云南省麗江市永勝縣永北鎮(zhèn)中學(xué)中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)課件

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法 基本用法基本用法 特殊用法特殊用法 英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)分英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)分_和和_。 _ 表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。 _ 則表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。則表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。 由由“助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞_+_”構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成： Everybody likes him. 大家都喜歡他。大家都喜歡他。 ( _語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)) He is liked by everybody. 他受到大家的喜歡。他受到大家的喜歡。 ( _ 語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)) 一、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)概說(shuō)一、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)概說(shuō)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) be 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 主動(dòng)主動(dòng) 被動(dòng)被動(dòng) 二、何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)二、何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1. 不知道誰(shuí)是不知道誰(shuí)是_或或 沒(méi)有必要沒(méi)有必要 如：如： Paper is made from wood. The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. He was wounded in the fight. 動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者 二、何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)二、何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)2. 需要需要_時(shí)時(shí) 如：如： Calculator cant be used in the maths exam. Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away. He was awarded first prize in that contest. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者 二、何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)二、何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)3. 為了使為了使_，避免提及自己，避免提及自己 或?qū)Ψ蕉褂帽粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，或由于修飾的需要，或?qū)Ψ蕉褂帽粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，或由于修飾的需要， 使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，使句子得以更好的安排。如：使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，使句子得以更好的安排。如： The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. Electricity is used to run machines. 語(yǔ)氣婉轉(zhuǎn)語(yǔ)氣婉轉(zhuǎn) 二、何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)二、何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法 1. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本方法主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本方法 將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的_變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 的的_，將主動(dòng)謂語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)謂語(yǔ)，將主動(dòng)謂語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)謂語(yǔ) (_)，將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)椋瑢⒅鲃?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)?_短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)(在被動(dòng)句中用作狀語(yǔ)在被動(dòng)句中用作狀語(yǔ))： He broke the cup. _ 注意：注意：若不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)詞執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的若不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)詞執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的 by短語(yǔ)通?？梢允÷裕憾陶Z(yǔ)通?？梢允÷裕?他生于他生于1986年。年。 _ 這種花叫什么花？這種花叫什么花？ _賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 by The cup was broken by him. He was born in 1986. What is this flower called? 三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法 2. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài) 時(shí)態(tài)回顧：時(shí)態(tài)回顧：（時(shí)態(tài)主要以（時(shí)態(tài)主要以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的不同的不同 形式體現(xiàn)出來(lái)。）形式體現(xiàn)出來(lái)。）時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài)形形 式式一一般般式式進(jìn)行進(jìn)行式式完成完成式式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) do/does 一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí) did一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) will/shall dowould/should do現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) is/am/are doingwas/were doing過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) has/have done過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí) had done三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)“be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞”中的中的be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：(1) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： _ 我們學(xué)校學(xué)英語(yǔ)。我們學(xué)校學(xué)英語(yǔ)。 _ 我們?cè)趯W(xué)校受到很好的照顧。我們?cè)趯W(xué)校受到很好的照顧。 _ am /is/ are+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 English is taught in our school. We are taken good care of at school. 三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)“be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞”中的中的be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：(2) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： _ 他被帶到了警察局。他被帶到了警察局。 _ 這座房子是這座房子是10年前建的。年前建的。 _was /were+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 He was taken to the police station. The house was built ten years ago. 三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)“be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞”中的中的be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：(3) 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： _ 不久這里將建一棟新樓。不久這里將建一棟新樓。 _ 會(huì)議將于今天下午會(huì)議將于今天下午2點(diǎn)舉行。點(diǎn)舉行。 _A new building will be built here soon. will be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 The meeting will be held at two this afternoon. 三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)“be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞”中的中的be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：(4) 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： _ 他說(shuō)會(huì)議將于下周舉于。他說(shuō)會(huì)議將于下周舉于。 _would be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 He said that the meeting would be held the next week. 三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)“be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞”中的中的be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：(5) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： _ 所有的工作現(xiàn)在都做好了。所有的工作現(xiàn)在都做好了。 _ 信都寄了嗎？信都寄了嗎？ _ have /has been+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 All the work has been done now. Have the letters been posted? 三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)“be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞”中的中的be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：(6) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： _ 他說(shuō)工作已完成了。他說(shuō)工作已完成了。 _ had been+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 He said the work had been finished. 三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)“be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞”中的中的be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：(7) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： _ 我的表正在由他修理。我的表正在由他修理。 _ 計(jì)劃現(xiàn)在正在討論。計(jì)劃現(xiàn)在正在討論。 _am /is/ are being+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 My watch is being repaired by him. The plan is now being discussed. 三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)“be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞”中的中的be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：(8) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： _ 他說(shuō)那個(gè)人正在動(dòng)手術(shù)。他說(shuō)那個(gè)人正在動(dòng)手術(shù)。 _ 他說(shuō)正在修建一個(gè)新車站。他說(shuō)正在修建一個(gè)新車站。 _was /were being+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 He said that the man was being operated on. He told me that a new station was being built. 三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)“be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞”中的中的be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：3. 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式 若主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中謂語(yǔ)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，在相應(yīng)若主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中謂語(yǔ)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，在相應(yīng) 的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中通常應(yīng)保留該情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，其的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中通常應(yīng)保留該情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，其 結(jié)構(gòu)為結(jié)構(gòu)為“_”： Everyone must know this. _情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 This must be known by everyone. 三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)“be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞”中的中的be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：來(lái)體現(xiàn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下：請(qǐng)看以下帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)句實(shí)例：請(qǐng)看以下帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)句實(shí)例： 這不是短期內(nèi)可以完成的。這不是短期內(nèi)可以完成的。 _ 這可以由機(jī)器來(lái)做嗎這可以由機(jī)器來(lái)做嗎? _ 這工作必須馬上做了。這工作必須馬上做了。 _This cant be done in a short time. Can this be done by machine? The work must be done at once. 練習(xí)練習(xí) 1. They will reprint the book soon. _2. They can not find him. _3. The rabbits will eat the carrots. _4. They have set up a power station in their home town. _ The book will be reprinted soon.He can not be found by them.The carrots will be eaten by the rabbits.A power station has been set up in .練習(xí)練習(xí) 5. I often play basketball on Sundays. _6. The Russian businessman will buy the famous painting by Xu Beihong. _7. They had build three ships by last December. _Basketball is often played by me on .The famous painting by Xu Beihong willbe bought by the Russian businessman.Three ships had been built by last .練習(xí)練習(xí) 8. We shall build several big modern power plants in our city next year. _9. The workers are repairing the main building of the school _.Several big modern power plants shallbe built in our city next year.The main building of the school is beingrepaired by the workers.練習(xí)練習(xí) 10. The teacher will mark the students homework tonight. _11. Somebody had cleaned my shoes. _The students homework will be markedby the teacher tonight.My shoes had been cleaned by some.四、其它用法四、其它用法 1. 帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，它們?cè)谧優(yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，它們?cè)谧優(yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 時(shí)，通常是把時(shí)，通常是把_(指指_ )變變 為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，而把為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，而把_ (指指_)保留下來(lái)保留下來(lái)(稱為保留賓語(yǔ)稱為保留賓語(yǔ))： He answered me that question. _帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞 I was answered that question by him. 間接賓語(yǔ)間接賓語(yǔ) 人人 直接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ) 事物事物 四、其它用法四、其它用法 有的動(dòng)詞則通常把有的動(dòng)詞則通常把_賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)(指事物指事物) 變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，而把變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，而把_賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 改為介詞改為介詞to 或或for引起的狀語(yǔ)引起的狀語(yǔ) (到底用到底用to 還是還是for與所搭配的動(dòng)詞有關(guān)與所搭配的動(dòng)詞有關(guān))： He wrote her a letter. _. (與動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞write搭配用介詞搭配用介詞_) She made him a new coat. _. (與動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞make搭配用介詞搭配用介詞_)直接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ) 間接間接 A letter was written to her. to A new coat was made for him. for 帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞四、其它用法四、其它用法 帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞 有時(shí)以上兩種方式均可用：有時(shí)以上兩種方式均可用： He gave her some money. _. _. He bought her a watch. _. _.She was given some money. Some money was given to him. A watch was bought for her. She was bought a watch. 四、其它用法四、其它用法 帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞 練習(xí)練習(xí) 1. He showed me his pictures. _. _. 2. Aunt made me a new dress. _. _. 3. He sent me a birthday present. _. _.I was shown his pictures by him. His pictures were shown to me by him. I was made a new dress by aunt. A new dress was made for me by aunt. I was sent a birthday present by him. A birthday present was sent to me by him. 四、其它用法四、其它用法 含復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞含復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞 2含有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句，賓補(bǔ)不變。含有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句，賓補(bǔ)不變。 （1）將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，賓補(bǔ)不變。）將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，賓補(bǔ)不變。 如：如： They call her XiaoLi. _ He left the door open. _She is called XiaoLi.The door war left open by him. 四、其它用法四、其它用法 含復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞含復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞 2含有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句，賓補(bǔ)不變。含有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句，賓補(bǔ)不變。 （2） make, let, have, hear, watch, see, feel, notice, help等動(dòng)詞后接不定式做賓補(bǔ)一般等動(dòng)詞后接不定式做賓補(bǔ)一般 不加不加to，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)，必須加，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)，必須加to。 如：如： My brother often made me do this and that when I was young. _ when I young. I heard her move about in her room upstairs last night. _ last night. Did you see Jack take away the magazine? _? I was often made to do this and that by my .She was heard to move about in Was Jack seen to take away the magazine 四、其它用法四、其它用法 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 一般來(lái)講，只有一般來(lái)講，只有_才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，因?yàn)橹挥幸驗(yàn)橹挥衯t. 才能有動(dòng)作的承受者才能有動(dòng)作的承受者; 但有許多由但有許多由_+_及其他詞類構(gòu)成的短及其他詞類構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，相當(dāng)與及物動(dòng)詞，可以有賓語(yǔ)。因而語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，相當(dāng)與及物動(dòng)詞，可以有賓語(yǔ)。因而可以有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但應(yīng)注意動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)是一個(gè)不可以有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但應(yīng)注意動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)是一個(gè)不可分割的整體。變被動(dòng)時(shí)，不可丟掉構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)可分割的整體。變被動(dòng)時(shí)，不可丟掉構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)的的_或或_這樣的短語(yǔ)有：這樣的短語(yǔ)有：look after, listen to, look at, pay attention to, take care of, look forward to, make use of, etc. 如：如： 及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞 介詞介詞 介詞介詞 副詞副詞 四、其它用法四、其它用法 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) They had put out the fire before the fire-brigade arrived. _ They will set up a new public school here. _ The fire had been put out before the fire-brigade arrived. A new public school will be set up here. 四、其它用法四、其它用法 4. 許多動(dòng)詞如許多動(dòng)詞如_, _, _, _, 既可以用做既可以用做_,也可以在被也可以在被 動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)中做動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)中做_。句中如果。句中如果 有介詞有介詞_，通常是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。，通常是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 如：如： worried brokeninterestedshutadj. 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 by I was worried about you all night. (表_) I was worried by mosquitoes all night. (表_) The glass was broken by Jack. (表_) The glass is broken. (表_ ) I was frightened by his ghost story. (表_ ) She was frightened at the sight of a snake. (表_ ) 狀態(tài)狀態(tài) 狀態(tài)狀態(tài) 動(dòng)作動(dòng)作 動(dòng)作動(dòng)作 動(dòng)作動(dòng)作 狀態(tài)狀態(tài) 四、其它用法四、其它用法 5. 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng) 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng) 一些表示感受、感官的連系動(dòng)詞如：一些表示感受、感官的連系動(dòng)詞如： look, sound, smell, feel, taste 等主等主 語(yǔ)是物時(shí)，可用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)：語(yǔ)是物時(shí)，可用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)： 這座建筑看上去很美這座建筑看上去很美. _ 她的聲音聽(tīng)起來(lái)非常甜美她的聲音聽(tīng)起來(lái)非常甜美. _ The building looks very beautiful. Her voice sounded quite sweet. 四、其它用法四、其它用法 5. 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng) 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng) 一些表示感受、感官的連系動(dòng)詞如：一些表示感受、感官的連系動(dòng)詞如： look, sound, smell, feel, taste 等主等主 語(yǔ)是物時(shí)，可用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)：語(yǔ)是物時(shí)，可用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)： 這座建筑看上去很美這座建筑看上去很美. _ 她的聲音聽(tīng)起來(lái)非常甜美她的聲音聽(tīng)起來(lái)非常甜美. _ The building looks very beautiful. Her voice sounded quite sweet. 四、其它用法四、其它用法 5. 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng) 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng) 一些一些vi主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義open, close, shut, read, write, translate, wash, clean, lock, sell, wear, cut, cook, eat, weigh, drink, pay, draw, etc. 這書賣得好。這書賣得好。 _ 這門不能開(kāi)。這門不能開(kāi)。 _ The books sells well. The door cant open. 四、其它用法四、其它用法 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng) 不定式不定式be to blame (for sth.) (應(yīng)該受責(zé)應(yīng)該受責(zé) 備備, 對(duì)某壞事應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任對(duì)某壞事應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任 ), be to let（出租）（出租） 作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義 。 他該受到責(zé)備。他該受到責(zé)備。 _ 哪位司機(jī)要對(duì)這次事故負(fù)責(zé)？哪位司機(jī)要對(duì)這次事故負(fù)責(zé)？ _Which driver was to blame for the accident? He is to blame. 四、其它用法四、其它用法 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng) 表（表（sth.）需要的）需要的need ,want, require等等 后的后的v-ing 用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義。用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義。 這房間需要清潔。這房間需要清潔。 _ The room needs/wants/requires cleaning. be worth后的后的v-ing主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義。主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義。 這本書值得讀。這本書值得讀。 _ The book is worth reading. 四、其它用法四、其它用法 主動(dòng)句中的賓語(yǔ)是從句主動(dòng)句中的賓語(yǔ)是從句 6. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的賓語(yǔ)是從句，變成被動(dòng)時(shí)使主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的賓語(yǔ)是從句，變成被動(dòng)時(shí)使 用形式替代詞用形式替代詞 it. 如： We know that Britain is an island country. _ The teacher said that this book has been translated into several languages. _ Its known that Britain is an island country. Its said that this book has been translated into several languages 四、其它用法四、其它用法 7. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是以下時(shí)，無(wú)被動(dòng)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是以下時(shí)，無(wú)被動(dòng)。 如： happen, belong to, suit, fit(適合), have, let, join, fall, last（延長(zhǎng)）,cost（花費(fèi)） break out（爆發(fā)）appear, lack（缺乏）， hold(容納)， burst out(迸發(fā))， agree with（同意）。 牢房里發(fā)生斗毆。牢房里發(fā)生斗毆。_ Fighting broke out in the prison cells. 四、其它用法四、其它用法 8. 在一些固句型中常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)如：在一些固句型中常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)如： It is said that 據(jù)說(shuō)據(jù)說(shuō)，人們說(shuō)，人們說(shuō) It is reported that 據(jù)報(bào)道據(jù)報(bào)道 It is hoped that 人們希望人們希望 It is well known that 眾所周知眾所周知 It is believed that 人們相信人們相信 It must be admitted that 必須承認(rèn)必須承認(rèn) It must be pointed that 必須指出的是必須指出的是 一般人都相信健康重于財(cái)富。一般人都相信健康重于財(cái)富。 It is believed that health is above wealth. 五、練習(xí)五、練習(xí) 1. Our English teacher often uses a tape -recorder in teaching English. _2. The villagers gave the foreign guests warm welcome. _3. They heard someone singing in the next room. _A tape-recorder is often used (by our English teacher) in teaching English. The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the villagers. Someone was heard singing in the next. 五、練習(xí)五、練習(xí) 4. The trees should be watered every day. _5. We must take good care of the children. _6. The firefighters have put out the big fire. _We should water the trees every day. The children must be taken good care of . The big fire has been put out . 五、練習(xí)五、練習(xí) 7. 這房子屬于我。這房子屬于我。 _8. 這音樂(lè)聽(tīng)起來(lái)很悅耳。這音樂(lè)聽(tīng)起來(lái)很悅耳。 _9. 這種筆在那個(gè)國(guó)家很好銷。這種筆在那個(gè)國(guó)家很好銷。 _ This room belongs to me. This music sounds sweet. This pen sells well in that country.