2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪 語(yǔ)法專題7 虛擬語(yǔ)氣01 譯林牛津版.doc

2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪 語(yǔ)法專題7 虛擬語(yǔ)氣01 譯林牛津版高考預(yù)練1. -Hello, this is 77553861.A. How are you? B. Will you e tonight?C. Can I take a mesage? D. Is that Mike?2. Tom suggested that we _such a meeting, but Jenny insisted that it _of great importance.A. not hold ; should be B. didnt hold ; be C. hold ; was D. not hold ; was3. You should take the medicine after you read the _.A. lines B. instructions C. words D. suggestions4. -Hi, Tracy, you look tired.-I am tired. I_ the living-room all day.A. painted B. have been painting C. had painted D. have painted5. Im sorry. I _ you_ to me.A. dont know; are speaking B. dont know ;were speakingC. didnt know; were speaking D. didnt know; are speaking6. "Please _why youre so late," said his girlfriend.A. excuse B. explain C. apologize D. tell7. The rescue team made every _ to find the missing mountain climber.A. force B. energy C. effort D. possibility8. -" Would you mind the window? Its hot here!" May said.-"_. "Tom replied.A. to open ; No, please B. open ; Yes, pleaseC. opening; No, of course not D. opening ; Yes, please9. The murderer was brought in, with his hands behind his back.A. to be tied B. being tied C. tied D. having tied10. The reason_ he didnt e was _ he had to take care of his sick mother.A. why ; that B. why ; which C. which ; why D. that ; for11. We _ so tired. Weve only been to a party.A. mustnt have felt B. wouldnt have feltC. shouldnt have felt D. couldnt have felt12. The girl_ on the ground _to me that she had_ the book on the shelf.A. lying ; lay ; laid B. lay ; lied ; laidC. lie ; lied ; lay D. lying; lied ; laid13. -I heard that as many as 4 000 people were killed in 9-Yes. _ news came as _shock to us.A. the ; the B. the ; a C, / ; / D. / ; a14. Neither of them knew what was doing.A. other B. others C. the other D. another15. Sometimes words alone were not enough to _pupils along the path of knowledgeA. provide B. persuade C. advise D. cause參考答案15 DDBBC 610 BCCCA 1115 CBBDB1D本題考查日常的交際用語(yǔ)。此題只要細(xì)心一些，應(yīng)該不難找出答案。2D本題是虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考查，雖然高考對(duì)虛擬語(yǔ)氣不作要求，但是此題涉及單詞的使用，還是值得重視。前一空中本應(yīng)為should not hold，但should省略；后一空不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，insist在這兒指“堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為”。3B本題是詞語(yǔ)的辨析。instructions通常是指說(shuō)明和說(shuō)明書(shū)，故B選項(xiàng)符合題意。4B本題是對(duì)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的考查。解此題的關(guān)鍵是抓住答語(yǔ)中的aday，而D項(xiàng)只表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，沒(méi)有強(qiáng)調(diào)一直做。5C本題一直是考生的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。一定要注意I am sorry表明后面所說(shuō)的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，要用一般過(guò)去式。6B本題是四個(gè)動(dòng)詞的辨析。excuse表示“借口”、“原諒”等意思，explain表示“解釋”；apologize為不及物動(dòng)詞，后接for。7C本題是一道名詞的辨析題。make every effort是固定的詞組，意為“付出努力”。8C本題是在情境對(duì)話中考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。mind后必須接動(dòng)詞-ing形式，可以排除A、B兩項(xiàng)。后一空依靠理解可以正確解答?！安唬也唤橐?。”。9C本題又是一道獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的省略考查。同樣的方法，將原句恢復(fù)：“with hands(where were)tied behind his back”10A本題是一道定語(yǔ)從句與賓語(yǔ)從句的交叉考查。why引導(dǎo)的從句作為句中的定語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的從句作為句中的賓語(yǔ)。11C本題是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的考查。should(not)后接動(dòng)詞的完成式表示“本來(lái)(不)應(yīng)該做但實(shí)際上做了”的含義。12B本題詞型相近的幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞的辨析。lie表示“撒謊”，過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞分別是lied，lied；表示“躺”，分別是lay，lain。lay表示“放”，過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞分別是laid，laid。13B本題是冠詞的考查。News特指前面一個(gè)人所說(shuō)的話，所以加上the；后一個(gè)空為固定用法，a shock t0 sb表示“給某人震驚”。14D本題是代詞的考查。理解句子的意思就比較容易分析此題：“他們誰(shuí)也不知道其他人干什么。”只有D選項(xiàng)符合題意。15B本題是動(dòng)詞詞義的辨析。provide表示“提供”；，pemuade表示“勸服”；advise表示“建議”；cause表示“引導(dǎo)”，所以B項(xiàng)是正確的。 英語(yǔ)中有三種不同的語(yǔ)氣：陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示說(shuō)話人的愿望、假設(shè)、猜測(cè)或建議，而不表示客觀存在的事實(shí)?？键c(diǎn)一虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于條件句中1表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反：條件狀語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)（be的過(guò)去式用were）；主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would（should，could，might）動(dòng)詞原形。If I were you，I would study hard.2表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反：條件狀語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用had過(guò)去分詞；主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would（should，could， might）have過(guò)去分詞。If he had taken my advice，he would have passed the test.3表示與將來(lái)的事實(shí)相反：條件狀語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或should動(dòng)詞原形或were to動(dòng)詞原形；主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would（should，could，might）動(dòng)詞原形。If it were to rain tomorrow，they would not go to the cinema.注意：1）if條件句中只要用了過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)就說(shuō)明該句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。2）if條件句中只出現(xiàn)一個(gè)表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should。3）含有if條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，主句都要用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，且都可理解為過(guò)去式。考點(diǎn)二wish賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法在wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，表示與現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反，或?qū)?lái)的主觀愿望，從句中通常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成形式為：1表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬，從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式（be動(dòng)詞一般用were）。I wish it were spring now.2表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用had過(guò)去分詞。I wish he had e yesterday.3表示對(duì)將來(lái)的主觀愿望，從句中動(dòng)詞常用would/could/might動(dòng)詞原形。I wish it would be fine tomorrow.考點(diǎn)三謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用“（should）動(dòng)詞原形”的情況1表示“建議，要求，命令”的動(dòng)詞：一堅(jiān)持（insist），二命令（order，mand），三建議（suggest，propose，advise），四要求（demand，require，request，ask）后面的賓語(yǔ)從句或是由it作形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用“（should）動(dòng)詞原形”。這些詞相應(yīng)的名詞后的表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用“（should）動(dòng)詞原形”。The teacher ordered that the homework（should）be handed in on time.It is suggested that the meeting（should）be put off.My idea is that we（should）think it over.注意：suggest作“表明，暗示”講時(shí)，不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；insist作“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”講時(shí)，不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。The smile on his face suggested he was happy.The boy insisted he hadnt stolen the money.2在It is important /strange/ natural/ necessary/a pity/a shame等that從句，表示情緒、觀點(diǎn)等，主語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“（should）動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。It is a pity that he（should）refuse to accept the offer.考點(diǎn)四虛擬語(yǔ)氣在其他句型中的使用1在as if/ as though引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，若從句與事實(shí)相反，則要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。其形式如下：主語(yǔ)as if/ though主語(yǔ)一般過(guò)去時(shí)（從句的動(dòng)作與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生）主語(yǔ)as if/ though主語(yǔ)would/could動(dòng)詞原形（從句的動(dòng)作相對(duì)主句來(lái)說(shuō)在將來(lái)發(fā)生）主語(yǔ)as if/ though主語(yǔ)過(guò)去完成時(shí)（從句的動(dòng)作先發(fā)生于主句動(dòng)作之前）He talks as if he knew all about it.He walked slowly as though he had hurt his leg.2在It is（high）time that.句型中也用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句常用過(guò)去式，有時(shí)也用should動(dòng)詞原形，should不可以省略。表示“是時(shí)候做了”，含“建議”的意味。It is time that we studied hard.3would rather后接動(dòng)詞原形，但接從句時(shí)要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（寧愿，但愿）。would rather主語(yǔ)一般過(guò)去時(shí)（表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)情況相反）would rather主語(yǔ)過(guò)去完成時(shí)（表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反）Id rather he didnt go now.Id rather you hadnt told Mike the bad news.4if only “要是就好了”。表示與現(xiàn)在或未來(lái)事實(shí)相反的愿望時(shí)，句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望時(shí)，句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。If only I had passed the driving test last week!5動(dòng)詞hope，intend，mean，plan，want，think等詞的過(guò)去完成時(shí)形式，通常表示“本想，本打算，本認(rèn)為”。He had hoped to e to the party，but it began to rain.考點(diǎn)五含蓄虛擬條件句有時(shí)候假設(shè)的情況不以if引導(dǎo)的條件句形式表現(xiàn)出來(lái)，而是通過(guò)一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)、連詞或其他形式表示。常用的詞或短語(yǔ)有：without，with，but for（要是沒(méi)有），otherwise，or，but等。Without your help（If we had not had your help），we could not have finished the task.He felt very tired yesterday，or/otherwise he would have e to the party.考點(diǎn)六錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，稱為“錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句”，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)各自主從句所表示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。If you had followed my advice，you would recover.（從句說(shuō)的是過(guò)去，主句說(shuō)的是現(xiàn)在）If I were you，I would have gone abroad.（從句是現(xiàn)在，主句說(shuō)的是過(guò)去）考點(diǎn)七省略if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣如果if從句中含有were/ should/ had時(shí)，則可以省略if，把這三個(gè)詞置于句首，采用倒裝語(yǔ)序。If I were you，I would go to the party.Were I you，I would go to the party.If it should happen，what would you do？Should it happen，what would you do?If you had e earlier，you would catch the bus.Had you e earlier，you would catch the bus.