高三英語人教版一輪教師用書：層級1 第2講　寫作常見的3類錯誤及防范措施 Word版含解析

第2講寫作常見的3類錯誤及防范措施改正下列句子中的錯誤1People throwed cans, paper, bags and so on into the river. throwedthrew 2During my summer vacation, I spent half a month in the country and played very happy. happyhappily3We must pay attention our pronunciation when we speak English. attention后加to4It's high time we do something to reduce traffic accidents. dodid5There have been more and more road accidents happened in recent years. happenedhappening6Dr. Smith, together with his wife, are to arrive on the evening flight. areis7Would you please meet my uncle at the airport because this is his first time visit to the US? 去掉time8I have many collections of stamps, some of them are my favorite. some前加and或themwhich一、考場作文常見的3類錯誤考場寫作常見錯誤主要分為三類：詞匯類錯誤、語法類錯誤和漢語式英語。(一)詞匯類錯誤考試時，學生很容易出現(xiàn)詞形變化錯誤，而詞性不清和詞匯運用方面的錯誤主要還是受漢語的影響。其應對措施是在備考時多注意容易拼錯或容易出現(xiàn)詞形變化錯誤的單詞，真正用心去體會英語詞匯的詞性和運用，對一些固定習語更不要想當然地改動。1詞形變化錯誤誤：The car hitted the old man and drived away.正：The car hit the old man and drove away.2詞性不清錯誤誤：Doing a part­time job probably effects your studies.正：Doing a part­time job probably affects your studies.3詞匯運用錯誤誤：He opened the light after he entered the room.正：He turned on the light after he entered the room.4擅自改動習語誤：We lost the game, but we didn't lose our heart.正：We lost the game, but we didn't lose heart.(二)語法類錯誤一個正確的句子除了用詞得當外，語法上也應該準確無誤。如果語法上不正確，再好的構思也難以正確地加以表達，語法錯誤的多少會直接影響作文得分檔次。英語寫作中語法類錯誤主要表現(xiàn)在如下幾個方面：1時態(tài)錯誤誤：In the morning, we had bicycled to the suburbs to plant trees.正：In the morning, we bicycled to the suburbs to plant trees.2語態(tài)錯誤誤：Children who raise in poor families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years.正：Children who are raised in poor families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years.3非謂語動詞使用錯誤誤：Comparing with other countries, the country pays little attention to the pollution.正：Compared with other countries, the country pays little attention to the pollution.4主謂一致錯誤誤：My hobby is widespread, which include drawing, collecting stamps and so on.正：My hobby is widespread, which includes drawing, collecting stamps and so on.5比較級使用錯誤誤：With the development of transportation, the world seems to be getting more and more smaller.正：With the development of transportation, the world seems to be getting smaller and smaller.(三)漢語式英語一般來說，英漢兩種語言既有許多相似之處，又有許多不同之處。在寫作時如果想當然地去寫，會出現(xiàn)許多漢語式英語，其中主要包括如下幾個方面：1純漢語式思維和漢語式語序誤：At this school studying, I really very happy.正：Studying at this school, I am really very happy.2句子成分殘缺誤：There are many students don't support the project.正：There are many students who don't support the project.3句子粘連誤：On the other hand, dogs are our best friends, bring us a lot of fun.正：On the other hand, dogs are our best friends, which/and bring us a lot of fun.4搭配不當誤：Under the help of the teacher, I have made great progress in my English.正：With the help of the teacher, I have made great progress in my English.二、防范出現(xiàn)錯誤的2個措施(一)確定主語英語句子無論多長都有自己的主語(祈使句省略了主語you)。動手寫句子之前首先要確定主語，其次要特別注意漢語與英語在表達方面的區(qū)別。例如：1北京八月多雨。誤：Beijing rains much in August.正：It rains much in Beijing in August.2寫得很匆忙，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)書中滿是錯誤。誤：Written in a hurry, we found the book full of mistakes.正：Written in a hurry, the book was found full of mistakes (by us)(二)確定謂語動詞英文中沒有動詞就構不成句子，但英語動詞千變萬化，稍不注意就會寫錯句子。在寫句子時應特別注意以下幾個方面：1注意及物與不及物動詞的正確運用誤：The living standard of the people has raised in the past twenty years.正：The living standard of the people has risen/has been raised in the past twenty years.2注意延續(xù)性與非延續(xù)性動詞的正確運用誤：He has left his hometown for twenty years.正：He has been away from his hometown for twenty years.3注意一些不可用于被動語態(tài)的動詞誤：Many stars are appeared in the sky at night.正：Many stars appear in the sky at night.下面的學生作文中有8處錯誤，請改正Dear Arthur，It is three weeks since you gone to hospital. How are you feeling now? Hope you will recover soon because all of our classmates very miss you.As you may know it, we have just finished our mid­term exam. I am very happy to say that I made a great progress this time. I really thank your encouragement. Besides, our school's sports meeting will be holded next Friday and Saturday. Our class did really good last year and I believe we would get more prizes this year if you were to join us.We are looking forward to your come back.Yours，Li Hua【答案】Dear Arthur，It is three weeks since you to hospital. How are you feeling now? Hope you will recover soon because all of our classmates .As you may know ， we have just finished our mid­term exam. I am very happy to say that I made great progress this time. I really your encouragement. Besides, our school's sports meeting will be next Friday and Saturday. Our class did really last year and I believe we would get more prizes this year if you were to join us.We are looking forward to your back.Yours，Li Hua