高中英語 Unit4 第一學時Reading and Comprehension同步教學課件 新人教版必修3

第一學時第一學時Reading and Comprehension1What are the most important skills we need to be a real scientist?Some of the important skills we need as real scientists are: accuracy, a logical approach, thorough writing of the experiment so someone else could redo the experiment from your notes, be able to draw conclusions from the evidence and not impose conclusions on the data.2Why does life exist on the earth?Basically, the earth has life on it because of the Sun. It is in the perfect position in the Solar System. It receives just the right amount of heat from the Sun, and enough light for plants to photosynthesise(光合作用)This process of photosythensise puts oxygen into the atmosphere. Humans need oxygen to breathe and to live. More basic creatures can survive on other chemicals. Some microbes have been known to feed on carbon dioxide, a gas poisonous to humans.Task 1快速閱讀課文How life began on the earth ，以約30詞寫出文章的段落大意。 溫馨提示：本文是科普文，屬于說明文的范疇，寫摘要時要抓住文章要說明的主要問題：地球上生命起源的幾個主要階段。 _The passage explains how life began on the earth. After the earth exploded and produced water whose continued presence made it possible for life to develop, plants and animals including human beings appeared on the earth.Task 2根據課文內容，選擇正確答案。1Why was the earth different from other planets? ( )AIt produced a lot of heat.BThe water remained. CWater disappeared. DIt was the oldest planet.B2Why was life able to develop on the earth but not on other planets? ( )AThe earth had a solid shape. BThe earth did not have harmful gases in its atmosphere. CThe water stayed on the earth but not on other planets. DThe earth was not too hot and not too cold. C3Why was it necessary for plants to grow before animals? ( )AAnimals needed plants to protect them from the sun.BPlants provided oxygen for animals to breathe.CAnimals could hide from hunters in forests.DIt was easier for plants to grow. B4What problem is caused by human beings? ( )AThey exist everywhere on the earth.BThey cause global warming. CThey find new methods of growing crops.DThey enjoy hunting and fishing. B5Which of the following is wrong according to the passage? ( )ACarbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases formed the earth s atmosphere. BNo life existed on Mars because no water had appeared on it.CLife first appeared in the oceans and seas. DDinosaurs were giantsized reptiles which produced young by laying eggs.BTask 3再次閱讀“How life began on the earth”。然后完成下面的圖表。(1) water (2)land animals(3)human beingsTask 4根據課文內容，在下文空格中填上恰當的詞語，使文章連貫完整。Most scientists think the universe began with a“Big Bang” . 1._ 3.8 and 4.5 billion years ago, the dust settled into 2._ solid globe, 3._ exploded with fire and rock and formed the earth s atmosphere.As the water appeared on the earth，the 4._ (harm)gases and acids was dissolved into the oceans and seas, which made life 5._ (possible) develop on the earth.Many millions of years 6._，the first plants appeared on the water and they produced oxygen. Thanks to the oxygen，all kinds of life 7._ (appear) on the earth. Until 2.6 million years ago the human beings ancestors began to develop all over the earth one after another. But their 8._ (activity) produced too much dioxide into the air，9._ (cause) global warming problem. So the earth will be 10._ danger. 1.Between 2.a 3.which 4.harmful 5.possibly 6.later 7.appeared 8.activities 9.causing 10.in一、請將課文How life began on the earth譯成漢語，然后參考 “譯文助讀”自主勘誤。譯文助讀沒有人確切知道地球是怎樣開始形成的，因為在很早很早以前它就形成了。然而，一種普遍為人們所接受的理論是：宇宙起源于一次大爆炸，這次大爆炸將物質投射到四面八方。然后，原子開始形成并結合成恒星和其他星體。大爆炸后好幾十億年過去了，但地球還只是一團塵埃。隨后它會變成什么沒人能知道，直到3845億年前，這團塵埃才慢慢地形成一個固體的球狀物。地球(開始)變得激烈動蕩，不知道這個固體形狀是否會繼續(xù)存在下去。它(地球)猛烈的爆炸噴出了烈火與巖石，最終產生了碳、氮氣、水蒸氣和其他多種氣體，從而形成了地球的大氣層。更為重要的是，地球冷卻下來后，地球的表面就開始出現了水。在火星這些其他行星上都出現了水，但和地球不同的是，這些水后來都消失了。水會對生命的發(fā)展起關鍵作用，這一點在當時并不明顯。很多科學家相信，由于地球上長期有水存在，它使得地球得以把有害氣體和酸性物質溶解在海洋里。這就產生了一系列的反應，使得生命就有可能開始發(fā)展了。好幾百萬年以后，水的表面開始出現了極小的植物。它們繁殖起來就使得早期的海洋充滿了氧氣，這為早期的貝類及其他各種魚類的發(fā)育進一步創(chuàng)造了條件。接著，綠色植物開始出現在陸地上。隨后，陸地上出現了動物，其中有一些是昆蟲，另外一些叫兩棲動物，它們既能在陸地上生活，也能在海里生存。后來，當植物長大成了森林的時候，爬行動物出現了。它們一般是通過孵蛋繁衍后代的。再后來一些叫做恐龍的巨型動物出現了。它們也生蛋，在地球上生存了1.4億年。然而，6500萬年前，恐龍時代結束了。他們?yōu)槭裁磿蝗粶缃^至今仍是個謎?？铸埖臏缃^使地球上哺乳動物的產生有了可能。哺乳動物不同于以往所有的生物形式，因為他們能從體內生產出幼仔并給幼仔哺乳。最后，大約260萬年前，一些小巧聰明、長著手腳的動物出現了，它們散布在地球的各個地方。于是他們接著成為了這個行星上最重要的動物。然而，他們對地球卻不怎么在意，他們把過多的二氧化碳釋放到大氣層中，這還使得地球上的熱不能釋放到太空中去。因此許多科學家相信地球可能會因此變得太熱而不適合生物的生存。所以，在未來的數百萬年中，生命能否在地球上延續(xù)取決于這個問題能否得到解決。二、請將下列詞語譯成英語，然后參考Unit 4的詞匯表自主勘誤。1系統(tǒng)，體制，制度 n_2理論 n. _3猛烈的，激烈的adj. _4有害的 adj. _5拖，牽引力 n& v. _1system2.theory 3.violent 4harmful5.pull6謎，難題，迷惑n.&v. _7密切注視 _8產生， 分娩 _9輪到某人， 接著 _10阻止， 制止 _6.puzzle 7watch out8.give birth to9in ones turn 10prevent.from三、佳句背誦1沒有人確切知道地球是怎樣開始形成的，因為很早很早以前它就形成了。No one knows exactly_ the earth began, as it happened_.2許多科學家認為水的長期存在使地球得以把有害的氣體和酸溶解在海洋里。_many scientists believe is_ the_ presence of water allowed the earth_ harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.1how, so long ago2What, that, continued, to dissolve3所以，在未來的數百萬年中，生命能否在地球上延續(xù)取決于這個問題能否得到解決。 So_ life will continue on the earth for_ of years_ will depend on_ this problem_.3whether, millions, to come, whether, can be solved