湖北省高三英語 最后沖刺 高考英語專題復習 it句型歸納課件

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1、 研究一下近年來的高考試卷研究一下近年來的高考試卷可以發(fā)現,含可以發(fā)現,含 it 的句型幾乎年年的句型幾乎年年考到??梢娍嫉???梢?it 句型的重要性和使句型的重要性和使用的普遍性?,F根據其用法特點用的普遍性?,F根據其用法特點可歸納為下列幾個句型??蓺w納為下列幾個句型。 1. 1. It is + It is + 被強調部分被強調部分 + + that .that . 該句型是強調句型。將被強調的部分放在前面,其它部分置于該句型是強調句型。將被強調的部分放在前面,其它部分置于that that 之后。被強調部分可以是主語,賓語,表語或狀語。強調的主之后。被強調部分可以是主語,賓語,表語或狀語。

2、強調的主語如果是人,語如果是人,that that 可以由可以由 who who 換用。如果把這種句型結構劃掉后,換用。如果把這種句型結構劃掉后,應該是一個完整無缺的句子。這也是判斷強調句型與其它從句的方應該是一個完整無缺的句子。這也是判斷強調句型與其它從句的方法。法。 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. and an hour hand

3、was made. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father. It was in the street that I met her father. 2. 2. It is not until + It is not until + 被強調部分被強調部分 + + that .that . 該句型也是強調句型。主要用于強凋時間

4、狀語,譯成漢語該句型也是強調句型。主要用于強凋時間狀語,譯成漢語 “直直到到才才”,可以說是,可以說是 not . until . not . until . 的強調形式。的強調形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.realized she was a famous film star.= = Not until she took off

5、her dark glasses did I realize she Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.was a famous film star.= = I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. off her dark glasse

6、s. 3. 3. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certainIt is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain) that ) that 該句型中該句型中it it 是形式主語,真正的主語是是形式主語,真正的主語是 that that 引導的主語從句,引導的主語從句,常譯為常譯為 “ 清楚(顯然,真的,肯定清楚(顯然,真的,肯定)”是主語從句最常見的是主語從句最常見的一種結構。一種結構。 It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. It i

7、s very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. = = That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. 4. 4. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural.) It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural.) that .that . 該句型和上一個同屬一個句型。由

8、于主句中的形容詞不同,該句型和上一個同屬一個句型。由于主句中的形容詞不同,that that 后的從句中要用虛擬語氣(后的從句中要用虛擬語氣(should + should + 動詞原形),動詞原形),should should 可以可以省去。建議省去。建議記住該句型中的形容詞記住該句型中的形容詞。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember t

9、hese words. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 5. 5. It is said (reported, learnedIt is said (reported, learned) that ) that 該句型中的該句型中的it it 仍是形式主語,真正主語是仍是形式主語,真正主語是 that that 引導的主語從引導的主語從句。該結構常譯為句。該結構常譯為“ 據說(據報道,據悉據說(據報道,據悉)”。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is said t

10、hat he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another man-made satellite has been It is reported that another man-made satellite has been put into orbitput into orbit7. 7. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that .It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . 該句型中,該句型中,that that 后的從句一般用虛擬語氣(后的從句一般用虛擬語氣(should + should

11、 + 動詞原動詞原形),形),should should 可省去表示出乎意料,常譯為可省去表示出乎意料,常譯為“竟然竟然”。沒有這。沒有這種意義時,則不用虛擬語氣。種意義時,則不用虛擬語氣。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上,真是遺憾!這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上,真是遺憾! It is a pity that he is ill. It is a pi

12、ty that he is ill. 他生病了,真遺憾!他生病了,真遺憾! 6. 6. It is suggested ( ordered, required . ) that .It is suggested ( ordered, required . ) that . 該句型和上一個同屬一個句型。主句中的過去分詞是表示請求,該句型和上一個同屬一個句型。主句中的過去分詞是表示請求,建議,命令等詞時,建議,命令等詞時,that that 后的從句要用虛擬語氣(后的從句要用虛擬語氣(should + should + 動詞動詞原形),原形),should should 可以省。常譯為可以省。常譯

13、為“ 據建議;有命令據建議;有命令)”。 It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. 8. 8. It is time ( about time , high time ) t

14、hat .It is time ( about time , high time ) that . 該句型中該句型中that that 后的從句應該用虛擬語氣,值得注意的是后的從句應該用虛擬語氣,值得注意的是 常用常用過去時態(tài)表示虛擬過去時態(tài)表示虛擬 有時也用有時也用should + should + 動詞原形,動詞原形,should should 不不能省。常譯為能省。常譯為“是(正是)是(正是)的時侯的時侯”。 It is time that children should go to bed. It is time that children should go to bed. = It

15、 is time that children went to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. 9. 9. It is the first ( second It is the first ( second ) time that ) time that 該句型要和上一個句型區(qū)別開來。該句型中的該句型要和上一個句型區(qū)別開來。該句型中的 that that 從句不用虛從句不用虛擬語氣,而用擬語氣,而用完成時態(tài)完成時態(tài)。至于用什么完成時態(tài),由主句的謂語動詞。至于用什么完成時態(tài),由主句的謂語動詞的時態(tài)決定。如果是一般現在時,后面從句用現在完成時

16、態(tài);如果的時態(tài)決定。如果是一般現在時,后面從句用現在完成時態(tài);如果是一般過去時,后面從句則用過去完成時態(tài)。該結構中是一般過去時,后面從句則用過去完成時態(tài)。該結構中 that that 可以可以省去;省去;it it 有時用有時用 this this 替換,常譯為替換,常譯為“是第一(二)是第一(二)次次”。 It is the first time I have been here. It is the first time I have been here. = = This is the first time I have been here. This is the first time

17、 I have been here. 10. It is since . 該句型主要用作處理瞬間動詞的完成時,又要和表示一段時間該句型主要用作處理瞬間動詞的完成時,又要和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用的問題。主句中是時間作表語,其時態(tài)是現在時或的時間狀語連用的問題。主句中是時間作表語,其時態(tài)是現在時或完成時,完成時,since 引導的從句通常是引導的從句通常是一般過去時態(tài),而且是瞬間動詞一般過去時態(tài),而且是瞬間動詞。如果主句是一般過去時,從句則用過去完成時。如果主句是一般過去時,從句則用過去完成時。 It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died.

18、 11. It is . when . 該句型中的該句型中的 when 引導的是一個時間狀語從句,主句中的引導的是一個時間狀語從句,主句中的 it 指時間,表語由具體的時間充當。常譯為指時間,表語由具體的時間充當。常譯為“當當的時候,的時候,是是”。 It was 5 oclock when he came here. 12. It be . before . 該句型主句中的該句型主句中的 it 指時間指時間, 主句中的時態(tài)常是將來一般時或過主句中的時態(tài)常是將來一般時或過去時兩種時態(tài)主句中的表語多是去時兩種時態(tài)主句中的表語多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks

19、等表示時間段的詞或短語。常譯為等表示時間段的詞或短語。常譯為“之后之后”。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job. 13. It happens that. 該句型中該句型中it是形式主語,是形式主語,that 引導的是主語從句,主句中的引導的是主語從句,主句中的happen是不及物動詞是不及物動詞 It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧碰巧 14. It t

20、akes sb. to do sth. 該句型中的不定式是真正的主語,該句型中的不定式是真正的主語,it是形式主語,句型中的直是形式主語,句型中的直接賓語是時間。常譯為接賓語是時間。常譯為“做做要花費某人要花費某人”。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 15. It is no good (use ) doing sth. 該句型中的真正主語是動名詞短語,主句中的表語可以是該句型中的真正主語是動名詞短語,主句中的表語可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , (

21、not any use )。 It is no good learning English without speaking English. 該句型中該句型中whether 引導的從句是真正主語,該句型常譯為引導的從句是真正主語,該句型常譯為“不論(是否)不論(是否) 沒關系沒關系。 It doesnt matter whether they are old (or not). 該句型中的不定式短語是真正主語,如果不定式的邏輯主語是該句型中的不定式短語是真正主語,如果不定式的邏輯主語是由由 of 引起,主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的形容詞。引起,主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特

22、征的形容詞。常見的有常見的有: bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish, good (好好心的心的), honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice (有教有教養(yǎng)的養(yǎng)的), polite, rude, silly, stupid, wise, wrong (錯誤的錯誤的)等。等。 這個這個句型可以改寫為:句型可以改寫為:sb. is kind to do sth. It is kind of you to say so. You are kind to say so. 18. It is

23、 necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 該句型與上一個同屬一個句型。不定式的邏輯主語由該句型與上一個同屬一個句型。不定式的邏輯主語由for 引起,引起,形容詞通常表示重要性,緊迫性,頻繁程度,難易,安全等情況。形容詞通常表示重要性,緊迫性,頻繁程度,難易,安全等情況。常見的形容詞有:常見的形容詞有: 如:如:It is important for her to come to the party. It is important that she (should ) come to the party 19. It seems/appears that 看來看來 I

24、t seems/appears that he will be back in a few days. It looks ( seems ) as if . 該句型中該句型中it 無意義。無意義。 as if 引導一個狀語從句。常譯為,引導一個狀語從句。常譯為,“看看起來好象起來好象 如果與事實不相符合,則用虛擬語氣如果與事實不相符合,則用虛擬語氣 It looks as if he is ill.(真的病了)真的病了) It seemed as if he were dying.(虛擬語氣虛擬語氣) 20. We think it important to learn a foreign language. 該句型中的該句型中的it 作形式賓語。為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為:作形式賓語。為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為: 【 】 We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.

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