2010中考英語復(fù)習(xí)課本知識整理 八年級上 Unit7

2010中考英語復(fù)習(xí)課本知識整理八年級上Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake?【知識梳理】 I. 重點短語 1.take off 脫下2.put on 穿上 3.cut up 切碎 4.turn on 打開5.turn off 關(guān)掉 6.mix up混合在一起7.putaway 把收起來8.take away拿走9.Let me think讓我想想 1o.a slice of bread 一片面包 11.two teaspoons of honey 兩湯匙蜂蜜 12.two cups of yogurt 兩杯酸奶 13.a kilo of tomatoes 一公斤西紅柿 14.two bowls of water兩碗水 15.two baskets of apples兩籃蘋果16.a bag of tea一袋茶葉 17.addto把加到上 18.pourinto 倒到里 19.putin(into)放在(到)里 2o.on the top 在頂部 21.first 首先 22.next 接著 23.then 然后 25.finally=at last 最后 26.an onion 一個洋蔥 27.in the bowl 在碗里 28.sandwich-sandwiches <復(fù)> 29. Lets do sth. 讓我們做 II. 重要句型 1.how many與how much（1）.how many表示“多少”，對數(shù)量提問，后面接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：There are four people in my family.-How many people are in your family? 你家里有幾個人？We have seven classes every day.-How many classes do you have every day? 你們每天上幾節(jié)課？（2）.how much也是表示“多少”，但它對不可數(shù)名詞進行提問。如：There is some milk in the bottle.-How much milk is there in the bottle? 瓶子里有多少牛奶？（3）.how much還可以對價格提問，表示“多少錢”的意思。如：The yellow T-shirt is only 35 yuan.-How much is the yellow T-shirt? 那件黃色的T恤衫多少錢？III. 交際用語 1. How do you make a banana milk shake? Peel the bananas 2. How many bananas do we need? Three. 3. How much yogurt do we need? We need one cup of yogurt. IV. 重要語法祈使句【課文解析】1.Turn on the blender.打開果汁機。turn on打開(電器等)，其反義詞是turn off關(guān)上(電器等)。 turn on the light打開電燈 turn off the radio關(guān)上收音機【辨析】turn on與open(1)rum on表示“打開(電燈、自來水開關(guān)、煤氣、無線電等)”。Please turn on the radio請打開收音機。(2)open表示“敞開，展開；使露在外面”。Open the window pleaseIt's too hot in the room請打開窗戶，房間里太熱了。turn on的反義詞組為rum off(關(guān)上)，其中on和off均為副詞，如果賓語是代詞，必須放在詞組中間且用賓格形式。類似的詞組還有：turn up調(diào)高，開大；turn down調(diào)低，關(guān)小。He turned on the light after he came in他進來后開了燈。Don't forget to turn off the light when you leave你離開時別忘了關(guān)燈。2cut up 切碎cut up為動詞短語，意為“切碎”，此時它的賓語為某物，相當(dāng)于cutinto small pieces，即“把某物切成小塊”。We should cut up the tomatoes我們應(yīng)該把西紅柿切碎。cut up賓語為某人時，意為“(嚴(yán)重地)割傷，打傷”。How many bananas do we need？我們需要多少香蕉？How many引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句表示“多少”，后邊跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。How many pears do you want：?你想要多少梨?How many people are there，in your family?你家有幾口人?7How much yogurt do we need？我們需要多少酸奶？How much表示“多”，引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句，后邊跟不可數(shù)名詞。How much還有“多少錢”的意思，用來詢問物品的價格。How much water is there in the bottle?瓶子里有多少水?How much ls the jacket?這件夾克衫多少錢?need既可作實義動詞，也可作情態(tài)動詞。(1)need!作實義動詞時，可用于各種句型之中。How many bananas do you need?你需要幾個香蕉?You don't need tn do it at once你不必馬上做那件事。一Does she need to come?需要她來嗎?一Yes，she does一No，she doesn't是的。不，她不必來。(2)need怍情態(tài)動詞時，只用于否定句、疑問句和條件句，后面必須接動詞原形。 You needn't go this week本周你不必去。一Need he go at once?他馬上就得走嗎?一Yes，he must一No，he needn't是的，他必須馬上走。不，他不必馬上走。注意：用must引導(dǎo)的問句，肯定回答常用must，否定回答常用needn't。一Must I go now?我現(xiàn)在必須走嗎?一Yes，you must一No，you needn't是的，你必須走。不，你不必走。Lets make fruit salad.我們做水果沙拉吧。 Let's=Let us讓我們，咱們let后的動詞不定式不帶to，即let sbdo sth讓某人干某事。Let Li Lei do it讓李雷做這件事吧。 Let us go and help the old man讓我們?nèi)椭俏焕先税伞Ｗ⒁猓篖et us以縮寫為Let's，但Let's和Let us所構(gòu)成的祈使句意義并不完全相同。Let's“讓我們”，包括說話方和對方在內(nèi)；其反義疑問句形式用shall We。Let's go fishing，shall we?咱們?nèi)メ烎~吧，好嗎?(包含說話方和對方在內(nèi))Let us“讓我們”，不包括對方在內(nèi)，具有請求允許的意味，其反意疑問句形式是will you？Let us go，will you?讓我們?nèi)?，好?(us只指說話方，不包含對方)9good idea好主意 這是用于應(yīng)答提出的建議時常用的句子。good idea前不用冠詞。一Let's go fishing讓我們?nèi)メ烎~吧。一Good idea好主意。That's a good idea那是個好主意。Finally adv最后finally為副詞，意為“最后，最終”，可位于句首、句中或句尾，位于句中時，要放在be等助動詞之后，行為動詞之前。I fina11y worked out the problem我最后做出了那道題。辨析：finally，at last與in the end(1)finally最后，只指一系列事物或論點的順序，一般不帶感情色彩：He tried many timesand finally succeeded他嘗試了多次，最后成功了。(2)at last有時可與finally互換，但往往用于一番拖延或曲折之后，因而帶有較濃厚的感情色彩，表示不耐煩、放心、如愿等。He has finished speaking at last他終于說完了!At last I have obtained my wish我的愿望終于實現(xiàn)了。(3)in the end終于，可用于預(yù)測將來；finally，at last則不能。He will be a scientist in the end最終他會成為一名科學(xué)家。First adv 首先first用作副詞，意為“首先”；用作序數(shù)詞表示“第一”；用作形容詞表示“第一流的，首要的”；用作名詞表“開端”、“冠軍”。January is the first month of the year一月是一年里的第一個月?！颈嫖觥縡irst與at first(1)first一般表示按順序開始，可說first of all首先for the first time初次。First，Ill tell you good news首先，我要告訴你們好消息。(2)at first為“起先，開頭”之意，暗示與后來的事情動作不同，與at the beginning同義。At first，we were not good friends起初我們不是好朋友。first常構(gòu)成的詞組：first of all首先，第一first or last遲早，早晚from first to last自始至終，一貫then put in two teaspoons of honey and a cup of yogurt。然后放入涼茶勺蜂蜜和一茶杯酸奶。two teaspoons of"兩茶匙一·”和a cup of"一茶杯”，分別用來表示不可數(shù)名詞honey"蜂蜜”和yogurt"酸奶”的量。表容器的名詞是可數(shù)名詞，由其前面的數(shù)詞決定其單復(fù)數(shù)形式。These three pieces of paper are hers這三張紙是她的。注意：不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，不能與aan連用，不能用數(shù)詞修飾，但不可數(shù)名詞前可加some，a little，any，no等詞，也可與“量詞+of"這種形式搭配，表示數(shù)量的多少。不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但它前邊的量詞可以有復(fù)數(shù)。常見的用于表示不可數(shù)名詞的量的短語還有：a glass of一杯a bag of一袋a box of一箱 a bottle of一瓶a bowl of一碗a cup of一杯mix it all up把所有的東西一起進行攪拌。mix up為動詞短語，意為“混合在一起，弄錯，弄亂”。up為副詞，故也適用“代詞放中間(動、副詞之間)，名詞放兩邊(副詞兩邊)”的口訣。Someone has mixed up all the ingredients有人已經(jīng)把所有的配料都混在一起了。(1)表示“把和混在一起混摻和，融合”，常用mix A with B或mix A and B(together)的形式。Oil doesn't mix with water油不溶于水。(2)mixture是mix的名詞，意為“混合，結(jié)合體，混合體”。The city is a mixture of old and new buildings這座城市是新老建筑的混合體。14Add salt to the noodles.把鹽加到面條里。(1)addto把加到上Will you please add a few notes to the article?請你給這篇文章加些注釋好嗎?Add 4 to 6 and you have 1o4加6等于lo。(2)add to增添，補充The wonderful song added to our pleasure悅耳的歌聲給我們增添了歡樂。15First，put some relish on a slice of bread首先，在一片面包上放些調(diào)料。puton意為“把放在上”，常用于把某物放于另一物體的表面上。Could you put the box on the desk?你可以把這個箱子放到書桌上嗎?put on意為“穿上戴上(衣服、鞋、帽等)”。It's raining outsidePut on your raincoat外面下雨了，穿上你的雨衣。put還常與其他副詞連用，構(gòu)成動詞短語，表達不同的意義。常見的有：put away把收起來整理好put up把掛起來舉起來put down放下，記下put off拖延a slice of意為“一薄片·_，常用來指不可數(shù)名詞的量。slice有單復(fù)數(shù)的變化，以表達不可數(shù)名詞的多少。I have had some slices of roast beef我已經(jīng)吃了幾片燒牛肉了。slice還可作動詞，意為“把切成(薄)片”，其后可用up，也可以省略。 Let's slice(up)the onions讓我們把洋蔥切成片兒。16Super Chicken Sandwich。超級雞肉三明治。(1)super相當(dāng)于excellentsplendid，表示“超級的，極好的”。We had a super meal我們吃了一頓極好的飯。(2)另外，super還可用作前綴，后加另一名詞，構(gòu)成一個新名詞。supermarket超市 superpower超級大國superman超人 supermodel超級名模chicken n作定語，修飾另一名詞sandwich。一般情況下，名詞作定語時在數(shù)上不受它修飾的名詞的影響而用其單數(shù)。a banana tree一棵香蕉樹two apple trees兩棵蘋果樹但是當(dāng)表示性別的man，woman作定語時，在數(shù)上要隨它所修飾的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而變化。a man teacher一位男教師two women doctors兩位女醫(yī)生l 7Then cut up an onion and a tomato。然后切一個洋蔥和一個西紅柿。 cut up這里意為“切碎”。此句中的“洋蔥”和“西紅柿”分別用不定冠詞an和a修飾，泛指單一、每一、任一事物。1 want to buy a pen我想買一支鋼筆?！颈嫖觥縜，an與oneaan都是冠詞，a用在以輔音音素開頭的單數(shù)名詞前；an用在以元音音素開頭的單數(shù)名詞前。I have a sister我有一個姐姐。He is eating an egg他正在吃一個雞蛋。(1)不定冠詞a，an可表達“一個”，主要強調(diào)事物的類別；而基數(shù)詞one更強調(diào)數(shù)字概念。I have one brother我有一個哥哥。(不是兩個，強調(diào)個數(shù))(2)若有only(只有)，just(僅僅)這樣的詞修飾，表達“一個”時，只能用one，而不能用不定冠詞a或an。Now we have only one way現(xiàn)在我們只有一個方法。(3)one可以作代詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones，而aan是冠詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。These magazines are too oldDo you have some new ones?這些雜志太舊了，你有新的嗎?(ones代替magazines)(4)a用于以輔音音素開頭的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前。如：a pen，a cup等；an用于以元音音素開頭的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前。如：an apple。An hour等；而one可用于所有可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前。如：one busone egg等。 18.finally，put another slice of bread on the top.最后，在上面放上另一片面包。 another是由an+ other構(gòu)成的不定代詞，意為“另一”。通常用在單數(shù)名詞前，且其前不再使用冠詞。它表示三者或三者以上的人或事物中任意的另外一個。I don't like the red hatPlease give me another one我不喜歡這頂紅帽子，請再給我一頂。(1)another后一般接單數(shù)名詞，但是，其后可接帶有few或數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。I have another, three questions to ask我還有三個問題要問。(2)another后加數(shù)詞，表達“再，又幾個”，可與數(shù)詞+more進行互換。I'm too hungryI want to eat another twotwo more(cakes)我太餓了，我想再吃兩塊(蛋糕)。(前面已經(jīng)吃過一塊或幾塊) on the top意為“在上面，在頂部”；也常寫作on top。Stand on top and look down站在頂上俯視。on top of意為“在上面，在上方”。Books were piled on top of one another書一本本地摞在一起。at the top意為“在頂部頂端”。Write your name at the top of the paper把你的名字寫在這頁紙的頂端。all與bothall與both都表示“都”，但all用于三者或三者以上，而both只能用于兩者之間。All of us like English我們大家都喜歡英語。They both like English他們倆都喜歡英語。21. slices of duck烤鴨片duck意為“鴨子，鴨肉”，duck變復(fù)數(shù)時加s，作群體名詞時不變。duckling n小鴨子chick n小雞chicken n雞肉，小雞Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake?單元測試1聽力測試八(2o分)聽句子。選出你在句子中聽到的單詞(5分)( )1Ayogurt Byounger Cyoung( )2Apeel Bpear Cpeach( )3Amake Bmade Cmachine( )4Anet Bneck Cneed( )5Ahave Bhas Chad聽句子，選擇正確答案(5分)( )6AOne BTwo CThree DFour teaspoons( )7AYes，it isBYes，I dont CNo，I dont DNo，it isnt( )8AIts very delicious BSorry，I dont know CIts very popular DThank you( )9AJust one BNo，pleaseCYes，I doDA little( )1oAYes，I likeBYes，pleaseCNo，pleaseDYes，I do聽對話及問題，選擇正確答案(5分)( )11AA banana shake BBananas and ice cream CA milk shake( )12ABananas，apples，oranges and watermelon  BBananas，apples，watermelon and sugar CBananas，apples，watermelon and yogurt( )13AEat the popcorn   BPour the popcorn into the bowl CPut the popcorn and some cream into the popper( )14AVegetable salad BFruit salad CYogurt salad( )15AMikes father BMikes mother CMike聽對話，根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容完成下列表格(5分)What does Mrs. White buyHow much or How manyHow much moneyPork16_1o yuanChickentwo kilos17_18_two kilos12 yuanMilk19_6 yuan2o_one kilo5 yuan筆試部分(8o分)單項選擇(15分)( )1_ yogurt do we need for the milk shake? AHow manyBHow muchCHow DWhat( )2Lets _ fruit salad Amake Bto make Cmakes Dmaking( )3Do you like mayonnaise? _ AI dont think so BI think so CYes，I do DYes，I dont( )4Pour the milk _ the blender Ain Binto Con Dat( )5Heres a recipe _ a great turkey sandwich Aof Bfor Cin Dabout( )6Father is _ the wood in order to make a fire Acutting up Bcutting off Ccutting through Dcutting down( )7_？  Yes，pleaseId like some sandwiches AWho are you BWhat are you CCan I help you DCan you help me( )8Without your help，I dont know _ to do it Awhat Bwhich Chow Dwhom( )9_ are the mushrooms？  Two yuan a kilo AHow much BHow manyCWhatDHow( )1oDont forget to _ the lights before you leave the room Aturn on Bturn off Cturn down Dturn up( )11_ uncountable nouns are there in Unit Seven? AWhat manyBHow manyCHow much DWhich words( )12_ cut up two apples，then put them into the blenderFinally turn on the blender AAnd BNext CFirst DThen( )13You _ get up so earlyBut you must go to work on time Aneednt to Bdont have toCmay not Dmustnt( )14This is _ onion and that is _ beef Aan；a Ban；Ca；an Da；( )15The piece of meat is too large，lets cut _ Athem up Bit up Cup them Dup it完形填空(1o分) Food is very importantEveryone need to 1 well if he or she wants to have a strong bodyOur minds also need a kind of foodThis kind of food is 2 We begin to get knowledge even when we are very youngSmall children are 3 in everything around themThey learn   4 while they are watching and listeningWhen they are getting older，they begin to    5    story books，science booksanything they likeWhen they find something new，they love to ask questions and 6 to find out the answers What is the best 7 to get knowledge？If we learn 8 ourselves，we will get the most knowledgeIf we are 9 getting answers from others and do not ask why，we will never learn wellWhen we study in the right way，we will learn more and understand 1o ( )1Asleep Bread Cdrink Deat( )2Asport Bexercise Cknowledge Dmeat( )3Ainterested Binteresting Cweak Dbetter( )4Aeverything Bsomething Cnothing Danything( )5Alend Bread Clearn Dwrite( )6Atry Bhave Cthink Dwait( )7Alibrary Bschool Cway Droad( )8Aon Bwith Cto Dby( )9Aoften Balways Cusually Dsometimes( )1oAharder Bmuch Cbetter Dwell閱讀理解(2o分)A Can you name some foods in the meat group? Can you tell where they come from? Your body is made up of millions of cellsCells are very small Your body has to make new cells in order to growIt also has to make new cells to take the place of the old cells that have been worn out To grow，the cells need a thing called proteinThe protein you need most comes from foods in the meat group Fruit and vegetables are plant foodsFoods in this group give your body vitamins and mineralsYour body needs vitamins and minerals to grow and to stay well The third food group is made up of breadThese foods come from grainYour body gets heat and energy from these foodsIt needs a lot of energy to work and play Milk is one of the best foods your body can getIt has protein，vitamins and mineralsMilk is good between meals or with meals Some foods are not listed in the four main groupsThis is because you do not have to think about eating these foodsYou eat them if you eat foods from the four main foods( )1In order to grow，your body _ Ahas to make more water Bneeds more small protein Chas to make new cells Dneeds old cells( )2In order to growthe cells need _ Afood Bprotein Cmeat Da cell( )3The protein comes mostly from _ Amilk Bfruit Cbread Dmeat( )4Vitamins come from _ Aprotein Bfruit and vegetables Cfat Dnew cells( )5Milk has _ in it Ameals Bbody Cminerals DbreadB English breakfast is a very big meal-eggs，tomatoes，tea，coffeeFor many people lunch is a quick mealIn cities there are a lot of sandwich barswhere office workers can buy the kind of bread they wantbrown or white，or a rolland then all kinds of salad and meat or fish to go in the sandwichSchool children can have a hot meal at schoolBut many just take a sandwich，a drink and some fruit from home Tea means two thingsIt is a drink and a meal! Some people have afternoon tea，with sandwiches，cakes and a cup of tea They usually have the evening meal quite early，between 6:oo and 8:oo，and often all the family members eat together On Sundays，many families have a traditional lunchThey have chicken，porkwith vegetables The Englishmen like food from other countries，too，especially French，Chinese，Italian and IndianPeople often get take-away foodthey buy outside and then bring it home to eat根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母，完成單詞使句子完整通順。6In England many people have a b_ breakfast and a q_ lunch _ _ off the blender6Cut up these tomatoes(改成進行時，用I作主語) I _ _ up these tomatoes7There are some mushrooms in the box(對畫線部分提問) _ in the box?8She needs a teaspoon of honey(對畫線部分提問) How _ _ of honey _ she need?根據(jù)漢語完成句子(5分)1你在面包上放了多少調(diào)料? _ _ relish did you _ _the bread?2檢查一下你是否有所有的原料。 _ you _ _ the ingredients3你怎樣做水果沙拉? _ do you _ _ salad?4這是做火雞三明治的食譜。 _ a _ _ a great turkey sandwich5然后放入兩湯匙檸檬和一杯酸奶。 _ put in _ _ _ lemon and _ _ _ yogurt書面表達(1o分) 根據(jù)所給提示，寫出水果沙拉的制作過程，所給提示詞必須都用上，6o詞左右。 題目：How do you make a fruit salad? 提示詞：first，next，then，finally，apple，pear，grape，banana，orange，peach，salad，cream，sugar，washpeel，cut，add to，mix up，put_參考答案聽力測試八1Put the bananas and yogurt in the blender 2Peel three bananas 3How does he make an apple milk shake? 4How much yogurt do we need? 5First，check you have all the ingredients6How much honey do we need? 7Do you like smoothies? 8How to make a fruit salad? 9How many apples does your brother have? 1oWould you like a cup of coffee?11W：What are you going to do? M：I want to buy some bananas and ice creamWhat about you? W：Im going to make a banana milk shake for my mum Q：What does the man want to buy? 12W：What do you need to make a fruit salad? M：I need bananas，apples，watermelon and yogurt Q：What does the man need to make a fruit salad? 13W：Can you make popcorn yourself? M：Yes，I canFirst put the popcorn and some cream into the popperNext turn on the popperThen pour the pop corn into the bowlFinally you can eat itIts delicious! Q：What should the woman do after turning on the popper? 14W：Which is your favorite，fruit saladvegetable salad or yogurt salad? M：I like fruit salad best Q：What is the mans favorite salad? 15W：Can you make shakes at home，Mike? M：Yes，but not very wellMy father can make delicious ba nana shakes but my mother cant Q：Who can make delicious banana shakes?M：Hello，Mrs WhiteWhat can I do for you? W：YesI want some pork M：How much do you want? W：About one kiloDo you have any chicken? M：Yes W：I want two kilos M：OK，two kilos W：Do you have any bread and milk? M：Yes，I doAnd I have fruits like apples，bananas and oranges W：Two kilos of bread，four bottles of milk and one kilo of apples M：Here you are W：How much are all these things? M：Let me seeThe pork is 1o yuanThe chicken is 15 yuan The bread is 12 yuanThe milk is 1.5 yuan a bottleYou buy four bottlesThats 6 yuanApples are 5 yuan a kiloAll the things are 48 yuan W：OKHeres the money M：Thank you1A 2A 3A 4C 5A6D 7C 8B 9A 1oB11B 12C 13B 14B 15A16about one kilo 1715 yuan 18bread 19four bottles 2oapples筆試部分1B 解析：yogurt是不可數(shù)名詞，用How much提問多少。 2A 解析：Lets后加動詞原形。 3C 解析：用助動詞do提問的句子，肯定回答Yesdo，否定回答Nodont。 4B 解析：pourinto為固定搭配。 5B 解析：for“為準(zhǔn)備的?！?6A 解析：句子的意思是“父親在劈柴”。cut up意思為“切碎”，符合題意。 7C 解析：Can I help you? 是售貨員的習(xí)慣用語，意思是“你想買點什么?” 8C 解析：因為不定式to do后面有賓語，所以只能選疑問副詞how。 9A 解析：由答語可知問的是價錢，故只能用how much來提問。 1oB 解析：由句意知：當(dāng)你離開屋子之前不要忘記關(guān)燈。 11B 解析：疑問短語的中心詞是nouns，可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以應(yīng)用How many來提問多少。 12C 解析：First，then，finally表示動作的先后順序。 13B 解析：你沒必要起這么早，但你必須按時上班。表“沒必要干什么”用neednt do或dont have to do；need(neednt)作情態(tài)動詞，后直接跟動詞原形。選項C may not表示“可能不”，選項D mustnt表示“嚴(yán)禁”，根據(jù)句意均不符合。 14B 解析：onion是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，且以元音音素開頭，所以應(yīng)用不定冠詞an；beef是不可數(shù)名詞，此處表“類”，不能加任何冠詞。故答案選擇B。 15B 解析：cut up是動副詞組結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語如果是代詞時，把代詞置于cut和up之間，又由于meat是不可數(shù)名詞，代詞應(yīng)用it。One possible version：How do you make a fruit salad? First wash the apples，pears，grapes，oranges and peachesPeel the apples，pears oranges and bananasCut up the applespears，grapes，bananas，oranges and peachesNext put the fruits in a bowlThen p