2010中考英語復(fù)習課本知識整理 八年級上 Uint2

2010中考英語復(fù)習課本知識整理八年級上 Unit 2 What's the matter?【知識梳理】 I. 重點短語1. have/ catch a cold=have got a cold 感冒2.a sore back/throat 背(咽喉)痛3. have a stomachache 胃痛4. lie down and rest 躺下休息5. see a dentist 看牙醫(yī)6. drink lots of water 多喝水7. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的熱茶8. a good idea 好主意.9. stressed out 筋疲力盡10. a healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式11. traditional Chinese doctors 傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)醫(yī)生12. a balance of yin and yang 陰陽調(diào)和13. too much yin 陰氣太盛14. a balanced diet 飲食平衡15. healthy/yin/yang food 健康(陰性，陽性)食品16. at the moment = now 此刻17. enjoy oneself = have a good time =have fun=have a wonderful time 玩得高興,過得愉快19. host family 寄宿家庭20. conversation practice 會話練習21. enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事，II. 重要句型 1.like doing sth 喜歡做某事，2. practise doing sth. 練習做某事,3. mind doing sth. 介意做某事，4. finish doing sth. 完成某事,5. give up doing sth. 放棄做某事,6. keep doing sth. 堅持做某事.7.cant stand doing sth.忍不住做某事8. have fun doing sth. 做某事很愉快即：practice, mind, finish, give up, keep, cant stand, havefun等與enjoy用法相似。III. 交際用語詢問別人如何感覺A: What's the matter?(怎么了？)B: I'm not feeling well.(我感覺不舒服。)I have a cold.(我感冒了。)A: When did it start?(什么時候開始的？)B: About two days ago.(大約兩天前開始的。)A: Oh, that's too bad.(哦，這很糟糕。)You should lie down and rest.(你應(yīng)該躺下休息。)B: Yes, I think so.(是的，我是這么認為的。)A: I hope you feel better soon.(祝你早日康復(fù)。)IV. 重要語法情態(tài)動詞【課文解析】 You must do the work with more care你工作要再細心些。Maybe與may be maybe連在一起是副詞，意為“可能，也許，大概”，在句中作狀語，通常置于句首，也可以放在謂語動詞之前；may be分寫是“情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形”的形式，在旬中作謂語。 一Is that true?那是真的嗎? 一Maybe，I'm not sure也許(可能)是，我說不準。 He may be eighteen他可能18歲了。 Maybe your book is at home也許你的書在家里。 The book may be in the desk那本書可能在課桌里。 I am not feeling well.我覺得不舒服。 I'm not feeling well是病人回答醫(yī)生或回答他人詢問病情時常用的回答方式之一，意為“我感到不舒服”。I am not feeling well也可以說成I don't feel well8類似的答語還有：I feel terrible我感到不舒服。I feel m我感覺生病了。I feel even worse我感到更糟糕了。feel在該句中為系動詞，意為“覺得，感覺”。He feels comfortable他覺得很舒服。I feel coldhungry我感到9覺得餓。start to do和start doing都表示“開始做某事”，但是在以下三種情況中用start to do而不用start doing。(1)主語是物而不是人時。The ice started幻melt冰開始融化了。(2)start本身為-ing形式時。He is just starting to write the letter他剛剛開始寫那封信。(3)其后的動詞與想法、感情有關(guān)時。She started to understand it她開始明白這件事。That's too bad是人們對于對方或者自己的不幸、不理想的結(jié)果抱有可惜的一種感情流露，意為“太可惜(糟糕，不幸)了?！蓖ǔＳ糜诳谡Z中。 That's too badI can't catch the trainI have to go there tomorrow太糟糕了，我趕不上火車了，我只好明天去那里了。一I failed the exam again this time這次考試我又沒及格。That's too badYou should work harder at your lessons真可惜，你應(yīng)當更加努力地學習功課。so常常與動詞、形容詞等連用，以避免重復(fù)。常用的動詞有say，speak，tell，hope，believe，do等；形容詞有afraid等。一I failed the math examReally?我數(shù)學考試沒有及格，真的嗎?一I'm afraid so恐怕是這樣。其形容詞是ill(病的，生病的)，其反義詞是health(健康)。illnesses of children兒童所得的各種疾病Some children are away from school because of illness一些孩子因病不能來上學。advice是名詞，表示“建議”，屬不可數(shù)名詞。Please give us some advice請給我們出些主意。She gave me some advice on how to learn English她向我提出了如何學習英語的建議。take sbs advice接受某人的建議ask for sbs advice征求某人的意見healthy與health二者詞性不同，因此用法就不同。(1)health為名詞，意為“健康(狀態(tài))”，其反義詞是i11ness。通常作賓語。She is in good health她身體健康。Drinking milk is good for your health喝牛奶有益于你的身體健康。(2)healthy是形容詞，意為“健康的”，其反義詞是unhealthy。在句中作定語或表語。My wife had a healthy baby just now我太太剛生了個健康的寶寶。Too much， much too與too many 三者均是含有副詞too的短語，但其用法不同。(1)too much和much too樣子很相似，但是用法不同。Too much后接不可數(shù)名詞，意為“太多”；much too后跟形容詞或副詞，意為“太”。There is too much noise in the classroom教室里太吵。The book is much too dear這本書太貴。(2)too many的中心詞是many，too是修飾語，因此該短語是形容詞短語，常用來修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)。There are too many old books in the library圖書館里舊書太多。Also, too與either三者都表示“也”。但是用法有區(qū)別。(1)too用于肯定句，置于旬末，前面加逗號；也可以用在句中，前后都加逗號。(2)also含較莊重的色彩，通常置于be等助動詞后，實義動詞前。He likes English，too=He，too，likes English他也喜歡英語。She is rich，and she is also selfish她很富有，也很自私。She also learns English她也學英語。(3)either用于否定句，置于句末，并用逗號隔開。He is not there，either他也不在那兒。For example 與like(1)for example意為“例如”，作插入語，用逗號與句子隔開，可置于句首、句中或句末。Tom is a good beyFor examplehe often helps Granny Li do housework湯姆是個好男孩。比如他常幫李奶奶做家務(wù)。(2)like也常用作舉例，但其后常接名詞或代詞。Some warm-blooded animals，like the cat and the dog，don't need to hibernate一些溫血動物，像貓和狗，不需要冬眠。Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is alos good for this.吃黨參和黃芪也對此有好處。 此句中的Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs作主語，是動名詞短語，謂語動詞需要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故be動詞用is。 stressed out是一個形容詞短語，此處作表語。stressed由動詞stress而來，它是8tress的過去分詞，stress意為“加壓力”。 在英語中，有部分動詞的過去分詞已演變?yōu)樾稳菰~，常見的如：interest(使感興趣) interested，worry(擔憂) wortied，relax(放松)relaxed，excite(使興奮)-excited，lose(丟失)-,lost，amazing(使驚奇)-,amazed。這類形容詞往往用來說明人的情緒。We are relaxed on weekends周末我們可以放松一下。They Were amazed to hear the news聽到這消息他們很驚訝。The children were very excited when they。aw so many animals in the zoo在動物園里看到如此多的動物，孩子們十分興奮。這是由and連接的并列句，在兩個句子中，都用It's+adj+to do sth句型，意為“做某事是的”。It是形式主語，to do sth真正的主語。若表示“某人做是的”，則用It's+adj+for sb+to do sth It's dangerous to play on the read在馬路上玩耍是很危險的。 這幾個詞均為名詞的修飾語，用來表示名詞的量，但含義有所不同。(1)few修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞，具有否定意義。The animal is ugly，and few people like it這個動物很丑，幾乎沒有人喜歡它。(2)a few用來修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞，意為“幾個，數(shù)個”，具有肯定意義。There are a few elephants in the zooThey are so big動物園里有幾頭大象，它們真大。(3)little具有否定意義，意為“很少，幾乎無”，用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞。There is little milk in the glass杯子里幾乎沒有牛奶了。(4)a little具有肯定意義，意為“一些”，用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞。I call speak English wellbut I Can speak a little Japanese我英語說得很好，但日語僅會講一點兒。 情態(tài)動詞有自己的詞匯意義，但不能獨立作謂語，只能和其他動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語，表示說話人對所說的話的態(tài)度和看法。情態(tài)動詞后跟動詞原形，無人稱和數(shù)的變化。那兒看見他了。5need主要用在否定旬和疑問句中，表示“必要”。You needn't take anything with you.你們不必帶任何東西去。 6have to表示由客觀條件決定而不得不做某事，意為“必須。不得不”。與其他情態(tài)動詞不同的是：在一般現(xiàn)在時中，它有人稱和數(shù)的變化，而在否定、疑問結(jié)構(gòu)中，使用助動詞does或do。We have to stay at home todaybecause it's raining so hard因為雨下得這么大，今天我們只好待在家里了。The girl has to walk to school every day這個女孩每天得步行去上學?！局锌歼B線】單元測試聽力測試二(20分) AOne day BTwo days CThree days( )14Where should he go? ATo the school BTo the hospital CTo his home( )15What shouldnt he eat? AAnything BSweet(甜的)food CRice聽短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空(5分)16Jack _ in China with his _17Hes in Grade _Miss Zhuang is his _18He loves _ China19He learned about Chinese _ and Chinese20He likes _ _ best筆試部分(80分)單項選擇(15分)( )1Whats _ you，my boy? Athe matter with Bmatter with Cthe matter to Dmatter of( )2Its important to _ Astay health Bkeep healthy Ckeep health Dkeep in health( )3I think you should drink _ Ahot tea of honey Bhot honey tea Chot tea with honey Dhot honey of tea( )4Theres _ foodThats _ nice Atoo much；too much Bmuch too；much too Cmuch too；too much Dtoo much；much too( )5Im sorry，Mr Wang isnt in _ Aat moment Bin a moment Cat the momentDfor a moment( )6Why are you _ and angry? Astressed out Bstress Cstress out Dstressing out( )7He shouldnt eat _ for 20 hours Asomething Banything Ceverything Dnothing( )8When did you _ the medicine? Atake Bhave Chas Ddrink( )9The little girl has only _ pen friends Aa little Blittle Cfew Da few( )10How are you?Im not _ Agood Bwell Cnice Dright( )11Whats the matter with you?  I had _ bad cold and had to stay in _ bed Aa；/ Ba；the Ca；a Dthe；the( )12Maybe she should _ an old dentist Avisits Bsee Cwatching Dlook( )13You have too much yang in your life，you shouldnt eat lots of yang food Abecause Bso Cbut Dalthough( )14_ fruits is _ good for you AEat；too BEating；eitherCEat；also DEating；also( )15The food _ beef or lamb can give _ more energy Alike；you Blikes；you Clike；your Dlikes；your完形填空(10分) Will it matter if you dont take your 1 ?A short time ago，a test was given in the United StatesPeople of different 2 ，from 12 to 83，were asked to have a testDuring the test，these people were given all kinds of breakfasts，and sometimes they got 3 breakfast at allScientists wanted 4 how well their bodies worked when they had eaten different kinds of breakfastsThe results show that if a person eats a right breakfast，he or she will work 5 than if he or she has no breakfastIf a student has fruit，eggs，bread and milk 6 going to school，he    7 more quickly and listen 8 in class The result is opposite to 9 some people thinkHaving no breakfast will not help you lose weight(減肥)This is because people become so 10 at noon that they eat too much for lunchThey will gain weight(增肥)instead of losing it( )1Adinner Bsupper Cbreakfast Dlunch( )2Awork Bplaces Chabits Dage( )3Ano Bsome Ca little Dnot( )4Ato know Bknowing Cto see Dseeing( )5Aharder Bbetter Cquickly Dwell( )6Awhen Bwhile Cafter Dbefore( )7Awill learn Blearns Clearnt Dis learning( )8Amore carefully Bcarefully Cmost careful Dmore careful( )9Athat Bwhat Cwhy Dhow( )10Aangry Bhappy Chungry Dtired閱讀理解(20分)A Frederick was ill and went to the hospitalA doctor looked him over and said，“Well，Mr Green，youre going to get some injections，and youll feel much betterA nurse will come and give you the first this evening，and then youll have to get another one tomorrow evening”In the evening a young nurse came to Fredericks bed and said to him，“Im going to give you your first injection now，Mr GreenWhere do you want it?” The old man was surprisedHe looked at the nurse for a while，then he said，“Nobody has ever let me choose that beforeAre you really going to let me choose now?” “Yes，Mr Green，”the nurse answeredShe was in a hurry，“Where do you want it?” “Well，then，”the old man answered with a smile“I want it in your left arm，please”( )1What is the meaning of the underlined phrase“l(fā)ooked over”? A照料 B尋找 C檢查 D打量( )2How many persons are there in the story? ATwo BThree CFour DFive( )3From the passage，we know the old man is Abadly ill Bhealthy Clike a child Dslightly(輕微的)ill( )4Mr Green has to _ to be better Ahave some medicine Bhave some rest Ctake some injections Ddo some sports( )5How often does Mr Green have to get injections? ATwice a dayBOnce a dayCTwo DIn the eveningBMr Hunt had a bookshop near a hospitalBut he never went to see a doctor when he was illHe usually just took some medicineOne day，when Mr Hunt carried a box of books in his hands，the box fell down and hurt one of his feet “Go to see a doctor”said Mrs Hunt “No”he said“Ill wait until a doctor comes here next timeThen Ill ask him about my footThis way Ill pay(支付)nothing to him”A few days later，a doctor came into the shop and bought some booksWhen Mr Hunt got the books ready，he asked the doctor about his footThe doctor answered him at once “Here are your books，sir，”said Mr Hunt“You must pay two pounds for them” “Ill pay nothing for them” “Oh，what?” “I told you about your footI want two pounds for thatBye”( )6Mr Hunt is a _ Aworker Bdriver Cbookseller Dfarmer( )7Mr Hunt usually just took some medicine，because _ Ahe was also a doctor Bhe didnt know any doctors Che lived far from the hospital Dhe wanted to pay nothing to doctors( )8Mr Hunt wanted to _ Abe friends with a doctor Bwait for a doctor coming into his shop Cgive a doctor some books Dshow some books to a doctor( )9The doctor came into the shop to _ Abuy some books Blook at Mr Hunts foot Canswer Mr Hunts question Dpay for some books( )10At last，_ Athe doctor paid two pounds for the books Bthe doctor paid nothing CMr Hunt paid two pounds to the doctor Dthe doctor didnt help Mr Hunt根據(jù)句意和首字母完成單詞(5分)1I b_ its important to sleep eight hours a night2Dont get s _ outIts not healthy3I wont go to bed u_ my mother comes back4He is stressed out because his English isnt i_5If you want to speak good English，you should have some conversation p_用所給的單詞適當形式填空(5分)1Its important for us _ (eat)a balanced diet2_ (tradition)Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy3Im sorry _ (hear)that4I wont leave until our teacher _ (come) back5Whats the matter with _ (Tony)little brother?同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(5分)1Whats wrong with Tina? Whats _ _ _ with Tina?2Its better for you to drink lots of water Its better for you to drink _ _ water3She shouldnt eat anything for 24 hours She _ eat _ for 24 hours4Adam should lie down and rest Adam should lie down and _ _ _5Maybe Edward will not come Edward _ _ come根據(jù)漢語完成句子(5分)1牛奶能幫助你保持健康的身體。 Milk can _ you _ have a healthy body2我爸爸告訴我要好好學習英語。 My father _ me _ study English well3我媽媽說我應(yīng)該晚飯盡量少吃肉。  My mom said that I should _ eat less meat for dinner4不要太疲勞，不然會使你生病的。  Dont _ too tiredOr it will _ you sick5我相信每天晚上8個小時的睡眠很重要。 I believe that its _ _ sleep 8 hours each night書面表達(15分)你們班學生Elise通過平時觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)班里存在一些不利于同學身心健康的事(見下表)。請你作為班主任寫封信就這些問題提出解決方法。(80詞左右)the windows are closed all dayair isnt freshtoo much homeworkNo time to playToo many testsWorried a lotDear_,_參考答案聽力測試二1I have a sore throat 2I am stressed out 3How are you feeling now? 4I cant sleep at night if I dont study 5Do you think I have a cold，doctor?6My uncle writes to me 7Mrs Green sings Well，but her husband doesnt 8Whats the matter? 9I have a sore back 10You shouldnt go outsideM：Is everyone here today? W：No，Li Lei isnt here M：Whats the matter with him? W：Oh，he has a bad toothache M：Im sorry to hear thatWhen did it start? W：Two day ago M：Where should he go? W：He should go to the dentistI dont think he should eat sweet things any more M：I think soIm JackIm in China with my familyIm in Grade EightMy teacher is Miss ZhuangI love learning about ChinaI have learned lots of thingsI learned about Chinese festivals，like the Spring Festival and Childrens DayI like Childrens Day bestI learned about Chinese food，like jiaozi and toufuThey are very interesting1A 2C 3B 4A 5A6C 7C 8B 9A 10B11A 12C 13B 14B 15B16lives，family 17Eight，teacher 181earning about 19festivals，food 20Childrens Day筆試部分1A 解析：Whats the matter with?固定句型。 2B 解析：keep healthy為系表結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“保持健康”。 3C 解析：hot tea with honey意為“加蜂蜜的熱茶”。 4D 解析：too much修飾不可數(shù)名詞，much too修飾形容詞或副詞。 5C 解析：at the moment“此刻”，固定短語。 6A 解析：前有系動詞are，其后應(yīng)該用stress的形容詞形式stressed。 7B 解析：anything常用于否定句或疑問句中。 8A 解析：take medicine意思是“服藥；吃藥”。 9D 解析：only后接a few或a little，而friends為可數(shù)名詞。 10B 解析：well用作形容詞，意指“身體好”。 11A 解析：have a bad cold“患重感冒”；stay in bed“待在床上”。 12B 解析：本題考查習慣搭配?！翱瘁t(yī)生”，應(yīng)用動詞see。 13B 解析：because因為，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；so所以，連接并列句，表結(jié)果；but但是，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，連接并列句；although雖然，盡管，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，由句意可知應(yīng)選B。 14D 解析：首先，動詞原形不能作主語，必須用動名詞作主語，其次，too，either，also皆為“也”，但too多用于句末；either則用于否定句的句末；also可用牙句中。由此應(yīng)選D。 15A 解析：like此處是介詞，無likes形式。give sbsth給某人某物，sb應(yīng)為代詞賓格。1C 解析：通看全文，中心話題是The importance of eating breakfast因此在開篇提出的設(shè)問應(yīng)該是：不吃早飯有影響嗎?答案選C。 2D 解析：from 12 to 83對本空進行補充說明，數(shù)字表示的應(yīng)是年齡，故選D。 3A 解析：at all用在否定句末，起強調(diào)作用；not是副詞，不能修飾名詞。 4A 解析：want后接to do sth，意為“想做某事”，根據(jù)語境應(yīng)選A，意為“想了解”。 5B 解析：空格后的than提示應(yīng)用比較級形式，所以排除C、D兩項；這里work是指“吃了早餐的人們的身體各個器官的功能怎樣”。所以應(yīng)選比較級“better”，work harder是指“人更努力工作”。 6D 解析：本句是對上句的進一步說明，強調(diào)“上學前”吃早餐的益處，答案選D。 7A 解析：條件狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句要用一般將來時，表示“可能會發(fā)生的事情”，所以選A。 8A 解析：and連接兩個并列的成分，所以應(yīng)用比較級，修飾動詞listen應(yīng)用副詞形式，所以選A。 9B 解析：what=that(先行詞)which(關(guān)系代詞)，引出定語從句some people think，共同作介詞to的賓語，譯成“所的”。 10C 解析：上文說“不吃早餐并不會有助于減肥，這是因為”，由此可知句中的people指的是不吃早餐的人，到了中午，他們就會感到餓而吃得更多，所以選C。其余幾項與后面提到的“午餐時會吃得更多”沒有必然聯(lián)系。1C 解析：遇到這個問題先問自己：What does a doctor do with his patient first?由此答案選C。 2B 解析：文中出現(xiàn)了Frederick即Mr Green or the old man，a doctor and a nurse三個人。由此答案選B。 3D 解析：通讀全文，判斷答案選D。 4C 解析：從第一段原文：youre going to get some injections，and youll feel much better可知選C。 5B 解析：第一段原文：give you the first this evening，and then youll have to get another one tomorrow evening由此判斷答案選B。 6C 解析：由第一句Mr Hunt had a bookshop得知。 7D 解析：由文中This way Ill pay nothing to him得知 8B 解析：由Hunt先生本人說的話可知他想要等到醫(yī)生來他的書店。 9A 解析：由文中a doctor came into the shop and bought some books得知。 10B 解析：最后，醫(yī)生說讀書的兩英鎊與Hunt先生的醫(yī)療咨詢費相抵了。1believe 2stressed 3until 4improving 5practice1to eat 解析：動詞不定式作 主語。 2Traditional 解析：修飾名詞doctors應(yīng)用形容詞形式。 3to hear 解析：形容詞之后用動詞不定式。 4comes 解析：主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。 5Tonys 解析：“Tony的”應(yīng)用名詞所有格。1the matter 2a lot of 3should，nothing 4have a rest 5may not1help，to 2tells，to 3try，to 4be，make 5important，toOne possible version： Dear Elise， Im glad to read your letterAlso Im very sorry to know there are so much trouble worrying youNow，let me tell you how to make things betterFirst，I hope every student to walk out of the classroom to enjoy the fresh air during the break，also you can do some exerciseAt the same time，I will ask a certain student to open the windows for you during each break，then you can also enjoy fresh air at class Second，enough homework is important for studentsIf you spend too much time on homework，you may think you have too much homeworkSo you should be more familiar to what youve learned and then you may spend less timeThat can also help you have more time to play As for tests，why not think about it in another way? Tests may give you a chance to enjoy success If you have to choose how to live，happily or not，lets be happy and cheer ourselves up Your sincerely， Qin