键c(diǎn)一 動(dòng)詞不定式 1. 動(dòng)詞不定式的構(gòu)成和用法動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式是“to + 動(dòng)詞原形”，有時(shí)可以不帶to。動(dòng)詞不定式（或不定式短語(yǔ)）沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能作謂語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式仍可保留動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，即可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式同它的賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)。如：to read the newspaper, to speak at the meeting 等。動(dòng)詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，因此在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。句法作用例 句作主語(yǔ)To learn a foreign language is not easy.= Its not easy to learn a foreign language.作表語(yǔ)The important thing is to finish the work on time.作賓語(yǔ)I hope to travel all over the world one day.Can you tell me how to do it = what to do作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Lucy asked him to turn off the radio.The father made his son study hard.作定語(yǔ)We have a lot of homework to do every day.作狀語(yǔ)She went to see her grandma last Sunday.()1.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_onabigrock.A.tohaverestedB.torestC.restingD.rest()2.Look!Thelightsintheclassroomarestillon.Oh,Iforgot_.A.turningthemoffB.turnthemoffC.toturnthemoffD.havingturnedthemoff()3.Thehouseisnotbigenoughforusall_.A.toliveinB.tobelivedinC.toliveD.forlivingin()4.Thepolicemanwarnedtheyoungman_afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive()5.Ittakesmehalfanhour_thepianoeveryday.A.playB.playingC.toplayD.played()6.Myjobis_English.A.teachyouB.teachingyouC.toteachyourD.toteachyou2. 常見(jiàn)的后面接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:would like to dotry to doafford to dopretend to dowant to doremember / forget to dowish to doagree to do begin / start to dohope to dorefuse to dopromise to dodecide to doplan to do learn to do prefer to do()7.Dontforget_thankswhenotherpeoplehelpyou.A.acceptB.toacceptC.sayD.tosay()8.Hepromised_hisoldfriendduringhisstayinTianjin.A.seeB.seeingC.sawD.tosee()9.Remember_offthelightswhenyouleavetheroom,please.A.toturn B.turningC.turnD.turned()10.Manyoldmenprefer_inthepeacefulcountryside.A.toliveB.livingC.liveD.lived3. 常見(jiàn)的后面接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:tellsb.todowouldlikesb.todoallowsb.todohelpsb.todowishsb.todo begsb.todoencouragesb.todoexpectsb.todoasksb.todoinvitesb.todoadvisesb.todoforcesb.todowantsb.todo warnsb.todoteachsb.todopersuadesb.todo()11.Marycalledandaskedherhusband_homeatonce,becauseshelockedtheirdaughterinthehome.A.toleaveB.leaveC.goD.togo()12.Mr.Wangoftenencouragesus_closetonatureandenjoyitsbeauties.A.getBgetting C.toget4. 常見(jiàn)的后面接不帶 “to”的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： 一感，二聽(tīng)，三讓，四看，半幫。解釋為：一感：feel；二聽(tīng)：hear，listen to；三讓：make，let，have；四看：see，notice，watch，observe；半幫：help； help sb. (to) do sth.注意：變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞原形前要加 “to”。 如： I saw Tom get into the teachers office. Tom was seen to get into the teachers office. 感觀使役動(dòng)詞使用口訣 感使動(dòng)詞真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪；主動(dòng)句里它走開(kāi)，被動(dòng)句里它回來(lái)。()13.Youlooksotired.Mymothermakesme_playingthepianofor2hourseveryday.A.practiceB.topracticeC.practicingD.topracticing()14.Pauldoesnthavetobemade_.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning()15.DoyoulikeZhouLibostalkshow?Yes.Histalkshowisveryfunny.Italwaysmakespeople_.A.laughBlaughedC.laughingD.tolaugh5. 特殊疑問(wèn)詞 + to do結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)詞不定式可以和疑問(wèn)詞what ,which, how, where, when 等連用，構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)。在句子充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。如： The question is when to start. （作表語(yǔ)） 問(wèn)題是何時(shí)動(dòng)身。 He showed me how to use a computer. (作賓語(yǔ)) 他給我們演示怎樣使用計(jì)算機(jī)。 What to do is a big problem. （作主語(yǔ)）做什么是個(gè)大問(wèn)題。()16.ThereresomanybeautifulpresentsintheshopthatIdontknow_.A.tochoosewhichoneB.whatchooseC.whichonetochooseD.tochoosewhat()17.Alloftheplansareverygood.Ireallydontknow_.A.whichtotalkB.whichtotalkaboutC.totalkaboutwhichD.Iaskedyouforhelp()18.Simon,Ihearyouaregoingabroadforfurtherstudy.Haveyoudecided_?NextSeptember.A.whengoingB.whentogoC.howgoingD.howtogo考點(diǎn)二 動(dòng)名詞 1. 動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成和用法動(dòng)名詞由“動(dòng)詞+ ing”構(gòu)成，常在句子中用做主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。用法見(jiàn)下表：句法功能例 句作主語(yǔ)Playing chess is fun.Its no use waiting here.作表語(yǔ)The nurses job is looking after the patients.作賓語(yǔ)You cant leave the classroom until you finish doing your homework.()19.Theretiredcoupleenjoy_photos.Theyalwaysgooutwiththeircameras.A.takeB.took.C.totakeD.taking()20._isbadforourhealth.A.DoingeyeexercisesB.GotobedearlyC.EatingtoomuchD.Takingawalk2. 常見(jiàn)的后面接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:enjoy doinghate doingcontinue doingbe busy doinglike doingmind doingpractice doingbe worth doingfeel like doingconsider doingcant help doinghave fun doingkeep doingfinish doinggive up doinghave problem doing()21.Hedidntfeellike_outforawalk,becausehehadcaughtacold.A.togoB.goesC.goneD.going()22.Thestudentsarebusy_readyfortheexamnow.A.gettingB.getC.gotD.toget()23.Wouldyoumind_forafewminutes?No,notatall.A.waitB.towaitC.waitedD.waiting()24.Haveyoureadthisbook?Itsworth_.A.toreadB.readC.readingD.toberead3. 介詞如：in , at , for , of , from , up , about , to后要接動(dòng)名詞。下列幾個(gè)詞組的“to”為介詞： be used to doing 習(xí)慣于做某事 prefer doing to doing 寧愿而不愿look forward to doing 盼望著做某事 pay attention to doing 注意做某事make a contribution to doing 為做貢獻(xiàn) 常見(jiàn)后面常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞, 可以這樣記：完成實(shí)踐值得忙 (finish, practice, be worth, be busy)繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄 (keep on, be used to, give up)考慮建議不禁想 (consider, suggest, cant help, feel like)喜歡思念要放棄 (enjoy, miss, give up)()25.Aclockismadefor_usthetime.A.tellB.tellingC.totellD.tells()26.Imlookingforwardto_myparentssoon.Whataboutyou?Metoo.A.seeingB.seeC.sawD.seen()27.Hewasafraidof_herupwhenhelefttheroom.A.wakingB.towakeC.wakesD.woke考點(diǎn)三 過(guò)去分詞 1. 作定語(yǔ) 如： The girl called Lucy won the English speech contest. 那個(gè)叫Lucy的女孩贏了英語(yǔ)演講比賽。2. 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 如： There is something wrong with my bike. I have to get it repaired. 我的自行車(chē)壞了，我得找人修一下。 常跟過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的有： have/get sth. done 請(qǐng)人做某事()28.Thecar_inGermanyinthe1960slooksoldnow.A.producedB.producingC.toproduceD.whichproduced()29.Whatareonshowinthemuseum?Somepictures_bytheAfricans.A.drawingB.drawnC.drewD.weredrawn()30.Youdbetterhaveyoursportsjacket_.Itstoodirty.Thanks.Iwill.A.towashB.washedC.washingD.wash考點(diǎn)四 感官動(dòng)詞的基本用法 see, watch, hear, notice這幾個(gè)感官動(dòng)詞后面既可接不帶“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式（即動(dòng)詞原形），又可接v-ing形式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。它們的區(qū)別在于： 1. 經(jīng)?；蛞呀?jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用不帶“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式。如： We often hear her sing English songs in the next room. 我們經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到她在隔壁房間唱英文歌。 I saw the teacher come into the classroom just now. 剛才我看見(jiàn)老師走進(jìn)了教室。2. 正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作用v-ing形式。如： We heard him talking in class. 我們聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他正在教室說(shuō)話。()31.IheardMother_withFatherinthenextroomattenlastnight.A.talkB.talkingC.totalkD.istalking()32.Isawhim_intheclassroom.A.sleepB.sleptC.tosleepD.sleeping()33.Ioftenwatchhim_tennis.A.toplayB.playC.playingD.plays考點(diǎn)五 幾組易混淆的詞組辨析 stop to do sth. 停下來(lái)去做某事stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事remember to do sth. 記住去做某事remember doing sth. 記得做過(guò)某事forget to do sth. 忘了要做某事forget doing sth. 忘了做過(guò)某事go on to do sth. 接著去做另一件事go on doing sth. 接著做同一件事try to do sth. 努力去做某事try doing sth. 試著去做某事have sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事have sth. done 請(qǐng)人做某事()34.Hedroppedthestick,sohestopped_itup.A.topickB.pickingC.pickD.picked()35.Itstopped_.Wecangoouttoplay.A.torainB.rainingC.fromrainingD.toraining考點(diǎn)六 常用句型和結(jié)構(gòu) 1. had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事2. would rather do sth. than do sth. 寧愿而不愿 3. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 寧愿而不愿4. Would/Will/Could you please(not)do sth？ 請(qǐng)你(不)好嗎？5. Why not ? = Why dont you ? 為什么不做？6. There is no time to do 沒(méi)有時(shí)間做7. Its time + (for sb.) + to do 是做的時(shí)間了。8. too + adj./adv. + (for sb.) + to do sth. （對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)）太而不能做9. 主語(yǔ)+ think/make/find/feel + it + adj./n. + to do sth.10. Its + clever/kind/good/right/wrong/foolish/nice + of sb. + to do sth.11. Its + easy/difficult/important/interesting/hard + for sb. + to do sth.12. What/How about doing sth.? 怎么樣？13. have fun/problems/trouble/difficulties (in) doing sth. ()36.Youdbetter_yourbike_atonce.ItisMondaytomorrow,youknow.A.tohave,mendB.have,mendedC.have,tomendD.tohave,mended()37.Isthereanytime_tothemuseum?A.goingB.togoC.goesD.gone()38.Ithinkitkind_.A.ofhimtohelpmeB.forhimtohelpC.thathehelpmeD.ofhimhelpingme()39.Itstoohottoday.Whynot_yourcoat?A.takeonB.totakeoffC.takeoffD.takingoff()40.Itsverynice_youto_meaboutit.A.for;tellB.of;sayC.to;speakD.of;tell非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是中考必考內(nèi)容之一，常常出現(xiàn)在單項(xiàng)選擇、完形填空、閱讀理解、短文填空以及書(shū)面表達(dá)中，是中考復(fù)習(xí)的難點(diǎn)。同學(xué)們要注意：1. 學(xué)會(huì)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，明辨與動(dòng)詞搭配的結(jié)構(gòu)形式；2. 熟練記憶各種搭配不定式或-ing的動(dòng)詞固定結(jié)構(gòu)；3. 熟練記憶并會(huì)使用與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相關(guān)的句型。