小升初英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)課件
總復(fù)習(xí)總復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法語(yǔ)法一、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如:Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。Heisaboy他是個(gè)男孩shehaslonghair.她有長(zhǎng)頭發(fā)2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如:Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。一般的時(shí)間詞有:often,sometimes,everyday,usually一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. be動(dòng)詞:動(dòng)詞:主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。Heisastudent.他是一個(gè)學(xué)生2.行為動(dòng)詞行為動(dòng)詞:主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞行為動(dòng)詞(+其它其它)。如:WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí),時(shí),要在動(dòng)詞后加要在動(dòng)詞后加-s或或-es。如:MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1. be動(dòng)詞的變化。動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句:主語(yǔ)+be+not+其它。如:Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。 一般疑問(wèn)句:Be+主語(yǔ)+其它。如:-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,Imnot. 特殊疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如:Whereismybike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句:主語(yǔ)+dont(doesnt)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如:Idontlikebread. 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要用當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要用doesnt構(gòu)成構(gòu)成否定句否定句。如:Hedoesntoftenplay.一般疑問(wèn)句:一般疑問(wèn)句:Do( Does ) +主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+其它其它。如:-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idont.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要用當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要用does構(gòu)成一般構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句。如:-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesnt.特殊疑問(wèn)句:特殊疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句。如:Howdoesyourfathergotowork? 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks2以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加-es,如:study-studies 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Heistakingpictures.2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing.Themonkeyisswinging.Sheiscookingdinner.heisdoinghishomework 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。Sheisnottakingpictures.Heisntclimbingmoutains.4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。Ishereadingabook?Istherabbitrunning?5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:疑問(wèn)詞不達(dá)意+be+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞ing? 但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為:?jiǎn)栐~不達(dá)意+be+動(dòng)詞ing? 動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,taste-tastingtake-taking3如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母,雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ing,如:run-running,stop-stoppingswim-swimming將來(lái)時(shí)理論將來(lái)時(shí)理論 一、 概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)thismorning,thisafternoon,thisevening等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu):begoingto+do;wuyifanisgoingtovisithisgrandparentsnextweekend.amyisgoingtoclimbmountainstomorrow.will+do.Hewillgoshoppingthisafternoon.Hewillgotoshanghainextmonth.三、否定句:在be動(dòng)詞(am,is,are)l后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成wont。 一般過(guò)去時(shí)1一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?;蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。如:yesterday,last(weekend,month,year)beusedto2Be動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化:am和is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。(wasnot=wasnt)are在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。(werenot=werent) 帶有was或were的句子,其否定、疑問(wèn)的變化和is,am,are一樣,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑問(wèn)句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子 否定句:否定句:didnt +動(dòng)詞原形,動(dòng)詞原形,如:Jimdidntgohomeyesterday. 一般疑問(wèn)句:在句首加一般疑問(wèn)句:在句首加did,句子中的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變回原形。如:DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑問(wèn)句:特殊疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形?動(dòng)詞原形?如:WhatdidJimdoyesterday?疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí):疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí):疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式?動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式?如:Whowenttohomeyesterday? 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則:1一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled,cook-cooked2結(jié)尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted3末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped4以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的,變y為i,再加-ed,如:study-studied 5不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式:am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-satteach-taughtfeelfelt形容詞比較級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)形容詞比較級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)1、形容詞比較級(jí)在句子中的運(yùn)用:兩個(gè)事物或人的比較用比較級(jí),比較級(jí)后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級(jí)前面可以用more,alittle來(lái)修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格(口語(yǔ)中可用賓格)。 2形容詞加er的規(guī)則:一般在詞尾加er;short-shortersmall-smaller以字母e結(jié)尾,加r;fine-finerlate-later以一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾,應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加er;big-biggerthin-thinnerfat-fatter以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,先把y變i,再加er。easy-easierheavy-heavierearly-earlier3不規(guī)則形容詞比較級(jí): good-better,beautiful-morebeautifulTherebe句型與have,has的區(qū)別1、Therebe句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)2、在therebe句型中,主語(yǔ)是單數(shù),be動(dòng)詞用is;主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù),be動(dòng)詞用are;如有幾件物品,be動(dòng)詞根據(jù)最*近be動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞決定。3、therebe句型的否定句在be動(dòng)詞后加not,一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。 4、therebe句型與have(has)的區(qū)別:therebe表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has)表示某人擁有某物。5、some和any在therebe句型中的運(yùn)用:some用于肯定句,any用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。 4、特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)句:以特殊疑問(wèn)詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導(dǎo)的句子。此類句子應(yīng)該問(wèn)什么就答什么,不能用“yes 、no”來(lái)回答。如:What is this? Its a computer.What does he do? Hes a doctor.Where are you going? Im going to Beijing.Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike. Which season do you like best? Summer.When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.Whose skirt is this? Its Amys.Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees. How are you? Im fine. / Im happy.How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.其中how又可以和其他一些形容詞連用組成特殊疑問(wèn)詞組用來(lái)提問(wèn),如: how many(多少(數(shù)量)), how much(多少(錢)), how tall(多高), how long(多長(zhǎng)), how big(多大), how heavy(多重)例句:How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.How many girls can you see? I can see four girls. How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51. heavy tall long much many big far often(1) How is the Yellow River?(2) How is Mr Green? Hes 175cm.(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.(4) How is the white T-shirt? Its 100 yuan.(5) How apples are there in the bag? There are 5.(6) How is the fish? Its 2kg.四、根據(jù)答句寫出問(wèn)句(1) Im 160 cm.(2) Im 12 years old.(3) My shoes are 80 yuan. (4) Amys hair is 30 cm long.(5) I have three English books.時(shí)間介詞時(shí)間介詞at,on,in的用法的用法 1at用在具體的時(shí)刻和中午前面。如:at 6:00, at seven thirty, at noon2on用在具體星期、日期前面。如:on Monday, on September 1st 3in 用在年、月、季節(jié)或早上、下午、晚上的前面。如:in 2008, in February, in spring, in the morning特殊疑問(wèn)詞特殊疑問(wèn)詞what 什么 where 哪里 who 誰(shuí) whose 誰(shuí)的 when 什么時(shí)候 how 怎樣 which 哪一個(gè)what colour 什么顏色what day 星期幾 what date 日期 what class 什么班why 為什么 what time 什么時(shí)候 how many 多少 what subject 什么科目how much 多少錢 how often 多經(jīng)常 how long 多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間 how old 多大how tall 多高 how heavy 多重四,特殊疑問(wèn)詞。問(wèn)什么What 問(wèn)哪里Where 問(wèn)怎么樣How問(wèn)什么顏色What colour 問(wèn)哪一個(gè)Which問(wèn)星期幾What day 問(wèn)誰(shuí)Who 問(wèn)什么國(guó)家What country問(wèn)什么日期What date 問(wèn)誰(shuí)的Whose 問(wèn)多久How long問(wèn)什么語(yǔ)言What language 問(wèn)為什么Why問(wèn)什么科目What subject 問(wèn)什么形狀What shape問(wèn)多少How many 問(wèn)什么城市What city 問(wèn)多少錢How much問(wèn)多少歲How old問(wèn)什么時(shí)候What time 問(wèn)多經(jīng)常How often問(wèn)多高How tall 問(wèn)什么時(shí)候When 問(wèn)多重How heavy問(wèn)什么季節(jié)What season問(wèn)什么動(dòng)物What animal(s)1、復(fù)習(xí)要有計(jì)劃、復(fù)習(xí)要有計(jì)劃 (1)以教材為本,對(duì)教材進(jìn)行初步梳理)以教材為本,對(duì)教材進(jìn)行初步梳理2、復(fù)習(xí)要有系統(tǒng)性、復(fù)習(xí)要有系統(tǒng)性(2)歸納語(yǔ)言點(diǎn),對(duì)教材的知識(shí)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)梳理)歸納語(yǔ)言點(diǎn),對(duì)教材的知識(shí)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)梳理(3)多練習(xí)一些容易出錯(cuò)的題目)多練習(xí)一些容易出錯(cuò)的題目3、復(fù)習(xí)要有效,要注意方式方法、復(fù)習(xí)要有效,要注意方式方法