2019高考英語一輪基礎梳理與練習 Unit 3 Under the sea（含解析）新人教版選修7.doc

Unit 3Under the sea【短文語法填空】Felicity Miller, a 32yearold British woman, _1_ has a Chinese husband, still remembers the _2_ (excite) when she first learned to use the “red packet” function on WeChat in 2015.She sent and grabbed some red packets in her Chinese familys group.The rule in her family was that the _3_ (high) amount sent the next.Attracted by the unique way of municating, many foreigners _4_ (join) in sending and grabbing red packets so far.Usually, the money in each packet is random.Thus the amount of money one can grab _5_ (large) depends on his or her luck, from 0.01 yuan to less than 200 yuan.Many foreigners get more familiar _6_ Chinese culture through “red packets”Two years ago, when Felicity Miller was sent 5.20 or 8.88 yuan red packets, she had no clue about the _7_ (hide) meanings.Now, she has not only known about them, but also has sent a few.However, the popularity of virtual red packets doesnt stop people sending paper red packets _8_ (contain) real cash during the Spring Festival.It _9_ (call) lucky money.In Chinese tradition, people take giving children lucky money as _10_ blessing.語篇解讀：許多外國人通過“微信紅包”更加熟悉中國文化。但是真正的紙質紅包并未被替代，在春節(jié)時人們給孩子壓歲錢以表示對孩子的祝福。1who分析本句結構可知，空處引導非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語，先行詞為a 32yearold British woman，故用who引導該定語從句。2excitement根據空前的定冠詞the可知，空處用名詞形式。3highest根據語境并結合常識可知，搶到紅包金額最高的人要發(fā)下一個紅包，故用最高級。4have joined根據該句中的“so far”可知，到目前為止，已經有許多外國人被“微信紅包”這一特殊的交流方式吸引，并參與了搶紅包和發(fā)紅包。據此可知，本句用現在完成時。5largely空處修飾動詞短語“depends on”，故用副詞形式。6with許多外國人通過“微信紅包”更加熟悉中國文化。get familiar with為固定搭配，意為“熟悉”。7hiddenFelicity Miller不知道這兩個數字背后隱藏的意義。根據空前的冠詞the和空后的名詞meanings可知，此處應用形容詞作定語，故填hidden。8containingpaper red packets和動詞contain之間是主謂關系且contain與句子謂語之間無連詞，故用現在分詞短語作名詞paper red packets的后置定語。9is called這種紙質的紅包被稱為“壓歲錢”。根據句意可知，主語It 和動詞call之間為動賓關系，故用被動語態(tài)；本句陳述的是一般現象，故用一般現在時。10a人們將給孩子壓歲錢作為一種祝福。此處泛指“一種祝?！?，故用不定冠詞。(對應學生用書P168)一高考單詞識記思考運用1核心詞匯_annual_ adj.每年的；按年度計算的 n年刊；年鑒_pause_ vt.暫停；中止_drag_ vt.拖；拉；扯_urge_ vt.催促；極力主張_target_ n目標；靶子deep adj.深的 _depth_ n深度；深處2常考詞匯flee (fled，fled) vi._逃避；逃跑_vt._逃離_opposite prep._在對面_adj._相反的_opposition n_反對；抵抗_oppositely adv._相反地_acmodation n_住所；住宿_acmodate vt._提供住宿_abandon vt._放棄；遺棄；拋棄_abandoned adj._被遺棄的；放縱的_reflect v_思考；映射；反射_reflection n_反射；反映_aware adj._意識到的；知道的_awareness n_意識，覺悟_scare vi._恐嚇_vt._受驚嚇_scared adj._恐懼的；害怕的_conservation n_保護；保存_pension n_養(yǎng)老金_用所給單詞的適當形式填空1Many farmers _opposed_ (oppose) the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.(2017全國卷)2To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet _deep_ (depth)(2017全國卷)3There are several reasons to believe that the _urges_ (urge) to help，inform and share are not taught，but naturally possessed in young children.(2016江蘇卷)4Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised _awareness_ (aware) of the dangers of pollution on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.(2016全國卷)5“and I know what you meant，but slowing down _scares_ (scare) me.Life isnt having it made；its getting it made.”(2015天津卷)6It is not the story itself but what _is reflected_ (reflect) in the story that counts.(2015福建卷)7It is thought that they are capitalising on their predators (天敵) _fleeing_ (flee) to quieter areas.(2015四川卷)8Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds (滑板)Then they would _have dragged_ (drag) them along paths.(2015四川卷)“最終，最后”家族eventually adv.終于，最后；eventual adj.最終的finally adv.最后，終于；final adj.最后的；最終的lastly adv.最后(一點)at last 最后in the end 最后后綴or必備名詞集錦calculator 計算器/機petitor 競爭人，對手director 指導者，導演indicator 指示者governor 統(tǒng)治者，地方長官actor 演員visitor 參觀者translator 翻譯家，翻譯者“名詞名詞”構成的高頻詞速記headache n頭痛suitcase n手提箱teamwork n團隊合作；配合timetable n時間表；時刻表background n背景；經歷以“fy”結尾的動詞identify vt.確認；識別clarify vt.澄清；闡明satisfy vt.使?jié)M意beautify vt.美化classify vt.分類purify vt.使純凈simplify vt.簡化【完形填空】When I was young，I thought that kindness was a beneficial thing.I _1_ that I could just give what I thought others _2_ and I would get a one way ticket to Happyville (快樂小鎮(zhèn)). This thought process was _3_ changed when I suffered from clinical depression. _4_ became obvious that what I needed，as everyone did，was just the _5_ to love oneself. Apart from that，I had to learn how to make deeper and more meaningful connections _6_ people.My struggle with mental health was something that _7_ into a campaign to let every single person know that they _8_ and couldnt be replaced.At high school，it could be _9_ to convey this idea，but I _10_ pursued my passions (激情). The _11_ of my effort were the habits and traditions I had created to help _12_：Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and _13_ them to those who seemed to need a pickmeup.I tried to _14_ as many names as I possibly could.I had started a club which gave students a _15_ place to express themselves and learn _16_ to apply empathy(同感，共鳴) in their everyday lives. On my personal social media account, I posted weekly _17_ to inspire both myself and my friends.When I go off the college this year，Ill be working towards a degree in college.This will help me start a nonprofit foundation in the future.My _18_ goal is to prove that the world is not a collection of _19_ problems，but something that can be changed by even the _20_ actions.1A.wondered BfiguredCdoubted Dpredicted2A.wanted BignoredClost Dordered3A.unfortunately BtotallyCregularly Daccurately4A.It BTheyCHe DThis5A.ability BdesireCbelief Dreason6A.for BwithCfrom Dabout7A.fell BdividedCbroke Dturned8A.mattered BexistedCsurvived Dsucceeded9A.difficult BfunnyCdifferent Dperfect10A.casually BbrieflyCfirmly Dsurely11A.difficulty BpurposeCfruits Dmethod12A.strangers BteenagersCfriends Dfamilies13A.led BlentCpassed Dlimited14A.write BmemorizeCprepare Drecall15A.quiet BimportantClarge Dsafe16A.how BwhatCwhere Dwhen17A.discussions BsuggestionsCexperience Dtheories18A.final BprimaryCsimple Dgrand19A.plex BunsolvableCunknown Dterrible20A.latest BlaziestCslowest Dsmallest【解題導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者與抑郁癥作斗爭的經歷使他轉變了思想，并用實際行動來幫助青少年和朋友們。他告訴大家，每個人都同樣重要并且不可替代。因此我們必須做出行動，因為即使是最小的行動都可以產生影響。1B考查動詞辨析。句意為：我以為只要我能給予別人我認為他們想要的東西，我就能得到一張去快樂小鎮(zhèn)的單程票。A項意為“想知道”；B項意為“認為，以為”；C項意為“懷疑”；D項意為“預測”。短文第一句說明了作者小時候的想法，即作者認為善良是一件有益的事情，然后接著詳細地解釋他的想法。B項符合語境。故選B。2A考查動詞辨析。A項意為“想要”；B項意為“忽視”；C項意為“丟失”；D項意為“命令，訂購”。此處指作者認為給予別人他認為別人需要的東西，他就會快樂。A項符合語境。故選A。3B考查副詞辨析。A項意為“不幸地”；B項意為“完全地”；C項意為“定期地”；D項意為“準確地”。由下文可知，因為作者的臨床抑郁癥，作者以前給予別人想要的東西的想法變成了努力用他的想法去影響別人，改變別人，所以此處表達的是“這個思維過程完全變了”。B項符合語境。故選B。4A考查代詞辨析。此處為句型“It bees/becameadj.that從句”，代詞it為形式主語，that引導的從句為真正的主語。故選A。5A考查名詞辨析。A項意為“能力”；B項意為“渴望”；C項意為“信念”；D項意為“理由”。ability to do sth.表示“做某件事的能力”，根據語境可知，作者所需要的和每個人所需要的一樣，就是愛自己的能力。A項符合語境。故選A。6B考查介詞辨析。句意為：除了這一點，我必須學會如何與人們建立更深、更有意義的聯系。make connection with.是固定短語，表示“與建立聯系”。故選B。7D考查動詞短語辨析。各選項所給動詞均可與介詞into構成固定搭配：fall into意為“跌入”；divide into意為“分成”；break into意為“闖入”；turn into意為“變成”。由上文可知，作者的思維過程改變了，產生了新的想法，因此作者表達的是他在心理健康方面的掙扎變成了一場運動。turn into符合語境。故選D。8A考查動詞辨析。A項意為“重要，有關系”；B項意為“存在”；C項意為“幸存”；D項意為“成功”。根據空格后面的“and couldnt be replaced”可推知，此處表達的是“讓每個人都知道他們很重要，無法被替代”。A項符合語境。故選A。9A考查形容詞辨析。A項意為“困難的”；B項意為“滑稽的”；C項意為“不同的”；D項意為“完美的”。由轉折連詞but和第二個分句的內容可知，此處指的是“在高中，很難傳遞這個想法”。A項符合語境。故選A。10C考查副詞辨析。A項意為“隨意地”；B項意為“簡短地”；C項意為“堅定地”；D項意為“確信地”。根據but表示轉折可知，此處應表達“但是我堅定地追隨我的激情”。C項符合語境。故選C。11C考查名詞辨析。上文提到雖然在學校作者很難傳遞自己的思想，但是他不放棄，由此可知，作者努力的結果就是他創(chuàng)造了幫助的習慣和傳統(tǒng)。此處fruits表示“結果，成果”，符合語境。故選C。12B考查名詞辨析。 .Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and _ them to those who seemed to need a pickmeup.(第二段第三句) 譯文：每個星期五，我?guī)е鳂I(yè)的獎品來到學校，把它們發(fā)給那些似乎需要提神的孩子們。由關鍵句可以推斷，作者幫助的是那些青少年們。teenager意為“青年，青少年”，符合語境。故選B。13C考查動詞辨析。pass sth.to sb.是固定短語，意為“把傳遞/分發(fā)蛤某人”，此處表達的是作者把帶來的作業(yè)獎品發(fā)給那些需要提神的孩子們。故選C。14B考查動詞辨析。A項意為“寫”；B項意為“記住”；C項意為“準備”；D項意為“回憶”。由語境可知，作者想幫助青少年，所以他盡可能多地記住他們的名字。故選B。15D考查形容詞辨析。作者建立了一個俱樂部，學生們在這里可以表達自己的想法，由此可知這是一個安全的地方，學生們能夠暢所欲言。safe意為“安全的”，符合語境。故選D。16A考查連接詞辨析。此處為“疑問詞不定式”結構作賓語。由語境可知，作者想讓學生學會如何把表達的情感運用到日常生活中。how意為“怎樣，如何”，符合語境。故選A。17B考查名詞辨析。A項意為“討論”；B項意為“建議”；C項意為“經驗”；D項意為“理論”。在作者的個人社交網絡賬號上，作者每周發(fā)出的用于激勵自己和朋友的帖子應是建議之類的內容。B項符合語境，其余各項均與語境不符。故選B。18A考查形容詞辨析。This will help me start a nodprofit foundation in the future.(最后一段第二句)譯文：這將幫助我在將來建立一個非盈利基金會。由關鍵句可知，作者一直堅持自己的信仰和做法，那么接著說的就是他的最終目標。final意為“最后的，最終的”，符合語境。故選A。19B考查形容詞辨析。A項意為“復雜的”；B項意為“難以解決的”；C項意為“未知的”；D項意為“糟糕的”。由語境可知，作者的最終目標是要證明這個世界不是無法解決的問題的集合體。unsolvable與下文的“can be changed”相銜接且符合語境。故選B。20D考查形容詞最高級辨析。A項意為“最新的”；B項意為“最懶的”；C項意為“最慢的”；D項意為“最小的”。由本句中的“even”可知，此處指的是甚至是最小的行動都會改變一些事情。D項符合語境。故選D。二重點短語識記思考運用1(be)adj.of(be) ahead _of_ 優(yōu)于；在前面be/bee aware _of_ 對知道、明白；意識到2beadj.to(be) scared _to_ death 嚇死了get close _to_ 靠近be _about_ to do 即將；將要3動詞介詞(副詞)aim _at_ 瞄準help(.) _out_ 幫助(某人)擺脫困境或危難hold _up_ 舉起；抬起；支撐；阻擋；使延誤4其他形式_in_ the meantime 在此期間；與此同時upside _down_ 上下翻轉用左欄所給短語的適當形式填空1He was rushing back to _help_ them _out_ of poverty.2At first I was not quite _aware of_ what the gentleman was aiming at.3The conference will begin in an hour；_in the meantime_，lets have a chat.4From now on，you dont take me to watch horrible movies.I _was scared to death_ last night.5She was always well _ahead of_ the rest of the class.6I _was about to_ leave when the telephone rang.7They，too，are _getting close to_ the time when they start to build their nests.8Im sorry，but my remarks were not _aimed at_ you.“動詞out”短語全接觸bring out 出版；公布carry out 執(zhí)行check out 結賬后離開drop out 退出leave out 忽略；遺漏cut out 停止；剪下let out 放出back out 決定不履行(允諾的事)to為介詞的短語串記pare.to.把比作adapt.to.使適應adjust.to.調節(jié)以適應attach.to.將附在上prefer.to.喜歡勝過apply.to.把應用于；專心于addict.to.對上癮expose.to.將暴露于之下三佳句選粹在解讀中學懂，在仿寫中學通背原句學句型練仿寫1.It was a time when the killer whales，or“killers”as they were then called，helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.那個時期，虎鯨(當時被稱為“殺手”)幫助捕鯨人在每年須鯨遷徙時捕捉須鯨。It was a time when.“曾經一度(那時)”，when引導的是定語從句，修飾time。我曾一度迷戀網絡游戲，現在真是后悔。_It was a time when_ I was addicted to playing puter games；how I regret now.2.This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.這是宣告捕鯨行動馬上就要開始的呼聲。be about to do sth.意為“正要做某事”。我正要做一件重要工作這時女兒過來打斷了我。I _was about to do_ an important piece of work _when_ my daughter came to interrupt me.3.The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended，there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.水很淺，但到了珊瑚礁的盡頭，就有一個陡坡，一直下降到滿是沙子的海底。where.，there be.“在地方，有”，where引導地點狀語從句。常言道，有志者事竟成。As the saying goes，_where there is_ a will，_there is_ a way.【短文改錯】This morning，I got an email from the library.It said the book I reserved was ready to be picking up.Because I had always been waiting to read it，so at that moment I was very exciting.Outside the library，I saw the man driving around the small parking lot，try to find a parking space.He head for the disabled parking space，the only one that was free.He got off his car with a pile of library book to return.Seeing that，I offered to return them to him.He thanked me and jumped quick in his car and drove off，keeping the disabled parking space free for someone needed it.【答案】This morning，I got an email from the library.It said the book I reserved was ready to be up.Because I had always been waiting to read it， at that moment I was very .Outside the library，I saw man driving around the small parking lot， to find a parking space.He for the disabled parking space，the only one that was free.He got off his car with a pile of library to return.Seeing that，I offered to return them him.He thanked me and jumped in his car and drove off，keeping the disabled parking space free for someone needed it.第一處：pickingpicked?？疾閯釉~語態(tài)。根據語境可知，pick up和句子主語book構成動賓關系，故用被動語態(tài)。第二處：刪除so?？疾檫B詞。so和because都是連詞，不能同時使用，故刪除so。注：刪除Because保留so也是可以的。第三處：excitingexcited。考查分詞形容詞。excited一般修飾人，而exciting一般修飾物。第四處：thea?？疾楣谠~。man第一次在語境中出現，故用不定冠詞修飾。第五處：trytrying?？疾榉侵^語動詞。try和句子謂語saw之間沒有連詞，故用非謂語動詞。此外，try和句子主語I構成主謂關系，故用現在分詞作狀語。第六處：headheaded。考查動詞時態(tài)。由后面的“was free”可知，應用一般過去時。第七處：bookbooks?？疾槊~復數形式。根據a pile of可知，書不止一本，故用復數形式。第八處：tofor。考查介詞。介詞for表示“為了”，符合語境。第九處：quickquickly。考查副詞。此處應用副詞修飾動詞jumped，在句子中作狀語。第十處：someone后加who。考查定語從句。who引導定語從句，在從句中作主語。